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Basis of Financial Statements (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Basis of Financial Statements | The financial information in this report presented for interim periods is unaudited and includes the accounts of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “us,” “our,” the "Company" or “FNF”) prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. This report should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K (our "Annual Report") for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share, as presented on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Earnings, is computed by dividing net earnings available to common shareholders in a given period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during such period. In periods when earnings are positive, diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus assumed conversions of potentially dilutive securities. For periods when we recognize a net loss, diluted loss per share is equal to basic loss per share as the impact of assumed conversions of potentially dilutive securities is considered to be antidilutive. We have granted certain stock options and shares of restricted stock, which have been treated as common share equivalents for purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share for periods in which positive earnings have been reported. Options or other instruments, which provide the ability to purchase shares of our common stock that are antidilutive, are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. There were no antidilutive instruments outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2025. There were fewer than 1 million antidilutive instruments outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update enhance the transparency of the income tax disclosures by expanding on the disclosures required annually. The amendments require entities to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state, and foreign income taxes, in addition to providing details about the reconciling items in some categories if above a quantitative threshold. Additionally, the amendments require annual disclosure of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments in this update enhance transparency of certain expense captions by disclosing more granular information of specific expenses within those captions such as personnel costs, depreciation, and amortization. The amendments also require disclosure of qualitative description of amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated. The amendments in this update are effective for all public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We do not expect to early adopt this standard and are in the process of assessing its impact on our disclosures upon adoption.
Derivative Financial Instruments | Derivative Financial Instruments Freestanding Derivatives We economically hedge certain portions of our exposure to product related equity market risk by entering into derivative transactions (primarily equity options). We also utilize certain interest rate swaps to reduce market risks from interest rate changes on our earnings associated with our floating rate investments. All such derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The changes in fair value of derivatives not designated to hedge relationships are reported within Recognized gains and losses, net in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The change in the fair value of these derivative instruments is included in operating activities in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Hedge Accounting We designate certain derivatives to fair value or cash flow hedge relationships that hedge exposures to interest rates, foreign currency, or both, associated with changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value hedge”) or variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”). When a derivative is designated as a fair value hedge and is determined to be highly effective, changes in the fair value of the derivative included in the assessment of effectiveness are reported in the same line on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings that is used to report the earnings effect of the hedged item. When a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge and is determined to be highly effective, changes in the fair value of the derivative included in the assessment of effectiveness are recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI") until earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows being hedged. At the time the variability of cash flows being hedged impacts net earnings, the related portion of deferred gains or losses on the derivative instrument is reclassified and reported in net earnings in the same line item on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings that is used to report the earnings effect of the hedged item. Any portion of the change in fair value of a derivative designated to a fair value or cash flow hedge relationship that is excluded from the assessment of effectiveness will be recorded in AOCI and amortized into earnings over the life of the remaining term of the hedge relationship. To qualify for hedge accounting, at hedge inception we formally document our risk management objective and strategy for entering into hedging relationships, as well as the designation of the hedge. In our hedge documentation, we explain how the hedging instrument is expected to hedge the designated risks related to the hedged item and the method that will used to test for hedge effectiveness on both a prospective and retrospective basis. A derivative designated as a hedging instrument must be assessed as being highly effective in offsetting the designated risk of the hedged item. Effectiveness of the hedge is formally assessed at inception and at least quarterly throughout the life of the hedging relationship. We prospectively discontinue hedge accounting when (1) the criteria to qualify for hedge accounting is no longer met; (2) the derivative expires, is sold, terminated or is exercised; or (3) we de-designate the derivative from being the hedging instrument for a fair value or cash flow hedge. If a fair value or cash flow hedge is discontinued, the derivative will continue to be carried at fair value on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, with changes in fair value recognized prospectively in Recognized gains and losses in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. For discontinued fair value hedges, the hedged item will no longer be adjusted for changes in the hedged risk and any existing basis adjustment will be amortized into the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings within the same line item that is used to report other earnings effects of the hedged item. Any amounts remaining in AOCI associated with a component of the change in derivative fair value excluded from the assessment of effectiveness will be amortized into earnings in a manner consistent with how any basis adjustment associated with the hedged item would be amortized. The component of AOCI related to discontinued cash flow hedges where it is probable the hedged forecasted transaction will not occur, will be immediately reclassified from AOCI into earnings. In all other cases any amounts remaining in AOCI will be amortized into earnings consistent with the earnings impacts expected from the original hedged cash flows. Embedded Derivatives We purchase financial instruments that may contain embedded derivative instruments. If it is determined that the embedded derivative possesses economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract, and a separate instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument, the embedded derivative is bifurcated from the host contract for measurement purposes.
Funds Withheld Arrangements | Funds Withheld Arrangements F&G cedes certain business on a coinsurance funds withheld basis. Assets supporting the arrangements are reported within Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. All assets within Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities are recorded in a manner consistent with each respective item of our accounting policies discussed in Note A Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Investment results for the assets that support the coinsurance are segregated within the funds withheld account and are passed directly to the reinsurer pursuant to the contractual terms of the reinsurance agreement, which creates embedded derivatives considered to be total return swaps. These embedded derivatives are not clearly and closely related to the underlying reinsurance agreement and thus require bifurcation. The fair value of the total return swaps are based on the change in fair value of the underlying assets held in the funds withheld account. Beginning in the first quarter of 2025, these embedded derivatives are reported in Funds withheld for reinsurance liabilities, irrespective if in a net asset position or a net liability position, on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and prior periods have been reclassified from Prepaid expenses and other assets to conform with the current presentation. The related gains or losses are reported in Recognized gains and losses, net, on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Refer to Note C Fair Value of Financial Instruments for descriptions of the fair value methodologies used for these and other derivative financial instruments and Note E Derivatives, for additional information on these and other derivatives.
Revenue Recognition | Our Direct title insurance premiums are recognized as revenue at the time of closing of the underlying transaction as the earnings process is then considered complete. Regulation of title insurance rates varies by state. Premiums are charged to customers based on rates predetermined in coordination with each states' respective Department of Insurance. Cash associated with such revenue is typically collected at closing of the underlying real estate transaction. Premium revenues from agency title operations are recognized when the underlying title order and transaction closing, if applicable, are complete. Revenues from our home warranty business are generated from contracts with customers to provide warranty for major home appliances. Substantially all of our home warranty contracts are one year in length and revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the contract.
Revenue Recognition, Services, Real Estate Transactions | Escrow fees and other title-related fees and income in our Title segment are closely related to Direct title insurance premiums and are primarily associated with managing the closing of real estate transactions, including the processing of funds on behalf of the transaction participants, gathering and recording the required closing documents, providing notary and home inspection services, and other real estate or title-related activities. Revenue is primarily recognized upon closing of the underlying real estate transaction or completion of services. Cash associated with such revenue is typically collected at closing. Revenues from ServiceLink, excluding its title premiums, escrow fees and loan subservicing fees primarily include revenues from real estate appraisal services and foreclosure processing and facilitation services. Revenues from real estate appraisal services are recognized when all appraisal work is complete, a final report is issued to the client and the client is billed. Revenues from foreclosure processing and facilitation services are primarily recognized upon completion of the services and when billing to the client is complete. F&G derives its revenue from external customers primarily located in the United States. Life insurance premiums in our F&G segment reflect premiums for life-contingent PRT, traditional life insurance products, and life-contingent immediate annuity products, which are recognized as revenue when due from the policyholder. We have ceded the majority of our traditional life business to unaffiliated third party reinsurers. While the base contract has been reinsured, we continue to retain the return of premium rider. Insurance and investment product fees and other consist primarily of the cost of insurance on IUL policies, unearned revenue liabilities ("URL") on IUL policies, policy rider fees primarily on fixed indexed annuity ("FIA") policies and surrender charges assessed against policy withdrawals in excess of the policyholder's allowable penalty-free amounts. Premium and annuity deposit collections for indexed annuities, fixed rate annuities, immediate annuities and PRT without life contingency, and amounts received for funding agreements are reported in the financial statements as deposit liabilities (i.e., contractholder funds) instead of as sales or revenues. Similarly, cash payments to customers are reported as decreases in the liability for contractholder funds and not as expenses. Sources of revenues for products accounted for as deposit liabilities include net investment income, surrender, cost of insurance and other charges deducted from contractholder funds, and net realized gains (losses) on investments. Components of expenses for products accounted for as deposit liabilities are interest-sensitive and index product benefits (primarily interest credited to account balances or the hedging cost of providing index credits to the policyholder), amortization of value of business acquired ("VOBA"), deferred acquisition costs ("DAC") and deferred sales inducements ("DSI"), other operating costs and expenses, and income taxes. Real estate technology revenues are primarily comprised of subscription fees for use of software provided to real estate professionals. Subscriptions are only offered on a month-by-month basis and fees are billed monthly. Revenue is recognized in the month services are provided. Loan subservicing revenues are generated by certain subsidiaries of ServiceLink and are associated with the servicing of mortgage loans on behalf of its customers. Revenue is recognized when the underlying work is performed and billed. Loan subservicing revenues are subject to the recognition requirements of ASC Topic 860.
Revenue Recognition, Other | We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, primarily related to revenue from our home warranty business, and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.

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