Acquisitions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company completed a number of acquisitions, none of which were material, individually or in the aggregate, to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and financial position. The aggregate details of the Company’s acquisition activity are as follows:


	Acquisitions Completed in
	Year Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Number of acquisitions	6		4		7
Cash paid at closing (1)	$	98,298	$	36,577	$	143,038
Cash acquired	(5,266)		(2,523)		(7,774)
Net cash paid	$	93,032	$	34,054	$	135,264

(1)Of the cash paid at closing for the year ended December 31, 2020, $3,413 was deposited into an escrow account to secure any potential indemnification and other obligations of the seller.

The fair value of the contingent consideration from acquisitions is included in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:


	December 31,
	2020		2019
Accruals and other current liabilities	$	2,884	$	5,100
Other liabilities	1,415		1,499
Contingent consideration from acquisitions	$	4,299	$	6,599

The fair value of non-contingent consideration from acquisitions is included in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:


	December 31,
	2020		2019
Accruals and other current liabilities	$	685	$	900
Other liabilities	1,774		—
Non-contingent consideration from acquisitions	$	2,459	$	900

The operating results of the acquired businesses are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the closing date of each respective acquisition. The purchase price for each acquisition has been allocated to the net tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the respective acquisition date. Independent valuations are obtained to support purchase price allocations when deemed appropriate.

In connection with the purchase price allocations related to the Company’s acquisitions, the Company has estimated the fair values of the support obligations assumed relative to acquired deferred revenue. The estimated fair values of the support obligations assumed were determined using a cost‑build‑up approach. The cost‑build‑up approach determines fair value by estimating the costs related to fulfilling the obligations plus a normal profit margin. For accounting purposes, the sum of the costs and operating profit approximates the amount that the Company would be required to pay a third party to assume the support obligations. These fair value adjustments reduce the revenues recognized over the remaining support contract term of the Company’s acquired contracts. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the fair value adjustments to reduce revenue were $599, $553, and $2,469, respectively.

The purchase accounting for the six acquisitions completed for the year ended December 31, 2020 is not yet completed. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed were provisionally recorded at their estimated fair values on the respective acquisition date. The initial accounting for these business combinations is not complete because the evaluation necessary to assess the fair values of certain net assets acquired is still in process. The provisional amounts are subject to revision until the evaluations are completed to the extent that additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. The allocation of the purchase price may be modified from the date of the acquisition as more information is obtained about the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, however such measurement period cannot exceed one year.

Acquisition and integration costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company incurred acquisition and integration costs of $2,227, $950, and $1,361, respectively, which include costs related to legal, accounting, valuation, general administrative, and other consulting fees. Such costs are recorded in General and administrative in the consolidated statements of operations.

The following summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the weighted average useful lives assigned to acquired intangible assets at the respective date of each acquisition (including contingent consideration):


	Acquisitions Completed in
	Year Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Consideration:
Cash paid at closing	$	98,298	$	36,577	$	143,038
Contingent consideration	2,380		4,498		13,456
Deferred, non-contingent consideration, net	1,416		—		690
Total consideration	$	102,094	$	41,075	$	157,184
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash	$	5,266	$	2,523	$	7,774
Prepaid and other current assets	8,701		1,782		4,790
Operating lease right-of-use assets	2,529		—		—
Property and equipment	499		411		340
Other assets	36		84		—
Customer relationship asset (weighted average useful life of 6, 7, and 5 years, respectively)	11,371		6,534		27,294
Software and technology (weighted average useful life of 3 years)	2,207		2,423		9,332
In-process research and development	—		—		1,366
Non-compete agreement (useful life of 5 years)	200		150		—
Trademarks (weighted average useful life of 7, 5, and 7 years, respectively)	3,953		1,431		2,090
Total identifiable assets acquired excluding goodwill	34,762		15,338		52,986
Accruals and other current liabilities	(4,991)		(3,538)		(3,848)
Deferred revenues	(5,351)		(2,897)		(6,181)
Operating lease liabilities	(2,529)		—		—
Deferred income taxes	(1,701)		(1,869)		(8,917)
Other liabilities	(86)		—		—
Total liabilities assumed	(14,658)		(8,304)		(18,946)
Net identifiable assets acquired excluding goodwill	20,104		7,034		34,040
Goodwill	81,990		34,041		123,144
Net assets acquired	$	102,094	$	41,075	$	157,184

The fair values of the working capital, other assets (liabilities), and property and equipment approximated their respective carrying values as of the acquisition date.

As discussed above, the fair values of deferred revenues were determined using the cost‑build‑up approach.

The fair values of the intangible assets were primarily determined using the income approach. When applying the income approach, indications of fair values were developed by discounting future net cash flows to their present values at market‑based rates of return. The cash flows were based on estimates used to price the acquisitions and the discount rates applied were benchmarked with reference to the implied rate of return from the Company’s pricing model and the weighted average cost of capital.

Goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisitions was attributable to synergies expected to arise from cost saving opportunities, as well as future expected cash flows. Of the goodwill recorded as of December 31, 2020, $24,133 is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Acquisition Subsequent to December 31, 2020

In February 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of E7. The acquisition is not expected to be material to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and financial position.