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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense
Total stock‑based compensation expense consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Restricted stock and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) expense
$54,606 $40,754 $19,917 
Bonus Plan expense (see Note 11)14,801 28,571 23,121 
ESPP expense (see Note 13)2,407 2,890 2,118 
Stock grants expense600 450 445 
Stock option expense343 2,150 3,271 
DCP elective participant deferrals expense (1) (see Note 12)
215 391 173 
Total stock-based compensation expense (2)
$72,972 $75,206 $49,045 
(1)DCP elective participant deferrals expense excludes deferred incentive bonus payable pursuant to the Bonus Plan.
(2)As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $4,043 and $7,300 remained in Accruals and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, respectively.
Total stock‑based compensation expense is included in the consolidated statements of operations as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Cost of subscriptions and licenses$4,444 $2,781 $1,442 
Cost of services3,196 2,055 1,257 
Research and development19,380 27,209 19,740 
Selling and marketing11,565 8,898 5,980 
General and administrative34,387 34,263 20,626 
Total stock-based compensation expense$72,972 $75,206 $49,045 
Schedule of Options
The following is a summary of stock option activity and related information under the Company’s applicable equity incentive plans:
Weighted
WeightedAverage
AverageRemainingAggregate
StockExercise PriceContractualIntrinsic
OptionsPer ShareLife (in years)Value
Outstanding, December 31, 20223,794,515 $5.57 
Exercised(2,860,586)5.52 
Forfeited and expired(17,500)5.68 
Outstanding, December 31, 2023916,429 $5.74 0.2$42,559 
Exercisable, December 31, 2023916,429 $5.74 0.2$42,559 
Schedule of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Activity
The following is a summary of unvested restricted stock and RSU activity and related information under the Company’s applicable equity incentive plans:
Time-Performance-
BasedBased
Time-WeightedWeighted
TotalBasedAverageAverage
RestrictedRestrictedPerformance-Grant DateGrant Date
StockStockBasedFair ValueFair Value
and RSUsand RSUsRSUsPer SharePer Share
Unvested, December 31, 20223,068,851 2,706,078 
(3)
362,773 
(4)
$36.67 $38.21 
Granted1,467,585 
(1)
1,268,939 198,646 
(5)
42.7939.14
Vested(997,938)(840,778)(157,160)35.36 38.20 
Forfeited and canceled(234,649)(196,031)(38,618)34.02 33.59 
Unvested, December 31, 20233,303,849 
(2)
2,938,208 365,641 $39.87 $39.21 
(1)For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company only granted RSUs.
(2)Includes 55,905 RSUs which are expected to be settled in cash.
(3)Includes 199,076 time‑based RSUs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 to certain officers and key employees, which cliff vest on January 31, 2025.
(4)Primarily relates to the 2022 annual performance period, except for 185,186 performance‑based RSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 with extraordinary terms, which are described below.
(5)Primarily relates to the 2023 annual performance period, except for 13,367 additional shares earned based on the achievement of 2022 performance goals for performance‑based RSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2022.