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HELD-FOR-SALE
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]  
HELD-FOR-SALE HELD-FOR-SALE
Assets and liabilities related to the business classified as HFS are separately reported in the consolidated balance sheets beginning in the period in which the business is classified as HFS.
AB Bernstein Research Services
On November 22, 2022, AB and Société Générale, a leading European bank, announced plans to form a joint venture combining their respective cash equities and research businesses. Upon closing, AB will own a 49% interest in the joint venture and Société Générale will own a 51% interest in the joint venture, with an option to reach 100% ownership after five years. The consummation of the joint venture is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory clearances. Due to the expected timing of regulatory approvals, the closing is expected to occur in the first half of 2024.
The assets and liabilities of AB's research services business recorded at fair value, less cost to sell have been classified as held-for-sale in our Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result of classifying these assets as held-for-sale, AB recognized a non-cash valuation adjustment of $3 million, $6 million and $7 million on the consolidated statement of income, to recognize the net carrying value at lower of cost or fair value, less costs to sell for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and as of December 31, 2022, respectively. Approximately $4 million in costs to sell have been paid as of June 30, 2023.
The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities classified as held-for-sale as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet:
 June 30, 2023 (1)December 31, 2022 (1)
(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$155 $159 
Broker-dealer related receivables73 74 
Trading securities, at fair value28 25 
Goodwill and other intangible assets ,net164 175 
Other assets (2)146 129 
Total assets held-for-sale$566 $562 
Broker-dealer related payables$38 $33 
Customers related payables14 10 
Other liabilities77 65 
Total liabilities held-for-sale$129 $108 
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(1)    The assets and liabilities classified as held-for-sale are reported within our Investment Management & Research segment.
(2)    Other assets includes a valuation adjustment of $(9) million and $(7) million, as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
These assets and liabilities are reported under the Investment Management & Research segment. The Company has determined that AB’s exit from the research business did not represent a strategic shift that had a major effect on AB’s or the Company’s consolidated results of operations, and therefore, are not classified as discontinued operations.