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INVESTMENTS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
INVESTMENTS | INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturities AFS The components of fair value and amortized cost for fixed maturities classified as AFS on the consolidated balance sheets excludes accrued interest receivable because the Company elected to present accrued interest receivable within other assets. Accrued interest receivable on AFS fixed maturities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $591 million and $506 million, respectively. There was no accrued interest written off for AFS fixed maturities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The following tables provide information relating to the Company’s fixed maturities classified as AFS. AFS Fixed Maturities by Classification
| Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
| (in millions)
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Maturities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate (1) | $ | 50,712 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  | $ | 7,206 |  |  | $ | 43,571 |
U.S. Treasury, government and agency | 7,054 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,218 |  |  | 5,837 |
States and political subdivisions | 609 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 527 |
Foreign governments | 985 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 836 |
Residential mortgage-backed (2) | 908 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 822 |
Asset-backed (3) | 8,859 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 373 |  |  | 8,490 |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 3,823 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 588 |  |  | 3,235 |
Redeemable preferred stock | 41 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 43 |
Total at December 31, 2022 | $ | 72,991 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | 9,712 |  |  | $ | 63,361 |
December 31, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Maturities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate (1) | $ | 50,172 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 2,601 |  |  | $ | 240 |  |  | $ | 52,511 |
U.S. Treasury, government and agency | 13,056 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,344 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 15,385 |
States and political subdivisions | 586 |  |  | — |  |  | 78 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 662 |
Foreign governments | 1,124 |  |  | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 1,152 |
Residential mortgage-backed (2) | 90 |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |
Asset-backed (3) | 5,933 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 5,934 |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 2,427 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 2,421 |
Redeemable preferred stock | 41 |  |  | — |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 53 |
Total at December 31, 2021 | $ | 73,429 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 5,125 |  |  | $ | 316 |  |  | $ | 78,216 |
______________ (1)Corporate fixed maturities include both public and private issues. (2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations. (3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types. The contractual maturities of AFS fixed maturities as of December 31, 2022 are shown in the table below. Bonds not due at a single maturity date have been included in the table in the final year of maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Contractual Maturities of AFS Fixed Maturities
| Amortized Cost (Less Allowance for Credit Losses) |  | Fair Value
| (in millions)
December 31, 2022 |  |  |
Contractual maturities: |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 1,858 |  |  | $ | 1,834 |
Due in years two through five | 15,031 |  |  | 14,222 |
Due in years six through ten | 16,281 |  |  | 14,433 |
Due after ten years | 26,166 |  |  | 20,282 |
Subtotal | 59,336 |  |  | 50,771 |
Residential mortgage-backed | 908 |  |  | 822 |
Asset-backed | 8,859 |  |  | 8,490 |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 3,823 |  |  | 3,235 |
Redeemable preferred stock | 41 |  |  | 43 |
Total at December 31, 2022 | $ | 72,967 |  |  | $ | 63,361 |
The following table shows proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) from sales and allowance for credit losses for AFS fixed maturities: Proceeds from Sales, Gross Gains (Losses) from Sales and Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell Losses for AFS Fixed Maturities
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
|  |  |  |  | (in millions) |  |
Proceeds from sales |  |  |  |  | $ | 11,932 |  |  | $ | 27,363 |  |  | $ | 12,903 |
Gross gains on sales |  |  |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 1,152 |  |  | $ | 862 |
Gross losses on sales |  |  |  |  | $ | (663) |  |  | $ | (195) |  |  | $ | (41) |
Net (increase) decrease in Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell losses (1) |  |  |  |  | $ | (247) |  |  | $ | (16) |  |  | $ | (13) |
______________ (1)Amounts as of year ended December 31, 2022 reflect an impairment on AFS Securities of $245 million related to the Global Atlantic Transaction. See Note 13 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the Global Atlantic Transaction. The following table sets forth the amount of credit loss impairments on AFS fixed maturities held by the Company at the dates indicated and the corresponding changes in such amounts. AFS Fixed Maturities - Credit and Intent to Sell Loss Impairments
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
|  |  |  |  | (in millions) |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  |  |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 21 |
Previously recognized impairments on securities that matured, paid, prepaid or sold |  |  |  |  | (263) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (2) |
Recognized impairments on securities impaired to fair value this period (1) (2) |  |  |  |  | 246 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Credit losses recognized this period on securities for which credit losses were not previously recognized |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | 6 |
Additional credit losses this period on securities previously impaired |  |  |  |  | 9 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 7 |
Increases due to passage of time on previously recorded credit losses |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Accretion of previously recognized impairments due to increases in expected cash flows (for OTTI securities 2019 and prior) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Balance at December 31, |  |  |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 32 |
______________ (1)Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost. (2)Amounts for year ended December 31, 2022 reflect an impairment on AFS Securities of $245 million related to the Global Atlantic Transaction. See Note 13 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the Global Atlantic Transaction. The tables that follow below present a roll-forward of net unrealized investment gains (losses) recognized in AOCI. Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on AFS Fixed Maturities
| Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments |  | DAC |  | Policyholders’ Liabilities |  | Deferred Income Tax Asset (Liability) |  | AOCI Gain (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
| (in millions)
Balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | 4,809 |  |  |  |  | $ | (169) |  |  | $ | (974) |  |  | $ | 3,666 |
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period | (15,275) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15,275) |
Reclassification adjustment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in net income (loss) | 867 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 867 |
Other (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,569) |  |  | (1,569) |
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) | — |  |  |  |  | 210 |  |  | 2,982 |  |  | 3,192 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses | (9,599) |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | 439 |  |  | (9,119) |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses | (7) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | (6) |
Balance, December 31, 2022 | $ | (9,606) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 440 |  |  | $ | (9,125) |
Balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | 8,811 |  |  | $ | (1,548) |  |  | $ | (1,065) |  |  | $ | (1,302) |  |  | $ | 4,896 |
Transition adjustment (3) | — |  |  | 1,548 |  |  | (77) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,471 |
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period | (3,122) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,122) |
Reclassification adjustment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in net income (loss) | (846) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (846) |
Other (2) | (33) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (33) |
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 973 |  |  | 328 |  |  | 1,301 |
| Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments |  | DAC |  | Policyholders’ Liabilities |  | Deferred Income Tax Asset (Liability) |  | AOCI Gain (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
| (in millions)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses | 4,810 |  |  | — |  |  | (169) |  |  | (974) |  |  | 3,667 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Balance, December 31, 2021 | $ | 4,809 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (169) |  |  | $ | (974) |  |  | $ | 3,666 |
Balance, January 1, 2020 | $ | 3,453 |  |  | $ | (894) |  |  | $ | (189) |  |  | $ | (497) |  |  | $ | 1,873 |
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period | 6,192 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,192 |
Reclassification adjustment: | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Included in net income (loss) | (828) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (828) |
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) | — |  |  | (655) |  |  | (877) |  |  | (806) |  |  | (2,338) |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses | 8,817 |  |  | (1,549) |  |  | (1,066) |  |  | (1,303) |  |  | 4,899 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses | (6) |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (3) |
Balance, December 31, 2020 | $ | 8,811 |  |  | $ | (1,548) |  |  | $ | (1,065) |  |  | $ | (1,302) |  |  | $ | 4,896 |
_____________ (1) Reflects a Deferred Tax Asset valuation allowance of $1.6 billion recorded during the fourth quarter of 2022. See Note 18 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. (2) Effective January 1, 2021, certain preferred stock have been reclassified to other equity investments. (3) Reflects transition adjustment of DAC and Policyholder Liabilities under the adoption of ASU 2018-12 effective January 1, 2021. The following tables disclose the fair values and gross unrealized losses of the 5,209 issues as of December 31, 2022 and the 2,060 issues as of December 31, 2021 that are not deemed to have credit losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the specified periods at the dates indicated. AFS Fixed Maturities in an Unrealized Loss Position for Which No Allowance Is Recorded
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
| (in millions)
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Maturities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate | $ | 24,580 |  |  | $ | 2,668 |  |  | $ | 16,534 |  |  | $ | 4,536 |  |  | $ | 41,114 |  |  | $ | 7,204 |
U.S. Treasury, government and agency | 5,564 |  |  | 1,200 |  |  | 204 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 5,768 |  |  | 1,218 |
States and political subdivisions | 130 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 64 |  |  | 303 |  |  | 89 |
Foreign governments | 349 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 417 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 766 |  |  | 151 |
Residential mortgage-backed | 671 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 754 |  |  | 87 |
Asset-backed | 6,298 |  |  | 230 |  |  | 1,765 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 8,063 |  |  | 373 |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 1,577 |  |  | 201 |  |  | 1,640 |  |  | 387 |  |  | 3,217 |  |  | 588 |
Total at December 31, 2022 | $ | 39,169 |  |  | $ | 4,415 |  |  | $ | 20,816 |  |  | $ | 5,295 |  |  | $ | 59,985 |  |  | $ | 9,710 |
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
| (in millions)
December 31, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Maturities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate | $ | 10,571 |  |  | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 1,633 |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 12,204 |  |  | $ | 238 |
U.S. Treasury, government and agency | 993 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 105 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1,098 |  |  | 15 |
States and political subdivisions | 120 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 131 |  |  | 2 |
Foreign governments | 349 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 441 |  |  | 14 |
Residential mortgage-backed | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Asset-backed | 3,865 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,903 |  |  | 20 |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 1,527 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 96 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1,623 |  |  | 25 |
Total at December 31, 2021 | $ | 17,425 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 1,975 |  |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 19,400 |  |  | $ | 314 |
The Company’s investments in fixed maturities do not include concentrations of credit risk of any single issuer greater than 10% of the consolidated equity of the Company, other than securities of the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, and certain securities guaranteed by the U.S. government. The Company maintains a diversified portfolio of corporate securities across industries and issuers and does not have exposure to any single issuer in excess of 0.8% of total corporate securities. The largest exposures to a single issuer of corporate securities held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $327 million and $322 million, respectively, representing 10.4% and 2.7% of the consolidated equity of the Company. Corporate high yield securities, consisting primarily of public high yield bonds, are classified as other than investment grade by the various rating agencies, i.e., a rating below Baa3/BBB- or the NAIC designation of 3 (medium investment grade), 4 or 5 (below investment grade) or 6 (in or near default). As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, approximately $2.9 billion and $2.9 billion, or 4.0% and 3.9%, of the $73.0 billion and $73.4 billion aggregate amortized cost of fixed maturities held by the Company were considered to be other than investment grade. These securities had gross unrealized losses of $208 million and $18 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the $5.3 billion and $91 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were primarily concentrated in corporate securities. In accordance with the policy described in Note 2 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company concluded that an adjustment to the allowance for credit losses for these securities was not warranted at either December 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not intend to sell the securities nor will it likely be required to dispose of the securities before the anticipated recovery of their remaining amortized cost basis. Based on the Company’s evaluation both qualitatively and quantitatively of the drivers of the decline in fair value of fixed maturity securities as of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that the unrealized loss was primarily due to increases in interest rates and credit spreads. Mortgage Loans on Real Estate Accrued interest receivable on commercial and agricultural mortgage loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $71 million and $57 million, respectively. There was no accrued interest written off for commercial and agricultural mortgage loans for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no loans for which foreclosure was probable included within the individually assessed mortgage loans, and accordingly had no associated allowance for credit losses. Allowance for Credit Losses on Mortgage Loans The change in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage loans and agricultural mortgage loans during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
|  |  | Year Ended December 31, |
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
|  |  |  |  | (in millions)
Allowance for credit losses on mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgages: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  |  |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |
Current-period provision for expected credit losses |  |  |  |  | 66 |  |  | (20) |  |  | 44 |  |
Write-offs charged against the allowance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Recoveries of amounts previously written off |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Net change in allowance |  |  |  |  | 66 |  |  | (20) |  |  | 44 |  |
Balance, end of period |  |  |  |  | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 77 |  |
Agricultural mortgages: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  |  |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |
Current-period provision for expected credit losses |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |
Write-offs charged against the allowance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Recoveries of amounts previously written off |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Net change in allowance |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |
Balance, end of period |  |  |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |
Total allowance for credit losses |  |  |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | 81 |  |
The change in the allowance for credit losses is attributable to: •increases/decreases in the loan balance due to new originations, maturing mortgages, and loan amortization; and •changes in credit quality and economic assumptions. Credit Quality Information The following tables summarize the Company’s mortgage loans segregated by risk rating exposure as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Loan to Value (“LTV”) Ratios (1)
| December 31, 2022
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
0% - 50% | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 119 |  |  | $ | 1,259 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,132 |
50% - 70% | 2,285 |  |  | 1,569 |  |  | 906 |  |  | 313 |  |  | 623 |  |  | 2,254 |  |  | 328 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,278 |
70% - 90% | 363 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 463 |  |  | 329 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | 3,342 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 233 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 268 |
Total commercial | $ | 3,272 |  |  | $ | 2,114 |  |  | $ | 1,369 |  |  | $ | 642 |  |  | $ | 1,201 |  |  | $ | 5,060 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 14,020 |
Agricultural: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| December 31, 2022
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
0% - 50% | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 228 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 725 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,559 |
50% - 70% | 190 |  |  | 185 |  |  | 222 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 267 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,015 |
70% - 90% | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total agricultural | $ | 353 |  |  | $ | 367 |  |  | $ | 450 |  |  | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | 215 |  |  | $ | 1,008 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,590 |
Total mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
0% - 50% | $ | 787 |  |  | $ | 312 |  |  | $ | 228 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 251 |  |  | $ | 1,984 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,691 |
50% - 70% | 2,475 |  |  | 1,754 |  |  | 1,128 |  |  | 381 |  |  | 706 |  |  | 2,521 |  |  | 328 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,293 |
70% - 90% | 363 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 463 |  |  | 329 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 1,330 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | 3,358 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 233 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 268 |
Total mortgage loans | $ | 3,625 |  |  | $ | 2,481 |  |  | $ | 1,819 |  |  | $ | 839 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 6,068 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 16,610 |
Debt Service Coverage Ratios (“DSC”) (2)
| December 31, 2022
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 771 |  |  | $ | 1,159 |  |  | $ | 1,113 |  |  | $ | 102 |  |  | $ | 571 |  |  | $ | 1,923 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,639 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 158 |  |  | 215 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 197 |  |  | 186 |  |  | 482 |  |  | 279 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,681 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 337 |  |  | 390 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 153 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 1,175 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,267 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 1,041 |  |  | 259 |  |  | — |  |  | 92 |  |  | 73 |  |  | 917 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,382 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 507 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 98 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 492 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 1,439 |
Less than 1.0x | 458 |  |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 71 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 612 |
Total commercial | $ | 3,272 |  |  | $ | 2,114 |  |  | $ | 1,369 |  |  | $ | 642 |  |  | $ | 1,201 |  |  | $ | 5,060 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 14,020 |
Agricultural: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 193 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 379 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 16 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 51 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 198 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 69 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 111 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 196 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 455 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 107 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 98 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 298 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 926 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 91 |  |  | 80 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 257 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 579 |
Less than 1.0x | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53 |
Total agricultural | $ | 353 |  |  | $ | 367 |  |  | $ | 450 |  |  | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | 215 |  |  | $ | 1,008 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,590 |
| December 31, 2022
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Total mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 822 |  |  | $ | 1,199 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | 583 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,018 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 174 |  |  | 273 |  |  | 199 |  |  | 221 |  |  | 200 |  |  | 533 |  |  | 279 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,879 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 406 |  |  | 432 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 1,371 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,722 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 1,148 |  |  | 406 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 190 |  |  | 172 |  |  | 1,215 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,308 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 598 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 121 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 220 |  |  | 749 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 2,018 |
Less than 1.0x | 477 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 84 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 665 |
Total mortgage loans | $ | 3,625 |  |  | $ | 2,481 |  |  | $ | 1,819 |  |  | $ | 839 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 6,068 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 16,610 |
______________ (1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan. (2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service. LTV Ratios (1)
| December 31, 2021
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
0% - 50% | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 184 |  |  | $ | 293 |  |  | $ | 1,009 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,486 |
50% - 70% | 1,944 |  |  | 1,286 |  |  | 339 |  |  | 619 |  |  | 491 |  |  | 2,533 |  |  | 139 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,351 |
70% - 90% | 190 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 412 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 276 |  |  | 972 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,501 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 73 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 113 |
Total commercial | $ | 2,134 |  |  | $ | 1,522 |  |  | $ | 751 |  |  | $ | 1,253 |  |  | $ | 1,065 |  |  | $ | 4,587 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,451 |
Agricultural: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
0% - 50% | $ | 180 |  |  | $ | 212 |  |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 119 |  |  | $ | 738 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,506 |
50% - 70% | 200 |  |  | 268 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 338 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,121 |
70% - 90% | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total agricultural | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 480 |  |  | $ | 230 |  |  | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 1,093 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,644 |
| December 31, 2021
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Total mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
0% - 50% | $ | 180 |  |  | $ | 212 |  |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | 313 |  |  | $ | 412 |  |  | $ | 1,747 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,992 |
50% - 70% | 2,144 |  |  | 1,554 |  |  | 441 |  |  | 745 |  |  | 578 |  |  | 2,871 |  |  | 139 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,472 |
70% - 90% | 190 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 412 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 276 |  |  | 989 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,518 |
90% plus | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 73 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 113 |
Total mortgage loans | $ | 2,514 |  |  | $ | 2,002 |  |  | $ | 981 |  |  | $ | 1,508 |  |  | $ | 1,271 |  |  | $ | 5,680 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,095 |
DSC Ratios (2)
| December 31, 2021
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 1,143 |  |  | $ | 1,243 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | 772 |  |  | $ | 485 |  |  | $ | 2,235 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,088 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 185 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 182 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 161 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 68 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,149 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 275 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 284 |  |  | 211 |  |  | 166 |  |  | 919 |  |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,952 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 264 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 701 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,489 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 267 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 88 |  |  | — |  |  | 287 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 665 |
Less than 1.0x | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | 73 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 108 |
Total commercial | $ | 2,134 |  |  | $ | 1,522 |  |  | $ | 751 |  |  | $ | 1,253 |  |  | $ | 1,065 |  |  | $ | 4,587 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,451 |
| December 31, 2021
| Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | Prior |  | Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis |  | Total
| (in millions)
Agricultural: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 394 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 52 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 70 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 43 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 193 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 440 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 161 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 112 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 355 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 995 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 75 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 77 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 226 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 546 |
Less than 1.0x | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 39 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57 |
Total agricultural | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 480 |  |  | $ | 230 |  |  | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 1,093 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,644 |
Total mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greater than 2.0x | $ | 1,192 |  |  | $ | 1,307 |  |  | $ | 235 |  |  | $ | 794 |  |  | $ | 509 |  |  | $ | 2,445 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,482 |
1.8x to 2.0x | 237 |  |  | 172 |  |  | 207 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 442 |  |  | 68 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,361 |
1.5x to 1.8x | 318 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 312 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 207 |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,392 |
1.2x to 1.5x | 425 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 217 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 1,056 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,484 |
1.0x to 1.2x | 342 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 513 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,211 |
Less than 1.0x | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 112 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |
Total mortgage loans | $ | 2,514 |  |  | $ | 2,002 |  |  | $ | 981 |  |  | $ | 1,508 |  |  | $ | 1,271 |  |  | $ | 5,680 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,095 |
______________ (1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan. (2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service. Past-Due and Nonaccrual Mortgage Loan Status The following table provides information relating to the aging analysis of past-due mortgage loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans (1)
| Accruing Loans |  | Non-accruing Loans |  | Total Loans |  | Non-accruing Loans with No Allowance |  | Interest Income on Non-accruing Loans
| Past Due |  | Current |  | Total |
| 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | 90 Days or More |  | Total
| (in millions)
December 31, 2022: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 13,964 |  |  | $ | 14,020 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,020 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural | 3 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 2,574 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 2,590 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 16,517 |  |  | $ | 16,594 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 16,610 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
| Accruing Loans |  | Non-accruing Loans |  | Total Loans |  | Non-accruing Loans with No Allowance |  | Interest Income on Non-accruing Loans
| Past Due |  | Current |  | Total |
| 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | 90 Days or More |  | Total
| (in millions)
December 31, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,451 |  |  | $ | 11,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 2,601 |  |  | 2,628 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 2,644 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 14,052 |  |  | $ | 14,079 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 14,095 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
_______________ (1)Amounts presented at amortized cost basis. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying values of problem mortgage loans that had been classified as non-accrual loans were $14 million and $14 million, respectively. The carrying values of those mortgage loans are presented net of an allowance of $2 million and $2 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Troubled Debt Restructuring During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company identified an immaterial amount of TDRs. Equity Securities The table below presents a breakdown of unrealized and realized gains and (losses) on equity securities during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Unrealized and Realized Gains (Losses) from Equity Securities
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |
|  |  |  | (in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period |  |  |  | $ | (114) |  |  | $ | (19) |  |
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period |  |  |  | (36) |  |  | 45 |  |
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on equity securities |  |  |  | $ | (150) |  |  | $ | 26 |  |
Trading Securities As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the fair value of the Company’s trading securities was $677 million and $631 million. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, trading securities included the General Account’s investment in Separate Accounts had carrying values of $39 million and $45 million. The table below shows a breakdown of net investment income (loss) from trading securities during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Net Investment Income (Loss) from Trading Securities
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
|  |  |  |  | (in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period |  |  |  |  | $ | (198) |  |  | $ | (274) |  |  | $ | 128 |
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 248 |  |  | 42 |
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on trading securities |  |  |  |  | (198) |  |  | (26) |  |  | 170 |
Interest and dividend income from trading securities |  |  |  |  | 29 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 217 |
Net investment income (loss) from trading securities |  |  |  |  | $ | (169) |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | 387 |
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option The table below shows a breakdown of net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Net Investment Income (Loss) from Fixed Maturities, at Fair Value using the Fair Value Option
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021
|  |  |  |  | (in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period |  |  |  |  | $ | (14) |  |  | $ | 12 |
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | 4 |
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) from fixed maturities |  |  |  |  | (12) |  |  | 16 |
Interest and dividend income from fixed maturities |  |  |  |  | 7 |  |  | 19 |
Net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities |  |  |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 35 |
Net Investment Income (Loss) The following table breaks out net investment income (loss) by asset category:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
| (in millions)
Fixed maturities | $ | 2,625 |  |  | $ | 2,440 |  |  | $ | 2,341 |
Mortgage loans on real estate | 587 |  |  | 546 |  |  | 516 |
Other equity investments | 134 |  |  | 609 |  |  | 67 |
Policy loans | 215 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 204 |
Trading securities | (169) |  |  | 73 |  |  | 387 |
Other investment income | 33 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 33 |
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option | (5) |  |  | 35 |  |  | 1 |
Gross investment income (loss) | 3,420 |  |  | 3,923 |  |  | 3,549 |
Investment expenses | (105) |  |  | (77) |  |  | (72) |
Net investment income (loss) | $ | 3,315 |  |  | $ | 3,846 |  |  | $ | 3,477 |
Investment Gains (Losses), Net Investment gains (losses), net, including changes in the valuation allowances and credit losses are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
| (in millions)
Fixed maturities | $ | (868) |  |  | $ | 847 |  |  | $ | 828 |
Mortgage loans on real estate | (66) |  |  | 19 |  |  | (45) |
Other equity investments (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |
Other | (11) |  |  | 2 |  |  | (69) |
Investment gains (losses), net | $ | (945) |  |  | $ | 868 |  |  | $ | 744 |
_____________ (1) Investment gains (losses), net of Other equity investments includes Real Estate Held for production during the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, investment results passed through to certain participating group annuity contracts as interest credited to policyholders’ account balances totaled $1 million, $2 million and $2 million.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2209399 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 946 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2324412 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2196928 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 940 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2176304 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-K (SK) -Number 229 -Section 1403 -Paragraph (b) + Details
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