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INVESTMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities by Classification
The following tables provide information relating to the Company’s fixed maturities classified as AFS:
AFS Fixed Maturities by Classification
 
Amortized CostAllowance for Credit Losses Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
 
 (in millions)
December 31, 2024
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate (1)$55,218 $2 $251 $6,116 $49,351 
 
Amortized CostAllowance for Credit Losses Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
 
 (in millions)
U.S. Treasury, government and agency
5,801   1,513 4,288 
States and political subdivisions472  2 88 386 
Foreign governments
689  1 136 554 
Residential mortgage-backed (2)4,520  15 152 4,383 
Asset-backed (3)13,660  96 57 13,699 
Commercial mortgage-backed4,301  5 385 3,921 
Redeemable preferred stock56  3  59 
Total at December 31, 2024$84,717 $2 $373 $8,447 $76,641 
December 31, 2023:
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate (1)
$49,786 $$320 $5,360 $44,742 
U.S. Treasury, government and agency
5,735 — 1,106 4,631 
States and political subdivisions
614 — 74 549 
Foreign governments
719 — 111 611 
Residential mortgage-backed (2)2,470 — 18 133 2,355 
Asset-backed (3)11,058 — 52 109 11,001 
Commercial mortgage-backed3,595 — 515 3,082 
Redeemable preferred stock 56 — — 59 
Total at December 31, 2023$74,033 $$409 $7,408 $67,030 
______________
(1)Corporate fixed maturities include both public and private issues.
(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.
(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.
Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
The contractual maturities of AFS fixed maturities as of December 31, 2024 are shown in the table below. Bonds not due at a single maturity date have been included in the table in the final year of maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or pre-pay obligations with or without call or pre-payment penalties.
Contractual Maturities of AFS Fixed Maturities
 Amortized Cost (Less Allowance for Credit Losses)Fair Value
 (in millions)
December 31, 2024
Contractual maturities:
Due in one year or less$2,625 $2,610 
Due in years two through five14,909 14,513 
Due in years six through ten20,137 19,034 
Due after ten years24,507 18,422 
Subtotal62,178 54,579 
Residential mortgage-backed4,520 4,383 
Asset-backed13,660 13,699 
Commercial mortgage-backed4,301 3,921 
Redeemable preferred stock 56 59 
Total at December 31, 2024$84,715 $76,641 
Schedule of Proceeds and Gains (Losses) on Sales for Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
The following table shows proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) from sales and allowance for credit losses for AFS fixed maturities:
Proceeds from Sales, Gross Gains (Losses) from Sales and Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell Losses for AFS Fixed Maturities

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
202420232022
 
(in millions)
Proceeds from sales$2,884 $6,790 $11,932 
Gross gains on sales$8 $10 $45 
Gross losses on sales$(57)$(504)$(663)
Net (increase) decrease in Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell losses $(7)$(70)$(247)
Schedule of Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Allowance for Credit Loss
The following table sets forth the amount of credit loss impairments on AFS fixed maturities held by the Company at the dates indicated and the corresponding changes in such amounts:
AFS Fixed Maturities - Credit and Intent to Sell Loss Impairments
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period$48 $36 $44 
Previously recognized impairments on securities that matured, paid, prepaid or sold(8)(67)(263)
Recognized impairments on securities impaired to fair value this period (1) (2) 52 246 
Credit losses recognized this period on securities for which credit losses were not previously recognized5 15 — 
Additional credit losses this period on securities previously impaired2 12 
Balance, end of period$47 $48 $36 
______________
(1)Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost.
(2)Amounts reflected for the year ended December 31, 2023 represent AFS fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position, which the Company intended to sell in anticipation of Equitable Financial’s ordinary dividend to Holdings. Amounts reflected for the year ended December 31, 2022 represent an impairment on AFS securities of $245 million related to the Global Atlantic Transaction.
Schedule of Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
The tables below present a roll-forward of net unrealized investment gains (losses) recognized in AOCI:
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on AFS Fixed Maturities
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on InvestmentsPolicyholders’ Liabilities
Deferred Income Tax Asset (Liability) (1)
AOCI Gain (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) (1)
(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period$(6,999)$50 $226 $(6,723)
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period(1,127)  (1,127)
Reclassification adjustment:
Included in net income (loss)58   58 
Other  17 17 
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) 21 220 241 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses(8,068)71 463 (7,534)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses(6) 1 (5)
Balance, end of period$(8,074)$71 $464 $(7,539)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Balance, beginning of period$(9,606)$41 $440 $(9,125)
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period2,048 — — 2,048 
Reclassification adjustment:
Included in net income (loss)563 — — 563 
Other (2)
— — 336 336 
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses)— (551)(542)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses(6,995)50 225 (6,720)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses(4)— (3)
Balance, end of period$(6,999)$50 $226 $(6,723)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Balance, beginning of period$4,809 $(169)$(974)$3,666 
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period(15,275)— — (15,275)
Reclassification adjustment:
Included in net income (loss)867 — — 867 
Other (2)
— — (1,569)(1,569)
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses)— 210 2,982 3,192 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses(9,599)41 439 (9,119)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses(7)— (6)
Balance, end of period$(9,606)$41 $440 $(9,125)
_____________
(1)Certain balances were revised from previously filed financial statements.
(2)For the year ended December 31, 2023, reflects a decrease in the Deferred Tax Asset valuation allowance. For the year ended December 31, 2022, reflects the recording of a Deferred Tax Asset valuation allowance of $1.6 billion during the fourth quarter. See Note 18 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Schedule of Continuous Gross Unrealized Losses for Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
The following tables disclose the fair values and gross unrealized losses of the 4,307 issues as of December 31, 2024 and the 4,402 issues as of December 31, 2023 that are not deemed to have credit losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the specified periods at the dates indicated:
AFS Fixed Maturities in an Unrealized Loss Position for Which No Allowance Is Recorded

Less Than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized Losses
(in millions)
December 31, 2024
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate$9,147 $205 $28,684 $5,901 $37,831 $6,106 
U.S. Treasury, government and agency117 4 4,107 1,509 4,224 1,513 
States and political subdivisions40  271 88 311 88 
Foreign governments59 1 460 135 519 136 
Residential mortgage-backed1,986 26 851 126 2,837 152 
Asset-backed974 7 692 50 1,666 57 
Commercial mortgage-backed409 6 2,893 379 3,302 385 
Total at December 31, 2024$12,732 $249 $37,958 $8,188 $50,690 $8,437 
December 31, 2023:
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate$2,228 $126 $33,135 $5,231 $35,363 $5,357 
U.S. Treasury, government and agency111 4,447 1,104 4,558 1,106 
States and political subdivisions10 — 300 74 310 74 
Foreign governments15 517 109 532 111 
Residential mortgage-backed210 1,044 131 1,254 133 
Asset-backed528 5,522 108 6,050 109 
Commercial mortgage-backed92 11 2,856 504 2,948 515 
Total at December 31, 2023$3,194 $144 $47,821 $7,261 $51,015 $7,405 
Schedule of Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss
The change in the allowance for credit losses for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses on mortgage loans:
Commercial mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period$272 $123 $57 
Current-period provision for expected credit losses62 149 66 
Write-offs charged against the allowance(75)— — 
Recoveries of amounts previously written off — — 
Net change in allowance(13)149 66 
Balance, end of period$259 $272 $123 
Agricultural mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period$6 $$
Current-period provision for expected credit losses9 — 
Write-offs charged against the allowance — — 
Recoveries of amounts previously written off — — 
Net change in allowance9 — 
Balance, end of period$15 $$
Residential mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period$1 $— $— 
Current-period provision for expected credit losses3 — 
Write-offs charged against the allowance — — 
Recoveries of amounts previously written off — — 
Net change in allowance3 — 
Balance, end of period$4 $$— 
Total allowance for credit losses$278 $279 $129 
Schedule of Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators
The Company’s commercial and agricultural mortgage loans segregated by risk rating exposure were as follows:
Loan to Value (“LTV”) Ratios (1) (3)
December 31, 2024
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
0% - 50%$185 $363 $137 $212 $269 $1,548 $ $ $2,714 
50% - 70%1,501 910 1,622 628 318 2,083 441 201 7,704 
70% - 90% 246 707 918 396 1,187 101 206 3,761 
90% plus  616 322 309 1,290   2,537 
Total commercial$1,686 $1,519 $3,082 $2,080 $1,292 $6,108 $542 $407 $16,716 
Agricultural:
0% - 50%$49 $98 $160 $202 $269 $882 $ $ $1,660 
50% - 70%160 59 126 130 144 273   892 
70% - 90%     16   16 
90% plus         
Total agricultural$209 $157 $286 $332 $413 $1,171 $ $ $2,568 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
0% - 50%$234 $461 $297 $414 $538 $2,430 $ $ $4,374 
50% - 70%1,661 969 1,748 758 462 2,356 441 201 8,596 
70% - 90% 246 707 918 396 1,203 101 206 3,777 
90% plus  616 322 309 1,290   2,537 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans
$1,895 $1,676 $3,368 $2,412 $1,705 $7,279 $542 $407 $19,284 
Debt Service Coverage (“DSC”) Ratios (2) (3)
December 31, 2024
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
Greater than 2.0x$208 $176 $609 $1,255 $916 $3,318 $ $ $6,482 
1.8x to 2.0x103 75 50 149 376 607 176 182 1,718 
1.5x to 1.8x472 211 727   1,060 44 189 2,703 
1.2x to 1.5x756 566 542 433  661   2,958 
1.0x to 1.2x147 482 643 193  359 322 36 2,182 
Less than 1.0x 9 511 50  103   673 
Total commercial$1,686 $1,519 $3,082 $2,080 $1,292 $6,108 $542 $407 $16,716 
Agricultural:
Greater than 2.0x$12 $5 $41 $34 $57 $157 $ $ $306 
1.8x to 2.0x11 17 24 54 28 79   213 
1.5x to 1.8x49 11 44 27 120 175   426 
1.2x to 1.5x47 46 89 138 113 422   855 
1.0x to 1.2x71 47 63 68 87 307   643 
Less than 1.0x19 31 25 11 8 31   125 
Total agricultural$209 $157 $286 $332 $413 $1,171 $ $ $2,568 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Greater than 2.0x$220 $181 $650 $1,289 $973 $3,475 $ $ $6,788 
1.8x to 2.0x114 92 74 203 404 686 176 182 1,931 
1.5x to 1.8x521 222 771 27 120 1,235 44 189 3,129 
1.2x to 1.5x803 612 631 571 113 1,083   3,813 
1.0x to 1.2x218 529 706 261 87 666 322 36 2,825 
Less than 1.0x19 40 536 61 8 134   798 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans
$1,895 $1,676 $3,368 $2,412 $1,705 $7,279 $542 $407 $19,284 
______________
(1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan.
(2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.
(3)Residential mortgage loans are excluded from the above tables.
LTV Ratios (1) (3)
December 31, 2023
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
0% - 50%$249 $164 $129 $35 $— $1,557 $— $— $2,134 
50% - 70%924 1,916 671 750 299 2,319 463 96 7,438 
70% - 90%308 1,197 1,236 523 245 1,384 37 35 4,965 
90% plus— — 66 54 92 858 — — 1,070 
Total commercial$1,481 $3,277 $2,102 $1,362 $636 $6,118 $500 $131 $15,607 
Agricultural:
0% - 50%$102 $162 $191 $235 $132 $802 $— $— $1,624 
50% - 70%60 146 152 201 58 288 — — 905 
70% - 90%— — — — — 16 — — 16 
90% plus— — — — — — — — — 
Total agricultural$162 $308 $343 $436 $190 $1,106 $— $— $2,545 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
0% - 50%$351 $326 $320 $270 $132 $2,359 $— $— $3,758 
50% - 70%984 2,062 823 951 357 2,607 463 96 8,343 
70% - 90%308 1,197 1,236 523 245 1,400 37 35 4,981 
90% plus— — 66 54 92 858 — — 1,070 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans
$1,643 $3,585 $2,445 $1,798 $826 $7,224 $500 $131 $18,152 

DSC Ratios (2) (3)
December 31, 2023
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
Greater than 2.0x$175 $693 $1,125 $1,135 $249 $3,273 $— $— $6,650 
1.8x to 2.0x— — 182 167 171 662 383 96 1,661 
1.5x to 1.8x80 1,060 234 — 162 924 — — 2,460 
1.2x to 1.5x690 687 457 — 11 838 41 — 2,724 
December 31, 2023
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
(in millions)
1.0x to 1.2x528 668 38 — 43 317 76 35 1,705 
Less than 1.0x169 66 60 — 104 — — 407 
Total commercial$1,481 $3,277 $2,102 $1,362 $636 $6,118 $500 $131 $15,607 
Agricultural:
Greater than 2.0x$$50 $36 $59 $20 $179 $— $— $351 
1.8x to 2.0x18 16 56 33 23 61 — — 207 
1.5x to 1.8x12 50 31 109 17 193 — — 412 
1.2x to 1.5x46 111 148 170 98 365 — — 938 
1.0x to 1.2x47 57 68 57 26 284 — — 539 
Less than 1.0x32 24 24 — — 98 
Total agricultural$162 $308 $343 $436 $190 $1,106 $— $— $2,545 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Greater than 2.0x$182 $743 $1,161 $1,194 $269 $3,452 $— $— $7,001 
1.8x to 2.0x18 16 238 200 194 723 383 96 1,868 
1.5x to 1.8x92 1,110 265 109 179 1,117 — — 2,872 
1.2x to 1.5x736 798 605 170 109 1,203 41 — 3,662 
1.0x to 1.2x575 725 106 57 69 601 76 35 2,244 
Less than 1.0x40 193 70 68 128 — — 505 
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans
$1,643 $3,585 $2,445 $1,798 $826 $7,224 $500 $131 $18,152 
______________
(1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan.
(2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.
(3)Residential mortgage loans are excluded from the above tables.
The amortized cost of residential mortgage loans by credit quality indicator and origination year was as follows:
December 31, 2024
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorTotal
(in millions)
Performance indicators:
Performing
$313 $428 $186 $133 $4 $2 $1,066 
Nonperforming
       
Total
$313 $428 $186 $133 $4 $2 $1,066 
December 31, 2023
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
Performance indicators:
Performing
$98 $121 $74 $$$$298 
Nonperforming
— — — — — — — 
Total
$98 $121 $74 $$$$298 
Schedule of Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans
The aging analysis of past-due mortgage loans were as follows:
Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans (1)
Accruing LoansNon-accruing LoansTotal LoansNon-accruing Loans with No AllowanceInterest Income on Non-accruing Loans
Past DueCurrentTotal
30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days or MoreTotal
(in millions)
December 31, 2024:
Mortgage loans:
Commercial$ $ $ $ $16,659 $16,659 $57 $16,716 $ $1 
Agricultural12 1 33 46 2,486 2,532 36 2,568   
Residential
 1  1 1,065 1,066  1,066   
Total$12 $2 $33 $47 $20,210 $20,257 $93 $20,350 $ $1 
December 31, 2023:
Mortgage loans:
Commercial$32 $— $— $32 $15,341 $15,373 $234 $15,607 $— $
Agricultural40 52 2,474 2,526 19 2,545 — — 
Residential
— — — — 298 298 — 298 — — 
Total$39 $$40 $84 $18,113 $18,197 $253 $18,450 $— $
______________
(1)Amounts presented at amortized cost basis.
Schedule of Unrealized and Realized Gains (Losses) from Equity Securities and Net Investment Income (Loss) from Trading Securities and Net Investment Income (Loss) from Fixed Maturities, at Fair Value using the Fair Value Option
The breakdown of unrealized and realized gains and (losses) on equity securities was as follows:
Unrealized and Realized Gains (Losses) from Equity Securities
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period$21 $35 $(114)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period (8)(36)
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on equity securities $21 $27 $(150)
The breakdown of net investment income (loss) from trading securities was as follows:
Net Investment Income (Loss) from Trading Securities
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period$86 $82 $(198)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period2 (5)— 
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on trading securities88 77 (198)
Interest and dividend income from trading securities71 33 29 
Net investment income (loss) from trading securities$159 $110 $(169)
The breakdown of net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option were as follows:
Net Investment Income (Loss) from Fixed Maturities, at Fair Value using the Fair Value Option
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period$6 $23 $(14)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period(18)(19)
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) from fixed maturities(12)(12)
Interest and dividend income from fixed maturities45 10 
Net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities$33 $14 $(5)
Schedule of Net Investment Income
The following table breaks out net investment income (loss) by asset category:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Fixed maturities$3,484 $3,107 $2,625 
Mortgage loans on real estate973 806 587 
Other equity investments138 77 134 
Policy loans225 216 215 
Trading securities159 110 (169)
Other investment income13 98 33 
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option
33 14 (5)
Gross investment income (loss)5,025 4,428 3,420 
Investment expenses(129)(108)(105)
Net investment income (loss)$4,896 $4,320 $3,315 
Schedule of Investment Gains (Losses), Net
Investment gains (losses), net, including changes in the valuation allowances and credit losses are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(in millions)
Fixed maturities$(58)$(563)$(868)
Mortgage loans on real estate(77)(151)(66)
Other equity investments
 — — 
Other2 (11)
Investment gains (losses), net$(133)$(713)$(945)