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Employee Benefits
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Employee Benefits EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Pension and other defined contribution retirement plan expenses included the following components:
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)U.S. Plans
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation(2)
$6 $6 $17 $19 
Expected return on plan assets(2)
(6)(7)(18)(23)
Net amortization and deferrals(2)
1 — 3 1 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost$1 $(1)$2 $(3)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)Non-U.S. Plans
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Service cost for benefits earned(1)
$6 $5 $18 $15 
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation(2)
9 9 27 27 
Expected return on plan assets(2)
(13)(11)(38)(34)
Net amortization and deferrals(2)
2 — 5 (1)
Net periodic benefit (income) cost$4 $3 $12 $7 
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(1)Included as a component of Operating profit.
(2)Included as a component of Other expense (income), net.
The Company expects to contribute a total of $5 million to its U.S. pension plans and a total of $23 million to its non-U.S. pension plans during 2024. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $1 million of contributions were made to the qualified U.S. pension plans, $14 million of contributions were made to the non-U.S. pension plans and $3 million of contributions were made with respect to the Company’s non-qualified U.S. pension plan.
(Income) expense recognized for post-retirement benefits other than pensions included the following components:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)2024202320242023
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation$1 $— $2 $2 
Net amortization and deferrals(1)(1)(2)(4)
Total postretirement benefit (income) expense$— $(1)$— $(2)
The Company expects to make $4 million of payments related to its postretirement benefits other than pension plans during 2024. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $2 million of benefit payments were made.