GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

The change in the carrying amount of goodwill is as follows (in thousands):


	NAST		Global Forwarding		All Other and Corporate		Total
December 31, 2021 balance	$	1,196,333	$	210,391	$	78,030	$	1,484,754

Foreign currency translation	(8,257)		(4,202)		(1,482)		(13,941)
December 31, 2022 balance	1,188,076		206,189		76,548		1,470,813
Foreign currency translation	737		1,410		640		2,787
December 31, 2023 balance	$	1,188,813	$	207,599	$	77,188	$	1,473,600

Goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment on November 30, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset might be impaired. We first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of our reporting units is less than their respective carrying value (“Step Zero Analysis”). If the Step Zero Analysis indicates it is more likely than not the fair value of our reporting units is less than their respective carrying value, an additional impairment assessment is performed (“Step One Analysis”).

As part of our 2023 annual impairment testing performed, we elected to bypass the Step Zero Analysis and perform a Step One Analysis on all of our reporting units. There were not factors present for any reporting units, other than Europe Surface Transportation, indicating it was more likely than not the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its respective carrying value. Consistent with our 2022 annual impairment test, certain qualitative factors were present and the performance of our Europe Surface Transportation unit indicated the fair value may not exceed its carrying value requiring a Step One Analysis. The results of our Step One Analysis indicated the fair value of our NAST, Global Forwarding, Robinson Fresh, and Managed Services reporting units significantly exceeded their respective carrying values and the risk of goodwill impairment was remote. The fair value of our Europe Surface Transportation reporting unit also exceeded its carrying value with greater than 30 percent cushion, and as such, the goodwill balance was not impaired.

No goodwill or intangible asset impairment has been recorded in any previous or current period presented. Identifiable intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31 (in thousands):


	2023						2022
	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Finite-lived intangibles
Customer relationships	$	93,499	$	(58,437)	$	35,062	$	162,358	$	(106,932)	$	55,426


Indefinite-lived intangibles
Trademarks	8,600		—		8,600		8,600		—		8,600
Total intangibles	$	102,099	$	(58,437)	$	43,662	$	170,958	$	(106,932)	$	64,026

Amortization expense for other intangible assets was (in thousands):


2023	$	20,613
2022	23,445
2021	25,494

Finite-lived intangible assets, by reportable segment, as of December 31, 2023, will be amortized over their remaining lives as follows (in thousands):


	NAST		Global Forwarding		All Other and Corporate		Total
2024	$	8,008	$	3,594	$	1,111	$	12,713
2025	7,857		2,351		1,111		11,319
2026	7,857		383		760		9,000
2027	1,310		—		509		1,819
2028	—		—		211		211
Total							$	35,062