<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2025 Workiva-->
<!--r:00f83015-9d2f-44d1-8064-44da4eeb9135,g:cbe557d8-aadc-46ec-afdd-237748af31f3-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#all"/>
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#hypercube-dimension"/>
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#dimension-default"/>
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#dimension-domain"/>
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#domain-member"/>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/IndividualsOnly" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#IndividualsOnly"/>
  <link:definitionLink xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/IndividualsOnly" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllIndividualsMember"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_DavidP.BozemanMember_75be65b5-db84-4584-8e9d-546db460386c" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_DavidP.BozemanMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_DavidP.BozemanMember_75be65b5-db84-4584-8e9d-546db460386c" xlink:type="arc" order="2"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_ScottP.AndersonMember_71c0081c-8ed1-4161-9dfc-093e5cbca4dd" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_ScottP.AndersonMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_ScottP.AndersonMember_71c0081c-8ed1-4161-9dfc-093e5cbca4dd" xlink:type="arc" order="3"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_RobertC.BiesterfeldJr.Member_428ee6cb-2936-4403-b00c-1379ee910457" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_RobertC.BiesterfeldJr.Member"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_RobertC.BiesterfeldJr.Member_428ee6cb-2936-4403-b00c-1379ee910457" xlink:type="arc" order="4"/>
  </link:definitionLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpAdjustmentsOnly" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpAdjustmentsOnly"/>
  <link:definitionLink xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpAdjustmentsOnly" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllAdjToCompMember"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_ValueOfAwardsAdjustmentMember_8c2a962b-2387-40d7-9d83-cb3dba58f212" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_ValueOfAwardsAdjustmentMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_ValueOfAwardsAdjustmentMember_8c2a962b-2387-40d7-9d83-cb3dba58f212" xlink:type="arc" order="4"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_StockAwardsUnvestedAdjustmentMember_6bf3edc3-8570-4231-8ed3-bca6bca8c6eb" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_StockAwardsUnvestedAdjustmentMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_StockAwardsUnvestedAdjustmentMember_6bf3edc3-8570-4231-8ed3-bca6bca8c6eb" xlink:type="arc" order="5"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_StockAwardsVestedAdjustmentMember_692c64a1-3d84-468f-845e-2a1d457cb0be" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_StockAwardsVestedAdjustmentMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_StockAwardsVestedAdjustmentMember_692c64a1-3d84-468f-845e-2a1d457cb0be" xlink:type="arc" order="6"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsReportedValueMember_2d8ab051-260a-4d9a-96be-7636fd6437c0" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_EquityAwardsReportedValueMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsReportedValueMember_2d8ab051-260a-4d9a-96be-7636fd6437c0" xlink:type="arc" order="7"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsVestedMember_0ec20fbf-1af1-427f-bba1-782877a20e38" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsVestedMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsVestedMember_0ec20fbf-1af1-427f-bba1-782877a20e38" xlink:type="arc" order="8"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsUnvestedMember_fc7aa0f2-6924-43c1-9f80-940d72e94275" xlink:href="chrw-20250324.xsd#chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsUnvestedMember"/>
    <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_chrw_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsUnvestedMember_fc7aa0f2-6924-43c1-9f80-940d72e94275" xlink:type="arc" order="9"/>
  </link:definitionLink>
</link:linkbase>
