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Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | 3 Months Ended
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Jul. 30, 2022
Organization and Significant Accounting Policies |
Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | AeroVironment, Inc. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financia l Statements (Unaudited) ​ 1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies ​ Organization ​ AeroVironment, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), is engaged in the design, development, production, delivery and support of a technologically advanced portfolio of intelligent, multi-domain robotic systems and related services for government agencies and businesses. AeroVironment, Inc. supplies unmanned aircraft systems (“UAS”), tactical missile systems (“TMS”), unmanned ground vehicles (“UGV”) and related services primarily to organizations within the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) and to international allied governments. ​ Basis of Presentation ​ The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions of Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation with respect to the interim financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended July 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year ending April 30, 2023. For further information, refer to the condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto for the year ended April 30, 2022, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. ​ The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, including estimates of anticipated contract costs and revenue utilized in the revenue recognition process, that affect the reported amounts in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. ​ The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and operating results of wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. ​ On May 3, 2021, the Company closed its acquisition of Telerob Gesellschaft für Fernhantierungstechnik mbH, a German company based in Ostfildern (near Stuttgart), Germany (“Telerob GmbH”), including Telerob GmbH’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Telerob USA, Inc. (“Telerob USA,” and collectively with Telerob GmbH, “Telerob”) pursuant to its previously announced Share Purchase Agreement (the “Telerob Purchase Agreement”) with Unmanned Systems Investments GmbH, a German limited liability company incorporated under the laws of Germany (the “Telerob Seller”), and each of the unit holders of the Seller, to purchase 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Telerob Seller’s wholly-owned subsidiary Telerob GmbH (the “Telerob Acquisition”). The assets, liabilities and operating results of Telerob GmbH have been included in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 18—Business Acquisitions for further details. ​ On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Sale and Purchase Agreement with Toygun Savunma Sanayi ve Havacilik Anonim Sirketi (“Toygun”) whereby the Company sold 35% of the common shares of Altoy to Toygun. As a result of the sale, the Company decreased its interest in Altoy from 85% to 50%. The Company is considered to still have control of Altoy and therefore consolidates Altoy into the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of July 30, 2022. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company is expected to sell additional shares to Toygun during the fiscal year ending April 30, 2023 at which point the Company is expected to no longer control, and therefore, expected to no longer consolidate Altoy in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. At that time, the Company is expected to account for its investment in Altoy as an equity method investment and record its proportion of any gains or losses of Altoy in equity method investments, net of tax. ​ Recently Adopted Accounting Standards ​ In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”). ASU 2021-08 requires an acquirer to apply the guidance in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination, rather than using fair value. On May 1, 2022, the Company early adopted ASU 2021-08. ASU 2021-08 is adopted prospectively and could impact future acquisitions. ​ Revenue Recognition ​ The Company’s revenue is generated pursuant to written contractual arrangements to design, develop, manufacture and/or modify complex products and to provide related engineering, technical and other services according to the specifications of the customers. These contracts may be firm fixed price (“FFP”), cost plus fixed fee (“CPFF”), or time and materials (“T&M”). The Company considers all such contracts to be within the scope of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). ​ Performance Obligations ​ A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer distinct goods or services to a customer, and it is the unit of account in ASC 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized when each performance obligation under the terms of a contract is satisfied. Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using its observable standalone selling price for products and services. When the standalone selling price is not directly observable, the Company uses its best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract using the cost plus margin approach. This approach estimates the Company’s expected costs of satisfying the performance obligation and then adds an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service. ​ Contract modifications are routine in the performance of the Company’s contracts. In most instances, contract modifications are for additional goods and/or services that are distinct and, therefore, accounted for as new contracts. ​ The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied over time or at a point in time. Performance obligations are satisfied over time if the customer receives the benefits as the Company performs, if the customer controls the asset as it is being developed or produced, or if the product being produced for the customer has no alternative use and the Company has a contractual right to payment for the Company’s costs incurred to date plus a reasonable margin. The contractual right to payment is generally supported by termination for convenience clauses that allow the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, pay the Company for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit, and take control of any work in process. Revenue for TMS product deliveries and Customer-Funded Research and Development contracts is recognized over time as costs are incurred. Contract services revenue is composed of revenue recognized on contracts for the provision of services, including repairs and maintenance, training, engineering design, development and prototyping activities, and technical support services. Contract services revenue is recognized over time as services are rendered. Typically, revenue is recognized over time using an input measure (e.g., costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion) to measure progress. Contract services revenue, including revenue from intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (“ISR”) services, is recognized over time as services are rendered. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company elected the right to invoice practical expedient in which if an entity has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the entity’s performance completed to date, such as flight hours for ISR services, the entity may recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice. Training services are recognized over time using an output method based on days of training completed. ​ For performance obligations satisfied over time, revenue is generally recognized using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress. Incurred costs represent work performed, which correspond with, and thereby best depict, transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, materials, subcontractors’ costs, other direct costs, and indirect costs applicable on government and commercial contracts. ​ For performance obligations which are not satisfied over time per the aforementioned criteria above, revenue is recognized at the point in time in which each performance obligation is fully satisfied. The Company’s small UAS, medium UAS (“MUAS”) and UGV product sales revenue is composed of revenue recognized on contracts for the delivery of small UAS, MUAS and UGV systems and spare parts, respectively. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when control transfers to the customer, which generally occurs when title and risk of loss have passed to the customer. Performance obligations satisfied over time accounted for 60% and 61% of revenue during the three months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively. Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time accounted for 40% and 39% of revenue during the three months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively. ​ On July 30, 2022, the Company had approximately $203,877,000 of remaining performance obligations under fully funded contracts with its customers, which the Company also refers to as funded backlog. The Company currently expects to recognize approximately 88% of the remaining performance obligations as revenue in fiscal 2023 and the remaining 12% in fiscal 2024. ​ The Company collects sales, value added, and other taxes concurrent with revenue producing activities, which are excluded from revenue when they are both imposed on a specific transaction and collected from a customer. ​ Contract Estimates ​ Accounting for contracts and programs primarily with a duration of less than six months involves the use of various techniques to estimate total contract revenue and costs. For long-term contracts, the Company estimates the total expected costs to complete the contract and recognizes revenue based on the percentage of costs incurred at period end. Typically, revenue is recognized over time using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying the Company’s performance obligations. Incurred costs represent work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, materials, subcontractors’ costs, other direct costs, and indirect costs applicable on government and commercial contracts. ​ Contract estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that may span several years. These assumptions include labor productivity and availability, the complexity of the work to be performed, the cost and availability of materials, the performance of subcontractors, and the availability and timing of funding from the customer. ​ The nature of the Company’s contracts gives rise to several types of variable consideration, including penalty fees and incentive awards generally for late delivery and early delivery, respectively. The Company generally estimates such variable consideration as the most likely amount. In addition, the Company includes the estimated variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the related uncertainty is resolved. These estimates are based on historical award experience, anticipated performance and the Company’s best judgment at the time. Based on experience in estimating these amounts, they are included in the transaction price of the Company’s contracts and the associated remaining performance obligations. ​ As a significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of the Company’s contracts, the Company regularly reviews and updates its contract-related estimates. Changes in cumulative revenue estimates, due to changes in the estimated transaction price or cost estimates, are recorded using a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period identified for contracts with performance obligations recognized over time. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, the Company recognizes the total loss in the quarter it is identified, and it is recorded in other current liabilities. ​ The impact of adjustments in contract estimates on the Company’s operating earnings can be reflected in either operating costs and expenses, or revenue. The aggregate impact of adjustments in contract estimates on revenue related to performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was not significant for the three month periods ended July 30, 2022 or the three month period ended July 31, 2021. During the three months ended July 30, 2022, the Company revised its estimates of the total expected costs to complete a TMS variant contract. The aggregate impact of these adjustments in contract estimates on revenue related to performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was a decrease to revenue of approximately $1,146,000. No adjustment on any one contract was material to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three month ended July 31, 2021. ​ Revenue by Category ​ The following tables present the Company’s revenue disaggregated by major product line, contract type, customer category and geographic location (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended | ​
​ |  | July 30, | ​ | July 31, | ​
Revenue by segment |  | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
Small UAS | ​ | $ | 43,256 | ​ | $ | 39,924 | ​
TMS | ​ | ​ | 23,011 | ​ | ​ | 19,176 | ​
MUAS | ​ | ​ | 19,262 | ​ | ​ | 22,379 | ​
HAPS | ​ | ​ | 10,215 | ​ | ​ | 10,352 | ​
All Other | ​ |  | 12,772 | ​ |  | 9,178 | ​
Total revenue | ​ | $ | 108,516 | ​ | $ | 101,009 | ​
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​
​ |  | July 30, | ​ | July 31, | ​
Revenue by contract type | ​ | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
FFP | ​ | $ | 80,829 | ​ | $ | 80,766 | ​
CPFF | ​ | ​ | 26,456 | ​ | ​ | 19,117 | ​
T&M |  |  | 1,231 | ​ |  | 1,126 | ​
Total revenue | ​ | $ | 108,516 | ​ | $ | 101,009 | ​
​ Each of these contract types presents advantages and disadvantages. Typically, the Company assumes more risk with FFP contracts. However, these types of contracts generally offer additional profits when the Company completes the work for less than originally estimated. CPFF contracts generally subject the Company to lower risk. Accordingly, the associated base fees are usually lower than fees on FFP contracts. Under T&M contracts, the Company’s profit may vary if actual labor hour rates vary significantly from the negotiated rates. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​
​ |  | July 30, | ​ | July 31, | ​
Revenue by customer category | ​ | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
U.S. government | ​ | $ | 67,299 | ​ | $ | 71,075 | ​
Non-U.S. government | ​ | ​ | 41,217 | ​ | ​ | 29,934 | ​
Total revenue | ​ | $ | 108,516 | ​ | $ | 101,009 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​
​ | ​ | July 30, | ​ | July 31, | ​
Revenue by geographic location | ​ | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
Domestic | ​ | $ | 50,103 | ​ | $ | 68,388 | ​
International | ​ | ​ | 58,413 | ​ | ​ | 32,621 | ​
Total revenue | ​ | $ | 108,516 | ​ | $ | 101,009 | ​
​ Contract Balances ​ The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and customer advances and deposits on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. In the Company’s services contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals, which is generally monthly, or upon the achievement of contractual milestones. Generally, billing occurs subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in contract assets recorded in unbilled receivables and retentions on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. However, the Company sometimes receives advances or deposits from its customers before revenue is recognized, resulting in contract liabilities recorded in customer advances on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities are not a significant financing component as they are generally utilized to pay for contract costs within a one-year period or are used to ensure the customer meets contractual requirements. These assets and liabilities are reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. For the Company’s product revenue, the Company generally receives cash payments subsequent to satisfying the performance obligation via delivery of the product, resulting in billed accounts receivable. Changes in the contract asset and liability balances during the three month period ended July 30, 2022 were not materially impacted by any other factors. For the Company’s contracts, there are no significant gaps between the receipt of payment and the transfer of the associated goods and services to the customer for material amounts of consideration. ​ Revenue recognized for the three month periods ended July 30, 2022 that was included in contract liability balances as of April 30, 2022 was $1,925,000, and revenue recognized for the three month periods ended July 31, 2021 that was included in contract liability balances as of April 30, 2021 was $309,000. ​ Segments ​ Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. As of July 30, 2022, the Company’s CODM, the Chief Executive Officer, makes operating decisions, assesses performance and makes resource allocation decisions, including the allocation for research and development (“R&D”). Accordingly, the Company identifies four reportable segments. Refer to Note 20—Segments for further details. ​ Investments ​ The Company’s investments are accounted for as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of deferred income taxes for available-for-sale investments. Gains and losses realized on the disposition of investment securities are determined on the specific identification basis and credited or charged to income. Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. ​ Fair Values of Financial Instruments ​ Fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, unbilled receivables and retentions, and accounts payable approximate cost due to the short period of time to maturity. ​ Government Contracts ​ Payments to the Company on government CPFF or T&M contracts are based on provisional, or estimated indirect rates, which are subject to an annual audit by the Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”). The cost audits result in the negotiation and determination of the final indirect cost rates that the Company may use for the period(s) audited. The final rates, if different from the provisional rates, may create an additional receivable or liability for the Company for CPFF and T&M contracts. ​ For example, during the course of its audits, the DCAA may question the Company’s incurred costs, and if the DCAA believes the Company has accounted for such costs in a manner inconsistent with the requirements under Federal Acquisition Regulations, the DCAA auditor may recommend to the Company’s administrative contracting officer to disallow such costs. Historically, the Company has not experienced material disallowed costs as a result of government audits. However, the Company can provide no assurance that the DCAA or other government audits will not result in material disallowances for incurred costs in the future. The Company’s revenue recognition policy calls for revenue recognized on all cost reimbursable government contracts to be recorded at actual rates unless collectability is not reasonably assured. At July 30, 2022 and April 30, 2022, the Company had no reserve for incurred cost claim audits. ​ Loss Per Share ​ Basic loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, excluding shares of unvested restricted stock. ​ The reconciliation of basic to diluted shares is as follows (in thousands except share data): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Three Months Ended |
​ |  | July 30, 2022 |  | July 31, 2021 |
Net loss attributable to AeroVironment, Inc. | ​ | $ | (8,395) | ​ | $ | (13,981) | ​
Denominator for basic loss per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Weighted average common shares |  | ​ | 24,804,232 |  | ​ | 24,620,180 | ​
Dilutive effect of employee stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | — | ​
Denominator for diluted loss per share | ​ | ​ | 24,804,232 | ​ | ​ | 24,620,180 | ​
​ Due to the net loss for the three months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, no shares reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options or shares of unvested restricted stock were included in the computation of diluted loss per share as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive shares not included in the computation of diluted weighted-average common shares because their effect would have been anti-dilutive were 164,312 and 279,978 for the three months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively. ​ Recently Issued Accounting Standards ​ No recently issued accounting standards expected to impact the Company.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 205 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122149 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2197479 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 + Details
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