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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESUnder the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies also can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. While we have not historically delayed the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards would apply to private companies, we have elected to take advantage of this extended transition period and, as a result, our operating results and financial statements in the future may not be comparable to the operating results and financial statements of companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards. Accounting Principles—The financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP). Use of Estimates—The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, useful lives of property and equipment, valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, stock-based compensation, common stock valuation, operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities, capitalization of internally developed software and associated useful lives and contingent liabilities. Actual results may differ materially from such estimates. Management believes that the estimates, and judgments upon which they rely, are reasonable based upon information available to them at the time that these estimates and judgments are made. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be affected. Deferred Offering Costs—Deferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, accounting, and consulting fees relating to the Initial Public Offering (“IPO”), will be capitalized. The deferred offering costs will be offset against IPO proceeds upon the consummation of the IPO. In the event the planned IPO is terminated, the deferred offering costs will be expensed. There were no deferred offering costs recorded as of December 31, 2020. As of June 30, 2021, there was $2,627 of deferred offering costs recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet, of which $1,076 had not been paid. Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash consists primarily of cash on hand and bank deposits. Cash equivalents consist primarily of money market accounts with maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition and are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company maintains cash deposits with financial institutions that may exceed federally insured limits at times. The following table shows the breakout between cash and money market funds.
| June 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Cash | $ | 10,571 |  |  | $ | 20,428 |
Money market funds | 104,065 |  |  | 100,062 |
Total | $ | 114,636 |  |  | $ | 120,490 |
The Money market funds are considered Level 1 financial assets. Level 1 financial assets use inputs that are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date. Advertising Costs— Advertising costs were approximately $7,685 and $19,751 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and $6,460 and $10,495 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and are included within Sales and marketing in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Income Taxes—The Company’s period provision for income taxes is computed by using an estimate of the annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items taken into account in the relevant period, if any. Each quarter, the annual effective income tax rate is recomputed and if there are material changes in the estimate, a cumulative adjustment is made. Contributors—On March 10, 2021, the Company announced that it was ending its non-employee volunteer program, which began in 2013 to build and improve language courses. As part of this change, those contributors who participated in the program became eligible to receive a one-time award, up to an aggregate amount of approximately $5,098, including fees paid to process payments of approximately $526. The Company accounted for this under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codifications (“ASC”) 958-720, Not-For-Profit Entities - Other Expenses and ASC 720-25, Contributions Made, based on the nature of this contribution, which is an unconditional promise. The Company recorded the initial charge during the three months ended March 31, 2021, which is when the Company made the unconditional promise to pay. During the three months ended June 30, 2021 the amount previously reserved was reduced by $878 to reflect those awards that were not claimed, resulting in a reduction of the expense, bringing the total amount to $4,220. Of that amount, $577 is expected to be paid out in the three months ended September 30, 2021. This amount is included within Sales and marketing in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Concentration of Credit Risk—The Company’s concentration of credit risk relates to financial institutions holding the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and platforms with significant accounts receivable balances and revenue transactions. The Company maintains cash deposits with financial institutions that may exceed federally insured limits at times. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s deposits are financially credit worthy and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to those balances. The majority of our revenue comes through our subscriptions and advertising streams and payments are made to Duolingo through service providers. The top two, Apple and Google, accounted for 66.4% and 18.3% of total accounts receivable as of June 30, 2021, respectively. The top three service providers, Apple, Google and Stripe, accounted for 47.8%, 28.9% and 13.8% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020, respectively. Apple, Google, and Stripe, processed 51.6%, 29.3% and 10.3% and 50.9%, 28.8%, and 10.3% of total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. Three service providers, Apple, Google, and Stripe, processed 50.0%, 26.5%, and 10.1% of total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Two services providers, Apple and Google, processed 52.1% and 27.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2020. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract (ASU 2018-15). ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2021 and it did not have a material impact on its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures upon adoption. Recently Issued Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and by clarifying and amending existing guidance in order to improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that ASU 2019-12 will have on its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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