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INCOME TAXES | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
INCOME TAXES | INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes, by tax jurisdiction, consisted of the following for the fiscal years ended June 30:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Current |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 153 |  |  | $ | 71 |  |  | $ | 146 |
State | 33 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 26 |
Foreign | 40 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 41 |
Total current | $ | 226 |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 213 |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (120) |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | (26) |
State | (28) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (9) |
Foreign | (1) |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |
Total deferred | (149) |  |  | 5 |  |  | (32) |
Total | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 136 |  |  | $ | 181 |
The components of Earnings before income taxes, by tax jurisdiction, consisted of the following for the fiscal years ended June 30:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 483 |  |  | $ | 696 |
Foreign | 84 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 204 |
Total | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 607 |  |  | $ | 900 |
A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate on operations follows for the fiscal years ended June 30:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Statutory federal tax rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State taxes (net of federal tax benefits) | 1.6 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 1.5 |
Foreign tax rate differential | 8.6 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 0.2 |
Federal excess tax benefits | (1.8) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | (2.7) |
Net U.S. tax on foreign income | (2.3) |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | (0.5) |
VMS goodwill impairment | 8.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Federal research and development credits | (2.7) |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | (0.4) |
Other differences | (0.6) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 1.0 |
Effective tax rate | 32.4 | % |  | 22.4 | % |  | 20.1 | %
The Inflation Reduction Act (the “Act”) was signed into law on August 16, 2022. The Act introduces a new 15% corporate minimum tax for certain large corporations that becomes effective at the beginning of the Company’s fiscal 2024 and it imposes a 1% excise tax on the value of share repurchases, net of new share issuances, after December 31, 2022. These provisions, as well as the other corporate tax changes included in the Act, are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Per U.S. GAAP, foreign withholding taxes are provided on unremitted foreign earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested at the time the earnings are generated. The Company regularly reviews and assesses whether there are any changes to its indefinite reinvestment assertion. None of the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries were indefinitely reinvested. As a result, the Company is providing foreign withholding taxes on the undistributed earnings of all foreign subsidiaries where applicable. These withholding taxes had no significant impact on the Company’s consolidated results. The components of net deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of June 30 are shown below:
| 2023 |  | 2022
Deferred tax assets |  |  |
Compensation and benefit programs | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | 100 |
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards | 94 |  |  | 93 |
Operating and finance lease liabilities | 104 |  |  | 98 |
Accruals and reserves | 46 |  |  | 35 |
Capitalized research and development | 34 |  |  | — |
Inventory costs | 32 |  |  | 25 |
Other | 34 |  |  | 32 |
Subtotal | 467 |  |  | 383 |
Valuation allowance | (59) |  |  | (52) |
Total deferred tax assets | $ | 408 |  |  | $ | 331 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |
Fixed and intangible assets | $ | (157) |  |  | $ | (242) |
Lease right-of-use assets | (96) |  |  | (91) |
Other | (36) |  |  | (29) |
Total deferred tax liabilities | (289) |  |  | (362) |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | 119 |  |  | $ | (31) |
The net deferred tax assets and liabilities included in the consolidated balance sheet at June 30 were as follows:
Net deferred tax assets (1) | $ | 147 |  |  | $ | 35 |
Net deferred tax liabilities | (28) |  |  | (66) |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | 119 |  |  | $ | (31) |
(1)Net deferred tax assets are recorded in Other assets. The Company reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability on a quarterly basis. A valuation allowance is established when the Company believes that it is more likely than not that some portion of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Valuation allowances have been provided to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts considered recoverable. Details of the valuation allowance were as follows as of June 30:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Valuation allowance at beginning of year | $ | (52) |  |  | $ | (42) |  |  | $ | (38) |
Net decrease/(increase) for other foreign deferred tax assets | (1) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |
Net decrease/(increase) for foreign and U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits | (6) |  |  | (9) |  |  | (3) |
Valuation allowance at end of year | $ | (59) |  |  | $ | (52) |  |  | $ | (42) |
As of June 30, 2023, the Company had foreign tax credit carryforwards of $18 for U.S. income tax purposes with expiration dates between fiscal years 2026 and 2033. Tax credit carryforwards in U.S. jurisdictions of $5 have expiration dates between fiscal year 2024 and 2033. Tax credit carryforwards in U.S. jurisdictions of $2 can be carried forward indefinitely. Tax credit carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions of $29 can be carried forward indefinitely. Tax benefits from net operating loss carryforwards in U.S. jurisdictions of $4 have expiration dates between fiscal years 2030 and 2042. Tax benefits from net operating loss carryforwards in U.S. jurisdictions of $6 can be carried forward indefinitely. Tax benefits from foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $21 have expiration dates between fiscal years 2024 and 2040. Tax benefits from foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $9 can be carried forward indefinitely. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The federal statute of limitations has expired for all tax years through June 30, 2015. Various income tax returns in state and foreign jurisdictions are currently in the process of examination. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, the total balance of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions was $2 and $2, respectively. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions included in income tax expense resulted in a net benefit of $0 in fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021. The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 22 |
Gross increases - tax positions in prior periods | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Gross decreases - tax positions in prior periods | (3) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (5) |
Gross increases - current period tax positions | 2 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 3 |
Gross decreases - current period tax positions | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Lapse of applicable statute of limitations | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |
Settlements | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 21 |
Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, were potential benefits of $14, $14 and $17, respectively, which if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. Unrecognized tax benefits are not expected to significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.

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