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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended October 1, 2023
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number 001-34460

KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware | 13-3818604
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1 Chisholm Trail, Suite 300 Round Rock, TX (Address of principal executive offices) | 78681 (Zip Code)

(512) 238-9840
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | KTOS | The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ý | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 27, 2023, 128,938,622 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

Table of Contents
KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED OCTOBER 1, 2023
INDEX

|  | Page
| PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at O ctober 1, 2023 (unaudited) and December 25, 2022 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Ni n e Months Ended October 1, 2023 and September 2 5, 2022 (unaudited) | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 1, 2023 and September 2 5, 2022 (unaudited) | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 1, 2023 and September 2 5, 2022 (unaudited) | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended October 1, 2023 and September 2 5, 2022 (unaudited) | 8
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 9
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 26
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 35
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 35
| PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 37
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 37
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 37
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 37
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 37
Item 5. | Other Information | 38
Item 6. | Exhibits | 39

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except par value and number of shares)

| October 1, 2023 |  |
| (Unaudited) |  | December 25, 2022
Assets |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 42.2 |  |  | $ | 81.3 |
Accounts receivable, net | 128.2 |  |  | 105.7 |
Unbilled receivables, net | 223.7 |  |  | 222.8 |
Inventoried costs | 150.1 |  |  | 125.5 |
Prepaid expenses | 18.3 |  |  | 11.9 |
Other current assets | 41.9 |  |  | 35.4 |
Total current assets | 604.4 |  |  | 582.6 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 227.3 |  |  | 213.1 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 50.6 |  |  | 47.4 |
Goodwill | 558.2 |  |  | 558.2 |
Intangible assets, net | 50.7 |  |  | 55.2 |
Other assets | 99.6 |  |  | 95.0 |
Total assets | $ | 1,590.8 |  |  | $ | 1,551.5 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 57.4 |  |  | $ | 57.3 |
Accrued expenses | 40.3 |  |  | 33.8 |
Accrued compensation | 55.2 |  |  | 52.2 |
Accrued interest | 1.8 |  |  | 1.5 |
Billings in excess of costs and earnings on uncompleted contracts | 79.4 |  |  | 62.1 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | 12.1 |  |  | 10.8 |
Other current liabilities | 15.9 |  |  | 15.6 |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | 0.9 |  |  | 0.9 |
Total current liabilities | 263.0 |  |  | 234.2 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | 234.2 |  |  | 250.2 |
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | 43.0 |  |  | 40.8 |
Other long-term liabilities | 76.8 |  |  | 77.4 |
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations | 1.1 |  |  | 1.4 |
Total liabilities | 618.1 |  |  | 604.0 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | 19.3 |  |  | 11.2 |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares outstanding at October 1, 2023 and December 25, 2022 | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 195,000,000 shares authorized; 128,072,596 and 125,985,306 shares issued and outstanding at October 1, 2023 and December 25, 2022, respectively | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,633.5 |  |  | 1,608.4 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 2.5 |  |  | (0.8) |
Accumulated deficit | (682.6) |  |  | (671.3) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 953.4 |  |  | 936.3 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 1,590.8 |  |  | $ | 1,551.5 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Service revenues | $ | 106.5 |  |  | $ | 88.6 |  |  | $ | 301.8 |  |  | $ | 235.3 |
Product sales | 168.1 |  |  | 140.0 |  |  | 461.5 |  |  | 413.7 |
Total revenues | 274.6 |  |  | 228.6 |  |  | 763.3 |  |  | 649.0 |
Cost of service revenues | 79.0 |  |  | 65.1 |  |  | 227.2 |  |  | 171.2 |
Cost of product sales | 122.2 |  |  | 108.6 |  |  | 339.4 |  |  | 313.2 |
Total costs | 201.2 |  |  | 173.7 |  |  | 566.6 |  |  | 484.4 |
Gross profit | 73.4 |  |  | 54.9 |  |  | 196.7 |  |  | 164.6 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 50.9 |  |  | 48.5 |  |  | 146.0 |  |  | 136.3 |
Merger and acquisition expenses | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |
Research and development expenses | 10.3 |  |  | 9.6 |  |  | 30.4 |  |  | 28.0 |
Restructuring expenses and other | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 6.4 |
Operating income (loss) | 12.2 |  |  | (3.6) |  |  | 19.4 |  |  | (6.7) |
Other expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | (5.1) |  |  | (4.1) |  |  | (15.5) |  |  | (12.9) |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13.0) |
Other expense, net | (0.3) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (1.0) |
Total other expense, net | (5.4) |  |  | (5.2) |  |  | (15.9) |  |  | (26.9) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 6.8 |  |  | (8.8) |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | (33.6) |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations | 3.8 |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | 6.9 |  |  | (4.6) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | 3.0 |  |  | (8.0) |  |  | (3.4) |  |  | (29.0) |
Discontinued operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.3) |
Income tax benefit | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 1.0 |
Income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 |
Net income (loss) | 3.0 |  |  | (8.0) |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | (28.3) |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest | 4.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | 0.3 |
Net loss attributable to Kratos | $ | (1.6) |  |  | $ | (8.0) |  |  | $ | (11.3) |  |  | $ | (28.6) |
Basic and diluted loss per common share attributable to Kratos: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss from continuing operations | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.06) |  |  | $ | (0.09) |  |  | $ | (0.23) |
Income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Loss per common share | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.06) |  |  | $ | (0.09) |  |  | $ | (0.23) |
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding | 129.6 |  |  | 127.2 |  |  | 129.3 |  |  | 126.5 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Net income (loss) | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | (8.0) |  |  | $ | (3.2) |  |  | $ | (28.3) |
Change in unrealized cash flow hedge (net of taxes of $0.5 million and $1.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended October 1, 2023, respectively) | 1.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | — |
Change in cumulative translation adjustment | (1.8) |  |  | (3.7) |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (4.3) |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 2.6 |  |  | (11.7) |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (32.6) |
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest | 4.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | 0.3 |
Comprehensive loss attributable to Kratos | $ | (2.0) |  |  | $ | (11.7) |  |  | $ | (8.0) |  |  | $ | (32.9) |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

|  | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  |  | Shares |  | Amounts |  |  |  |  |
Balance, June 26, 2022 |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | 125.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,593.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (655.0) |  |  |  |  | $ | 938.1 |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 6.6 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan and stock options |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 3.2 |
Restricted stock issued and related taxes |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (0.8) |
Net loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8.0) |  |  |  |  | (8.0) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3.7) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (3.7) |
Balance, September 25, 2022 |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | 125.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,602.1 |  |  | $ | (3.7) |  |  | $ | (663.0) |  |  |  |  | $ | 935.4 |

|  | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  |  | Shares |  | Amounts |  |  |  |  |
Balance, June 25, 2023 |  | $ | 14.7 |  |  | 127.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,623.7 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (681.0) |  |  |  |  | $ | 945.6 |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 6.4 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan and stock options |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 3.6 |
Restricted stock issued and related taxes |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (0.2) |
Gain on interest rate swap contract |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 1.4 |
Net income (loss) |  | 4.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.6) |  |  |  |  | (1.6) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (1.8) |
Balance, October 1, 2023 |  | $ | 19.3 |  |  | 128.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,633.5 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | (682.6) |  |  |  |  | $ | 953.4 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

|  | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  |  | Shares |  | Amounts |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 26, 2021 |  | $ | 15.2 |  |  | 124.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,578.9 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | (634.4) |  |  |  |  | $ | 945.1 |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 19.9 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan and stock options |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 6.1 |
Restricted stock issued and related taxes |  | — |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | — |  |  | (12.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (12.3) |
Issuance of common stock for acquisitions |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 5.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 5.0 |
Net income (loss) |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (28.6) |  |  |  |  | (28.6) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.3) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4.3) |
Changes in noncontrolling interest |  | (7.7) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 4.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 4.5 |
Balance, September 25, 2022 |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | 125.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,602.1 |  |  | $ | (3.7) |  |  | $ | (663.0) |  |  |  |  | $ | 935.4 |

|  | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  |  | Shares |  | Amounts |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 25, 2022 |  | $ | 11.2 |  |  | 126.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,608.4 |  |  | $ | (0.8) |  |  | $ | (671.3) |  |  |  |  | $ | 936.3 |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 19.0 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan and stock options |  | — |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 6.5 |
Restricted stock issued and related taxes |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | (3.6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (3.6) |
Gain on interest rate swap contract |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 3.2 |
Net income (loss) |  | 8.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11.3) |  |  |  |  | (11.3) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Changes in noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 3.2 |
Balance, October 1, 2023 |  | $ | 19.3 |  |  | 128.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,633.5 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | (682.6) |  |  |  |  | $ | 953.4 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Operating activities: |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (3.2) |  |  | $ | (28.3) |
Income from discontinued operations | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 |
Loss from continuing operations | (3.4) |  |  | (29.0) |
Adjustments to reconcile loss from continuing operations to net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 24.0 |  |  | 22.8 |
Deferred income taxes | 0.1 |  |  | 0.3 |
Amortization of lease right-of-use assets | 8.5 |  |  | 7.8 |
Stock-based compensation | 19.0 |  |  | 19.9 |
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 0.5 |  |  | 0.6 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 13.0 |
Provision for doubtful accounts | 1.0 |  |  | — |
Litigation related charges | — |  |  | 5.5 |
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (23.5) |  |  | 17.0 |
Unbilled receivables | (9.1) |  |  | (18.2) |
Inventoried costs | (23.7) |  |  | (28.0) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (15.7) |  |  | (17.4) |
Operating lease liabilities | (8.2) |  |  | (7.7) |
Accounts payable | (0.6) |  |  | 1.0 |
Accrued expenses | 6.4 |  |  | 1.1 |
Accrued compensation | 3.1 |  |  | 3.0 |
Accrued interest | 0.3 |  |  | (1.2) |
Billings in excess of costs and earnings on uncompleted contracts | 17.4 |  |  | (10.6) |
Income tax receivable and payable | 1.9 |  |  | (8.3) |
Other liabilities | (0.2) |  |  | (3.9) |
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations | (2.2) |  |  | (32.3) |
Investing activities: |  |  |
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — |  |  | (132.2) |
Proceeds from sale of assets | 8.3 |  |  | 0.1 |
Capital expenditures | (33.1) |  |  | (34.8) |
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations | (24.8) |  |  | (166.9) |
Financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt | — |  |  | 200.0 |
Borrowing under credit facility | 54.0 |  |  | 100.0 |
Redemption of Senior Secured Notes | — |  |  | (309.8) |
Repayment under credit facility and term loan | (67.8) |  |  | (1.2) |
Debt issuance costs | — |  |  | (3.2) |
Payments under finance leases | (1.2) |  |  | (1.0) |
Payments of employee taxes withheld from share-based awards | (3.6) |  |  | (12.3) |
Proceeds from shares issued under equity plans | 6.5 |  |  | 6.1 |
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations | (12.1) |  |  | (21.4) |
Net cash used in continuing operations | (39.1) |  |  | (220.6) |
Net operating cash flows of discontinued operations | — |  |  | (0.3) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | — |  |  | (3.3) |
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (39.1) |  |  | (224.2) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 81.3 |  |  | 349.4 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 42.2 |  |  | $ | 125.2 |

Significant non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |
Financing lease obligation incurred | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 9.1 |
Common stock issuance for purchase of noncontrolling interests | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 2.7 |
Common stock issuance for acquisition | $ | — |  |  | 5.0 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
All references to the “Company” and “Kratos” refer to Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.
(a) Basis of Presentation
The information as of October 1, 2023 and for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 is unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 25, 2022 was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements at that date. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not necessarily include all information and footnotes necessary for presentation in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”). These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 23, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”). Interim operating results are not necessarily indicative of operating results expected in subsequent periods or for the year as a whole.
(b) Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its 100% owned subsidiaries and its majority owned subsidiary, KTT CORE, Inc., a Delaware corporation formerly known as KTT CORE, LLC (“KTT Core”), which is 90.05% owned by the Company. All inter-company transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Noncontrolling interest consists of the remaining 9.95% interest in KTT Core. See Note 12 for further information related to the redeemable noncontrolling interest.
(c) Fiscal Year
The Company has a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday of the calendar year. The three month periods ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 consisted of 14-week and 13-week periods, respectively. The nine month periods ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 consisted of 40-week and 39-week periods, respectively. There are 53 calendar weeks in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2023 and 52 calendar weeks in the fiscal year ending December 25, 2022.
(d) Accounting Estimates
There have been no significant changes in the Company’s accounting estimates for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 as compared to the accounting estimates described in the Form 10-K.
(e) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company uses forward exchange contracts to manage foreign currency risks associated with certain transactions, specifically forecasted materials and salaries paid in foreign currencies. The Company also has entered into an interest rate swap contract in order to mitigate the exposure to interest rate movements associated with the Company’s Term Loan A. These derivative instruments are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as interest rates. Based on these inputs, the derivative instruments are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. At October 1, 2023, the derivative instruments were included in other current assets, other assets, and other current liabilities on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The carrying amounts and the related fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis at October 1, 2023, are presented in Note 15.
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The carrying value of all financial instruments, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses, billings in excess of cost and earnings on uncompleted contracts, income taxes payable and long and short-term debt, approximated their estimated fair values at October 1, 2023 and December 25, 2022 due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Note 2. Acquisitions
Cosmic Advanced Engineered Solutions, Inc.
On December 27, 2021, Kratos Integral Holdings, LLC entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to acquire Cosmic Advanced Engineered Solutions, Inc. (“Cosmic”) from the Carol L. Zanmiller Living Trust and the John G. Hutchens Living Trust for $37.9 million in cash (including a $0.4 million holdback which was subsequently settled). Cosmic focuses on radio frequency (“RF”), terrestrial, and space-based communication solutions, including digital signals processing and geolocation analysis. In addition, Cosmic provides overhead persistent infrared for missile defense systems and embedded cyber solutions to U.S. government agencies. On December 27, 2021, the acquisition was completed following the satisfaction of all closing conditions, including receipt of regulatory approval from all required government authorities. The operating results of the acquisition have been included in the Company’s results of operations from the effective acquisition date. Cosmic is included in the Kratos Government Solutions (“KGS”) segment.
The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill represents the value the Company expects to be created by integrating Cosmic’s existing business with Kratos’ related products and customers.
The transaction has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The fair value measurements are based primarily on significant inputs not observable in the marketplace and thus represent Level 3 measurements.
The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the major assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in millions):

Accounts receivable |  | $ | 3.8 |
Unbilled receivables |  | 4.1 |
Other current assets |  | 0.1 |
Property and equipment |  | 1.3 |
Intangible assets |  | 8.5 |
Total identifiable net assets acquired |  | 17.8 |
Total identifiable net liabilities assumed |  | (9.1) |
Goodwill |  | 29.2 |
Net assets acquired, excluding cash |  | $ | 37.9 |

Based on the Company’s estimate of fair value, as of December 27, 2021, net liabilities included $6.7 million of current liabilities. The identifiable intangible assets include trade names of $0.6 million with a remaining useful life of 5 years, backlog of $1.7 million with an estimated useful life of 1 year, customer relationships of $4.4 million with a remaining useful life of 10 years, and developed technology of $1.8 million with a remaining useful life of 5 years. The Company also established a deferred tax liability of $2.4 million for the difference between the financial statement basis and tax basis of the acquired assets of Cosmic and a corresponding increase in goodwill. The goodwill recorded in this transaction is not expected to be tax-deductible.
The value of customer relationships was estimated using the multi-period excess earnings method (“MPEEM”), an income approach (Level 3), which converts projected revenues and costs into cash flows. To reflect the fact that certain other assets contribute to the cash flows generated, the returns for these contributory assets were removed to arrive at estimated cash flows solely attributable to the acquired customer relationships, which were discounted at a rate of 11% to determine the fair value. The value of backlog was also valued using MPEEM. The value of developed technology was estimated using the relief-
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from-royalty method, an income approach (Level 3), which estimates the cost savings that accrue to the owner of the intangible asset that would otherwise be payable as royalties or license fees on revenues earned through the use of the asset. A royalty rate of 11% was applied to the projected revenues associated with the intangible asset to determine the amount of savings in order to determine the fair value.
A summary of the consideration paid for the acquired ownership in Cosmic is as follows (in millions):

Cash paid |  | $ | 39.4 |
Less: Cash acquired |  | (1.5) |
Total consideration |  | $ | 37.9 |

Southern Research Engineering Division
On March 9, 2022, the Company executed an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire the assets of the Engineering Division of Southern Research Institute (“SRI”), an Alabama non-profit corporation, for a purchase price of approximately $79.4 million, comprised of $74.4 million in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital, potential earn-out consideration tied to revenue from certain in-development products, indebtedness and transaction expenses, and $5.0 million in Kratos common stock. SRI’s Engineering Division (“SRE”) is the market leader in assisting customers in the development, modeling, and deployment of advanced materials for extreme environments, including hypersonic, space, missile, missile defense, strategic deterrence, propulsion systems, and energy applications. SRE also specializes in Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (“ISR”) sensor development, electromechanical systems design and integration, aerospace engineering, materials engineering, artificial intelligence and machine learning, directed energy, RF systems design and integration, advanced manufacturing, and computational sciences. The acquisition established Kratos SRE, Inc., a new business within Kratos’ Defense and Rocket Support Services Division.
On May 23, 2022, the acquisition was completed following the satisfaction of all closing conditions, including receipt of necessary approval from all required government authorities. The operating results of the acquisition have been included in the Company’s results of operations from the effective acquisition date.
The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill represents the value the Company expects to be created by integrating SRE’s existing business with Kratos’ related products and customers.
The transaction has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The fair value measurements are based primarily on significant inputs not observable in the marketplace and thus represent Level 3 measurements.
The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the major assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in millions):

Accounts receivable |  | $ | 2.9 |
Unbilled receivables |  | 11.1 |
Inventory |  | 0.5 |
Other current assets |  | 0.2 |
Property and equipment |  | 22.8 |
Other assets |  | 0.2 |
Intangible assets |  | 10.8 |
Total identifiable net assets acquired |  | 48.5 |
Total identifiable net liabilities assumed |  | (3.4) |
Goodwill |  | 34.3 |
Net assets acquired, excluding cash |  | $ | 79.4 |

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Based on the Company’s estimate of fair value, as of May 23, 2022, net liabilities included $2.5 million of current liabilities. The identifiable intangible assets include trade names of $0.5 million with a remaining useful life of 5 years, contracts and backlog of $2.5 million with an estimated useful life of 3 years, in-process research and development of $7.3 million that will commence amortization at the completion of the development and developed technology of $0.5 million with a remaining useful life of 3 years. The Company also established a deferred tax asset of $0.2 million for the difference between the financial statement basis and tax basis of the acquired assets of SRE and a corresponding decrease in goodwill. The goodwill recorded in this transaction is expected to be tax-deductible.
The value of backlog was estimated using MPEEM, an income approach (Level 3), which converts projected revenues and costs into cash flows. To reflect the fact that certain other assets contribute to the cash flows generated, the returns for these contributory assets were removed to arrive at estimated cash flows solely attributable to the acquired backlog, which were discounted at a rate of 6.4% to determine the fair value. The value of developed technology was estimated using the relief-from-royalty method, an income approach (Level 3), which estimates the cost savings that accrue to the owner of the intangible asset that would otherwise be payable as royalties or license fees on revenues earned through the use of the asset. A royalty rate was applied to the projected revenues associated with the intangible asset to determine the amount of savings, which was at a rate of 11% to determine the fair value. The value of in-process research and development was also estimated using the relief-from-royalty method. A royalty rate of 12% was applied to the projected revenues associated with the intangible asset to determine the amount of savings in order to determine the fair value.
The amounts of revenue and operating income of SRE included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations were $13.0 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023, respectively, and $38.1 million and $2.8 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023, respectively. The amounts of revenue and operating income of SRE included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations were $12.5 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022, and $16.6 million and $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022, respectively.
A summary of the consideration paid for the acquired assets is as follows (in millions):

Cash paid |  | $ | 74.4 |
Common stock issued |  | 5.0 |
Total consideration |  | $ | 79.4 |

Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)
The following tables summarize the supplemental condensed consolidated statements of operations information on an unaudited pro forma basis as if the acquisition of SRE occurred on December 26, 2021 and include adjustments that were directly attributable to the foregoing transactions. There are no material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and income (loss). The pro forma results are for illustrative purposes only for the applicable period and do not purport to be indicative of the actual results that would have occurred had the transaction been completed as of the beginning of the period, nor are they indicative of results of operations that may occur in the future.
For the nine month period ended September 25, 2022 (all amounts, except per share amounts, are in millions):

|  | Nine Months Ended |  |
|  | September 25, 2022 |  |
Pro forma revenues |  | $ | 666.0 |  |  |
Pro forma net loss before tax |  | $ | (32.5) |  |  |
Pro forma net loss |  | $ | (27.5) |  |  |
Basic pro forma loss per share |  | $ | (0.22) |  |  |
Diluted pro forma loss per share |  | $ | (0.22) |  |  |

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Note 3. Revenue Recognition
The Company has adopted the FASB ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and the related amendments, which are codified into Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 (“ASC 606”). To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in each contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Once the contract is identified and determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in ASC 606. The majority of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, not distinct. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected-cost-plus-margin approach, under which the Company forecasts the expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and then adds an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service.
For the majority of contracts, the Company satisfies the underlying performance obligations over time as the customer obtains control or receives benefits as work is performed on the contract. The Company generally recognizes revenue over time as work is performed on long-term contracts because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer. For U.S. government contracts, this continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in the contract that allow the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, pay for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit and take control of any work in process. Similarly, for non-U.S. government contracts, the customer typically controls the work in process as evidenced either by contractual termination clauses or by our rights to payment of the transaction price associated with work performed to date on products or services that do not have an alternative use to the Company. As a result, under ASC 606, revenue is recognized over time using the cost-to-cost method (cost incurred relative to total estimated cost at completion).
Remaining Performance Obligations
The Company calculates revenues from remaining performance obligations as the dollar value of the remaining performance obligations on executed contracts. On October 1, 2023, the Company had approximately $1,165.0 million of remaining performance obligations. The Company expects to recognize approximately 20% of the remaining performance obligations as revenue in fiscal year 2023, an additional 47% in fiscal year 2024, and the balance thereafter.
Contract Estimates
Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables, and requires significant judgment. On a quarterly basis, the Company conducts its contract cost Estimate at Completion (“EAC”) process by reviewing the progress and execution of outstanding performance obligations within its contracts. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and opportunities and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. The risks and opportunities include management’s judgment about the ability and cost to achieve the schedule (e.g., the number and type of milestone events), technical requirements (e.g., a newly-developed product versus a mature product) and other contract requirements. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding labor productivity and availability, the complexity of the work to be performed, the availability of materials, the length of time to complete the performance obligation (e.g., to estimate increases in wages and prices for materials and related support cost allocations), execution by subcontractors, the availability and timing of funding from customers and overhead cost rates, among other variables.
In addition, certain of the Company’s long-term contracts contain award fees, incentive fees, or other provisions that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. These variable amounts generally are awarded upon achievement of certain performance metrics, program milestones, or cost targets and can be based upon customer discretion. Variable consideration is estimated at the most likely amount to which the Company is expected to be entitled. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the
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uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company’s anticipated performance and all information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available.
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. Contract modifications are considered to exist when the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Most of the Company’s contract modifications are for goods or services that are not distinct from the existing contract due to the significant integration service provided in the context of the contract and are accounted for as if they were part of that existing contract. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price, and the measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis.
As a result of the EAC process, any quarterly adjustments to revenues, cost of sales, and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known. These adjustments may result from positive program performance, and may result in an increase in operating income during the performance of individual performance obligations, if it is determined the Company will be successful in mitigating the risks surrounding the technical, schedule and cost aspects of those performance obligations or realizing related opportunities. Likewise, these adjustments may result in a decrease in operating income if it is determined the Company will not be successful in mitigating these risks or realizing related opportunities. Changes in estimates of net sales, cost of sales, and the related impact to operating income are recognized quarterly on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes in the current period the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of one or more of the Company’s contracts. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance obligation exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation is recognized in the period the loss is determined. No cumulative catch-up adjustment on any one contract was material to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023, and September 25, 2022. Likewise, total cumulative catch-up adjustments were not material for the three and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023, and September 25, 2022.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
For each of the Company’s contracts, the timing of revenue recognition, customer billings, and cash collections results in a net contract asset or liability at the end of each reporting period. Fixed-price contracts are typically billed to the customer either using progress payments, whereby amounts are billed monthly as costs are incurred or work is completed, or performance based payments, which are based upon the achievement of specific, measurable events or accomplishments defined and valued at contract inception. Cost-type contracts are typically billed to the customer on a monthly or semi-monthly basis.
Contract assets consist of unbilled receivables, primarily related to long-term contracts where revenue recognized under the cost-to-cost method exceeds amounts billed to customers. Unbilled receivables are classified as current assets and, in accordance with industry practice, include amounts that may be billed and collected beyond one year due to the long-term nature of many of the Company’s contracts. Accumulated contract costs in unbilled receivables include direct production costs, factory and engineering overhead, production tooling costs, and, for government contracts, recovery of allowable general and administrative expenses. Unbilled receivables also include certain estimates of variable consideration described above. The Company’s contracts that give rise to contract assets are not considered to include a significant financing component as the payment terms are intended to protect the customer in the event the Company does not perform on its obligations under the contract.
Contract liabilities include advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. Certain customers make advance payments prior to the satisfaction of the Company’s performance obligations on the contract. These amounts are recorded as contract liabilities until such performance obligations are satisfied, either over time as costs are incurred or at a point in time when deliveries are made. The Company’s contracts that give rise to contract liabilities do not include a significant financing component as the underlying advance payments received are generally utilized to pay for contract costs within a one-year period or are used to ensure the customer meets contractual requirements.
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Net contract assets and liabilities are as follows (in millions):

| October 1, 2023 |  | December 25, 2022 |  | Net Change
Contract assets | $ | 223.7 |  |  | $ | 222.8 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |
Contract liabilities | $ | 79.4 |  |  | $ | 62.1 |  |  | $ | 17.3 |
Net contract assets | $ | 144.3 |  |  | $ | 160.7 |  |  | $ | (16.4) |

Contract assets increased $0.9 million during the nine months ended October 1, 2023, primarily due to higher unbilled receivables, net during the nine months ended October 1, 2023. There were no significant impairment losses related to any receivables or contract assets arising from the Company’s contracts with customers during the nine months ended October 1, 2023. Contract liabilities increased $17.3 million during the nine months ended October 1, 2023, primarily due to payments received in excess of revenue recognized on these performance obligations. For the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, the Company recognized revenue of $9.5 million and $43.1 million that was previously included in the contract liabilities that existed at December 25, 2022. For the three and nine months ended September 25, 2022 the Company recognized revenue of $6.6 million and $42.6 million that was previously included in the contract liabilities that existed at December 26, 2021.
In November 2019, a large training solutions program was terminated for convenience (“T for C”) by the customer. Under a T for C, a contractor is entitled to seek specified costs through a termination settlement process including (1) the contract price for completed supplies and services accepted by the government but not previously paid for; (2) the cost incurred in the performance of work terminated plus a reasonable profit on those costs; and (3) its costs incurred in settling with subcontractors and preparing and settling the termination proposal. Under a T for C, the Company would not be able to collect the total withheld amounts until the settlement terms of the T for C have been negotiated and agreed to with the customer. At October 1, 2023, approximately $4.8 million in unbilled receivables remained outstanding on this project. In March 2022, the Company and the customer agreed to a settlement of $6.0 million for a portion of the amounts outstanding on this project, which was collected in July 2022. The remaining unbilled receivable balance of $4.8 million is subject to negotiation and settlement with the customer.
The Company was also in dispute with an international customer in the Unmanned Systems (“US”) segment concerning the completion of certain system requirements and certain contractual milestones related to a contract the Company acquired with the acquisition of Composite Engineering Inc. in 2012. On June 30, 2022, the parties entered into a settlement agreement to resolve their dispute and to settle all claims and counterclaims, and are currently in the process of implementing the terms of the settlement agreement. The Company recorded a $5.5 million litigation settlement charge which is included in restructuring expenses and other in the year ended December 25, 2022.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following series of tables presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by several categories. For the majority of contracts, revenue is recognized over time as work is performed on the contract. Revenue by contract type was as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Kratos Government Solutions |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed price | $ | 155.2 |  |  | $ | 125.1 |  |  | $ | 414.7 |  |  | $ | 346.3 |
Cost plus fee | 49.5 |  |  | 43.3 |  |  | 155.1 |  |  | 112.7 |
Time and materials | 13.2 |  |  | 10.2 |  |  | 36.7 |  |  | 31.0 |
Total Kratos Government Solutions | 217.9 |  |  | 178.6 |  |  | 606.5 |  |  | 490.0 |
Unmanned Systems |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed price | 42.4 |  |  | 33.6 |  |  | 118.3 |  |  | 105.8 |
Cost plus fee | 11.4 |  |  | 14.9 |  |  | 30.0 |  |  | 50.6 |
Time and materials | 2.9 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 8.5 |  |  | 2.6 |
Total Unmanned Systems | 56.7 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  | 156.8 |  |  | 159.0 |
Total Revenues | $ | 274.6 |  |  | $ | 228.6 |  |  | $ | 763.3 |  |  | $ | 649.0 |

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Revenue by customer was as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Kratos Government Solutions |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government (1) | $ | 132.1 |  |  | $ | 114.6 |  |  | $ | 376.1 |  |  | $ | 308.3 |
International (2) | 52.2 |  |  | 39.8 |  |  | 145.1 |  |  | 110.6 |
U.S. Commercial and other customers | 33.6 |  |  | 24.2 |  |  | 85.3 |  |  | 71.1 |
Total Kratos Government Solutions | 217.9 |  |  | 178.6 |  |  | 606.5 |  |  | 490.0 |
Unmanned Systems |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government (1) | 53.4 |  |  | 43.5 |  |  | 148.3 |  |  | 145.5 |
International (2) | 2.1 |  |  | 5.9 |  |  | 6.4 |  |  | 11.3 |
U.S. Commercial and other customers | 1.2 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 2.2 |
Total Unmanned Systems | 56.7 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  | 156.8 |  |  | 159.0 |
Total Revenues | $ | 274.6 |  |  | $ | 228.6 |  |  | $ | 763.3 |  |  | $ | 649.0 |

(1) Sales to the U.S. Government include sales from contracts for which the Company is the prime contractor, as well as those for which the
Company is a subcontractor and the ultimate customer is the U.S. Government. Each of the Company’s segments derives substantial revenue
from the U.S. Government. These sales include foreign military sales contracted through the U.S. Government.
(2) International sales include sales from contracts for which the Company is the prime contractor, as well as those for which the Company is a
subcontractor and the ultimate customer is an international customer. These sales include direct sales with governments outside the U.S. and
commercial sales with customers outside the U.S.
Note 4. Discontinued Operations
On February 28, 2018, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to sell the operations of Kratos Public Safety & Security Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“PSS”), to Securitas Electronic Security, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Buyer”). On June 11, 2018, the Company completed the sale of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of PSS to Buyer for a purchase price of $69 million in cash, subject to a closing net working capital adjustment (the “Transaction”). To date, the Company has received approximately $68.7 million of aggregate net cash proceeds from the Transaction, after taking into account amounts that were paid by the Company pursuant to a negotiated transaction services agreement between the Company and the Buyer, receipt of approximately $7.3 million in net working capital retained by the Company, and associated transaction fees and expenses, including the impact of the final settlement and determination of the closing net working capital adjustment and litigation which was settled with the Buyer in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022, respectively.
Note 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
(a) Goodwill
The carrying amounts of goodwill as of October 1, 2023 and December 25, 2022 by reportable segment are as follows (in millions):

| KGS |  | US |  | Total
Gross value | $ | 683.6 |  |  | $ | 127.9 |  |  | $ | 811.5 |
Less accumulated impairment | 239.5 |  |  | 13.8 |  |  | 253.3 |
Net | $ | 444.1 |  |  | $ | 114.1 |  |  | $ | 558.2 |

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(b) Purchased Intangible Assets
The following table sets forth information for finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets (in millions):

| As of October 1, 2023 |  | As of December 25, 2022
| Gross Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Value |  | Gross Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Value
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships | $ | 80.9 |  |  | $ | (62.1) |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 80.9 |  |  | $ | (60.1) |  |  | $ | 20.8 |
Contracts and backlog | 39.1 |  |  | (37.6) |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 39.1 |  |  | (36.3) |  |  | 2.8 |
Developed technology and technical know-how | 33.7 |  |  | (27.9) |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 33.7 |  |  | (27.0) |  |  | 6.7 |
Trade names | 3.8 |  |  | (2.6) |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | (2.3) |  |  | 1.5 |
In-process research and development | 16.8 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 16.5 |  |  | 16.8 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 16.5 |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | 174.3 |  |  | (130.5) |  |  | 43.8 |  |  | 174.3 |  |  | (126.0) |  |  | 48.3 |
Indefinite-lived trade names | 6.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.9 |  |  | 6.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.9 |
Total intangible assets | $ | 181.2 |  |  | $ | (130.5) |  |  | $ | 50.7 |  |  | $ | 181.2 |  |  | $ | (126.0) |  |  | $ | 55.2 |

Consolidated amortization expense related to intangible assets subject to amortization was $1.5 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively, and $4.5 million and $6.3 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively.
Note 6. Inventoried Costs
Inventoried costs, consisted of the following components (in millions):

| October 1, 2023 |  | December 25, 2022
Raw materials | $ | 74.5 |  |  | $ | 73.6 |
Work in process | 70.9 |  |  | 50.8 |
Finished goods | 4.7 |  |  | 1.1 |
Total inventoried costs | $ | 150.1 |  |  | $ | 125.5 |

Note 7. Net Income (Loss) per Common Share
The Company calculates net income (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“Topic 260”). Under Topic 260, basic net income (loss) per common share attributable to the Kratos shareholders is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to Kratos by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share reflects the effects of potentially dilutive securities.
Shares from stock options and awards, excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive, were 0.9 million and 0.9 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, respectively, and 1.9 million and 1.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2022, respectively.
Note 8. Leases
The Company leases certain facilities, office space, vehicles and equipment. Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement of an arrangement where it is determined at inception that a lease exists. Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using an incremental borrowing rate generally applicable to the location of the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. Lease assets also include any upfront lease payments made and exclude lease incentives. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised. The Company has operating lease arrangements with lease and non-lease components. The non-lease
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components in these arrangements are not significant when compared to the lease components. For all operating leases, the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single component.
Variable lease payments are generally expensed as incurred. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the expense for these short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The depreciable life of lease assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise.
The components of lease expense were as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Amortization of right of use assets - finance leases | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |
Interest on lease liabilities - finance leases | 0.8 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.3 |  |  | 2.2 |
Operating lease cost | 3.7 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 10.4 |  |  | 9.7 |
Short-term lease cost | 0.3 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 0.6 |
Variable lease cost (cost excluded from lease payments) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |
Total lease cost | $ | 5.6 |  |  | $ | 4.9 |  |  | $ | 15.9 |  |  | $ | 14.7 |

The components of leases on the balance sheet were as follows (in millions):

| October 1, 2023 |  | December 25, 2022
Operating leases: |  |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 50.6 |  |  | $ | 47.4 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | $ | 12.1 |  |  | $ | 10.8 |
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | $ | 43.0 |  |  | $ | 40.8 |
Finance leases: |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 44.1 |  |  | $ | 45.8 |
Other current liabilities | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |
Other long-term liabilities | $ | 49.5 |  |  | $ | 49.9 |

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities was as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Finance lease - cash paid for interest | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | 2.2 |
Finance lease - financing cash flows | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |
Operating lease - operating cash flows (fixed payments) | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | 10.3 |  |  | $ | 10.0 |

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Other supplemental noncash information (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | 11.8 |  |  | $ | 11.9 |
Finance lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 9.1 |
|  |  |  |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years): |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  |  |  | 4.75 |  | 4.91
Finance leases |  |  |  |  | 14.80 |  | 15.44
Weighted-average discount rate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  |  |  | 5.04 | % |  | 5.51 | %
Finance leases |  |  |  |  | 6.41 | % |  | 6.02 | %

The maturity of lease liabilities is (in millions):

| Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
2023 (1) | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | 1.2 |
2024 | 14.5 |  |  | 4.8 |
2025 | 12.8 |  |  | 5.0 |
2026 | 10.9 |  |  | 5.0 |
2027 | 9.8 |  |  | 5.1 |
Thereafter | 9.9 |  |  | 59.5 |
Total lease payments | 61.7 |  |  | 80.6 |
Less: imputed interest | (6.6) |  |  | (29.5) |
Total present value of lease liabilities | $ | 55.1 |  |  | $ | 51.1 |
(1) Excludes the nine months ended October 1, 2023. |  |  |

Note 9. Income Taxes
A reconciliation of the total income tax provision (benefit) to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 is as follows (in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Income tax expense (benefit) at federal statutory rate | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | (7.0) |
Nondeductible expenses and other | 2.8 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | 6.3 |  |  | 3.9 |
Stock compensation - excess tax shortfalls (benefits) | (0.2) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | (0.8) |
Federal impact of research & development tax credits | (0.2) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.7) |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | (0.8) |  |  | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | (4.6) |

The Company calculates its interim income tax provision in accordance with ASC Topic 270, “Interim Reporting,” and ASC Topic 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Prior to 2022, the Company calculated the provision for income taxes during the interim reporting periods by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate for the full fiscal year to “ordinary” income or loss (pretax income or loss excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items) for the reporting period. The Company determined that since small changes in estimated “ordinary” income would result in significant changes in the
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estimated annual effective tax rate, the historical method used prior to 2022 would not provide a reliable estimate for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022. Therefore, a discrete effective tax rate method was used to calculate taxes for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022.
As of October 1, 2023, the Company had $25.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at October 1, 2023 are $22.6 million that, if recognized, would impact the Company’s effective income tax rate.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its provision for income taxes. For the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, the Company recorded an expense for interest and penalties of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, there was no material benefit recorded related to the removal of interest and penalties. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that as much as $0.1 million of the liabilities for uncertain tax positions will expire within the next twelve months due to the expiration of various applicable statutes of limitations.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”), was signed into law. Among other things, the IRA imposes a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022, levies a 1% excise tax on net stock purchases after December 31, 2022, and provides tax incentives to promote clean energy. The IRA is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations or financial position.
Note 10. Debt
(a) New Credit Facility
On February 18, 2022, the Company completed the refinancing of its outstanding $90 million revolving credit facility and $300 million 6.5% Senior Secured Notes (the “Senior Secured Notes”), with a new 5-year $200 million Revolving Credit Facility and 5-year $200 million Term Loan A (collectively, the “New Credit Facility”). The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $3.3 million associated with the New Credit Facility. As of October 1, 2023, the Company made $6.3 million in principal payments on Term Loan A, and has net amounts outstanding of approximately $50.0 million under the new Revolving Credit Facility, with approximately $150.0 million remaining in borrowing capacity, less approximately $13.7 million of letters of credit outstanding.
On February 18, 2022, the proceeds of $300 million from the New Credit Facility, along with cash funded by the Company for the 3.25% call premium to redeem the Company’s outstanding Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued interest, was distributed to the trustee for redemption of the Senior Secured Notes. The redemption of the Company’s outstanding $300 million 6.5% Senior Secured Notes due November 2025 closed on March 14, 2022, for an amount of cash equal to 103.25% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. The Company incurred a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $9.8 million related to the call premium on the Senior Secured Notes and the write-off of $3.2 million of unamortized debt issuance costs, resulting in a total loss on extinguishment of debt of $13.0 million.
The New Credit Facility is governed by a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which establishes the 5-year senior secured credit facility which is comprised of the $200 million Revolving Credit Facility (which includes sub-facilities for the incurrence of up to $10.0 million of swingline loans and the issuance of up to $50.0 million of Letters of Credit) and the $200 million Term Loan A. The Credit Agreement contemplates uncommitted incremental credit facilities of up to $200 million (which amount would be reduced by the aggregate amount of any and all incremental credit facilities actually established under the Credit Agreement) plus additional uncommitted incremental capacity subject to a limitation based on the Company’s pro forma total net leverage ratio (including any such additional uncommitted incremental capacity).
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility and the term loan credit facility may take the form of base rate loans or Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) loans. Base rate loans under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from time to time in effect plus the highest of (i) the Agent’s (as defined in the Credit Agreement) prime lending rate, as in effect at such time, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), as in effect at such time, plus 0.50%, (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for a one-month tenor in effect on such day, plus 1.00% and (iv) 1.00%. SOFR loans will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin from time to time in effect plus the Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period (as defined in the Credit Agreement) selected by the Company of one, three or six months. The Applicable Margin varies between 1.25% and 2.25% per annum for SOFR loans and between 0.25% and 1.25% per annum for base rate loans, and is based on the Company’s total net leverage ratio from time to time.
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Mandatory amortization on the Term Loan A is 2.5% in each of the first and second years and 5.0% in each of the third, fourth and fifth years, with the remaining outstanding balance due at maturity. The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, which include, but are not limited to, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, fundamental changes, restricted payments, asset sales, and investments, and places limits on various other payments. The Company was in compliance with the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement as of October 1, 2023.
On April 28, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract to hedge U.S. dollar-one month Term SOFR in order to fix the interest rate movements associated with the Company’s Term Loan A. The initial hedge amount was $195.0 million and amortizes in accordance with Term Loan A. The swap is at a fixed rate of one-month term SOFR of 3.721% and settles monthly on the last day of each calendar month. The swap has an effective date of May 1, 2023 and terminates on May 1, 2026. Refer to Note 15 for further discussion of the accounting treatment of the swap arrangement.
Term Loan and Revolving Credit Debt
Term loan and revolving credit debt and the current period interest rates are as follows (in millions):

|  | October 1, 2023 |  | December 25, 2022
Term Loan A |  | $ | 193.7 |  | $ | 197.5
Revolving credit facility |  | 50.0 |  | 60.0
Total debt |  | 243.7 |  | 257.5
Less current portion |  | 8.7 |  | 6.3
Total long-term debt, less current portion |  | 235.0 |  | 251.2
Less long-term unamortized debt issuance costs - term loans |  | 0.8 |  | 1.0
Total long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs - term loans |  | $ | 234.2 |  | $ | 250.2
Unamortized debt issuance costs - revolving credit facility |  | $ | 0.8 |  | $ | 1.0
Current period interest rate |  | 7.7 | % |  | 6.4 | %

Future long-term debt principal payments at October 1, 2023 were as follows (in millions):

2023 |  | $ | 2.5 |
2024 |  | 8.7 |
2025 |  | 10.0 |
2026 |  | 10.0 |
2027 |  | 212.5 |
|  | $ | 243.7 |

(b) 6.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2025
In November 2017, the Company issued and sold $300 million aggregate principal amount of 6.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 (the “Senior Secured Notes”), in a private placement conducted pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $6.6 million associated with the Senior Secured Notes. The Senior Secured Notes were redeemed on March 14, 2022.
(c) Other Indebtedness
Credit and Security Agreement
On November 20, 2017, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit and security agreement (the “Credit and Security Agreement”), which established a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $90.0 million consisting of a subline for letters of credit in an amount not to exceed $50.0 million, as well as a swingline loan in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $10.0 million. The Credit and Security Agreement was replaced by the New Credit Facility on February 18, 2022.
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Note 11. Segment Information
The Company operates in two reportable segments. The KGS reportable segment is comprised of an aggregation of KGS operating business units, including the Company’s microwave electronics products, space, satellite and cyber, training solutions, C5ISR/modular systems, turbine technologies and defense and rocket support systems operating segments. The US reportable segment consists of the Company’s unmanned aerial, unmanned ground, unmanned seaborne and command, control and communications system business. The KGS and US segments provide products, solutions and services for mission critical national security programs. KGS and US customers primarily include national security related agencies, the U.S. Department of Defense (the “DoD”), intelligence agencies and classified agencies, and to a lesser degree, international government agencies and domestic and international commercial customers.
The Company organizes its reportable segments based on the nature of the products, solutions and services offered. Transactions between segments are generally negotiated and accounted for under terms and conditions similar to other government and commercial contracts. In the following table, total operating income from continuing operations of the reportable business segments is reconciled to the corresponding consolidated amount. The reconciling item Corporate activities includes costs for certain stock-based compensation programs (including stock-based compensation costs for stock options, the employee stock purchase plan and restricted stock units), the effects of items not considered part of management’s evaluation of segment operating performance, merger and acquisition expenses, corporate costs not allocated to the segments, and other miscellaneous corporate activities.
Revenues, depreciation and amortization, and operating income (loss) generated by the Company’s reportable segments for the three and nine month periods ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 are as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kratos Government Solutions |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 104.4 |  |  | $ | 87.3 |  |  | $ | 296.8 |  |  | $ | 231.3 |
Product sales | 113.5 |  |  | 91.3 |  |  | 309.7 |  |  | 258.7 |
Total Kratos Government Solutions | $ | 217.9 |  |  | $ | 178.6 |  |  | $ | 606.5 |  |  | $ | 490.0 |
Unmanned Systems |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | 2.1 |  |  | 1.3 |  |  | 5.0 |  |  | 4.0 |
Product sales | 54.6 |  |  | 48.7 |  |  | 151.8 |  |  | 155.0 |
Total Unmanned Systems | 56.7 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  | 156.8 |  |  | 159.0 |
Total revenues | $ | 274.6 |  |  | $ | 228.6 |  |  | $ | 763.3 |  |  | $ | 649.0 |
Depreciation and amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kratos Government Solutions | $ | 6.0 |  |  | $ | 7.0 |  |  | $ | 17.8 |  |  | $ | 17.1 |
Unmanned Systems | 2.2 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 5.7 |
Total depreciation and amortization | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | 8.9 |  |  | $ | 24.0 |  |  | $ | 22.8 |
Operating income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kratos Government Solutions | $ | 15.9 |  |  | $ | 3.3 |  |  | $ | 35.2 |  |  | $ | 18.4 |
Unmanned Systems | 2.6 |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | (4.6) |
Corporate activities | (6.3) |  |  | (6.8) |  |  | (19.0) |  |  | (20.5) |
Total operating income (loss) | $ | 12.2 |  |  | $ | (3.6) |  |  | $ | 19.4 |  |  | $ | (6.7) |

The Unmanned Systems operating loss for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 includes a $5.5 million litigation settlement charge related to the resolution of a dispute with an international customer, for which the contractual arrangement was entered into in March 2011, prior to Kratos’ acquisition of Composite Engineering Inc. (“CEi”).
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Note 12. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
On February 27, 2019, the Company acquired 80.1% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Florida Turbine Technologies Inc., a Florida corporation (“FTT Inc.”), and 80.1% of the membership interests in KTT Core, a Delaware limited liability company, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $60 million. On February 18, 2022, the capital stock of FTT Inc. was conveyed to KTT Core for organizational purposes such that FTT Inc. is now a wholly owned subsidiary of KTT Core. In connection with the Company’s acquisition of FTT Inc., and KTT Core, (i) beginning in January 2024, the holders (the “Holders”) of the minority interests in KTT Core (the “Minority Interests”) will have an annual right (the “Put Right”) to sell all of the Minority Interests to the Company at a purchase price based on a specified multiple of the trailing 12 months EBITDA of KTT Core and its subsidiaries (the “Acquired Companies”), subject to adjustment as set forth in the Exchange Agreement entered into by and among the Company, the Acquired Companies and the Holders, as amended on February 18, 2022 (the “Exchange Agreement”) (provided, however, that following certain events, including a change of control, the Put Right will be accelerated and the Minority Interest Purchase Price (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) will be a specified increased multiple of the trailing 12 months EBITDA of the Acquired Companies); and (ii) beginning in January 2025, the Company will have an annual right to purchase all of the Minority Interests from the Holders at the Minority Interest Purchase Price.
On June 13, 2022, the Company entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the “Equity Purchase Agreement”) to acquire an additional 9.95% (the “Purchased Shares”) of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of KTT Core (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries including FTT Inc.), a majority owned subsidiary of the Company, for an aggregate estimated purchase price of approximately $6.4 million, to be paid in shares of Kratos common stock. Pursuant to the Equity Purchase Agreement, the Company paid consideration of $2.7 million, paid in 190,258 shares of its common stock, based upon Kratos’ trading price on the date of distribution. Following the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Equity Purchase Agreement, the Company owned 90.05% of KTT Core. On April 7, 2023, the final aggregate purchase price, as updated to reflect the actual 2022 operating results and to reflect the market price of Kratos common stock on the day of issuance, was determined and 828,128 shares of Kratos common stock were issued to the Holders of the minority interest with a value of $10.7 million.
The Put Right and annual purchase right of the Holders and the Company, respectively, remain available under the Exchange Agreement as to the remaining 9.95% minority interest in KTT Core.
The Company adjusts the carrying value of such redeemable noncontrolling interest based on an allocation of subsidiary earnings based on ownership interest. Redeemable noncontrolling interest is recorded outside of permanent equity at the higher of its carrying value or management’s estimate of the amount (the “Redemption Amount”) that the Company could be required to pay in connection with the Put Right. Adjustments to the Redemption Amount will have a corresponding effect on net income per share attributable to Kratos shareholders. As a result of the Company’s acquisition of an additional 9.95% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of KTT Core, the carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest was adjusted. As of December 25, 2022, the estimated Redemption Amount of the redeemable noncontrolling interest was $11.2 million. For the three and nine months ended September 25, 2022 there was no adjustment to the carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest. The Company recorded an increase of $4.2 million and $7.1 million in the carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest to the estimated Redemption Amount for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, respectively.
Note 13. Significant Customers
Revenue from the U.S. Government, which includes foreign military sales contracted through the U.S. Government, includes revenue from contracts for which the Company is the prime contractor as well as those for which the Company is a subcontractor and the ultimate customer is the U.S. Government. The KGS and US segments have substantial revenue from the U.S. Government. Sales to the U.S. Government amounted to approximately $185.5 million and $158.1 million, or 68% and 69% of total Kratos revenue, for the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively, and $524.4 million and $453.8 million, or 69% and 70% of total Kratos revenue, for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively.
Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies
In addition to commitments and obligations in the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various claims, pending and potential legal actions for damages, investigations relating to governmental laws and regulations and other matters arising out of the normal conduct of the Company’s business. The Company assesses contingencies to determine the degree of probability and range of possible loss for potential accrual in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. An estimated loss contingency is accrued in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Because litigation is
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inherently unpredictable and unfavorable resolutions could occur, assessing litigation contingencies is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. When evaluating contingencies, the Company may be unable to provide a meaningful estimate due to a number of factors, including but not limited to the procedural status of the matter in question, the presence of complex or novel legal theories, and the ongoing discovery and development of information important to the matters. In addition, damage amounts claimed in litigation against it may be unsupported, exaggerated or unrelated to possible outcomes and, as such, are not meaningful indicators of its potential liability. The Company regularly reviews contingencies to determine the adequacy of its accruals and related disclosures. The amount of ultimate loss may differ from these estimates. It is possible that cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these contingencies. Whether any losses finally determined in any claim, action, investigation or proceeding could reasonably have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows will depend on a number of variables, including the timing and amount of such losses; the structure and type of any remedies; the monetary significance any such losses, damages or remedies may have on the condensed consolidated financial statements; and the unique facts and circumstances of the particular matter that may give rise to additional factors.
Legal and Regulatory Matters
U.S. Government Cost Claims
The Company’s contracts with the DoD are subject to audit by the Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”). As a result of these audits, from time to time the Company is advised of claims concerning potential disallowed, overstated or disputed costs. For example, during the course of recent audits of the Company’s contracts, the DCAA is closely examining and questioning certain of the established and disclosed practices that it had previously audited and accepted. The Company’s personnel regularly scrutinize costs incurred and allocated to contracts with the U.S. Government for compliance with regulatory standards. For those Company subsidiaries and fiscal years which have not yet been audited by the DCAA or for those audits which are in process which have not yet been completed by the DCAA, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the range of loss, if any, that may result given the inherent difficulty in predicting regulatory action, fines and penalties, if any, and the various remedies and levels of judicial review available to the Company in the event of an adverse finding. As a result, the Company has not recorded any liability related to these matters.
Other Litigation Matters
The Company is subject to normal and routine litigation arising from the ordinary course and conduct of business and, at times, as a result of mergers, acquisitions and dispositions. Such disputes include, for example, commercial, employment, intellectual property, environmental, and securities matters. The aggregate amounts accrued related to these matters are not material to the total liabilities of the Company. The Company intends to defend itself in any such matters and does not currently believe that the outcome of any such matters will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Note 15. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s derivative portfolio consists of forward exchange contracts used to manage foreign currency risks and an interest rate swap contract to hedge U.S. dollar-one month Term SOFR in order to mitigate the exposure to interest rate movements associated with the Company’s Term Loan A. Derivative financial instruments are recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as either assets or liabilities and are measured at fair value.
Forward Contracts
Changes in the fair values of the foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded each period in earnings. As of October 1, 2023, the Company did not use hedge accounting for its foreign currency exchange contracts. The notional value of the Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts at October 1, 2023, was $15.5 million. At October 1, 2023, the fair value amounts of the foreign currency exchange contracts were a $0.1 million asset and a $0.4 million liability. The net loss from these forward exchange contracts was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, respectively, and is included in other expense. The notional value of the Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts at December 25, 2022, was $10.2 million. At December 25, 2022, the fair value amounts of the foreign currency exchange contracts were a $0.1 million asset and a $0.3 million liability.
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Cash Flow Hedge
On April 28, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract with an initial notional amount of $195.0 million to manage the variability of cash flows associated with the Term Loan A. The interest rate swap contract matures on May 1, 2026 and requires periodic interest rate settlements. The swap is at a fixed SOFR of 3.721% and settles monthly on the last day of each calendar month. The Company has designated the interest rate swap contract as a cash flow hedge and assesses the hedge effectiveness both at the onset of the hedge and at regular intervals throughout the life of the derivative. Changes in fair value (gains and losses) related to derivative financial instruments that qualify as cash flow hedges are deferred in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“AOCI”) until the underlying transaction is reflected in earnings. The net gain reclassed from AOCI from the interest rate swap reflected in earnings was $0.8 million and $1.2 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, respectively, and is recorded as an offset to interest expense. The Company did not have any interest rate swap contracts on December 25, 2022.
The fair value of this derivative represents the discounted value of the expected future discounted cash flows for the interest rate swap, based on the amortization schedule and the current forward curve for the remaining term of the contract, as of the date of each reporting period (in millions):

|  | October 1, 2023 |  | December 25, 2022
|  | Notional Value |  | Fair Value |  | Notional Value |  | Fair Value
Interest rate swap contract designated as a cash flow hedge, net of taxes |  | $ | 195.0 |  |  | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

Note 16. Subsequent Events
On October 3, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity securities of aerial target drone designer Sierra Technical Services, Inc. (“STS”) pursuant to which the Company (i) issued 866,026 shares of Kratos common stock valued at $12.8 million on October 3, 2023 and (ii) agreed to issue up to an additional 979,038 shares of Kratos common stock valued at $14.5 million pursuant to certain holdback and earn-out provisions, in each case, to the former stockholders of STS. The initial accounting for the business combination was incomplete at the time of issuance of these financial statements and as a result it is impracticable to provide full disclosure of required financial information at the filing date. Additional disclosures related to this transaction will be included in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2023.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” relating to our future financial performance, the market for our services and our expansion plans and opportunities. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements reflect our current beliefs, expectations and projections, are based on assumptions, and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results or achievements to differ materially from any future results or achievements expressed in or implied by our forward-looking statements. Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. As a result, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Important risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results or achievements to differ materially from the results or achievements reflected in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: changes or cutbacks in spending or the appropriation of funding by the Federal Government, including the Department of Defense (“DoD”), which could cause delays, cancellations or reductions of key government contracts; bid protests; changes in the scope or timing of our projects; the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of significant customer contracts and agreements; failure by our subcontractors or suppliers to perform their contractual obligations; our failure to meet performance obligations; if the unmanned systems markets do not experience significant growth, or it the products we have developed or will develop do not become programs of record; if we cannot expand our customer base or if our products do not achieve broad acceptance which could impact our ability to achieve our anticipated level of growth; consolidation by or the loss of key customers; risks of adverse regulatory action or litigation; risks associated with debt leverage; failure to successfully achieve our acquisition, integration, cost reduction or divestiture strategies; risks related to security breaches, cybersecurity attacks or other significant disruptions of our information systems; risks related to the new DoD CMMC requirement recently issued by the Pentagon; risks associated with pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies, such as the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”); risks related to unknown defects or errors in our products; risks relating to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and the Israeli-Palestinian military conflict and the risks to our operations located in Israel; risks related to continued interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve; and competition in the marketplace, which could reduce revenues and profit margins, as well as the additional risks and uncertainties described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in “Item 1A-Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 23, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”), and in other reports that we have filed with the SEC. These forward-looking statements reflect our views and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements are made. Except as required by law, we assume no responsibility for updating any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
All references to “us,” “we,” “our,” the “Company” and “Kratos” refer to Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.
Overview
Kratos is a Technology Company in the Defense, National Security and Global markets. Kratos develops, rapidly brings to market and fields transformational technology, products, software and systems, at an affordable cost.
Through demonstrated and proven commercial and venture capital backed approaches, including proactive, internally funded research and streamlined development processes and by partnering with similar entrepreneurial entities, Kratos is focused on being first to market, well in advance of the competition, which is typically focused on and aligned with government funding cycles and the related extended development and fielding timelines. At Kratos, affordability is a technology, better is the enemy of good enough and ready today, and being first to market with relevant offerings is our key competitive advantage.
Kratos’ primary focus areas are unmanned systems, space and satellite communications, microwave electronics products, cybersecurity/warfare, rocket, hypersonic and missile defense systems, turbine technologies, and Command, Control, Communication, Computing, Combat, Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (“C5ISR”) Systems and training solutions. We believe that our technology, intellectual property, proprietary products, and software and designed-in positions on our customers’ programs, platforms and systems, and our ability to rapidly develop, demonstrate and field affordable leading technology solutions ahead of the competition, gives us a competitive advantage and creates a high barrier to entry into our markets.
Our workforce is primarily engineering and technically oriented with a significant number of employees holding National Security clearances. Much of our work is performed at customer locations, or in secure manufacturing facilities and other secured facilities. Our primary end customers are defense and national security related agencies, communications and other global enterprises. Our entire organization is focused on executing our strategy of being the disruptive, affordable, leading technology and intellectual property based product, software and system provider in our markets.
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Industry Update
On March 9, 2023, President Biden’s fiscal year 2024 budget request was submitted to Congress, initiating the 2024 defense budget authorization and appropriations legislative process. The request includes an $886 billion proposed appropriation for national defense, of which $842 billion would be for the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) base budget. The proposed legislation also caps national defense spending at $886 billion for fiscal year 2024 and $895 billion for fiscal year 2025. On June 3, 2023, President Biden signed into law a bill to suspend the $31.4 trillion debt ceiling through January 1, 2025. On July 14, 2023, the U.S. House of Representatives passed its version of a sweeping Bill setting Policy for the DoD, the Fiscal 2024 National Defense Authorization Act (“NDAA”), at $886 billion. The vote of 219-210 was largely along party lines, a departure from the typical bipartisan support for a bill that has passed every year since 1961. The Senate passed its version of the NDAA Bill on July 27, 2023 at $866 billion and included several significant differences from the previously passed U.S. House of Representative Bill. The NDAA is one of the major pieces of legislation Congress passes annually. The NDAA is closely watched by industry and other stakeholders and related interests, as the NDAA typically determines the specific spending outlays and purchases of the Department of Defense and other National Security related Agencies.
The two chambers (i.e. the House and Senate) continue the legislative process on the fiscal year 2024 budget. Final passage of the Fiscal 2024 NDAA is anticipated before the end of this calendar year. Congress will also continue efforts to reschedule appropriations bills and conference agreements, but these actions depend on the Senate calendar. On September 30, 2023, the President signed a Continuing Resolution Authorization (“CRA”) to continue funding the U.S Government at fiscal year 2023 levels through November 17, 2023, or if earlier, enactment of the Fiscal 2024 NDAA. Under such CRA, funding at amounts consistent with appropriated levels for fiscal year 2023 is available, subject to certain restrictions, but new contracts and program starts are not authorized. If Congress is not able to enact fiscal year 2024 appropriations bills or extend such CRA, the U.S Government would be subject to a shutdown, which could result in program delays or, cancellations, payment issues and/or other disruptions.
The current budget environment, including Israel and Ukraine funding support, heightened levels of inflation, related supply chain disruption, and the appropriations process, continues to create significant short and long-term industry risks. Additionally, with the recent change of party in Congress in 2022, resulting with the Democrats controlling the Senate and the Presidency and the Republicans controlling the House of Representatives, considerable uncertainty exists regarding how future budgets, funding, timing and related program decisions will unfold, including the potential differing defense spending priorities of the Biden administration and of the Congress.
We believe continued budget pressures (which are expected), CRAs, (which are also expected), future Federal Government debt ceiling issues, or Federal Government shutdowns could have serious negative consequences for the security of our country and the defense industrial base, including the Company and the related customers, employees, suppliers, investors, and communities that rely on companies in the defense industrial base. It is likely that budget and program decisions made in such an uncertain environment would have long-term implications for our Company and the entire defense industry. Additionally, funding for certain programs, including those in which we currently participate, may be reduced, delayed or cancelled, and budget uncertainty or funding cuts globally could adversely affect the viability of our customers, partners, teammates, subcontractors, suppliers, and our employee base.
We believe that our business is well-positioned in areas that the DoD and other customers indicate are priorities for future defense spending, including those based on the 2022 National Security Strategy document, the 2023 U.S. National Security related budget and NDAA and the recently released fiscal 2024 National Security Budget request and NDAA, and also the related Future Years Defense Program or five year projection of the forces, resources and programs needed to support the DoD’s strategy and operations.
However, due to a divided Congress and Executive Branch, federal budgetary uncertainty, expected CRAs, potential budgetary restrictions or limitations, defense or other spending cuts, including the budgetary impacts of support for the conflicts in Israel and Ukraine, challenges in the appropriations process, the debt ceiling issue and ongoing fiscal debates, the short and long term impacts to the industry and to our business remain uncertain.
Such a challenging federal and DoD budgetary environment may negatively impact our customers, business and programs and could have a material adverse effect on our forecasts, estimates, financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.
We continue to be affected by various unfavorable macroeconomic conditions including significant adverse supply chain disruptions that continue throughout the industry and for us, and related delays in the receipt and delivery of materials,
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parts, supplies, etc., which in certain instances and for certain items is significant. In addition, inflation and the related increased costs of inputs needed to execute our business, including materials, parts, supplies, consultants, subcontractors, vendors, etc. have significantly increased our business costs and have significantly adversely impacted our operations, profit margins and financial forecasts.
Also, a shortage of qualified labor, and the cost of that labor for the Company and its labor base is a significant operational challenge for the Company. The cost of labor has increased significantly and current challenges in hiring, obtaining and retaining employees, including those employees requiring National Security clearances, is adversely impacting Kratos’ ability to execute its business. There is also a significant industry wide labor shortage, including in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) discipline areas, and also including employees willing and/or able to obtain National Security clearances, and for high level manufacturing and production disciplines.
In addition, recent actions by the Federal Reserve to increase interest rates have impacted our interest expense on our outstanding debt borrowings and the related cost of executing Kratos’ business. Each of these matters and issues are expected to continue for the foreseeable future and are expected to continue to adversely impact the Company’s operations, financial results and financial forecasts.
Reportable Segments
The Company currently operates in two reportable segments. The KGS reportable segment is comprised of an aggregation of KGS operating segments, including our microwave electronics products, space, satellite and cyber, training solutions, C5ISR/modular systems, turbine technologies, and defense and rocket support services operating segments. The US reportable segment consists of our unmanned aerial, unmanned ground, unmanned seaborne and command, control and communications system businesses.
We organize our business segments based primarily on the nature of the products, solutions and services offered. Transactions between segments are negotiated and accounted for under terms and conditions similar to other government and commercial contracts, and these intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation. For additional information regarding our reportable segments, see Note 11 of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. From a customer and solutions perspective, we view our business as an integrated whole, leveraging skills and assets wherever possible.
Comparison of Results for the Three Months Ended October 1, 2023 to the Three Months Ended September 25, 2022
Revenues. Revenues by operating segment for the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 are as follows (dollars in millions):

| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | $ change |  | % change
Kratos Government Solutions |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 104.4 |  |  | $ | 87.3 |  |  | $ | 17.1 |  |  | 19.6 | %
Product sales | 113.5 |  |  | 91.3 |  |  | 22.2 |  |  | 24.3 | %
Total Kratos Government Solutions | $ | 217.9 |  |  | $ | 178.6 |  |  | $ | 39.3 |  |  | 22.0 | %
Unmanned Systems |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 2.1 |  |  | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | 61.5 | %
Product sales | 54.6 |  |  | 48.7 |  |  | 5.9 |  |  | 12.1 | %
Total Unmanned Systems | 56.7 |  |  | 50.0 |  |  | 6.7 |  |  | 13.4 | %
Total revenues | $ | 274.6 |  |  | $ | 228.6 |  |  | $ | 46.0 |  |  | 20.1 | %
Total service revenues | $ | 106.5 |  |  | $ | 88.6 |  |  | $ | 17.9 |  |  | 20.2 | %
Total product sales | 168.1 |  |  | 140.0 |  |  | 28.1 |  |  | 20.1 | %
Total revenues | $ | 274.6 |  |  | $ | 228.6 |  |  | $ | 46.0 |  |  | 20.1 | %

Revenues increased $46.0 million to $274.6 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $228.6 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022. Revenues in our KGS segment increased $39.3 million primarily due to a net increase of $19.7 million in our C5ISR, turbine technologies, microwave electronics products, defense and rocket support and training solutions businesses, and an increase of $19.6 million in our space and satellite communications business. Revenues in
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our US segment increased $6.7 million to $56.7 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023, primarily due to increased target drone activity as a result of timing of program contract awards and increased production volume as compared to the three months ended September 25, 2022.
Product sales increased $28.1 million to $168.1 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $140.0 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022, primarily as a result of increased production in our KGS segment and in our US segment. As a percentage of total consolidated revenues, product sales were 61.2% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 as compared to 61.2% for the three months ended September 25, 2022. Service revenues increased by $17.9 million to $106.5 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $88.6 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022, primarily related to increased activity in our turbine technologies, and space and satellite business in our KGS segment.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased $27.5 million to $201.2 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $173.7 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily related to increased activity in our turbine technologies, and space and satellite business in our KGS Segment.
Gross Margin. Gross margin increased to 26.7% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 24.0% for the three months ended September 25, 2022. Margins on services decreased to 25.8% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 26.5% for the three months ended September 25, 2022. Margins on products increased to 27.3% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 22.4% for the three months end September 25, 2022. Margins in the KGS segment increased to 27.9% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 24.7% for the three months ended September 25, 2022, primarily due to a more favorable mix of revenues. Margins in the US segment increased to 22.0% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 21.4% for the three months ended September 25, 2022, primarily due to a more favorable mix of products produced and shipped in the three months ended October 1, 2023.
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses. SG&A expenses increased $2.4 million to $50.9 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $48.5 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A decreased to 18.5% at October 1, 2023 from 21.2% at September 25, 2022.
Research and Development (“R&D”) Expenses. R&D expenses increased $0.7 million to $10.3 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from $9.6 million for the three months ended September 25, 2022, primarily due to increased development efforts in our space and satellite communications business. As a percentage of revenues, R&D decreased to 3.8% for the three months ended October 1, 2023 from 4.2% for the three months ended September 25, 2022. R&D expenses are made by the Company, typically in conjunction with our customers, for the Company to achieve a “first to market” position with our products or technology. We also invest in R&D expenses to achieve market leading “designed in” positions on major programs, platforms or systems.
Restructuring Expenses and Other. Restructuring expenses and other decreased to $0.0 million from $0.2 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively.
Total Other Expense, Net. Total other expense, net increased to $5.4 million from $5.2 million for the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, respectively. This increase in expense of $0.2 million was primarily related to an increase in interest expense of $1.3 million in the three months ended October 1, 2023 resulting from an increase in interest rates, partially offset by a decrease in expense of $1.0 million related to foreign transaction losses.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes from Continuing Operations. The income tax expense from continuing operations for the three months ended October 1, 2023 was $3.8 million and the income tax benefit from continuing operations for the three months ended September 25, 2022 was $0.8 million. For the three months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, the Company utilized the discrete effective tax rate method. The discrete method is applied when it is not possible to reliably estimate our full year effective tax rate due to significant permanent differences in relation to pre-tax book income, resulting in significant variability to our effective tax rate.
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Comparison of Results for the Nine Months Ended October 1, 2023 to the Nine Months Ended September 25, 2022
Revenues. Revenues by operating segment for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022 are as follows (dollars in millions):

| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022 |  | $ change |  | % change
Kratos Government Solutions |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 296.8 |  |  | $ | 231.3 |  |  | $ | 65.5 |  |  | 28.3 | %
Product sales | 309.7 |  |  | 258.7 |  |  | 51.0 |  |  | 19.7 | %
Total Kratos Government Solutions | $ | 606.5 |  |  | $ | 490.0 |  |  | $ | 116.5 |  |  | 23.8 | %
Unmanned Systems |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 4.0 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |  |  | 25.0 | %
Product sales | 151.8 |  |  | 155.0 |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | (2.1) | %
Total Unmanned Systems | 156.8 |  |  | 159.0 |  |  | (2.2) |  |  | (1.4) | %
Total revenues | $ | 763.3 |  |  | $ | 649.0 |  |  | $ | 114.3 |  |  | 17.6 | %
Total service revenues | $ | 301.8 |  |  | $ | 235.3 |  |  | $ | 66.5 |  |  | 28.3 | %
Total product sales | 461.5 |  |  | 413.7 |  |  | 47.8 |  |  | 11.6 | %
Total revenues | $ | 763.3 |  |  | $ | 649.0 |  |  | $ | 114.3 |  |  | 17.6 | %

Revenues increased $114.3 million to $763.3 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $649.0 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. Revenues in our KGS segment increased $116.5 million, primarily due to the net increased contribution of $21.5 million in revenues from the recent acquisition of SRI’s Engineering Division (“SRE”), a net increase of $49.1 million in our C5ISR, turbine technologies, microwave electronics products, defense and rocket support and training solutions businesses, and an increase of $45.9 million in our space and satellite communications business. Revenues in our US segment decreased $2.2 million to $156.8 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 primarily due to a reduction in tactical drone based revenues as a result of timing of program contract awards, as compared to the nine months ended September 25, 2022.
Product sales increased $47.8 million to $461.5 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $413.7 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022, primarily as a result of increased production activity in our KGS segment, offset partially by decreased volume in our US segment. As a percentage of total revenue, product sales were 60.5% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 as compared to 63.7% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. Service revenues increased by $66.5 million to $301.8 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $235.3 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. The increase was primarily a result of the recent Cosmic and SRE acquisitions as well as increased volume in the turbine technologies business.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased $82.2 million to $566.6 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $484.4 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily a result of the increase in revenues discussed above.
Gross Margin. Gross margin increased to 25.8% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 25.4% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. Margins on services decreased to 24.7% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 27.2% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. Margins on product sales increased to 26.5% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 24.3% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. Margins in the KGS segment increased to 27.1% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 26.9% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 primarily due to a more favorable mix of revenues. Margins in the US segment increased to 20.7% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 20.5% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022.
SG&A Expenses. SG&A expenses were $146.0 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and $136.3 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A decreased to 19.1% at October 1, 2023, from 21.0% at September 25, 2022.
R&D Expenses. R&D expenses were $30.4 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and $28.0 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022, with the primary increases in expenses in our space and satellite communications
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business. As a percentage of revenues, R&D expenses decreased to 4.0% for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from 4.3% for the nine months ended September 25, 2022.
Restructuring Expenses and Other. Restructuring expenses and other decreased to $0.9 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022, primarily as a result of the $5.5 million litigation charge related to the settlement of a dispute with an international customer in our US segment during the nine months ended September 25, 2022.
Total Other Expense, Net. Total other expense, net decreased to $15.9 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from $26.9 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022. The decrease in expense of $11.0 million was primarily related to the $13.0 million loss on the extinguishment of our Senior Secured Notes during the nine months ended September 25, 2022 which was partially offset by an increase in interest expense of $3.4 million during the nine months ended October 1, 2023 resulting from increased interest rates.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes from Continuing Operations. The income tax expense from continuing operations for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 was $6.9 million and the income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 was $4.6 million. For the nine months ended October 1, 2023 and September 25, 2022, the Company utilized the discrete effective tax rate method. The discrete method is applied when it is not possible to reliably estimate our full year effective tax rate due to significant permanent differences in relation to pre-tax book income, resulting in significant variability to our estimated effective tax rate.
Backlog
On October 1, 2023, we had approximately $1,165.0 million of total backlog, of which $850.9 million was funded. We expect to recognize approximately 20% of the remaining total backlog as revenue in fiscal year 2023, an additional 47% in fiscal year 2024 and the balance thereafter. Our comparable total backlog balance as of September 25, 2022, was approximately $1,068.9 million, of which $696.1 million was funded. Backlog as of October 1, 2023 as compared to September 25, 2022 has increased primarily as a result of contract awards in our Space, Satellite, Cyber and Training, Turbine Technologies, Microwave Technologies and Unmanned Systems businesses.
Total backlog is our estimate of the amount of revenue expected to be realized over the remaining life of awarded contracts and task orders that we have in hand as of the measurement date. Total backlog can include award fees, incentive fees, or other variable consideration estimated based on the most likely amount we expect to be entitled to receive, to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. Total backlog can include both funded and unfunded future revenue under government contracts. Total backlog does not include orders for which neither party has performed and which each party has the unilateral right to terminate a wholly unperformed contract without compensating the other party. As such, total backlog generally does not include options for additional performance obligations which have not been executed unless they are considered a material right of the base agreement/contract. For indefinite delivery or indefinite quantity contracts, only awarded or funded task orders are included for backlog purposes.
We define funded backlog as estimated future revenue under government contracts and task orders for which funding has been appropriated by Congress and authorized for expenditure by the applicable agency, plus an estimate of the future revenue expected to be realized from commercial contracts that are under firm orders. Funded backlog does not include the full potential value of our contracts because Congress often appropriates funds to be used by an agency for a particular program of a contract on a yearly or quarterly basis even though the contract may call for performance over a number of years. As a result, contracts typically are only partially funded at any point during their term, and all or some of the work to be performed under the contracts may remain unfunded unless and until Congress makes a subsequent appropriation and the procuring agency allocates funding to the contract.
Contracts undertaken by us may extend beyond one year. Accordingly, portions are carried forward from one year to the next as part of backlog. Because many factors affect the scheduling of projects, no assurance can be given as to when or if revenue will be realized on projects included in our backlog. Although funded backlog represents only business that is considered to be firm, we cannot guarantee that cancellations or scope adjustments will not occur. The majority of funded backlog represents contracts with terms that would entitle us to all or a portion of our costs incurred and potential fees upon cancellation by the customer.
A significant number of the programs that Kratos’ systems, products and solutions support are multi-year/multi-decade in nature. Accordingly, based on historical customer usage or operational tempo, we have reasonable expectations or visibility of what ultimate orders for Kratos’ systems, products and solutions will be. We do not include these expected amounts in our backlog until a related contract award is received.
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Management believes that year-to-year comparisons of backlog are not necessarily indicative of future revenues. The actual timing of receipt of revenues, if any, on projects included in backlog could change because many factors affect the scheduling of projects. In addition, cancellations or adjustments to contracts may occur. Backlog is typically subject to large variations from quarter-to-quarter as existing contracts are renewed or new contracts are awarded. Additionally, all U.S. Government contracts included in backlog, whether or not funded, may be terminated at the convenience of the U.S. Government.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of October 1, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $42.2 million compared with cash and cash equivalents of $81.3 million as of December 25, 2022, which includes $25.5 million and $18.9 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries. We are not presently aware of any restrictions on the repatriation of these funds, however, earnings of these foreign subsidiaries are essentially considered permanently invested in these foreign subsidiaries. If these funds were needed to fund our operations or satisfy obligations in the United States they could be repatriated, and their repatriation into the United States may cause us to incur additional foreign withholding taxes. We do not currently intend to repatriate these earnings.
Our total long-term debt decreased from $257.5 million at December 25, 2022 to $243.7 million at October 1, 2023. Under the New Credit Facility, on February 18, 2022, we completed the refinancing of our outstanding $90 million revolving credit facility and $300 million of Senior Secured Notes, with a new 5-year $200 million Revolving Credit Facility and 5-year $200 million Term Loan A. As of October 1, 2023, the Company has made $6.3 million of principal payments on Term Loan A, and has net amounts outstanding of approximately $50.0 million under the new Revolving Credit Facility, with approximately $150.0 million remaining in borrowing capacity, less $13.7 million for outstanding letters of credit (as more fully described in Note 10 of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).
On February 18, 2022, the proceeds of $300 million from the New Credit Facility, along with cash funded by us for the 3.25% call premium to redeem the Company’s outstanding Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued interest, was distributed to the trustee for redemption of the Senior Secured Notes. The redemption of the outstanding $300 million of Senior Secured Notes closed on March 14, 2022, for an amount of cash equal to 103.25% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. We incurred a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $9.8 million related to the call premium on the Senior Secured Notes and the write-off of $3.2 million of unamortized debt issuance costs resulting in a total loss on extinguishment of debt of $13.0 million.
We use our operating cash flow to finance trade accounts receivable, fund necessary increases in inventory including increasing inventory stock levels and advance buys in larger lot sizes to gain pricing benefits where possible, in order to mitigate the impact of supply chain disruptions and price increases, utilize working capital to fund revenue growth, fund internal investments of engineering costs, fund capital expenditures, our internal research and development investments and our ongoing operations, service our debt, enhance our security infrastructure, including cyber security infrastructure, and make strategic acquisitions. Financing trade accounts receivable is necessary because, on average, our customers do not pay us as quickly as we pay our vendors and employees for their goods and services because a number of our receivables are contractually billable and due to us only when certain contractual milestones are achieved. Financing increases in inventory balances are necessary to fulfill shipment requirements to meet delivery schedules of our customers, to fund advanced inventory purchases to mitigate supply chain disruptions, and to fund increased inventory levels related to revenue growth. These financing requirements have increased and have recently negatively impacted our operating cash flows due to actions we have taken to advance inventory purchases in an attempt to mitigate supply chain disruptions and to bolster our inventory levels. For the nine months ended October 1, 2023, approximately $23.7 million of operating cash flow was used to fund inventory purchases. Cash from continuing operations is primarily derived from our customer contracts in progress and associated changes in working capital components. Our days sales outstanding (“DSO”) have decreased from 134 days as of December 25, 2022 to 117 days at October 1, 2023, primarily reflecting outstanding contractual billing milestones. Our DSOs are impacted by the achievement of contractual billing milestones such as equipment shipments and deliveries on certain products, and for certain flight requirements that must be fulfilled on certain aerial target programs, or final billings which are not due until completion on certain projects, and therefore we are unable to contractually bill for amounts outstanding related to those milestones at this time. Despite the decreases in our DSOs, net increases in our receivable balances of $32.6 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 from the approximate 18 percent year over year revenue growth of the Company, have resulted in a use of operating cash flows reflecting the growth in our revenues in 2023.
In November 2019, a large training solutions program was terminated for convenience (“T for C”), by the customer. Under a T for C, a contractor is entitled to seek specified costs through a termination settlement process including (1) the contract price for completed supplies and services accepted by the government but not previously paid for; (2) the cost incurred
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in the performance of work terminated plus a reasonable profit on those costs; and (3) and its costs incurred in settling with subcontractors and preparing and settling the termination proposal. However, we will not be able to collect the total withheld amounts until the settlement terms of the T for C have been negotiated and agreed to with the customer. At October 1, 2023, approximately $4.8 million in unbilled receivables remain outstanding on this project. In March 2022, we agreed, together with the customer, to a litigation settlement of $6.0 million for a portion of the amounts outstanding on this project, which was collected in July 2022. The remaining unbilled balance of $4.8 million is subject to negotiation and settlement with the customer.
We were also in dispute with an international customer in our US segment concerning the completion of certain system requirements and contractual milestones related to a contract the Company acquired with the acquisition of CEi in 2012. In June 2022, the parties entered into a settlement agreement to resolve their dispute and to resolve all claims and counterclaims, and we are currently in the process of implementing the terms of the settlement agreement. The Company recorded a $5.5 million litigation settlement charge which is included in restructuring expenses and other in the year ended December 25, 2022.
A summary of our net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations, investing activities from continuing operations, and financing activities from continuing operations and our cash flows from discontinued operations from our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows is as follows (in millions):

| Nine Months Ended
| October 1, 2023 |  | September 25, 2022
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations | $ | (2.2) |  |  | $ | (32.3) |
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations | (24.8) |  |  | (166.9) |
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations | (12.1) |  |  | (21.4) |
Net operating cash flows of discontinued operations | — |  |  | (0.3) |

Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations was $2.2 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023. Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 was primarily a result of the net loss of $3.2 million and changes in net working capital accounts of $51.9 million partially offset by noncash charges $53.1 million which includes stock compensation, depreciation and amortization. Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations was $32.3 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 was primarily a result of the net loss of $28.3 million and the impact of working capital requirements to fund revenue growth.
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 is comprised of $33.1 million in capital expenditures partially offset by receipt of $8.3 million of proceeds from the sale of Valkyries which had been previously built as capital assets as they were produced ahead of government contract award. During the nine months ended October 1, 2023, capital expenditures of approximately $16.5 million were incurred in our US business, primarily related to our unmanned tactical initiative. We expect our capital expenditures for our fiscal year 2023 to continue to be significant for investments we are making, specifically in our US business totaling approximately $20 to $25 million. The Company made the decision in the first quarter of 2023 to move forward with its second serial production run of 12 next generation Valkyries. The total estimated amount related to production of Valkyries and related equipment, ahead of government contract award, including the first and second production run, is $16 to $18 million of the estimated 2023 capital expenditures for the US business. The Company is currently producing or anticipates producing several versions of the Valkyrie within the 24 unit production, based on routine communications with the customers, which mix and ultimate duration of the 24 Lot Build may change as a result. Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 is comprised of cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $132.2 million, and $34.8 million in capital expenditures. Cash used for acquisitions included $74.0 million related to the acquisition of the assets of SRE, $37.5 million related to the acquisition of Cosmic, $15.3 million for the remaining purchase price due on the acquisition of CTT, and a $5.4 million payment due under the acquisition agreement for KTT Core, of which we purchased a controlling interest in February 2019.
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations was $12.1 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2023, which included $3.8 million of principal payments on our $200 million Term Loan A and a $64.0 million payment (partially offset by a $54.0 million draw) on the new Revolving Credit Facility, payroll withholding taxes paid from vested restricted stock traded for taxes of $3.6 million and payments made on financing lease obligations of $1.2 million. These uses were partially offset by employee stock purchase plan receipts of $6.5 million. Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations was $21.4 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2022, and included $309.8 million used to redeem our $300 million of Senior Secured Notes including the call premium of $9.8 million, debt issuance costs of $3.2 million, payroll withholding taxes paid from vested restricted stock traded for taxes of $12.3 million and payments made on
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financing lease obligations of $1.0 million. These uses were partially offset by $300.0 million in proceeds from our New Credit Facility (partially offset by a $1.2 million principal payment on June 30, 2022) and employee stock purchase plan receipts of $6.1 million.
The net operating cash flows of discontinued operations for the nine months ended October 1, 2023 was a use of $0.0 million. The net operating cash flows of discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 25, 2022 was a use of $0.3 million.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
New Credit Facility
Under the New Credit Facility, on February 18, 2022, the Company completed the refinancing of its outstanding $90 million revolving credit facility and $300 million Senior Secured Notes, with a new 5-year $200 million Revolving Credit Facility and 5-year $200 million Term Loan A. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $3.3 million associated with the New Credit Facility. As of October 1, 2023, the Company has made $6.3 million of principal payments on Term Loan A. As of October 1, 2023, the Company has net amounts outstanding of approximately $50.0 million under the new Revolving Credit Facility, with approximately $150.0 million remaining in borrowing capacity, less $13.7 million for outstanding letters of credit.
On February 18, 2022, the proceeds of $300 million from the New Credit Facility along with cash funded by the Company for the 3.25% call premium to redeem the Company’s outstanding Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued interest, was distributed to the trustee for redemption of the Senior Secured Notes. The redemption of the Company’s outstanding $300 million 6.5% Senior Secured Notes due November 2025 closed on March 14, 2022, for an amount of cash equal to 103.25% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. The Company incurred a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $9.8 million related to the call premium on the Senior Secured Notes and the write-off of $3.2 million of unamortized debt issuance costs resulting in a total loss on extinguishment of debt of $13.0 million.
The New Credit Facility is governed by a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which establishes the 5-year senior secured credit facility which is comprised of the $200 million Revolving Credit Facility (which includes sub-facilities for the incurrence of up to $10.0 million of swingline loans and the issuance of up to $50.0 million of Letters of Credit) and the $200 million Term Loan A. The Credit Agreement contemplates uncommitted incremental credit facilities of up to $200 million (which amount would be reduced by the aggregate amount of any and all incremental credit facilities actually established under the Credit Agreement) plus additional uncommitted incremental capacity subject to a limitation based on the Company’s pro forma total net leverage ratio (including any such additional uncommitted incremental capacity).
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility and the term loan credit facility may take the form of base rate loans or SOFR loans. Base rate loans under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from time to time in effect plus the highest of (i) the Agent’s(as defined in the Credit Agreement) prime lending rate, as in effect at such time, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), as in effect at such time, plus 0.50%, (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for a one-month tenor in effect on such day, plus 1.00% and (iv) 1.00%. SOFR loans will bear interest a rate per annum equal to the sum of the Applicable Margin from time to time in effect plus the Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period (as defined in the Credit Agreement) selected by the Company of one, three or six months. The Applicable Margin varies between 1.25% and 2.25% per annum for SOFR loans and between 0.25% and 1.25% per annum for base rate loans, and is based on the Company’s total net leverage ratio from time to time.
On April 28, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract to hedge U.S. dollar-one month Term SOFR in order to fix the interest rate movements associated with the Company’s Term Loan A. The initial hedge amount was $195.0 million and amortizes in accordance with Term Loan A. The swap is at a fixed rate one-month term SOFR of 3.721% and settles monthly on the last day of each calendar month. The swap has an effective date of May 1, 2023 and terminates on May 1, 2026.
Mandatory amortization on the Term Loan A is 2.5% in each of the first and second years and 5.0% in each of the third, fourth and fifth years, with the remaining outstanding balance due at maturity. The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, which include, but are not limited to, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, fundamental changes, restricted payments, asset sales, and investments, and places limits on various other payments. The Company was in compliance with the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement as of October 1, 2023.
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6.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2025
In November 2017, the Company issued and sold $300 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes due 2025 in a private placement conducted pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $6.6 million associated with the Senior Secured Notes. The Senior Secured Notes were redeemed on March 14, 2022.
Other Indebtedness
Credit and Security Agreement
On November 20, 2017, the Company entered into the amended and restated credit and security agreement (the “Credit and Security Agreement”), which established a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $90.0 million (subject to a potential increase of the aggregate principal amount to $115.0 million, subject to the agent’s and applicable lenders’ approval), consisting of a subline for letters of credit in an amount not to exceed $50.0 million, as well as a swingline loan in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $10.0 million. The Credit and Security Agreement was replaced by the New Credit Facility on February 18, 2022.
Other Liquidity Matters
We believe that our cash on hand, together with funds available under the Credit Agreement and cash expected to be generated from operating activities, will be sufficient to fund our anticipated working capital and other cash needs for at least the next 12 months. As discussed below and in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our quarterly and annual operating results have fluctuated in the past and may vary in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are external to our control. If the conditions in our industry deteriorate or our customers cancel or postpone projects or if we are unable to sufficiently increase our revenues or further reduce our expenses, we may experience a significant long-term negative impact to our financial results and cash flows from operations. In such a situation, we could fall out of compliance with our financial and other covenants, which, if not waived, could limit our liquidity and capital resources.
Critical Accounting Principles and Estimates
The foregoing discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingencies. We base these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
There have been no significant changes to our “Critical Accounting Policies or Estimates” as compared to the significant accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Since December 25, 2022, there have been no material changes in the quantitative or qualitative aspects of our market risk profile. For additional information regarding our exposure to certain market risks, see “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Conclusions Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any
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controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Based on the foregoing, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of October 1, 2023.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We operate under the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 2013 Framework. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended October 1, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
See Note 14 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for a discussion of our legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In evaluating us and our common stock, we urge you to carefully consider the risks and other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. to Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and other reports that we have filed with the SEC. Any of the risks discussed in such reports, as well as additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial, could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition or prospects. During the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes in our risk factors as previously disclosed.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
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Item 5. Other Information.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the fiscal quarter ended October 1, 2023, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1 under the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 105b-1 trading arrangement" (as those terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K), except as described in the table below:

Name and Title | Action | Applicable Date | Expiration Date | Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangement? (Y/N)(1) | Aggregate Number of Securities Subject to Trading Arrangement
Thomas Mills | Adopt | 8/16/2023 | 3/29/2024 | Y | 16,091 |
President, C5ISR Division | (2)
Deanna Lund | Modify | 8/18/2023 | 6/30/2025 | Y | 114,567 |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | (2)
Phillip Carrai | Adopt | 9/15/2023 | 12/31/2024 | Y | 42,000 |
President, Space, Training and Cyber Solutions Division | (2)

(1)Denotes whether the trading arrangement is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c).
(2)This number represents the maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be sold pursuant to the trading arrangement. The number of shares actually sold will depend on the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the trading arrangement.
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Item 6. Exhibits.

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference |  |
Exhibit Number |  | Exhibit Description |  | Form |  | Filing Date/ Period End Date |  | Exhibit |  | Filed- Furnished Herewith
2.1 |  | Stock Purchase Agreement, dated February 28, 2018, among Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., Kratos Public Safety & Security Solutions, Inc. and Securitas Electronic Security, Inc. |  | 10-Q |  | 05/10/2018 (001-34460) |  | 2.2 |  |
2.2** |  | Purchase Agreement, dated February 27, 2019, by and among Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., Shirley Brostmeyer, (“SB”), Joseph Brostmeyer (“JB”), certain trusts established by SB, JB and members of their immediate family, and JB, as the Sellers Representative. |  | 10-Q |  | 05/08/2019 (001-34460) |  | 2.3 |  |
3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., as amended. |  | 10-K |  | 02/27/2017 (001-34460) |  | 3.1 |  |
3.2 |  | Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc., as amended. |  | 10-K |  | 02/27/2017 (001-34460) |  | 3.2 |  |
4.1 |  | Specimen Stock Certificate. |  | 10-K |  | 02/27/2017 (001-34460) |  | 4.1 |  |
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
32.1 |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for Eric M. DeMarco. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
32.2 |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for Deanna Lund. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document-the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *

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** Certain confidential information contained in this Exhibit (indicated by asterisks) has been omitted because it is both (i) not material and (ii) the type of information that the registrant treats as private or confidential.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
|  | By: | /s/ ERIC M. DEMARCO
|  |  | Eric M. DeMarco
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer, President
|  |  | (Principal Executive Officer)
|  | By: | /s/ DEANNA H. LUND, CPA
|  |  | Deanna H. Lund
|  |  | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
|  |  | (Principal Financial Officer)
|  | By: | /s/ MARIA CERVANTES DE BURGREEN, CPA
|  |  | Maria Cervantes de Burgreen
|  |  | Vice President and Corporate Controller
|  |  | (Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: | November 2, 2023 |  |

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