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Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant Accounting Policies | Significant Accounting Policies Basis of presentation and consolidation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. During fiscal 2023, the Company refined its methodology used to allocate depreciation expense for certain property and equipment to better align the expense with the related use of property and equipment. This change in allocating depreciation expense had no impact on the Company’s income from operations and net income and was applied retrospectively to fiscal 2023. Fiscal 2022 has not been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation as the impact is not material. Foreign currency translation The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s principal foreign subsidiaries is the currency of the country in which each entity operates. Accordingly, assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses have been translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the period the transactions occurred. Translation adjustments have been excluded from the results of operations and are reported as accumulated other comprehensive loss within the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses generated by the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on recorded assets and liabilities denominated in a currency different than the functional currency of the applicable entity are recorded in “Other (expense) income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations. Use of estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management evaluates such estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. In particular, the Company makes estimates with respect to the stand alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation in customer contracts with multiple performance obligations, the allowance for credit losses, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, the valuation of long-lived assets, the period of benefit for deferred commissions and material rights, income taxes, equity-based compensation expense, and the determination of the incremental borrowing rate used for operating lease liabilities, among other things. Management bases these estimates on historical experiences and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Segment information The Company operates as one operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its chief executive officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources. Business combinations When the Company acquires a business, management allocates the fair value of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities requires management to make estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. These estimates can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future, the weighted average cost of capital, the cost savings expected to be derived from acquiring an asset and the useful lives of intangible assets. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Acquisition-related transactions are expensed as incurred. Revenue recognition The Company sells subscriptions, software licenses, maintenance and support, and professional services together in contracts with its customers, which include end-customers and channel partners. The Company’s software license agreements provide customers with a right to use software for a defined term. As required under applicable accounting principles, the goods and services that the Company promises to transfer to a customer are accounted for separately if they are distinct from one another. Promised items that are not distinct are bundled as a combined performance obligation. The transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations based on the relative estimated standalone selling prices of those performance obligations. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: 1.Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer The Company considers the terms and conditions of the contract in identifying the contracts. The Company determines a contract with a customer to exist when the contract is approved, each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred can be identified, the payment terms for the services can be identified, it has been determined the customer has the ability and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. At contract inception, the Company will evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the combined or single contract includes more than one performance obligation. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit, and financial information pertaining to the customer. 2.Identification of the performance obligations in the contract Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services and the products that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services and the products is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. In identifying performance obligations, the Company reviews contractual terms, considers whether any implied rights exist, and evaluates published product and marketing information. The Company’s performance obligations consist of (a) subscription services, (b) software licenses, (c) maintenance and support for software licenses, and (d) professional services. 3.Determination of the transaction price The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. The Company’s contracts do not contain a significant financing component. 4.Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) for arrangements not including subscription services or software licenses. The Company has determined that its pricing for subscription services and software licenses is highly variable and therefore allocates the transaction price to those performance obligations using the residual approach. 5.Recognition of revenue when, or as a performance obligation is satisfied Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the control of the promised service to a customer. Revenue is recognized when control of the service is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. Subscription Subscription revenue relates to performance obligations for which the Company recognizes revenue over time as control of the product or service is transferred to the customer. Subscription revenue includes arrangements that permit customers to access and utilize the Company’s hosted software delivered on a Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) basis, term-based and perpetual licenses of the Dynatrace platform, as well as maintenance. The when-and-if available updates of the Dynatrace platform, which are part of the maintenance agreement, are critical to the continued utility of the Dynatrace platform; therefore, the Company has determined the Dynatrace platform and the related when-and-if available updates to be a combined performance obligation. Accordingly, when Dynatrace platform is sold under a term-based license, the revenue associated with this combined performance obligation is recognized ratably over the license term as maintenance is included for the duration of the license term. The Company has determined that perpetual licenses of Dynatrace platform provide customers with a material right to acquire additional goods or services that they would not receive without entering into the initial contract as the renewal option for maintenance services allows the customer to extend the utility of the Dynatrace platform without having to again make the initial payment of the perpetual software license fee. The associated material right is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the expected optional maintenance renewals. Service The Company offers implementation, consulting and training services for the Company’s software solutions and SaaS offerings. Services fees are generally based on hourly rates. Revenues from services are recognized in the period the services are performed, provided that collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured. Deferred commissions Deferred sales commissions earned by the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit which the Company has estimated to be three years. The period of benefit has been determined by taking into consideration the duration of customer contracts, the life of the technology, renewals of maintenance and other factors. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit which the Company has estimated to be three years. Amortization expense is included in “Sales and marketing” expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company periodically reviews these deferred costs to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the period of benefit of these deferred commissions. There were no impairment losses recorded during the periods presented. Deferred revenue Deferred revenue consists primarily of billed subscription and maintenance fees related to the future service period of subscription and maintenance agreements in effect at the reporting date. Deferred licenses are also included in deferred revenue for those billed arrangements that are being recognized over time. Short-term deferred revenue represents the unearned revenue that will be earned within 12 months of the balance sheet date; whereas, long-term deferred revenue represents the unearned revenue that will be earned after 12 months from the balance sheet date. Payment terms Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although the Company’s terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of payment, the Company has determined that its contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing products and services, not to receive financing from customers or to provide customers with financing. Contract modifications Contract modifications are assessed to determine (i) if the additional goods and services are distinct from the goods and services in the original arrangement; and (ii) if the amount of the consideration expected for the added goods and services reflects the stand alone selling price of those goods and services, as adjusted for contract-specific circumstances. The Company’s additional goods and services offered have historically been distinct. A contract modification meeting both criteria is accounted for as a separate contract. A contract modification not meeting both criteria is considered a change to the original contract, which the Company accounts for on a prospective basis as the termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract. Cost of revenue Cost of subscription Cost of subscription revenue includes all direct costs to deliver the Company’s subscription products including salaries, benefits, share-based compensation and related expenses, such as employer taxes, third-party hosting fees related to the Company’s cloud services, allocated overhead for depreciation of equipment, facilities, IT, and amortization of internally developed capitalized software technology. The Company recognizes these expenses as they are incurred. Cost of service Cost of service revenue includes salaries, benefits, share-based compensation and related expenses, such as employer taxes for the Company’s services organization and allocated overhead for depreciation of equipment, facilities and IT. The Company recognizes expense related to its services organization as they are incurred. Amortization of acquired technology Amortization of acquired technology includes amortization expense for technology acquired in the Thoma Bravo Funds’ acquisition of the Company in 2014, business combinations and asset acquisitions. Research and development Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs primarily include the cost of programming personnel, including share-based compensation, and allocated overhead for deprecation of equipment, facilities and IT. Advertising Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in “Sales and marketing” expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expense was $37.7 million, $36.2 million, and $49.9 million during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Leases Leases arise from contractual obligations that convey the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. At the inception of the contract, the Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease based on whether there is an identified asset and whether the Company controls the use of the identified asset. The Company also determines the classification of that lease, between financing and operating, at the lease commencement date. The Company accounts for and allocates consideration to the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. A right-of-use asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and a lease liability represents the Company’s obligation to make payments during the lease term. Right-of-use assets are recognized at the lease commencement date for the lease liability, adjusted for initial direct costs incurred and lease incentives received. Lease liabilities are recorded at the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate used to determine the present value is the incremental borrowing rate as the implicit rate for the operating leases is generally not determinable. The Company determines the incremental borrowing rate of the leases by considering various factors, such as the credit rating, interest rates of similar debt instruments of entities with comparable credit ratings, jurisdictions, and the lease term. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. The Company generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when recognizing the lease assets and liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company does not record leases with terms of 12 months or less on the consolidated balance sheets. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, investments and accounts receivable. The Company maintains the majority of its cash, cash equivalents and investments with major financial institutions that the Company believes to be of high credit standing. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts that, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company provides credit to customers in the normal course of business. The Company’s customer base consists of a large number of geographically-dispersed customers across multiple industries. As of March 31, 2024, there was one customer with a balance greater than 10% of accounts receivable. No customer represented more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2023 or 10% of revenue for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Cash and cash equivalents All highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered cash and cash equivalents. Investments The Company’s investments consist of U.S. treasury securities. These investments are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security as an adjustment to yield. Interest income is recognized when earned. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, net of tax, are included within accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company regularly reviews the securities in an unrealized loss position and evaluates the current expected credit loss by considering factors such as credit ratings, issuer-specific factors, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company does not intent to sell these investments and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Based on the evaluation of available evidence, the Company does not believe any unrealized losses on its investments as of March 31, 2024 represent credit losses. Accounts receivable, net Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of allowance for credit losses. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses based on a combination of factors. In establishing any required allowance, management considers historical losses adjusted for current market conditions, the Company’s customers’ financial condition, the amount of any receivables in dispute, the current receivables aging, current payment terms and expectations of forward-looking loss estimates. Allowance for credit losses was $4.5 million and $3.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Property and equipment, net The Company states property and equipment, net, at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The following table presents the estimated useful lives of the Company’s property and equipment:
Computer equipment and software | 3 - 5 years
Furniture and fixtures | 5 - 10 years
Leasehold improvements | Lesser of 10 years or the lease term
Goodwill and intangible assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired business over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company has elected to first assess the qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the underlying assets is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the underlying assets’ fair value is less than its carrying amount in the qualitative analysis, then a quantitative goodwill impairment test will be performed by comparing the fair value of the assets to their carrying value. For the purposes of impairment testing, the Company is evaluated as one reporting unit. Intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships, developed technology, tradenames and trademarks, all of which have a finite useful life. Intangible assets are amortized based on either the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are estimated to be realized or on a straight-line basis, which approximates the manner in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset will be consumed. There was no impairment of goodwill during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Capitalized software Software development costs associated with software developed, acquired or modified for internal use is capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post implementation stages of the project are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. These capitalized costs consist of internal compensation related costs and direct external costs. The amortization period for these capitalized costs is generally three to five years depending on the project. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company entered into a license agreement with an application security provider, resulting in $10.3 million of capitalized costs related to software developed for internal use. During the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not capitalize costs for software developed for internal use. Amortization of software developed for internal use was $0.9 million, $0.2 million, and $0.6 million during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded within “Cost of subscription” in the consolidated statements of operations. Costs related to software developed for sale are expensed as research and development until technological feasibility has been established for the product. Once technological feasibility has been established for the product, all software costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. To date, the software development costs have not been capitalized as the cost incurred and time between technological feasibility and general product release was insignificant. As such, these costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in “Research and development” in the consolidated statements of operations. Impairment of long-lived assets Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is estimated by the Company using discounted cash flows and other market-related valuation models, including earnings multiples and comparable asset market values. The Company has not incurred any impairment losses during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Income taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the consolidated financial statements and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company has the ability to permanently reinvest any earnings in its foreign subsidiaries and therefore does not recognize any deferred tax liabilities that arise from outside basis differences in its investment in subsidiaries. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred taxes will not be realized. In making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) the Company determines whether it is more likely than not that that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits on the income tax expense line the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The Company treats Global Intangible Low Taxed Income ("GILT") as a period cost. Fair value of assets and liabilities Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The hierarchical levels are as follows: •Level 1: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; •Level 2: Observable inputs, other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and •Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available. The Company’s financial instruments including cash equivalents, investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities are stated at their carrying value, which approximates their fair values due to their short maturities. Share-based compensation The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), time-based and performance-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and the purchase rights under the employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”), based on the estimated grant-date fair value of the award. The Company calculates the fair value of stock options and the purchase rights under the ESPP using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This requires the input of assumptions, including the fair value of the Company’s underlying common stock, the expected term of stock options and purchase rights, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of the Company’s common stock. The fair value of RSAs and RSUs is determined by the closing price on the date of grant of the Company’s common stock. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense following the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the entire award for stock options, RSAs and RSUs; and over the offering period for the purchase rights issued under the ESPP. For performance-based RSUs that vest based upon continued service and achievement of certain performance conditions, share-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period following the accelerated attribution method based upon the probability that the performance condition will be satisfied. Forfeitures are accounted for in the period in which the awards are forfeited. Net income per share Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities, including stock options, RSUs, RSAs, and the impact of the purchase rights of the ESPP. Recently issued accounting pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and application of all segment disclosure requirement to entities with a single reportable segment. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the Company’s fiscal 2025 and interim periods thereafter. The Company is evaluating the impact of the ASU on its disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in the income tax rate reconciliation table and disaggregates the income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on its income tax disclosures within the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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