10-Q 1 ewbc10q3312015.htm 10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
Mark One

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015
or

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 000-24939
EAST WEST BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 95-4703316
(State or other jurisdiction of |  | (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) |  | Identification No.)

135 N. Los Robles Ave, 7 th Floor, Pasadena, California 91101
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(626) 768-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer and accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
Number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock on the latest practicable date: 143,846,255 shares of common stock as of April 30, 2015.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 4
| Item 1. | Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 4
|  | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 9
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 49
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 75
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 75
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION | 75
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 75
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 75
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 75
| Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 76
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 76
| Item 5. | Other Information | 76
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 77
SIGNATURE | 77

2

Forward-Looking Statements
Certain matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contain or incorporate statements that East West Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) believes are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Rule 3b-6 promulgated thereunder. These statements relate to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business. They usually can be identified by the use of forward-looking language, such as “likely result in,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “intends to,” or may include other similar words or phrases, such as “believes,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continues,” “remain,” or similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs, such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “might,” “can,” or similar verbs. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, as they are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in the documents incorporated by reference. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind these risks and uncertainties, as well as any cautionary statements the Company may make. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Company.
There are a number of important factors that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to:

• | changes in our borrowers’ performance on loans;

• | changes in the commercial and consumer real estate markets;

• | changes in our costs of operation, compliance and expansion;

• | changes in the U.S. economy, including inflation;

• | changes in government interest rate policies;

• | changes in laws or the regulatory environment including regulatory reform initiatives;

• | changes in the economy of and monetary policy in the People’s Republic of China;

• | changes in critical accounting policies and judgments;

• | changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other regulatory agencies;

• | changes in the equity and debt securities markets;

• | changes in competitive pressures on financial institutions;

• | future credit quality and performance, including our expectations regarding future loan losses and allowance levels;

• | effect of government budget cuts and government shut down;

• | fluctuations of our stock price;

• | success and timing of our business strategies;

• | impact of reputational risk created by these developments on matters such as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity;

• | impact of potential federal tax increases and spending cuts;

• | impact of adverse judgments or settlements in litigation against the Company;

• | changes in our ability to receive dividends from our subsidiaries;

• | impact of political developments, wars or other hostilities may disrupt or increase volatility in securities or otherwise affect economic conditions; and

• | our capital requirements (including under regulatory capital standards, such as the Basel III capital standards) and our ability to generate capital internally or raise capital on favorable terms.

For a more detailed discussion of some of the factors that might cause such differences, see the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2015 (the “2014 Annual Report”), under the heading “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” and the information set forth under “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” in this Form 10-Q. The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of events or circumstances after the date of such statements except as required by law.
3

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,886,199 |  |  | $ | 1,039,885 |
Short-term investments | 325,350 |  |  | 338,714 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 1,550,000 |  |  | 1,225,000 |
Available-for-sale investment securities, at fair value | 2,841,085 |  |  | 2,626,365 |
Loans held for sale | 196,111 |  |  | 45,950 |
Loans (net of allowance for loan losses of $257,738 in 2015 and $261,679 in 2014) | 21,116,931 |  |  | 21,468,270 |
Other real estate owned, net | 32,692 |  |  | 32,111 |
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost | 28,603 |  |  | 31,239 |
Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost | 54,556 |  |  | 54,451 |
Investment in qualified affordable housing partnerships, net (1) | 182,719 |  |  | 178,962 |
Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $88,826 in 2015 and $85,409 in 2014) | 176,438 |  |  | 180,900 |
Goodwill | 469,433 |  |  | 469,433 |
Other assets (1) | 1,046,718 |  |  | 1,052,312 |
TOTAL (1) | $ | 29,906,835 |  |  | $ | 28,743,592 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |
Customer deposits: |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing | $ | 8,120,644 |  |  | $ | 7,381,030 |
Interest-bearing | 17,042,189 |  |  | 16,627,744 |
Total deposits | 25,162,833 |  |  | 24,008,774 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 317,777 |  |  | 317,241 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 695,000 |  |  | 795,000 |
Long-term debt | 220,905 |  |  | 225,848 |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 571,557 |  |  | 540,618 |
Total liabilities | 26,968,072 |  |  | 25,887,481 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12) |  |  |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 164,151,409 and 163,772,218 shares issued in 2015 and 2014, respectively; 143,820,549 and 143,582,229 shares outstanding in 2015 and 2014, respectively. | 164 |  |  | 164 |
Additional paid in capital | 1,685,699 |  |  | 1,677,767 |
Retained earnings (1) | 1,675,234 |  |  | 1,604,141 |
Treasury stock at cost—20,330,860 shares in 2015 and 20,189,989 shares in 2014. | (435,889 | ) |  | (430,198 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax | 13,555 |  |  | 4,237 |
Total stockholders’ equity (1) | 2,938,763 |  |  | 2,856,111 |
TOTAL (1) | $ | 29,906,835 |  |  | $ | 28,743,592 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
($ in thousands, except per share data, shares in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME |  |  |  |  |
Loans receivable, including fees | $ | 241,566 |  |  | $ | 261,571 |
Available-for-sale investment securities | 10,184 |  |  | 12,276 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 4,849 |  |  | 4,853 |
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock | 1,236 |  |  | 1,871 |
Due from banks and short-term investments | 5,426 |  |  | 5,602 |
Total interest and dividend income | 263,261 |  |  | 286,173 |
INTEREST EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |
Customer deposits | 16,963 |  |  | 15,882 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 1,033 |  |  | 1,045 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 8,406 |  |  | 10,078 |
Long-term debt | 1,142 |  |  | 1,202 |
Total interest expense | 27,544 |  |  | 28,207 |
Net interest income before provision for loan losses | 235,717 |  |  | 257,966 |
Provision for loan losses | 4,987 |  |  | 6,933 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 230,730 |  |  | 251,033 |
NONINTEREST INCOME (LOSS) |  |  |  |  |
Branch fees | 9,384 |  |  | 9,446 |
Letters of credit fees and foreign exchange income | 8,706 |  |  | 6,856 |
Ancillary loan fees | 2,656 |  |  | 2,472 |
Wealth management fees | 5,179 |  |  | 3,028 |
Derivative commission fee income | 5,306 |  |  | 2,760 |
Changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable | (8,422 | ) |  | (53,634 | )
Net gains on sales of loans | 9,551 |  |  | 6,196 |
Net gains on sales of available-for-sale investment securities | 4,404 |  |  | 3,418 |
Other operating income | 7,362 |  |  | 4,542 |
Total noninterest income (loss) | 44,126 |  |  | (14,916 | )
NONINTEREST EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |
Compensation and employee benefits | 64,253 |  |  | 59,277 |
Occupancy and equipment expense | 15,443 |  |  | 15,851 |
Amortization of tax credit and other investments (1) | 6,299 |  |  | 1,492 |
Amortization of premiums on deposits acquired | 2,391 |  |  | 2,500 |
Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments | 5,656 |  |  | 5,702 |
Loan related expenses | 2,340 |  |  | 2,575 |
Other real estate owned (income) expense | (1,026 | ) |  | 1,334 |
Legal expense | 6,870 |  |  | 3,799 |
Data processing | 2,617 |  |  | 8,200 |
Other operating expenses | 23,187 |  |  | 19,224 |
Total noninterest expense (1) | 128,030 |  |  | 119,954 |
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES (1) | 146,826 |  |  | 116,163 |
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (1) | 46,799 |  |  | 41,992 |
NET INCOME (1) | $ | 100,027 |  |  | $ | 74,171 |
EARNINGS PER SHARE (1) |  |  |  |  |
BASIC (1) | $ | 0.70 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
DILUTED (1) | $ | 0.69 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING |  |  |  |  |
BASIC | 143,655 |  |  | 141,962 |
DILUTED | 144,349 |  |  | 142,632 |
DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | 0.18 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
Net income (1) | $ | 100,027 |  |  | $ | 74,171 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |
Net change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale investment securities | 9,325 |  |  | 13,439 |
Net change in unrealized losses on other investments | (7 | ) |  | (17 | )
Other comprehensive income | 9,318 |  |  | 13,422 |
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (1) | $ | 109,345 |  |  | $ | 87,593 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
($ in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid In Capital Common Stock |  | Retained Earnings (1) |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2014 (1) | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 1,571,670 |  |  | $ | 1,362,278 |  |  | $ | (537,279 | ) |  | $ | (30,459 | ) |  | $ | 2,366,373 |
Net income (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 74,171 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 74,171 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,422 |  |  | 13,422 |
Stock compensation costs | — |  |  | 3,180 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,180 |
Tax benefit from stock compensation plans, net | — |  |  | 3,708 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,708 |
Issuance of 356,187 shares of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements | — |  |  | 283 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 283 |
Cancellation of 7,233 shares of common stock due to forfeitures of issued restricted stock | — |  |  | 127 |  |  | — |  |  | (127 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
195,291 shares of restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (7,074 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7,074 | )
Common stock dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | (25,950 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (25,950 | )
Issuance of 5,583,093 shares pursuant to MetroCorp acquisition | — |  |  | 73,044 |  |  | — |  |  | 117,786 |  |  | — |  |  | 190,830 |
Warrant acquired pursuant to MetroCorp acquisition | — |  |  | 4,855 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,855 |
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2014 (1) | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 1,656,867 |  |  | $ | 1,410,499 |  |  | $ | (426,694 | ) |  | $ | (17,037 | ) |  | $ | 2,623,798 |
BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2015 (1) | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | 1,677,767 |  |  | $ | 1,604,141 |  |  | $ | (430,198 | ) |  | $ | 4,237 |  |  | $ | 2,856,111 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | 100,027 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 100,027 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,318 |  |  | 9,318 |
Stock compensation costs | — |  |  | 3,954 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,954 |
Tax benefit from stock compensation plans, net | — |  |  | 3,145 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,145 |
Issuance of 379,191 shares of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements | — |  |  | 833 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 833 |
140,871 shares of restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,691 | ) |  | — |  |  | (5,691 | )
Common stock dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | (28,934 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (28,934 | )
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2015 | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | 1,685,699 |  |  | $ | 1,675,234 |  |  | $ | (435,889 | ) |  | $ | 13,555 |  |  | $ | 2,938,763 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
7

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |
Net income (1) | $ | 100,027 |  |  | $ | 74,171 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization (1) | 17,422 |  |  | 17,420 |
(Accretion) of discount and amortization of premiums, net | (18,600 | ) |  | (56,020 | )
Changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable | 8,422 |  |  | 53,634 |
Stock compensation costs | 3,954 |  |  | 3,180 |
Tax benefit from stock compensation plans, net | (3,145 | ) |  | (3,708 | )
Provision for loan losses | 4,987 |  |  | 6,933 |
Net gain on sales of available-for-sale investment securities, loans and other assets | (17,788 | ) |  | (10,458 | )
Originations and purchases of loans held for sale | — |  |  | (60,492 | )
Proceeds from sales and paydowns/payoffs in loans held for sale | 457 |  |  | 40,781 |
Net (payments to) proceeds from FDIC shared-loss agreements | (1,810 | ) |  | 4,139 |
Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets (1) | 5,980 |  |  | 41,713 |
Net change in accrued expenses and other liabilities | 26,413 |  |  | (63,610 | )
Other net operating activities | (781 | ) |  | 203 |
Total adjustments (1) | 25,511 |  |  | (26,285 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | 125,538 |  |  | 47,886 |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash paid | — |  |  | 138,465 |
Net (increase) decrease in: |  |  |  |  |
Loans | (454,194 | ) |  | (734,560 | )
Short-term investments | 13,364 |  |  | (65,793 | )
Securities purchased under resale agreements | (425,000 | ) |  | 100,000 |
Purchases of: |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities | (517,477 | ) |  | (138,149 | )
Loans receivable | (1,609 | ) |  | (974 | )
Premises and equipment | (1,741 | ) |  | — |
Investments in qualified affordable housing partnerships, tax credit and other investments | (20,861 | ) |  | (27,510 | )
Proceeds from sale of: |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities | 180,501 |  |  | 330,231 |
Loans receivable | 679,775 |  |  | 134,150 |
Other real estate owned | 4,513 |  |  | 4,986 |
Premises and equipment | 4,345 |  |  | — |
Repayments, maturities and redemptions of available-for-sale investment securities | 138,422 |  |  | 151,358 |
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 2,636 |  |  | 12,930 |
Surrender of life insurance policies | 156 |  |  | 14,769 |
Other net investing activities | (105 | ) |  | (5,512 | )
Net cash used in investing activities | (397,275 | ) |  | (85,609 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in: |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 1,154,059 |  |  | 1,096,290 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | — |  |  | (15,000 | )
Proceeds from: |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to various stock plans and agreements | 833 |  |  | 283 |
Payment for: |  |  |  |  |
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances | — |  |  | (10,000 | )
Repayment of long-term debt | (5,000 | ) |  | (15,310 | )
Repurchase of vested shares due to employee tax liability | (5,691 | ) |  | (7,074 | )
Cash dividends | (29,295 | ) |  | (26,139 | )
Tax benefit from stock compensation plans, net | 3,145 |  |  | 3,708 |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 1,118,051 |  |  | 1,026,758 |
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 846,314 |  |  | 989,035 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD | 1,039,885 |  |  | 895,820 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF THE PERIOD | $ | 1,886,199 |  |  | $ | 1,884,855 |
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |  |  |
Interest | $ | 26,707 |  |  | $ | 27,803 |
Income tax payments, net of refunds | $ | 18,458 |  |  | $ | 70,723 |
Noncash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Loans transferred to loans held for sale, net | $ | 820,473 |  |  | $ | 478,982 |
Transfers to other real estate owned | $ | 3,828 |  |  | $ | 15,628 |
Issuance of stock related to acquisition | $ | — |  |  | $ | 190,830 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
8

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 — | BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q include the accounts of East West Bancorp, Inc. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “East West” and on a consolidated basis as the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, East West Bank and subsidiaries (the “Bank”) and East West Insurance Services, Inc. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidations. As of March 31, 2015, East West has six wholly-owned subsidiaries that are statutory business trusts (the “Trusts”), one of which was the result of the acquisition of MetroCorp Bancshares, Inc. (“MetroCorp”) during the first quarter of 2014, as discussed in Note 3 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, the Trusts are not consolidated into the Company.
The interim consolidated financial statements, presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry, are unaudited and reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of financial statements for the interim periods. Certain prior year balances and notes have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. The Company restated prior period financial statements to reflect the impact of the retrospective application of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-01, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects. See Note 10 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for details. The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the year as a whole. Events subsequent to the consolidated balance sheet date have been evaluated through the date the financial statements are issued for inclusion in the accompanying financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report.

NOTE 2 — | CURRENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-01, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects. ASU 2014-01 permits reporting entities to make an accounting policy election to account for their investments in qualified affordable housing projects using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, the Company amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the amortization expense in the income statement as a component of income tax expense. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2015 with retrospective application to all periods presented. See Note 10 for details regarding this adoption.
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-04, Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40): Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure. ASU 2014-04 clarifies when an in substance repossession or foreclosure occurs that would require a transfer of mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties to other real estate owned (“OREO”). The guidance also requires disclosure of the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor and the recorded investment in residential real estate mortgage loans that are in process of foreclosure. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter 2015 with prospective application. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as this guidance was consistent with our prior practice. See Note 9 for details regarding this adoption.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The new guidance replaces existing revenue recognition guidance for contracts to provide goods or services to customers and amends existing guidance related to recognition of gains and losses on the sale of certain nonfinancial assets such as real estate. ASU 2014-09 establishes a principles-based approach to recognizing revenue that applies to all contracts other than those covered by other authoritative GAAP guidance. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are also required. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and is applied on either a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.
9

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis to improve targeted areas of the consolidation guidance and reduce the number of consolidation models. The Company may either apply the amendments retrospectively or use a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2015-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU 2015-03 simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The Company would apply the new guidance retrospectively to all prior periods. ASU 2015-03 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted if the guidance is applied as of the beginning of the annual period of adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3 — | BUSINESS COMBINATION

There were no business combinations during the quarter ended March 31, 2015.
On January 17, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of MetroCorp, parent of MetroBank, N.A. and Metro United Bank. The purchase consideration was satisfied with two thirds East West stock and one third cash. The fair value of the consideration transferred in the acquisition of MetroCorp was $291.4 million, which consisted of 5,583,093 shares of East West common stock fair valued at $190.8 million at the date of acquisition and $89.4 million in cash, $2.4 million of additional cash to MetroCorp stock option holders and a MetroCorp warrant, fair valued at $8.8 million, assumed by the Company. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. At the acquisition date, the Company recorded total fair value of assets and liabilities acquired of $1.70 billion and $1.41 billion, respectively. Goodwill from the acquisition represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and is not deductible for tax purposes. The Company recorded $121.0 million of goodwill at the MetroCorp acquisition date. During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company recorded additional tax and BOLI adjustments of $10.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively related to the MetroCorp acquisition, resulting in an increase to goodwill to $132.0 million.
Refer to Note 2 — Business Combinations in Item 8 of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the MetroCorp acquisition.

NOTE 4 — | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

In determining fair value, the Company uses various methods including market and income approaches. Based on these approaches, the Company utilizes certain assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable inputs. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques, the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy noted below. The hierarchy is based on the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices available in active markets and the lowest priority to data lacking transparency. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

• | Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

• | Level 2 — Valuation is based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable and can be corroborated by market data.

• | Level 3 — Valuation is based on significant unobservable inputs for determining the fair value of assets or liabilities. These significant unobservable inputs reflect assumptions that market participants may use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

10

In determining the appropriate hierarchy levels, the Company performs an analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to fair value disclosure. These assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at their fair values as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement.
The following tables present both financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | Assets (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of March 31, 2015
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements March 31, 2015 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 1,172,226 |  |  | $ | 1,172,226 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 411,966 |  |  | — |  |  | 411,966 |  |  | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 95,235 |  |  | — |  |  | 95,235 |  |  | — |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 727,356 |  |  | — |  |  | 727,356 |  |  | — |
Municipal securities |  | 191,246 |  |  | — |  |  | 191,246 |  |  | — |
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 51,501 |  |  | — |  |  | 51,501 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 140,401 |  |  | — |  |  | 140,401 |  |  | — |
Non-investment grade |  | 9,501 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,501 |  |  | — |
Other securities |  | 41,653 |  |  | 32,477 |  |  | 9,176 |  |  | — |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 2,841,085 |  |  | $ | 1,204,703 |  |  | $ | 1,636,382 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange options |  | $ | 3,683 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,683 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | $ | 66,060 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 66,060 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | $ | 13,340 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,340 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps on certificates of deposits |  | $ | (6,370 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6,370 | ) |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | $ | (66,914 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (66,914 | ) |  | $ | — |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | $ | (13,080 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (13,080 | ) |  | $ | — |
Embedded derivative liabilities |  | $ | (3,412 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,412 | )

11

|  | Assets (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements December 31, 2014 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 873,435 |  |  | $ | 873,435 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 311,024 |  |  | — |  |  | 311,024 |  |  | — |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 141,420 |  |  | — |  |  | 141,420 |  |  | — |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 791,088 |  |  | — |  |  | 791,088 |  |  | — |
Municipal securities |  | 250,448 |  |  | — |  |  | 250,448 |  |  | — |
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 53,918 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,918 |  |  | — |
Other commercial mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 34,053 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,053 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 115,182 |  |  | — |  |  | 115,182 |  |  | — |
Non-investment grade |  | 14,681 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,153 |  |  | 6,528 |
Other securities |  | 41,116 |  |  | 32,105 |  |  | 9,011 |  |  | — |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 2,626,365 |  |  | $ | 905,540 |  |  | $ | 1,714,297 |  |  | $ | 6,528 |
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange options |  | $ | 6,136 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,136 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | $ | 41,534 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41,534 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | $ | 8,123 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,123 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps on certificates of deposits |  | $ | (9,922 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (9,922 | ) |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | $ | (41,779 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (41,779 | ) |  | $ | — |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | $ | (9,171 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (9,171 | ) |  | $ | — |
Embedded derivative liabilities |  | $ | (3,392 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,392 | )

12

Transfers into or out of fair value hierarchy classifications are made if the significant inputs used in the financial models measuring the fair values of the assets and liabilities became unobservable or observable, respectively, in the current marketplace. The Company’s policy with respect to transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy is to recognize transfers into and out of each level as of the end of the reporting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company transferred $1.1 million of assets measured on a recurring basis out of Level 3 into Level 2 due to increased market liquidity and price observability on certain pooled trust preferred securities. There were no transfers of assets measured on a recurring basis in and out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3. The following tables present a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for major asset and liability categories measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Corporate Debt Securities: Non-Investment Grade |  | Embedded Derivatives Liabilities |  | Corporate Debt Securities: Non-Investment Grade |  | Embedded Derivatives Liabilities
Beginning balance, January 1 |  | $ | 6,528 |  |  | $ | (3,392 | ) |  | $ | 6,371 |  |  | $ | (3,655 | )
Total gains or (losses) for the period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in earnings (1) |  | 960 |  |  | (20 | ) |  | — |  |  | 257 |
Included in other comprehensive income (unrealized)(2) |  | 922 |  |  | — |  |  | 434 |  |  | — |
Purchases, issues, sales, settlements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Issues |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Sales |  | (7,219 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Settlements |  | (98 | ) |  | — |  |  | (88 | ) |  | — |
Transfer from investment grade to non-investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 |  | (1,093 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance, March 31 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,412 | ) |  | $ | 6,717 |  |  | $ | (3,398 | )
Changes in unrealized losses included in earnings relating to assets and liabilities held at the end of March 31 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (257 | )

(1) | Realized gains or losses of corporate debt securities and embedded derivative liabilities are included in net gains on sales of investment securities and other operating expense, respectively, in the consolidated statements of income.

(2) | Unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale investment securities are reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The following table presents quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements (Level 3) |  | Valuation Technique(s) |  | Unobservable Input(s) |  | Range of Inputs |  | Weighted Average
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Embedded derivative liabilities |  | $ | (3,412 | ) |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Credit risk |  | 0.03% - 0.07% |  | 0.06%
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-investment grade |  | $ | 6,528 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Constant prepayment rate |  | 0.00% - 1.00% |  | 0.73%
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Constant default rate |  | 0.75% - 1.20% |  | 0.87%
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Loss severity |  | 85.00% |  | 85.00%
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Discount margin |  | 4.50% - 7.50% |  | 6.94%
Embedded derivative liabilities |  | $ | (3,392 | ) |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Credit risk |  | 0.12% - 0.14% |  | 0.13%

13

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using significant unobservable inputs include certain non-purchased credit impaired loans (“Non-PCI loans”) and OREO. The inputs and assumptions for nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements include adjustments to external and internal appraisals for changes in the market, assumptions by appraiser embedded into appraisals, probability weighting of broker price opinions, and management’s adjustments for other relevant factors and market trends. See Note 9 for a detailed discussion of non-PCI loans.
The following tables present assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis as of March 31, 2015
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Non-PCI impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) |  | $ | 13,648 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,648 |
Commercial and Industrial (“C&I”) |  | 11,356 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,356 |
Residential |  | 14,306 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,306 |
Consumer |  | 107 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 107 |
Total non-PCI impaired loans |  | $ | 39,417 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 39,417 |
OREO |  | $ | 1,676 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,676 |

|  | Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis as of December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Non-PCI impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE |  | $ | 26,089 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,089 |
C&I |  | 16,581 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,581 |
Residential |  | 25,034 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25,034 |
Consumer |  | 107 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 107 |
Total non-PCI impaired loans |  | $ | 67,811 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 67,811 |
OREO |  | $ | 17,521 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,521 |

The following table presents fair value adjustments of certain assets measured on a nonrecurring basis recognized during the three months ended and still held as of March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Non-PCI impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE |  | $ | 841 |  |  | $ | (464 | )
C&I |  | (2,470 | ) |  | (6,530 | )
Residential |  | (239 | ) |  | (365 | )
Consumer |  | — |  |  | — |
Total non-PCI impaired loans |  | $ | (1,868 | ) |  | $ | (7,359 | )
OREO |  | $ | (277 | ) |  | $ | (526 | )

14

The following table presents quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of assets measured on a nonrecurring basis classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value Measurements (Level 3) |  | Valuation Technique(s) |  | Unobservable Input(s) |  | Range of Inputs |  | Weighted Average
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-PCI impaired loans |  | $ | 3,578 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate |  | 0% - 86% |  | 58%
|  | $ | 35,839 |  |  | Market comparables |  | Discount rate (1) |  | 0% - 100% |  | 7%
OREO |  | $ | 1,676 |  |  | Appraisal |  | Selling cost |  | 8% |  | 8%
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-PCI impaired loans |  | $ | 11,499 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate |  | 0% - 81% |  | 49%
|  | $ | 56,312 |  |  | Market comparables |  | Discount rate (1) |  | 0% - 100% |  | 4%
OREO |  | $ | 17,521 |  |  | Appraisal |  | Selling cost |  | 8% |  | 8%

(1) | Discount rate is adjusted for factors such as liquidation cost of collateral and selling costs.

The following tables present the carrying and fair values per the fair value hierarchy of certain financial instruments, excluding those measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | March 31, 2015
($ in thousands) |  | Carrying Amount |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,886,199 |  |  | $ | 1,886,199 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,886,199 |
Short-term investments |  | $ | 325,350 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 325,350 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 325,350 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements |  | $ | 1,550,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,597,101 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,597,101 |
Loans held for sale |  | $ | 196,111 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 196,111 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 196,111 |
Loans receivable, net |  | $ | 21,116,931 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,905,743 |  |  | $ | 20,905,743 |
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | $ | 28,603 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,603 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,603 |
Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock |  | $ | 54,556 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,556 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,556 |
Accrued interest receivable |  | $ | 86,186 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 86,186 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 86,186 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer deposit accounts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand, savings and money market deposits |  | $ | 18,786,462 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,786,462 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,786,462 |
Time deposits |  | $ | 6,376,371 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,358,260 |  |  | $ | 6,358,260 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |  | $ | 317,777 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 334,286 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 334,286 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements |  | $ | 695,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 751,270 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 751,270 |
Accrued interest payable |  | $ | 12,141 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,141 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,141 |
Long-term debt |  | $ | 220,905 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207,906 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207,906 |

15

|  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Carrying Amount |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,039,885 |  |  | $ | 1,039,885 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,039,885 |
Short-term investments |  | $ | 338,714 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 338,714 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 338,714 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements |  | $ | 1,225,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,191,060 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,191,060 |
Loans held for sale |  | $ | 45,950 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,950 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,950 |
Loans receivable, net |  | $ | 21,468,270 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,997,379 |  |  | $ | 20,997,379 |
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | $ | 31,239 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,239 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,239 |
Investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock |  | $ | 54,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,451 |
Accrued interest receivable |  | $ | 88,303 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 88,303 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 88,303 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer deposit accounts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand, savings and money market deposits |  | $ | 17,896,035 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,896,035 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,896,035 |
Time deposits |  | $ | 6,112,739 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,095,217 |  |  | $ | 6,095,217 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |  | $ | 317,241 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 336,302 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 336,302 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements |  | $ | 795,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 870,434 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 870,434 |
Accrued interest payable |  | $ | 11,303 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,303 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,303 |
Long-term debt |  | $ | 225,848 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 205,777 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 205,777 |

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies and significant assumptions used in estimating fair value of financial instruments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents — The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the estimated fair value is classified as Level 1.
Short-Term Investments — The fair value of short-term investments generally approximates their book value due to their short maturities. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair value, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Securities purchased under resale agreements (“Resale Agreements”) — Resale agreements with original maturities of 90 days or less are included in cash and cash equivalents. The fair value of securities purchased under resale agreements with original maturities of more than 90 days is estimated by discounting the cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates utilizing estimated market discount rates. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair values, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Available-for-Sale Investment Securities — When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of available-for-sale investment securities; such items are classified as Level 1. Level 1 available-for-sale investment securities mainly include U.S. Treasury securities. The fair values of other available-for-sale investment securities are generally determined by independent external pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities, or by average of quoted market prices obtained from independent external brokers. In obtaining such valuation information from third parties, the Company has reviewed the methodologies used to develop the resulting fair values. The available-for-sale investment securities valued using such methods are classified as Level 2.
Loans Held for Sale — The Company’s loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. These loans are comprised of single-family and student loans. The fair value of loans held for sale is derived from current market prices and comparative current sales. As such, the Company records any fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis. Loans held for sale are classified as Level 2.
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Non-PCI Impaired Loans — The Company evaluates non-PCI impaired loans on a nonrecurring basis. The fair value of non-PCI impaired loans is measured using the market comparables technique. For CRE loans and C&I loans, the fair value is based on each loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell, if the loan is collateral dependent. The fair value of collateral is based on third party appraisals or evaluations which are reviewed by the Company’s appraisal department. Updated appraisals and evaluations are obtained on a regular basis or at least annually. On a quarterly basis, all appraisals and evaluations of nonperforming assets are reviewed to assess the current carrying value and to ensure that the current carrying value is appropriate. For certain impaired loans, the Company utilizes the discounted cash flow approach and applies a discount rate derived from historical data. For impaired loans with an unpaid balance below a certain threshold, the Company applies historical loss rates to derive the fair value. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of non-PCI impaired loans are discount rates applied based on liquidation cost of collateral and selling costs. Non-PCI impaired loans are classified as Level 3.
Loans Receivable, net — The fair value of loans is determined based on a discounted cash flow approach considered for an exit price value. The discount rate is derived from the associated yield curve plus spreads, and reflects the offering rates in the market for loans with similar financial characteristics. No adjustments have been made for changes in credit within any of the loan portfolios. It is management’s opinion that the allowance for loan losses pertaining to performing and nonperforming loans results in a fair value valuation of credit for such loans. Due to the unobservable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair values, these instruments are classified as Level 3.
OREO — The Company’s OREO represents properties acquired through foreclosure or through full or partial satisfaction of loans receivable, which are recorded at estimated fair value less the cost to sell at the time of foreclosure and at the lower of cost or estimated fair value less the cost to sell subsequent to acquisition. The fair values of OREO properties are based on third party appraisals, broker price opinions or accepted written offers. Refer to the “Non-PCI Impaired Loans” section above for a detailed discussion on the Company’s policies and procedures related to appraisals and evaluations. The Company uses the market comparables valuation technique to measure the fair value of OREO properties. The significant unobservable input used is the selling cost. OREO properties are classified as Level 3.
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Stock and Federal Reserve Bank Stock — The carrying amounts of the Company’s investments in FHLB Stock and Federal Reserve Bank Stock approximate fair value. The valuation of these investments is classified as Level 2. Ownership of these securities is restricted to member banks and the securities do not have a readily determinable fair value. Purchases and sales of these securities are at par value.
Accrued Interest Receivable — The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair value, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Foreign Exchange Options — The Company entered into foreign exchange option contracts with major investment firms in 2010. The settlement amount is determined based upon the performance of the Chinese currency Renminbi (“RMB”) relative to the U.S. Dollar (“USD”) over the 5-year term of the contracts. The performance amount is computed based on the average quarterly value of the RMB compared to the USD as compared to the initial value. The fair value of these derivative contracts is provided by third parties and is determined based on the change in the RMB and the volatility of the option over the life of the agreement. The option value is derived based on the volatility of the option, interest rate, currency rate and time remaining to maturity. The Company’s consideration of the counterparty’s credit risk resulted in a nominal adjustment to the valuation of the foreign exchange options as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts, the valuation of the option contracts is classified as Level 2.
Interest Rate Swaps and Caps — The Company enters into interest rate swap and cap contracts with institutional counterparties to hedge against interest rate swap and cap products offered to bank customers. These products allow borrowers to lock in attractive intermediate and long-term interest rates by entering into an interest rate swap or cap contract with the Company, resulting in the customer obtaining a synthetic fixed rate loan. The Company also enters into interest rate swap contracts with institutional counterparties to hedge against certificates of deposit issued. This product allows the Company to lock in attractive floating rate funding. The fair value of interest rate swap and cap contracts is based on a discounted cash flow approach. The counterparty’s credit risk is considered in the valuation of interest rate swaps and caps as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts, the valuation of interest rate swaps and caps is classified as Level 2.
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Foreign Exchange Contracts — The Company enters into short-term foreign exchange contracts to purchase/sell foreign currencies at set rates in the future. These contracts economically hedge against foreign exchange rate fluctuations. The Company also enters into contracts with institutional counterparties to hedge against foreign exchange products offered to bank customers. These products allow customers to hedge the foreign exchange risk of their deposits and loans denominated in foreign currencies. The Company assumes minimal foreign exchange rate risk as the contract with the customer and the contract with the institutional party mirror each other. The fair value is determined at each reporting period based on the change in the foreign exchange rate. Given the short-term nature of the contracts, the counterparties’ credit risks are considered nominal and resulted in no adjustments to the valuation of the short-term foreign exchange contracts as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. The valuation of these contracts is classified as Level 2 due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value.
Customer Deposits — The carrying amount approximates fair value for demand and interest checking deposits, savings deposits, and certain money market deposits as the amounts are payable on demand as of the balance sheet date. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair value, these instruments are classified as Level 2. For time deposits, the fair value is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using the rates offered by the Company. Due to the unobservable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair values, time deposits are classified as Level 3.
FHLB Advances — The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, using rates currently offered by the FHLB of San Francisco for advances with similar remaining maturities at each reporting date. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair values, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Securities under repurchase agreements (“Repurchase Agreements”) — For repurchase agreements with original maturities of 90 days or less, the carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, all of the repurchase agreements were long-term in nature and the fair values of the repurchase agreements were calculated by discounting future cash flows based on expected maturities or repricing dates, utilizing estimated market discount rates, and taking into consideration the call features of each instrument. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair values, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Accrued Interest Payable — The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair value, these instruments are classified as Level 2.
Long-Term Debt — The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the cash flows through maturity based on current market rates the Company would pay for new issuances. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the estimated fair value, long-term debt is classified as Level 2.
Embedded Derivative Liabilities — During 2010, the Company entered into foreign exchange option contracts with major brokerage firms to economically hedge against foreign exchange fluctuations in certain certificates of deposits available to its customers. These certificates of deposits have a term of 5 years and pay interest based on the performance of the RMB relative to the USD. Under ASC 815, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in foreign exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e., the certificate of deposit). The fair value of these embedded derivatives is based on the discounted cash flow approach. The liabilities are divided between the portion under FDIC insurance coverage and the non-insured portion. For the FDIC insured portion, the Company applied a risk premium comparable to an agency security risk premium. For the non-insured portion, the Company considered its own credit risk in determining the valuation by applying a risk premium based on the Company's institutional credit rating. Total credit valuation adjustments on derivative liabilities were nominal as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Increases (decreases), if any, of those inputs in isolation would result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. The valuation of the embedded derivative liabilities falls within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy since the significant inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts are not directly observable.
The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of each reporting date. Although the Company is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date, and therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
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NOTE 5 — | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company issues stock options and restricted stock awards to employees under share-based compensation plans. During the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, total compensation expense related to restricted stock awards reduced income before taxes by $4.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The net tax benefit recognized in equity for stock compensation plans was $3.1 million and $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
As of March 31, 2015, there were 3,050,063 shares available to be issued, subject to the Company’s current 1998 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended.
Stock Options — The Company issues fixed stock options to certain employees, officers, and directors. Stock options are issued at the current market price on the date of grant with a four-year vesting period and contractual term of seven years. The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of stock options. The Company did not issue any stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
The following table presents the activity for the Company’s stock options as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2015:

| Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period | 42,116 |  |  | $ | 20.75 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised | (39,751 | ) |  | 21.09 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Expired | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Outstanding at end of period | 2,365 |  |  | $ | 14.95 |  |  | 0.77 years |  |  | $ | 60 |
Vested or expected to vest at end of period | 2,365 |  |  | $ | 14.95 |  |  | 0.77 years |  |  | $ | 60 |
Exercisable at end of period | 2,365 |  |  | $ | 14.95 |  |  | 0.77 years |  |  | $ | 60 |

The Company received $838 thousand and $283 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, in cash proceeds from stock option exercises. The intrinsic value of the options exercised was $693 thousand and $194 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The net tax benefit recognized from stock option exercises was $291 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to $82 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
As of March 31, 2015, all stock options are fully vested and all compensation cost related to stock options has been recognized.
Restricted Stock Awards — In addition to stock options, the Company also grants restricted stock awards to directors, officers and employees. The restricted stock awards vest ratably in three years or cliff vest in three or five years of continued employment from the date of grant. Additionally, some of the restricted stock awards include a Company financial performance requirement for vesting. The Company becomes entitled to an income tax deduction in an amount equal to the taxable income reported by the holders of the restricted stock when the restrictions are released and the shares are issued. Restricted stock awards are forfeited if officers and employees terminate employment prior to the lapsing of restrictions or if established financial goals are not achieved. The Company records forfeitures of issued restricted stock as treasury share repurchases.
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The following table presents a summary of the activity for the Company’s time-based and performance-based restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2015, including changes during the three months ended March 31, 2015:

| March 31, 2015
| Restricted Stock Awards
| Time-Based |  | Performance-Based
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Price |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Price
Outstanding at beginning of period | 751,020 |  |  | $ | 30.61 |  |  | 518,553 |  |  | $ | 29.64 |
Granted | 411,802 |  |  | 38.85 |  |  | 149,284 |  |  | 39.95 |
Vested | (207,495 | ) |  | 23.27 |  |  | (144,445 | ) |  | 22.05 |
Forfeited | (13,119 | ) |  | 34.05 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Outstanding at end of period | 942,208 |  |  | $ | 35.78 |  |  | 523,392 |  |  | $ | 35.64 |

There were no restricted stock grants to outside directors during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
Restricted stock awards are valued at the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of award. The weighted average fair values of time-based restricted stock awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were $38.85 and $36.83, respectively. The weighted average fair value of performance-based restricted stock awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were $39.95 and $36.85, respectively. The total fair value of time-based restricted stock awards vested during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 was $8.4 million and $14.6 million, respectively. The total fair value of performance-based restricted stock awards vested during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were $5.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
As of March 31, 2015, total unrecognized compensation cost related to time-based and performance-based restricted stock awards amounted to $29.3 million and $12.3 million, respectively. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.41 years and 2.29 years, respectively.

NOTE 6 — | SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER RESALE AGREEMENTS AND SOLD UNDER REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

Resale agreements
Resale agreements are recorded at the amounts at which the securities were acquired. The market values of the underlying securities collateralizing the related receivable of the resale agreements, including accrued interest, are monitored. Additional collateral may be requested by the Company from the counterparty when deemed appropriate. Gross resale agreements were $1.85 billion and $1.43 billion as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The weighted average interest rates were 1.42% and 1.55% as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Repurchase agreements
Long-term repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The collaterals for these agreements are mainly comprised of U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt and mortgage-backed securities. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. Gross repurchase agreements were $995.0 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. The weighted average interest rate was 3.70% as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
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Balance Sheet Offsetting
The Company’s resale agreements and repurchase agreements are transacted under legally enforceable master repurchase agreements that give the Company, in the event of default by the counterparty, the right to liquidate securities held and to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty. The Company nets repurchase and resale transactions with the same counterparty on the consolidated balance sheets where it has a legally enforceable master netting agreement and when the transactions are eligible for netting under ASC 210-20-45. Collateral pledged consists of securities which are not netted on the consolidated balance sheets against the related collateralized liability. Collateral accepted includes securities that are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. Collateral accepted or pledged in resale and repurchase agreements with other financial institutions also may be sold or re-pledged by the secured party, but is usually delivered to and held by the third party trustees. The following tables present resale and repurchase agreements included on the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | As of March 31, 2015
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
Resale agreements |  | $ | 1,850,000 |  |  | $ | (300,000 | ) |  | $ | 1,550,000 |  |  | $ | (350,000 | ) | (1) | $ | (1,195,203 | ) | (2) | $ | 4,797 |
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Posted |  | Net Amount
Repurchase agreements |  | $ | 995,000 |  |  | $ | (300,000 | ) |  | $ | 695,000 |  |  | $ | (350,000 | ) | (1) | $ | (345,000 | ) | (3) | $ | — |

($ in thousands) |  | As of December 31, 2014
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
Resale agreements |  | $ | 1,425,000 |  |  | $ | (200,000 | ) |  | $ | 1,225,000 |  |  | $ | (425,000 | ) | (1) | $ | (797,172 | ) | (2) | $ | 2,828 |
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Posted |  | Net Amount
Repurchase agreements |  | $ | 995,000 |  |  | $ | (200,000 | ) |  | $ | 795,000 |  |  | $ | (425,000 | ) | (1) | $ | (370,000 | ) | (3) | $ | — |

(1) | Includes financial instruments subject to enforceable master netting arrangements that are not permitted to be offset under ASC 210-20-45 but would be eligible for offsetting to the extent an event of default has occurred.

(2) | Represents the fair value of securities the Company has received under resale agreements, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized asset due from each counterparty.

(3) | Represents the fair value of securities the Company has pledged under repurchase agreements, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized liability owed to each counterparty.

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NOTE 7 — | AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value by major categories of available-for-sale investment securities:

($ in thousands) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 1,162,801 |  |  | $ | 9,586 |  |  | $ | (161 | ) |  | $ | 1,172,226 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 411,275 |  |  | 1,143 |  |  | (452 | ) |  | 411,966 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 94,330 |  |  | 1,242 |  |  | (337 | ) |  | 95,235 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 717,693 |  |  | 11,274 |  |  | (1,611 | ) |  | 727,356 |
Municipal securities |  | 187,244 |  |  | 4,800 |  |  | (798 | ) |  | 191,246 |
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade (1) |  | 50,297 |  |  | 1,310 |  |  | (106 | ) |  | 51,501 |
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade (1) |  | 141,140 |  |  | — |  |  | (739 | ) |  | 140,401 |
Non-investment grade (1) |  | 11,524 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,023 | ) |  | 9,501 |
Other securities |  | 41,543 |  |  | 436 |  |  | (326 | ) |  | 41,653 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 2,817,847 |  |  | $ | 29,791 |  |  | $ | (6,553 | ) |  | $ | 2,841,085 |
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 873,101 |  |  | $ | 1,971 |  |  | $ | (1,637 | ) |  | $ | 873,435 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 311,927 |  |  | 490 |  |  | (1,393 | ) |  | 311,024 |
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 140,957 |  |  | 1,056 |  |  | (593 | ) |  | 141,420 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 785,412 |  |  | 9,754 |  |  | (4,078 | ) |  | 791,088 |
Municipal securities |  | 245,408 |  |  | 6,202 |  |  | (1,162 | ) |  | 250,448 |
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade (1) |  | 52,694 |  |  | 1,359 |  |  | (135 | ) |  | 53,918 |
Other commercial mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade (1) |  | 34,000 |  |  | 53 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,053 |
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade (1) |  | 116,236 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,054 | ) |  | 115,182 |
Non-investment grade (1) |  | 17,881 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,200 | ) |  | 14,681 |
Other securities |  | 41,589 |  |  | 243 |  |  | (716 | ) |  | 41,116 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 2,619,205 |  |  | $ | 21,128 |  |  | $ | (13,968 | ) |  | $ | 2,626,365 |

(1) | Available-for-sale investment securities rated BBB- or higher by S&P or Baa3 or higher by Moody’s are considered investment grade. Conversely, available-for-sale investment securities rated lower than BBB- by S&P or lower than Baa3 by Moody’s are considered non-investment grade.

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Realized Gains and Losses
The following table presents the proceeds, gross realized gains, and gross realized losses related to the sales of available-for-sale investment securities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Proceeds from sales |  | $ | 180,501 |  |  | $ | 330,231 |  |
Gross realized gains |  | $ | 4,404 |  |  | $ | 3,545 |  |
Gross realized losses |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 127 |  | (1)
Related tax expense |  | $ | 1,850 |  |  | $ | 1,436 |  |

(1) | The gross $127 thousand of losses resulted from the available-for-sale investment securities acquired from MetroCorp which were sold immediately after the acquisition closed.

Declines in the fair value of securities below their cost that are deemed to be an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) are recognized in earnings to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses. The following table presents a rollforward of the amounts related to the OTTI credit losses recognized in earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Beginning balance |  | $ | 112,338 |  |  | $ | 115,511 |
Addition of OTTI that was not previously recognized |  | — |  |  | — |
Additional increases to the amount related to the credit loss for which an OTTI was previously recognized |  | — |  |  | — |
Reduction for securities sold |  | (5,650 | ) |  | — |
Ending balance |  | $ | 106,688 |  |  | $ | 115,511 |

The Company believes that it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities above before recovery of their amortized cost basis. No OTTI credit losses were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company realized a gain of $960 thousand from the sale of a non-investment grade corporate debt security with previously recognized OTTI credit losses of $5.7 million. There were no sale transactions related to non-investment grade investment securities with previously recognized OTTI credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
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Unrealized Losses
The following tables present the Company’s investment portfolio’s gross unrealized losses and related fair values, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 61,684 |  |  | $ | (37 | ) |  | $ | 50,860 |  |  | $ | (124 | ) |  | $ | 112,544 |  |  | $ | (161 | )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 144,114 |  |  | (383 | ) |  | 24,927 |  |  | (69 | ) |  | 169,041 |  |  | (452 | )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 14,119 |  |  | (141 | ) |  | 13,541 |  |  | (196 | ) |  | 27,660 |  |  | (337 | )
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 40,969 |  |  | (97 | ) |  | 103,488 |  |  | (1,514 | ) |  | 144,457 |  |  | (1,611 | )
Municipal securities |  | 26,905 |  |  | (335 | ) |  | 15,783 |  |  | (463 | ) |  | 42,688 |  |  | (798 | )
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,985 |  |  | (106 | ) |  | 6,985 |  |  | (106 | )
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 90,401 |  |  | (739 | ) |  | 90,401 |  |  | (739 | )
Non-investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,501 |  |  | (2,023 | ) |  | 9,501 |  |  | (2,023 | )
Other securities |  | 8,674 |  |  | (326 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,674 |  |  | (326 | )
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 296,465 |  |  | $ | (1,319 | ) |  | $ | 315,486 |  |  | $ | (5,234 | ) |  | $ | 611,951 |  |  | $ | (6,553 | )

|  | Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
($ in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 170,260 |  |  | $ | (266 | ) |  | $ | 163,800 |  |  | $ | (1,371 | ) |  | $ | 334,060 |  |  | $ | (1,637 | )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 69,438 |  |  | (504 | ) |  | 124,104 |  |  | (889 | ) |  | 193,542 |  |  | (1,393 | )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 45,405 |  |  | (257 | ) |  | 16,169 |  |  | (336 | ) |  | 61,574 |  |  | (593 | )
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 81,927 |  |  | (270 | ) |  | 241,047 |  |  | (3,808 | ) |  | 322,974 |  |  | (4,078 | )
Municipal securities |  | 6,391 |  |  | (26 | ) |  | 61,107 |  |  | (1,136 | ) |  | 67,498 |  |  | (1,162 | )
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,217 |  |  | (135 | ) |  | 7,217 |  |  | (135 | )
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 25,084 |  |  | (12 | ) |  | 90,098 |  |  | (1,042 | ) |  | 115,182 |  |  | (1,054 | )
Non-investment grade |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,681 |  |  | (3,200 | ) |  | 14,681 |  |  | (3,200 | )
Other securities |  | 15,885 |  |  | (716 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,885 |  |  | (716 | )
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 414,390 |  |  | $ | (2,051 | ) |  | $ | 718,223 |  |  | $ | (11,917 | ) |  | $ | 1,132,613 |  |  | $ | (13,968 | )

24

At each reporting date, the Company examines all individual securities that are in an unrealized loss position for OTTI. Specific investment related factors, such as the nature of the investments, the severity and duration of the loss, the probability of collecting all amounts due, the analysis of the issuers of the securities and whether there has been any cause for default on the securities and any change in the rating of the securities by various rating agencies, are examined to assess impairment. Additionally, the Company evaluates whether the creditworthiness of the issuer calls the realization of contractual cash flows into question. The Company takes into consideration the financial resources, intent and its overall ability to hold the securities and not be required to sell them until their fair values recover.
The majority of the total unrealized losses related to securities are related to non-investment grade corporate debt securities, residential agency mortgage-backed securities, and municipal securities. As of March 31, 2015, non-investment grade corporate debt securities, residential agency mortgage-backed securities, and municipal securities represented less than 1%, 26%, and 7%, respectively, of the total available-for-sale investment securities portfolio. As of December 31, 2014, non-investment grade corporate debt securities, residential agency mortgage-backed securities, and municipal securities represented 1%, 30%, and 10%, respectively, of the total available-for-sale investment securities portfolio. The unrealized losses on these securities were primarily attributed to yield curve movement, together with the widened liquidity spread and credit spread. The issuers of these securities have not, to the Company's knowledge, established any cause for default on these securities. These securities have fluctuated in value since their purchase dates as market interest rates have fluctuated.
Management believes the impairments detailed in the tables of gross unrealized losses above are temporary and are not impaired due to reasons of credit quality. Accordingly, no impairment loss has been recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
Available-for-Sale Investment Securities Maturities
The following table presents the scheduled maturities of available-for-sale investment securities as of March 31, 2015:

($ in thousands) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
Due within one year |  | $ | 435,764 |  |  | $ | 434,493 |
Due after one year through five years |  | 1,275,954 |  |  | 1,289,312 |
Due after five years through ten years |  | 311,367 |  |  | 311,157 |
Due after ten years |  | 794,762 |  |  | 806,123 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 2,817,847 |  |  | $ | 2,841,085 |

Actual maturities of mortgage-backed securities can differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations. In addition, such factors as prepayments and interest rates may affect the yields on the carrying values of mortgage-backed securities.
Available-for-sale investment securities with a par value of $1.88 billion and $1.93 billion were pledged to secure public deposits, FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, the Federal Reserve Bank's discount window, or for other purposes required or permitted by law as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
25

NOTE 8 — | DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following table presents the total notional and fair values of the Company’s derivatives as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
|  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value
($ in thousands) |  |  | Derivative Assets (1) |  | Derivative Liabilities (1) |  |  | Derivative Assets (1) |  | Derivative Liabilities (1)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps on certificates of deposit |  | $ | 129,096 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,370 |  |  | $ | 132,667 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,922 |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 129,096 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,370 |  |  | $ | 132,667 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,922 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange options |  | $ | 50,000 |  |  | $ | 3,683 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 85,614 |  |  | $ | 6,136 |  |  | $ | — |
Embedded derivative liabilities |  | 47,794 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,412 |  |  | 47,838 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,392 |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | 5,204,760 |  |  | 66,060 |  |  | 66,914 |  |  | 4,858,391 |  |  | 41,534 |  |  | 41,779 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | 1,037,967 |  |  | 13,340 |  |  | 13,080 |  |  | 680,629 |  |  | 8,123 |  |  | 9,171 |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 6,340,521 |  |  | $ | 83,083 |  |  | $ | 83,406 |  |  | $ | 5,672,472 |  |  | $ | 55,793 |  |  | $ | 54,342 |

(1) | Derivative assets are included in Other Assets. Derivative liabilities are included in Accrued Expenses and Other liabilities, and Deposits.

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest Rate Swaps on Certificates of Deposits — The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain fixed rate certificates of deposits due to changes in the benchmark interest rate, London Interbank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”). Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the receipt of fixed rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. The interest rate swaps and the related certificates of deposits have the same maturity dates.
In the first quarter of 2015, the Company terminated $3.6 million of interest rate swaps on certificates of deposits, as a result of certificate of deposit repurchases. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the total notional amounts of interest rate swaps on certificates of deposits were $129.1 million and $132.7 million, respectively. The fair value liabilities of the interest rate swaps were $6.4 million and $9.9 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
The following table presents the net gains (losses) recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Gains (losses) recorded in interest expense |  |  |  |
Recognized on interest rate swaps |  | $ | 3,048 |  |  | $ | 2,704 |
Recognized on certificates of deposits |  | (2,695 | ) |  | (2,937 | )
Net amount recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion) |  | $ | 353 |  |  | $ | (233 | )
Reduction in interest expense recognized on interest rate swaps |  | $ | 920 |  |  | $ | 1,824 |

26

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Foreign Exchange Options — During 2010, the Company entered into foreign exchange option contracts with major brokerage firms to economically hedge against foreign exchange fluctuations in certain certificates of deposits available to its customers. These certificates of deposits have a term of 5 years and pay interest based on the performance of the RMB relative to the USD. Under ASC 815, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in foreign exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e., the certificate of deposit). In accordance with ASC 815, both the embedded derivative instruments and the freestanding foreign exchange option contracts are recorded at fair value.
As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the notional amounts of the foreign exchange options were $50.0 million and $85.6 million, respectively. As of both March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the notional amounts of the embedded derivative liabilities were $47.8 million. The fair values of the foreign exchange options and the embedded derivative liabilities amounted to a $3.7 million asset and a $3.4 million liability, respectively, as of March 31, 2015. The fair values of the foreign exchange options and embedded derivative liabilities amounted to a $6.1 million asset and a $3.4 million liability, respectively, as of December 31, 2014.
Interest Rate Swaps and Caps — The Company enters into interest rate derivatives including interest rate swaps and caps with its customers to allow them to hedge against the risk of rising interest rates on their variable rate loans. To economically hedge against the interest rate risks in the products offered to its customers, the Company enters into mirror interest rate contracts with institutional counterparties. As of March 31, 2015, the total notional amounts of interest rate swaps and caps, including mirror transactions with institutional counterparties and the Company’s customers totaled $2.60 billion each for derivatives that were in an asset and a liability valuation position. As of December 31, 2014, the total notional amounts of interest rate swaps and caps, including mirror transactions with institutional counterparties and the Company’s customers totaled $2.45 billion for derivatives that were in an asset valuation position and $2.40 billion for derivatives that were in a liability valuation position.
The fair values of interest rate swap and cap contracts with institutional counterparties and the Company’s customers amounted to a $66.1 million asset and a $66.9 million liability as of March 31, 2015. The fair values of interest rate swap and cap contracts with institutional counterparties and the Company’s customers amounted to a $41.5 million asset and a $41.8 million liability as of December 31, 2014.
Foreign Exchange Contracts — The Company enters into short-term foreign exchange forward contracts on a regular basis to economically hedge against foreign exchange rate fluctuations. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the notional amounts of short-term foreign exchange contracts were $1.04 billion and $680.6 million, respectively. The fair values of the short-term foreign exchange contracts recorded were a $13.3 million asset and a $13.1 million liability as of March 31, 2015. The fair values of short-term foreign exchange contracts recorded were an $8.1 million asset and a $9.2 million liability as of December 31, 2014.
The following table presents the net gains (losses) recognized on the Company’s consolidated statements of income related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

|  | Location in Consolidated Statements of Income |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange options |  | Foreign exchange income |  | $ | 199 |  |  | $ | (119 | )
Foreign exchange options with embedded derivatives |  | Other operating expense |  | (141 | ) |  | 1 |
Interest rate swaps and caps |  | Other operating income |  | (594 | ) |  | (936 | )
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Foreign exchange income |  | 1,308 |  |  | (2,129 | )
Total net gains (losses) |  |  |  | $ | 772 |  |  | $ | (3,183 | )

Credit-Risk-Related Contingent Features — Certain over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts of the Company contain early termination provisions that may require the Company to settle any outstanding balances upon the occurrence of a specified credit-risk-related event. These events, which are defined by the existing derivative contracts, primarily relate to downgrades in the credit rating of East West Bank to below investment grade. In the event that East West Bank’s credit rating is downgraded to below investment grade, no additional collateral would be required to be posted since the liabilities related to such contracts were fully collateralized as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
27

Offsetting of Derivatives
The Company has entered into agreements with counterparty financial institutions, which include master netting agreements. However, the Company has elected to account for all derivatives with counterparty institutions on a gross basis. The following tables present gross derivatives in the consolidated balance sheets and the respective collaterals received or pledged in the form of other financial instruments, which are generally marketable securities and/or cash. The collateral amounts in these tables are limited to the outstanding balances of the related asset or liability (after netting is applied); thus instances of overcollateralization are not shown:

($ in thousands) |  | As of March 31, 2015
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
Derivatives |  | $ | 13,564 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,564 |  |  | $ | (6,002 | ) | (1) | $ | (6,480 | ) | (2) | $ | 1,082 |
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Posted |  | Net Amount
Derivatives |  | $ | 79,890 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 79,890 |  |  | $ | (6,002 | ) | (1) | $ | (72,018 | ) | (3) | $ | 1,870 |

($ in thousands) |  | As of December 31, 2014
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
Derivatives |  | $ | 12,396 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,396 |  |  | $ | (5,725 | ) | (1) | $ | (3,463 | ) | (2) | $ | 3,208 |
|  | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  | Financial Instruments |  | Collateral Posted |  | Net Amount
Derivatives |  | $ | 56,505 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 56,505 |  |  | $ | (5,725 | ) | (1) | $ | (49,951 | ) | (3) | $ | 829 |

(1) | Represents the netting of derivative receivable and payable balance for the same counterparty under enforceable master netting arrangements if the Company has elected to net.

(2) | Represents $6.5 million and $3.5 million of cash collateral received against derivative assets with the same counterparty that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

(3) | Represents cash and securities pledged against derivative liabilities with the same counterparty that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements. Includes approximately $19.0 million and $12.8 million of cash collateral posted as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

Refer to Note 4 for fair value measurement disclosures on derivatives.
28

NOTE 9 — | LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The Company’s loan portfolio includes originated and purchased loans. Originated and purchased loans, for which there was no evidence of credit deterioration at their acquisition date, are referred to collectively as Non-PCI loans. PCI loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. A purchased loan is deemed to be credit impaired when there is evidence of credit deterioration since its origination and it is probable at the acquisition date that the Company would be unable to collect all contractually required payments. PCI loans consist of loans acquired with deteriorated quality from the United Commercial Bank (“UCB”) FDIC assisted acquisition on November 6, 2009, the Washington First International Bank (“WFIB”) FDIC assisted acquisition on June 11, 2010 and, to a lesser extent, a small portion of loans acquired from the MetroCorp acquisition on January 17, 2014. Refer to Note 3 — Business Combination, included in this report, for further details on the MetroCorp acquisition and Note 8 — Covered Assets and FDIC Indemnification Asset of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the WFIB and UCB acquisitions.
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s non-PCI and PCI loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Non-PCI Loans |  | PCI Loans (1) |  | Total (1) |  | Non-PCI Loans |  | PCI Loans (1) |  | Total (1)
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income Producing |  | $ | 5,802,931 |  |  | $ | 652,246 |  |  | $ | 6,455,177 |  |  | $ | 5,568,046 |  |  | $ | 688,013 |  |  | $ | 6,256,059 |
Construction |  | 358,118 |  |  | 9,342 |  |  | 367,460 |  |  | 319,843 |  |  | 12,444 |  |  | 332,287 |
Land |  | 209,992 |  |  | 12,792 |  |  | 222,784 |  |  | 214,327 |  |  | 16,840 |  |  | 231,167 |
Total CRE |  | 6,371,041 |  |  | 674,380 |  |  | 7,045,421 |  |  | 6,102,216 |  |  | 717,297 |  |  | 6,819,513 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 6,799,149 |  |  | 72,301 |  |  | 6,871,450 |  |  | 7,097,853 |  |  | 83,336 |  |  | 7,181,189 |
Trade finance |  | 844,090 |  |  | 5,224 |  |  | 849,314 |  |  | 889,728 |  |  | 6,284 |  |  | 896,012 |
Total C&I |  | 7,643,239 |  |  | 77,525 |  |  | 7,720,764 |  |  | 7,987,581 |  |  | 89,620 |  |  | 8,077,201 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 3,298,775 |  |  | 214,019 |  |  | 3,512,794 |  |  | 3,647,262 |  |  | 219,519 |  |  | 3,866,781 |
Multifamily |  | 1,240,359 |  |  | 244,066 |  |  | 1,484,425 |  |  | 1,184,017 |  |  | 265,891 |  |  | 1,449,908 |
Total residential |  | 4,539,134 |  |  | 458,085 |  |  | 4,997,219 |  |  | 4,831,279 |  |  | 485,410 |  |  | 5,316,689 |
Consumer |  | 1,584,168 |  |  | 27,996 |  |  | 1,612,164 |  |  | 1,483,956 |  |  | 29,786 |  |  | 1,513,742 |
Total loans |  | $ | 20,137,582 |  |  | $ | 1,237,986 |  |  | $ | 21,375,568 |  |  | $ | 20,405,032 |  |  | $ | 1,322,113 |  |  | $ | 21,727,145 |
Unearned fees, premiums, and discounts, net |  | (899 | ) |  | — |  |  | (899 | ) |  | 2,804 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,804 |
Allowance for loan losses |  | (257,095 | ) |  | (643 | ) |  | (257,738 | ) |  | (260,965 | ) |  | (714 | ) |  | (261,679 | )
Loans, net |  | $ | 19,879,588 |  |  | $ | 1,237,343 |  |  | $ | 21,116,931 |  |  | $ | 20,146,871 |  |  | $ | 1,321,399 |  |  | $ | 21,468,270 |

(1) Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.
The Company’s CRE lending activities include loans to finance income-producing properties, construction and land loans. The Company’s C&I lending activities include commercial business financing for small and middle-market businesses in a wide spectrum of industries. Included in commercial business loans are loans for working capital, accounts receivable lines, inventory lines, Small Business Administration loans and lease financing. The Company also offers a variety of international trade finance services and products, including letters of credit, revolving lines of credit, import loans, bankers’ acceptances, working capital lines, domestic purchase financing and pre-export financing.
The Company’s residential single-family loans are primarily comprised of adjustable rate (“ARM”) first mortgage loans secured by one-to-four unit residential properties. The Company’s ARM residential single-family loan programs generally have a one-year or three-year initial fixed period. The Company’s residential multifamily loans are primarily comprised of variable rate loans that have a six-month or three-year initial fixed period. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, consumer loans were primarily composed of home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”).
29

All loans originated are subject to the Company’s underwriting guidelines and loan origination standards. Management believes that the Company’s underwriting criteria and procedures adequately consider the unique risks which may come from these products. The Company conducts a variety of quality control procedures and periodic audits, including review of criteria for lending and legal requirements, to ensure it is in compliance with its origination standards.
As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, loans totaling $14.79 billion and $14.66 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings and to provide additional borrowing capacity from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank.
Credit Quality Indicators
All loans are subject to the Company’s internal and external credit review and monitoring. Loans are risk rated based on analysis of the current state of the borrower’s credit quality. The analysis of credit quality includes a review of all repayment sources, the borrower’s current payment performance/delinquency, current financial and liquidity status and all other relevant information. For residential single-family loans, payment performance/delinquency is the driving indicator for the risk ratings. However, the risk ratings remain the overall credit quality indicator for the Company as well as the credit quality indicator utilized for estimating the appropriate allowance for loan losses. The Company utilizes an eight grade risk rating system, where a higher grade represents a higher level of credit risk. The eight grade risk rating system can be generally classified by the following categories: Pass, Watch, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. The risk ratings reflect the relative strength of the repayment sources.
Pass and Watch loans are generally considered to have sufficient sources of repayment in order to repay the loan in full in accordance with all terms and conditions. These borrowers may have some credit risks that require monitoring, but full repayments are expected. Special Mention loans are considered to have potential weaknesses that warrant closer attention by management. Special Mention is considered a transitory grade. If any potential weaknesses are resolved, the loan is upgraded to a Pass or Watch grade. If negative trends in the borrower’s financial status or other information indicates that the repayment sources may become inadequate, the loan is downgraded to a Substandard grade. Substandard loans are considered to have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the full and timely repayment of the loan. Substandard loans have a distinct possibility of loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Additionally, when management has assessed a potential for loss but a distinct possibility of loss is not recognizable, the loan is still classified as Substandard. Doubtful loans have insufficient sources of repayment and a high probability of loss. Loss loans are considered to be uncollectible and of such little value that they are no longer considered bankable assets. These internal risk ratings are reviewed routinely and adjusted due to changes in the borrowers' status and likelihood of loan repayment.
30

The following tables present the credit risk rating for non-PCI loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Pass/Watch |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Loss |  | Total Non-PCI Loans
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 5,488,698 |  |  | $ | 56,245 |  |  | $ | 257,988 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,802,931 |
Construction |  | 353,799 |  |  | 703 |  |  | 3,616 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 358,118 |
Land |  | 187,364 |  |  | 5,701 |  |  | 16,927 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 209,992 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 6,573,081 |  |  | 93,302 |  |  | 132,286 |  |  | 426 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 6,799,149 |
Trade finance |  | 788,864 |  |  | 19,726 |  |  | 35,500 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 844,090 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 3,277,085 |  |  | 3,595 |  |  | 18,095 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,298,775 |
Multifamily |  | 1,162,798 |  |  | 4,906 |  |  | 72,655 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,240,359 |
Consumer |  | 1,581,116 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 2,716 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,584,168 |
Total |  | $ | 19,412,805 |  |  | $ | 184,514 |  |  | $ | 539,783 |  |  | $ | 426 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | 20,137,582 |

($ in thousands) |  | Pass/Watch |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Loss |  | Total Non-PCI Loans
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 5,243,640 |  |  | $ | 54,673 |  |  | $ | 269,733 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,568,046 |
Construction |  | 310,259 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 9,573 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 319,843 |
Land |  | 185,220 |  |  | 5,701 |  |  | 23,406 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 214,327 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 6,836,914 |  |  | 130,319 |  |  | 130,032 |  |  | 533 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 7,097,853 |
Trade finance |  | 845,889 |  |  | 13,031 |  |  | 30,808 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 889,728 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 3,627,491 |  |  | 3,143 |  |  | 16,628 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,647,262 |
Multifamily |  | 1,095,982 |  |  | 5,124 |  |  | 82,911 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,184,017 |
Consumer |  | 1,480,208 |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | 2,743 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,483,956 |
Total |  | $ | 19,625,603 |  |  | $ | 213,007 |  |  | $ | 565,834 |  |  | $ | 533 |  |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 20,405,032 |

31

The following tables present the credit risk rating for PCI loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Pass/Watch |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total PCI Loans
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 517,827 |  |  | $ | 6,164 |  |  | $ | 128,255 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 652,246 |
Construction |  | 585 |  |  | 1,739 |  |  | 7,018 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,342 |
Land |  | 5,080 |  |  | 5,433 |  |  | 2,279 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,792 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 62,858 |  |  | 997 |  |  | 8,446 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,301 |
Trade finance |  | 3,535 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,689 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,224 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 208,238 |  |  | 745 |  |  | 5,036 |  |  | — |  |  | 214,019 |
Multifamily |  | 211,060 |  |  | — |  |  | 33,006 |  |  | — |  |  | 244,066 |
Consumer |  | 27,330 |  |  | 115 |  |  | 551 |  |  | — |  |  | 27,996 |
Total (1) |  | $ | 1,036,513 |  |  | $ | 15,193 |  |  | $ | 186,280 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,237,986 |

(1) Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.

($ in thousands) |  | Pass/Watch |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total PCI Loans
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 534,015 |  |  | $ | 9,960 |  |  | $ | 144,038 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 688,013 |
Construction |  | 589 |  |  | 1,744 |  |  | 10,111 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,444 |
Land |  | 7,012 |  |  | 5,391 |  |  | 4,437 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,840 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 70,586 |  |  | 1,103 |  |  | 11,647 |  |  | — |  |  | 83,336 |
Trade finance |  | 4,620 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,664 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,284 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 213,829 |  |  | 374 |  |  | 5,316 |  |  | — |  |  | 219,519 |
Multifamily |  | 230,049 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,842 |  |  | — |  |  | 265,891 |
Consumer |  | 29,026 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 644 |  |  | — |  |  | 29,786 |
Total (1) |  | $ | 1,089,726 |  |  | $ | 18,688 |  |  | $ | 213,699 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,322,113 |

(1) Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.
32

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
The following tables present the aging analysis on non-PCI loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Accruing Loans 30-59 Days Past Due |  | Accruing Loans 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Total Accruing Past Due Loans |  | Nonaccrual Loans Less Than 90 Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual Loans 90 or More Days Past Due |  | Total Nonaccrual Loans |  | Current Accruing Loans |  | Total Non-PCI Loans
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 9,699 |  |  | $ | 1,860 |  |  | $ | 11,559 |  |  | $ | 18,739 |  |  | $ | 11,011 |  |  | $ | 29,750 |  |  | $ | 5,761,622 |  |  | $ | 5,802,931 |
Construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | 917 |  |  | 931 |  |  | 357,187 |  |  | 358,118 |
Land |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 214 |  |  | 2,386 |  |  | 2,600 |  |  | 207,392 |  |  | 209,992 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 11,227 |  |  | 902 |  |  | 12,129 |  |  | 5,988 |  |  | 25,436 |  |  | 31,424 |  |  | 6,755,596 |  |  | 6,799,149 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | 600 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 37 |  |  | — |  |  | 37 |  |  | 843,453 |  |  | 844,090 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 7,239 |  |  | 2,402 |  |  | 9,641 |  |  | 4,731 |  |  | 4,406 |  |  | 9,137 |  |  | 3,279,997 |  |  | 3,298,775 |
Multifamily |  | 2,611 |  |  | 376 |  |  | 2,987 |  |  | 12,216 |  |  | 1,145 |  |  | 13,361 |  |  | 1,224,011 |  |  | 1,240,359 |
Consumer |  | 883 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 885 |  |  | 166 |  |  | 374 |  |  | 540 |  |  | 1,582,743 |  |  | 1,584,168 |
Total |  | $ | 31,659 |  |  | $ | 6,142 |  |  | $ | 37,801 |  |  | $ | 42,105 |  |  | $ | 45,675 |  |  | $ | 87,780 |  |  | $ | 20,012,001 |  |  | $ | 20,137,582 |
Unearned fees, premiums and discounts, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (899 | )
Total recorded investment in non-PCI loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 20,136,683 |

($ in thousands) |  | Accruing Loans 30-59 Days Past Due |  | Accruing Loans 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Total Accruing Past Due Loans |  | Nonaccrual Loans Less Than 90 Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual Loans 90 or More Days Past Due |  | Total Nonaccrual Loans |  | Current Accruing Loans |  | Total Non-PCI Loans
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 14,171 |  |  | $ | 3,593 |  |  | $ | 17,764 |  |  | $ | 19,348 |  |  | $ | 9,165 |  |  | $ | 28,513 |  |  | $ | 5,521,769 |  |  | $ | 5,568,046 |
Construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | 6,898 |  |  | 6,913 |  |  | 312,930 |  |  | 319,843 |
Land |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 221 |  |  | 2,502 |  |  | 2,723 |  |  | 211,604 |  |  | 214,327 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 3,187 |  |  | 4,361 |  |  | 7,548 |  |  | 6,623 |  |  | 21,813 |  |  | 28,436 |  |  | 7,061,869 |  |  | 7,097,853 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 73 |  |  | 292 |  |  | 365 |  |  | 889,363 |  |  | 889,728 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 6,381 |  |  | 1,294 |  |  | 7,675 |  |  | 2,861 |  |  | 5,764 |  |  | 8,625 |  |  | 3,630,962 |  |  | 3,647,262 |
Multifamily |  | 4,425 |  |  | 507 |  |  | 4,932 |  |  | 12,460 |  |  | 8,359 |  |  | 20,819 |  |  | 1,158,266 |  |  | 1,184,017 |
Consumer |  | 2,154 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 2,316 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 3,699 |  |  | 3,868 |  |  | 1,477,772 |  |  | 1,483,956 |
Total |  | $ | 30,318 |  |  | $ | 9,917 |  |  | $ | 40,235 |  |  | $ | 41,770 |  |  | $ | 58,492 |  |  | $ | 100,262 |  |  | $ | 20,264,535 |  |  | $ | 20,405,032 |
Unearned fees, premiums and discounts, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,804 |
Total recorded investment in non-PCI loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 20,407,836 |

Non-PCI loans that are 90 or more days past due are generally placed on nonaccrual status, at which point interest accrual is discontinued and all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against interest income. Additionally, non-PCI loans that are not 90 or more days past due but have identified deficiencies are also placed on nonaccrual status. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are reflected as a reduction of principal and not as interest income. A loan is returned to accrual status when the borrower has demonstrated a satisfactory payment trend subject to management's assessment of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan.
PCI loans are excluded from the above aging analysis table as such loans continue to earn interest from accretable yield, independent of performance in accordance with their contractual terms. $53.4 million and $63.4 million of PCI loans were on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
33

Loans in Process of Foreclosure
As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had $16.7 million and $16.9 million, respectively, of recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties, for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction, which were not included in OREO. Foreclosed residential real estate properties with carrying amount of $4.1 million were included in total net OREO of $32.7 million as of March 31, 2015. In comparison, foreclosed residential real estate properties with carrying amount of $3.5 million were included in total net OREO of $32.1 million as of December 31, 2014.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) is a modification of the terms of a loan when the lender, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including a below-market change in the stated interest rate, reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, extension of the maturity date with a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate or note splits referred to as A/B notes. In A/B note restructurings, the original note is bifurcated into two notes where the A note represents the portion of the original loan which allows for acceptable loan-to-value and debt coverage on the collateral and is expected to be collected in full and the B note represents the portion of the original loan where there is a shortfall in value and is fully charged off. The A/B note balance is comprised of the A note balance only. A notes are not disclosed as TDRs in subsequent years after the year of restructuring if the restructuring agreement specifies an interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk, the loan is not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement and has demonstrated a period of sustained performance under the modified terms. The Company had $2.3 million and $2.9 million of performing A/B notes as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Potential TDRs are individually evaluated and the type of restructuring is selected based on the loan type and the circumstances of the borrower’s financial difficulty in order to maximize the Company’s recovery. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company restructured $833 thousand of CRE loans through principal and interest deferments, $164 thousand of C&I loans through principal deferments and $281 thousand of residential loans through principal deferments. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company restructured $1.7 million of C&I loans through extensions, principal deferments, and other modified terms and $5.8 million of residential loans through extensions, rate reductions, principal deferments and other modified terms.
The following table presents the additions to non-PCI troubled debt restructurings during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Loans Modified as TDRs During the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Number of Contracts |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1) |  | Financial Impact (2) |  | Number of Contracts |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1) |  | Financial Impact (2)
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 828 |  |  | $ | 833 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 167 |  |  | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | (32 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | $ | 1,721 |  |  | $ | 1,691 |  |  | $ | 1,248 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | (2 | ) |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 5,823 |  |  | $ | 5,804 |  |  | $ | — |

(1) Includes subsequent payments after modification and reflects the balance as of March 31, 2015 and 2014.
(2) The financial impact includes charge-offs and specific reserves recorded at modification date.
Subsequent to restructuring, a TDR that becomes delinquent, generally beyond 90 days, is considered to have defaulted. There were no subsequent defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2015 for non-PCI loans that were modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months. Non-PCI loans that were modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months that have subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2014 consisted of one CRE TDR contract with a recorded investment of $2.7 million and one C&I TDR contract with a recorded investment of $570 thousand.
TDRs may be designated as performing or nonperforming. A TDR may be designated as performing if the loan has demonstrated sustained performance under the modified terms. The period of sustained performance may include the periods prior to modification if prior performance has met or exceeded the modified terms. A loan will remain on nonaccrual status until the borrower demonstrates a sustained period of performance, generally six consecutive months of payments.
34

TDRs are included in the impaired loan quarterly valuation allowance process. See Allowance for Loan Losses and Impaired Loans sections below for complete discussion. All portfolio segments of TDRs are reviewed for necessary specific reserves in the same manner as impaired loans of the same portfolio segment which have not been identified as TDRs. The modification of the terms of each TDR is considered in the current impairment analysis of the respective TDR. For all portfolio segments of nonperforming TDRs, when the restructured loan is deemed to be uncollectible under modified terms and its fair value is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the deficiency is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. If the loan is a performing TDR, the deficiency is included in the specific reserves of the allowance for loan losses, as appropriate. The amount of additional funds committed to lend to borrowers whose terms have been modified was immaterial as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
Impaired Loans
Impaired loans include non-PCI loans held for investment on nonaccrual status, regardless of the collateral coverage, and all non-PCI TDR loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all scheduled payments of principal or interest due according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Company’s loans are grouped into heterogeneous and homogeneous (mostly consumer loans) categories. Classified loans in the heterogeneous category are identified and evaluated for impairment on an individual basis. The Company considers loans individually reviewed to be impaired if, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, as an expedient, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, less costs to sell. When the value of an impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan and the loan is classified as nonperforming and uncollectible, the deficiency is charged-off against the allowance for loan losses. Impaired loans exclude the homogenous consumer loan portfolio which is evaluated collectively for impairment.
35

The following tables present the non-PCI impaired loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment With No Allowance |  | Recorded Investment With Allowance |  | Total Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 50,389 |  |  | $ | 28,186 |  |  | $ | 15,001 |  |  | $ | 43,187 |  |  | $ | 1,399 |
Construction |  | 916 |  |  | 916 |  |  | — |  |  | 916 |  |  | — |
Land |  | 8,234 |  |  | 2,826 |  |  | 543 |  |  | 3,369 |  |  | 175 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 43,289 |  |  | 10,815 |  |  | 28,186 |  |  | 39,001 |  |  | 17,886 |
Trade finance |  | 223 |  |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | 216 |  |  | 20 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 16,767 |  |  | 7,007 |  |  | 8,404 |  |  | 15,411 |  |  | 413 |
Multifamily |  | 29,262 |  |  | 20,200 |  |  | 6,594 |  |  | 26,794 |  |  | 279 |
Consumer |  | 1,258 |  |  | 1,150 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 1,258 |  |  | 1 |
Total |  | $ | 150,338 |  |  | $ | 71,100 |  |  | $ | 59,052 |  |  | $ | 130,152 |  |  | $ | 20,173 |

($ in thousands) |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment With No Allowance |  | Recorded Investment With Allowance |  | Total Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 57,805 |  |  | $ | 34,399 |  |  | $ | 15,646 |  |  | $ | 50,045 |  |  | $ | 1,581 |
Construction |  | 6,888 |  |  | 6,888 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,888 |  |  | — |
Land |  | 13,291 |  |  | 2,838 |  |  | 5,622 |  |  | 8,460 |  |  | 1,906 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 42,396 |  |  | 10,552 |  |  | 25,717 |  |  | 36,269 |  |  | 15,174 |
Trade finance |  | 280 |  |  | — |  |  | 274 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 28 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 17,838 |  |  | 5,137 |  |  | 11,398 |  |  | 16,535 |  |  | 461 |
Multifamily |  | 37,624 |  |  | 21,500 |  |  | 12,890 |  |  | 34,390 |  |  | 313 |
Consumer |  | 1,259 |  |  | 1,151 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 1,259 |  |  | 1 |
Total |  | $ | 177,381 |  |  | $ | 82,465 |  |  | $ | 71,655 |  |  | $ | 154,120 |  |  | $ | 19,464 |

36

The following table presents the average recorded investment and the amount of interest income recognized on non-PCI impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Recognized Interest Income (1) |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Recognized Interest Income (1)
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 44,195 |  |  | $ | 141 |  |  | $ | 67,153 |  |  | $ | 325 |
Construction |  | 3,902 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,888 |  |  | — |
Land |  | 3,438 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 12,227 |  |  | 121 |
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 39,310 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 43,726 |  |  | 207 |
Trade finance |  | 245 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 637 |  |  | 4 |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 15,423 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 17,100 |  |  | 50 |
Multifamily |  | 26,987 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 36,369 |  |  | 205 |
Consumer |  | 1,258 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 2,835 |  |  | 1 |
Total impaired non-PCI loans |  | $ | 134,758 |  |  | $ | 639 |  |  | $ | 186,935 |  |  | $ | 913 |

(1) | Includes interest recognized on accruing non-PCI TDRs. Interest payments received on nonaccrual non-PCI loans are generally reflected as a reduction of principal and not as interest income.

Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses on non-PCI loans consists of specific reserves and a general reserve. The Company’s non-PCI loans fall into heterogeneous and homogeneous categories. Impaired loans are subject to specific reserves. Loans in the homogeneous category, as well as non-impaired loans in the heterogeneous category, are evaluated as part of the general reserve. The general reserve is calculated by utilizing both quantitative and qualitative factors. There are different qualitative risks for the loans in each portfolio segment. The residential and CRE segments’ predominant risk characteristic are the collateral and the geographic location of the property collateralizing the loan. The risk is qualitatively assessed based on the total real estate loan concentration in those geographic areas. The C&I segment’s predominant risk characteristics are the global cash flows of the borrowers and guarantors and economic and market conditions. Consumer loans, excluding the student loan portfolio guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Education, are largely comprised of HELOCs for which the predominant risk characteristic is the real estate collateral securing the loans.
The Company also maintains an allowance for loan losses on PCI loans when there is deterioration in credit quality subsequent to acquisition. Based on the Company’s estimates of cash flows expected to be collected, the Company establishes an allowance for the PCI loans, with a charge to income through the provision for loan losses. As of March 31, 2015, the Company has established an allowance of $643 thousand on $1.24 billion of PCI loans. As of December 31, 2014, an allowance of $714 thousand was established on $1.32 billion of PCI loans. The allowance balances for both periods were allocated mainly to the PCI CRE loan pools.
The Company’s methodology to determine the overall appropriateness of the allowance is based on a classification migration model and qualitative considerations. The migration model examines pools of loans having similar characteristics and analyzes their loss rates over a historical period. The Company assigns loss rates to each loan grade within each pool of loans. Loss rates derived by the migration model are based predominantly on historical loss trends that may not be entirely indicative of the actual or inherent loss potential. As such, the Company utilizes qualitative and environmental factors as adjusting mechanisms to supplement the historical results of the classification migration model. Qualitative considerations include, but are not limited to, prevailing economic or market conditions, relative risk profiles of various loan segments, volume concentrations, growth trends, delinquency and nonaccrual status, problem loan trends and geographic concentrations. Qualitative and environmental factors are reflected as percentage adjustments and are added to the historical loss rates derived from the classified asset migration model to determine the appropriate allowance for each loan pool.
37

When determined uncollectible, it is the Company’s policy to promptly charge-off the difference in the outstanding loan balance and the fair value of the collateral or the discounted value of expected cash flows. Recoveries are recorded when payment is received on loans that were previously charged-off through the allowance for loan losses. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one segment of the loan portfolio does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other segments.
The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses on non-PCI loans, by portfolio segment, and PCI loans for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Non-PCI Loans |  |  |  |
($ in thousands) |  | CRE |  | C&I |  | Residential |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total |  | PCI Loans |  | Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 72,263 |  |  | $ | 134,598 |  |  | $ | 43,856 |  |  | $ | 10,248 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 260,965 |  |  | $ | 714 |  |  | $ | 261,679 |
(Reversal of) provision for loans losses |  | (2,333 | ) |  | 5,378 |  |  | (1,571 | ) |  | 664 |  |  | 2,920 |  |  | 5,058 |  |  | (71 | ) |  | 4,987 |
Provision allocation for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,920 | ) |  | (2,920 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,920 | )
Charge-offs |  | (1,002 | ) |  | (6,589 | ) |  | (746 | ) |  | (463 | ) |  | — |  |  | (8,800 | ) |  | — |  |  | (8,800 | )
Recoveries |  | 812 |  |  | 527 |  |  | 1,451 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,792 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,792 |
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries |  | (190 | ) |  | (6,062 | ) |  | 705 |  |  | (461 | ) |  | — |  |  | (6,008 | ) |  | — |  |  | (6,008 | )
Ending balance |  | $ | 69,740 |  |  | $ | 133,914 |  |  | $ | 42,990 |  |  | $ | 10,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 257,095 |  |  | $ | 643 |  |  | $ | 257,738 |
Ending balance allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 1,574 |  |  | $ | 17,906 |  |  | $ | 692 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,173 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,173 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 68,166 |  |  | 116,008 |  |  | 42,298 |  |  | 10,450 |  |  | — |  |  | 236,922 |  |  | — |  |  | 236,922 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 643 |  |  | 643 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 69,740 |  |  | $ | 133,914 |  |  | $ | 42,990 |  |  | $ | 10,451 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 257,095 |  |  | $ | 643 |  |  | $ | 257,738 |

|  | Non-PCI Loans |  |  |  |
($ in thousands) |  | CRE |  | C&I |  | Residential |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total |  | PCI Loans |  | Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 70,154 |  |  | $ | 115,184 |  |  | $ | 50,716 |  |  | $ | 11,352 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 247,406 |  |  | $ | 2,269 |  |  | $ | 249,675 |
(Reversal of) provision for loans losses |  | (7,036 | ) |  | 16,592 |  |  | (2,575 | ) |  | (196 | ) |  | 215 |  |  | 7,000 |  |  | (67 | ) |  | 6,933 |
Provision allocation for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (215 | ) |  | (215 | ) |  | — |  |  | (215 | )
Charge-offs |  | (319 | ) |  | (5,531 | ) |  | (283 | ) |  | (3 | ) |  | — |  |  | (6,136 | ) |  | — |  |  | (6,136 | )
Recoveries |  | 828 |  |  | 911 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,879 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,879 |
Net recoveries/(charge-offs) |  | 509 |  |  | (4,620 | ) |  | (146 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,257 | ) |  | — |  |  | (4,257 | )
Ending balance |  | $ | 63,627 |  |  | $ | 127,156 |  |  | $ | 47,995 |  |  | $ | 11,156 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 249,934 |  |  | $ | 2,202 |  |  | $ | 252,136 |
Ending balance allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 8,375 |  |  | $ | 16,490 |  |  | $ | 1,853 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,718 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,718 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 55,252 |  |  | 110,666 |  |  | 46,142 |  |  | 11,156 |  |  | — |  |  | 223,216 |  |  | — |  |  | 223,216 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,202 |  |  | 2,202 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 63,627 |  |  | $ | 127,156 |  |  | $ | 47,995 |  |  | $ | 11,156 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 249,934 |  |  | $ | 2,202 |  |  | $ | 252,136 |

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The following tables present the Company’s recorded investments in total loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology:

($ in thousands) |  | CRE |  | C&I |  | Residential |  | Consumer |  | Total
As of March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 47,472 |  |  | $ | 39,217 |  |  | $ | 42,205 |  |  | $ | 1,258 |  |  | $ | 130,152 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 6,323,569 |  |  | 7,604,022 |  |  | 4,496,929 |  |  | 1,582,910 |  |  | 20,007,430 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality (1) |  | 674,380 |  |  | 77,525 |  |  | 458,085 |  |  | 27,996 |  |  | 1,237,986 |
Ending Balance |  | $ | 7,045,421 |  |  | $ | 7,720,764 |  |  | $ | 4,997,219 |  |  | $ | 1,612,164 |  |  | $ | 21,375,568 |

(1) Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.

($ in thousands) |  | CRE |  | C&I |  | Residential |  | Consumer |  | Total
As of December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 65,393 |  |  | $ | 36,543 |  |  | $ | 50,925 |  |  | $ | 1,259 |  |  | $ | 154,120 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 6,036,823 |  |  | 7,951,038 |  |  | 4,780,354 |  |  | 1,482,697 |  |  | 20,250,912 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality (1) |  | 717,297 |  |  | 89,620 |  |  | 485,410 |  |  | 29,786 |  |  | 1,322,113 |
Ending Balance |  | $ | 6,819,513 |  |  | $ | 8,077,201 |  |  | $ | 5,316,689 |  |  | $ | 1,513,742 |  |  | $ | 21,727,145 |

(1) Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.
Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures and Recourse Provisions
The allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures, and recourse provisions is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated probable losses related to these unfunded credit facilities. The determination of the adequacy of the allowance is based on periodic evaluations of the unfunded credit facilities including an assessment of the probability of commitment usage, credit risk factors for loans outstanding to these same customers, and the terms and expiration dates of the unfunded credit facilities. Refer to Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.
PCI loans
As of the respective acquisition dates, PCI loans were pooled and accounted for at fair value, which represents the discounted value of the expected cash flows of the loan portfolio. The nonaccretable difference represents the Company’s estimate of the expected credit losses, which was considered in determining the fair value of the loans as of the respective acquisition dates. In estimating the nonaccretable difference, the Company (a) calculated the contractual amount and timing of undiscounted principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted contractual cash flows”) and (b) estimated the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted expected cash flows”). The difference between the undiscounted contractual cash flows and the undiscounted expected cash flows is the nonaccretable difference. The amount by which the undiscounted expected cash flows exceed the estimated fair value (the “accretable yield”) is accreted into interest income over the life of the loans.
Covered assets consist of loans receivable and OREO that were acquired in the WFIB acquisition on June 11, 2010 and in the UCB acquisition on November 6, 2009 for which the Company entered into shared-loss agreements with the FDIC. Pursuant to the terms of the shared-loss agreements, the FDIC is obligated to reimburse the Company 80% of eligible losses for both UCB and WFIB with respect to covered assets. For the UCB covered assets, the FDIC will reimburse the Company for 95% of eligible losses in excess of $2.05 billion. The Company has a corresponding obligation to reimburse the FDIC for 80% or 95%, as applicable, of eligible recoveries with respect to covered assets. The shared-loss coverage of the UCB commercial loans ended after December 31, 2014. The shared-loss coverage of the WFIB commercial loans will extend through June 30, 2015. The shared-loss coverage for both UCB and WFIB residential loans will extend through November 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 8 — Covered Assets and FDIC Indemnification Asset of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the shared-loss agreements. Of the total $1.24 billion PCI loans as of March 31, 2015, $311.6 million were covered under shared-loss agreements. Of the total $1.32 billion PCI loans as of December 31, 2014, $1.23 billion were covered under shared-loss agreements. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, $354.4 million and $1.48 billion of total loans were covered under shared-loss agreements, respectively.
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The following table presents the changes in the accretable yield for the PCI loans for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Beginning balance |  | $ | 311,688 |  |  | $ | 461,545 |
Additions |  | — |  |  | 6,745 |
Accretion |  | (30,569 | ) |  | (61,946 | )
Changes in expected cash flows |  | 12,036 |  |  | 24,112 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 293,155 |  |  | $ | 430,456 |

FDIC Indemnification Asset/Net Payable to FDIC
The Company is amortizing the difference between the recorded amount of the FDIC indemnification asset and the expected reimbursement from the FDIC over the life of the indemnification asset. Due to continued payoffs and improved credit performance of the covered portfolio as compared to the Company’s original estimates, the expected reimbursement from the FDIC under the shared-loss agreements has decreased and a net payable to the FDIC has been recorded. In prior years, due to the estimated losses from the covered portfolio and the corresponding expected payments from the FDIC, the Company recorded an FDIC indemnification asset. As of March 31, 2015, a net payable to the FDIC of $101.4 million is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. In comparison, as of March 31, 2014, the Company recorded a net FDIC indemnification asset of $27.6 million, which is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
The following table presents a summary of the FDIC indemnification asset/net payable to the FDIC for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Beginning balance |  | $ | (96,106 | ) |  | $ | 74,708 |
Amortization |  | (1,542 | ) |  | (28,490 | )
Reductions (1) |  | (649 | ) |  | (11,842 | )
Estimate of FDIC repayment (2) |  | (3,114 | ) |  | (6,824 | )
Ending balance |  | $ | (101,411 | ) |  | $ | 27,552 |

(1) | Reductions relate to charge-offs, partial prepayments, loan payoffs and loan sales which result in a corresponding reduction of the indemnification asset.

(2) | This represents the change in the calculated estimate the Company will be required to pay the FDIC at the end of the FDIC shared-loss agreements, due to lower thresholds of losses.

Loans Held for Sale
Loans held for sale were $196.1 million and $46.0 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is derived from current market prices. $820.5 million and $479.0 million of net loans receivable were reclassified from loans held-for-investment to loans held for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Loans transferred were primarily comprised of C&I and residential single-family loans for the three months ended March 31, 2015. In comparison, loans transferred were primarily comprised of student loans for the three months ended March 31, 2014. These loans were purchased by the Company with the original intent to be held for investment. However, subsequent to the purchase, the Company’s intent for these loans changed and they were consequently reclassified to loans held for sale. The Company recorded $1.7 million in write-downs related to loans transferred from loans held-for-investment to loans held for sale to allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2015. There were no write-downs recorded on loans transferred from loans held-for-investment to loans held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
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Proceeds from total loans sold were $679.8 million, resulting in net gains of $9.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Loans sold during the first quarter of 2015 comprised of C&I, residential single-family and consumer loans. In comparison, proceeds from total loans sold were $183.6 million, resulting in net gains of $6.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014. Loans sold during the first quarter of 2014 were comprised of student and C&I loans.

NOTE 10 — | INVESTMENTS IN QUALIFIED AFFORDABLE HOUSING PARTNERSHIPS, NET, TAX CREDIT AND OTHER INVESTMENTS

The Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) encourages banks to meet the credit needs of their communities for housing and other purposes, particularly in neighborhoods with low or moderate incomes. The Company invests in certain affordable housing limited partnerships that qualify for CRA credits. Such limited partnerships are formed to develop and operate apartment complexes designed as high-quality affordable housing for lower income tenants throughout the United States. Each of the partnerships must meet the regulatory requirements for affordable housing for a minimum 15-year compliance period to fully utilize the tax credits. In addition to affordable housing limited partnerships, the Company invests in new market tax credit projects that qualify for CRA credits. The Company also invests in eligible projects that qualify for renewable energy and historic tax credits. Investments in renewable energy tax credits help promote the development of renewable energy sources, while the investments in historic tax credits promote the rehabilitation of historic buildings and economic revitalization of the surrounding areas.
Investments in qualified affordable housing partnership, net
As discussed in Note 2, the Company adopted ASU 2014-01 on January 1, 2015 with retrospective application to all periods presented. Prior to adopting ASU 2014-01, the Company applied the equity method or the cost method of accounting depending on the ownership percentage and the influence the Company has on these limited partnerships. The amortization of the investments in affordable housing limited partnerships was previously presented under Noninterest Expense. Under the proportional amortization method, the Company now amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognize the amortization in the income statement as a component of income tax expense.
The following tables present the impact of the new accounting guidance on the consolidated balance sheet and statement of income as of the periods indicated:

|  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | As Previously Reported |  | As Revised
Consolidated Balance Sheet: |  |  |  |
Investment in qualified affordable housing partnerships, net |  | $ | 178,652 |  |  | $ | 178,962 |
Other assets — Deferred tax assets |  | $ | 384,367 |  |  | $ | 389,601 |
Retained earnings |  | $ | 1,598,598 |  |  | $ | 1,604,141 |

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | As Previously Reported |  | As Revised
Consolidated Statement of Income: |  |  |  |
Noninterest expense — Amortization of tax credit and other investments |  | $ | 5,964 |  |  | $ | 1,492 |
Income before taxes |  | $ | 111,690 |  |  | $ | 116,163 |
Provision for income taxes |  | $ | 34,949 |  |  | $ | 41,992 |
Net income |  | $ | 76,741 |  |  | $ | 74,171 |
Earnings per share |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
Diluted |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |

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The following table presents the balances of the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing partnerships, net and related unfunded commitments as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
Investment in qualified affordable housing partnerships, net |  | $ | 182,719 |  |  | $ | 178,962 |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities — Unfunded commitments |  | $ | 50,884 |  |  | $ | 43,311 |

The following table presents other information related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing partnerships, net for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Tax credits and other tax benefits recognized |  | $ | 8,775 |  |  | $ | 7,792 |
Amortization expense included in provision for income taxes |  | $ | 6,244 |  |  | $ | 5,357 |

Investments in tax credit and other investments
Investments in tax credit and other investments were $117.0 million and $110.1 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, and were included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company is not the primary beneficiary in these partnerships and, therefore is not required to consolidate its investments in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated financial statements. Depending on the ownership percentage and the influence the Company has on a limited partnership, the Company applies either the equity or cost method of accounting. Total unfunded commitments for these investments of $66.2 million and $71.4 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, were included in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities. Amortization of tax credit and other investments was $6.3 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

NOTE 11 — | GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill
As of both March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the carrying amount of goodwill was $469.4 million.
Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis as of December 31, or more frequently as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company's reporting units are equivalent to the Company's operating segments. For additional information regarding the Company's operating segments, refer to Note 14 - Business Segments, presented elsewhere in this report. The Company records impairment write-downs as charges to noninterest expense and adjustments to the carrying value of goodwill. Subsequent reversals of goodwill impairment are prohibited.
The Company performed its annual impairment test as of December 31, 2014 and determined that there was no goodwill impairment as of December 31, 2014 as the fair values of all reporting units exceeded the then current carrying amounts of the goodwill. There were no triggering events during the quarter ended March 31, 2015 and therefore no additional goodwill impairment test was performed. No assurance can be given that goodwill will not be written down in future periods. Refer to Note 11 — Goodwill and other Intangible Assets in Item 8 of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the Company's annual goodwill impairment analysis.
Premiums on Acquired Deposits
Premiums on acquired deposits represent the intangible value of depositor relationships resulting from deposit liabilities assumed in various acquisitions. These intangibles are tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as events occur, or as current circumstances and conditions warrant. As of both March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the gross carrying amount of premiums on acquired deposits was $108.8 million. The related accumulated amortization totaled $65.9 million and $63.5 million, as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
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The Company amortizes premiums on acquired deposits based on the projected useful lives of the related deposits. Amortization expense of premiums on acquired deposits was $2.4 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company did not record any impairment write-downs on deposit premiums for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
The following table presents the estimated future amortization expense of premiums on acquired deposits for the succeeding five years and thereafter:

Estimated Amortization Expense of Premiums on Acquired Deposits |  | Amount
|  | ($ in thousands)
Nine months ending December 31, 2015 |  | $ | 6,842 |
Year ending December 31, 2016 |  | 8,086 |
Year ending December 31, 2017 |  | 6,935 |
Year ending December 31, 2018 |  | 5,883 |
Year ending December 31, 2019 |  | 4,864 |
Thereafter |  | 10,307 |
Total |  | $ | 42,917 |

NOTE 12 — | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Credit Extensions — In the normal course of business, the Company has various outstanding commitments to extend credit that are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. While the Company does not anticipate losses as a result of these transactions, commitments to extend credit are included in determining the appropriate level of the allowance for unfunded commitments and credit exposures.
Loan commitments are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the agreement. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses. Because many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future funding requirements. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, undisbursed loan commitments amounted to $3.71 billion and $3.87 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 all undisbursed loan commitments were for loans held for investment.
Commercial letters of credit are issued to facilitate domestic and foreign trade transactions while standby letters of credit (“SBLCs”) are issued to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, commercial letters of credit and SBLCs totaled $1.44 billion and $1.25 billion, respectively. The Company issues SBLCs and financial guarantees to support the obligations of its customers to beneficiaries. Based on historical trends, the probability that it will have to make payments under SBLCs is low. Additionally, in many cases, the Company holds collateral in various forms against these SBLCs. As part of its risk management activities, the Company monitors the creditworthiness of the customer as well as its SBLCs exposure. If the customer fails to perform the specified obligation to the beneficiary, the beneficiary may draw upon the SBLCs by presenting documents that are in compliance with the letter of credit terms. In that event, the Company either repays the money borrowed or advanced, makes payment on account of the indebtedness of the customer or makes payment on account of the default by the customer in the performance of an obligation, to the beneficiary up to the full notional amount of the SBLCs. The customer is obligated to reimburse the Company for any such payment. If the customer fails to pay, the Company would, as applicable, liquidate collateral and/or offset accounts.
Credit card lines are unsecured commitments that are not legally binding. Management reviews credit card lines at least annually and, upon evaluation of the customers’ creditworthiness, the Bank has the right to terminate or change certain terms of the credit card lines.
The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as in extending loan facilities to customers. It evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties.
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As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures, and recourse provision amounted to $15.6 million and $12.7 million, respectively. These amounts were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Guarantees — The Company has sold or securitized loans with recourse in the ordinary course of business. For loans that have been sold or securitized with recourse, the recourse component is considered a guarantee. As such, the Company is committed to stand ready to perform if the loan defaults and to make payments to remedy the default. As of March 31, 2015, the maximum potential future payment, which is generally the unpaid principal balance of total loans sold or securitized with recourse amounted to $237.7 million and was comprised of $34.3 million in single-family loans with full recourse and $203.4 million in multifamily loans with limited recourse. In comparison, total loans sold or securitized with recourse amounted to $249.8 million as of December 31, 2014, and was comprised of $35.5 million in single-family loans with full recourse and $214.3 million in multifamily loans with limited recourse. The recourse provision on multifamily loans varies by loan sale and is limited to 4% of the top loss on the underlying loans. The Company’s recourse reserve related to loan sales and securitizations totaled $673 thousand and $2.2 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, and were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company continues to experience minimal losses from the single-family and multifamily loan portfolios sold or securitized with recourse.
Litigation — In the ordinary course of the Company’s business, the Company is a party to various legal actions, which the Company believes are incidental to the operation of our business. In accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies, the Company accrues reserves for currently outstanding lawsuits, claims and proceedings when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the liability can be reasonably estimated. The outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of the legal or regulatory matters, if any, currently pending or threatened could have a material adverse effect on the Company's liquidity, consolidated financial position, and/or results of operations. Based on the information currently available, advice of counsel and established reserves, the Company believes that the eventual outcome of the matters described below, will not, individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position.
On September 8, 2014, a jury in the case titled “F&F, LLC and 618 Investment, Inc. v. East West Bank,” Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Los Angeles, Case No. BC462714, delivered a verdict in favor of plaintiff F&F, LLC, which was adjusted downward by the court on December 18, 2014 to the amount of $36.6 million. The case is being appealed. As of March 31, 2015, a litigation accrual of $32.6 million has been recorded.

NOTE 13 — | STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND EARNINGS PER SHARE

MetroCorp Acquisition — On January 17, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of MetroCorp. The final consideration included 5,583,093 shares of East West common stock, $89.4 million of cash, $2.4 million of additional cash to MetroCorp stock option holders and a MetroCorp warrant, fair valued at $8.8 million, assumed by the Company. Prior to the acquisition, MetroCorp had an outstanding warrant to purchase 771,429 shares of its common stock. At acquisition, the rights of the warrant holder were converted into the right to acquire 230,282 shares of East West’s common stock. The warrant has not been exercised as of March 31, 2015.
Stock Repurchase Program — On July 17, 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to buy back up to $100.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The Company did not repurchase any shares under this program during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
Quarterly Dividends — On January 21, 2015, dividends for the Company’s common stock were declared for the first quarter of 2015 in the amount of $0.20 per share and paid on February 17, 2015 to stockholders of record on February 2, 2015. This represents an increase of $0.02 per share, or an 11% increase from the prior quarterly dividend of $0.18 per share. Cash dividends totaling $28.9 million and $25.9 million were paid to the Company's common shareholders during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) — Certain of the Company’s instruments containing rights to nonforfeitable dividends granted in stock-based payment transactions are considered participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, have been included in the earnings allocations in computing basic and diluted EPS under the two-class method. Basic EPS was computed by dividing net income, net of income allocated to participating securities, by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. The computation of diluted EPS reflects the additional dilutive effect of common stock equivalents such as stock options, unvested restricted stock units and warrants.
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The following tables present earnings per share calculations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
($ in thousands, except per share data) |  | Net Income |  | Number of Shares |  | Per Share Amounts
Net income |  | $ | 100,027 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings allocated to participating securities |  | (3 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic EPS — income allocated to common stockholders |  | $ | 100,024 |  |  | 143,655 |  |  | $ | 0.70 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |
Restricted stock units |  | 106 |  |  | 533 |  |  |  |
Warrants |  | — |  |  | 155 |  |  |  |
Diluted EPS — income allocated to common stockholders |  | $ | 100,130 |  |  | 144,349 |  |  | $ | 0.69 |

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2014
($ in thousands, except per share data) |  | Net Income |  | Number of Shares |  | Per Share Amounts
Net income (1) |  | $ | 74,171 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings allocated to participating securities |  | (160 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic EPS — income allocated to common stockholders (1) |  | $ | 74,011 |  |  | 141,962 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  | — |  |  | 79 |  |  |  |
Restricted stock units |  | 80 |  |  | 447 |  |  |  |
Warrants |  | — |  |  | 144 |  |  |  |
Diluted EPS — income allocated to common stockholders(1) |  | $ | 74,091 |  |  | 142,632 |  |  | $ | 0.52 |

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company's investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
The following table presents the weighted-average stock options outstanding and restricted stock units for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, that were anti-dilutive, and therefore not included in the computation of diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Stock options |  | — |  |  | 81 |
Restricted stock units |  | 170 |  |  | 168 |

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) — As of March 31, 2015, total accumulated other comprehensive income was $13.6 million which included net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities of $13.5 million and net unrealized gains on other investments of $54 thousand. As of December 31, 2014, total accumulated other comprehensive income was $4.2 million which consisted of net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities of $4.2 million and unrealized gains on other investments of $61 thousand.
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The accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Available-for-Sale Investment Securities |  | Other Investments |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Available-for-Sale Investment Securities |  | Other Investments |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Balance, beginning of the period |  | $ | 4,176 |  |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 4,237 |  |  | $ | (30,538 | ) |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | (30,459 | )
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during period |  | 11,879 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | 11,872 |  |  | 15,422 |  |  | (17 | ) |  | 15,405 |
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income |  | (2,554 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,554 | ) |  | (1,983 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,983 | )
Net unrealized gains (losses) |  | 9,325 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | 9,318 |  |  | 13,439 |  |  | (17 | ) |  | 13,422 |
Balance, end of the period |  | $ | 13,501 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | 13,555 |  |  | $ | (17,099 | ) |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | (17,037 | )

The components of other comprehensive income (loss), reclassifications to net income by income statement line item and the related tax effects were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Before-Tax Amount |  | Tax Expense or Benefit |  | Net-of-Tax Amount |  | Before-Tax Amount |  | Tax Expense or Benefit |  | Net-of-Tax Amount
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale investment securities : |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized gains arising during period |  | $ | 20,482 |  |  | $ | (8,603 | ) |  | $ | 11,879 |  |  | $ | 26,590 |  |  | $ | (11,168 | ) |  | $ | 15,422 |
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income (1) |  | (4,404 | ) |  | 1,850 |  |  | (2,554 | ) |  | (3,418 | ) |  | 1,435 |  |  | (1,983 | )
Net unrealized gains |  | 16,078 |  |  | (6,753 | ) |  | 9,325 |  |  | 23,172 |  |  | (9,733 | ) |  | 13,439 |
Unrealized losses on other investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized losses arising during period |  | (12 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | (29 | ) |  | 12 |  |  | (17 | )
Less: reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net unrealized losses |  | (12 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | (29 | ) |  | 12 |  |  | (17 | )
Other comprehensive income |  | $ | 16,066 |  |  | $ | (6,748 | ) |  | $ | 9,318 |  |  | $ | 23,143 |  |  | $ | (9,721 | ) |  | $ | 13,422 |

(1) | The pretax amount is reported in net gains on sales of available-for-sale investment securities in the consolidated statements of income.

NOTE 14 — | BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company utilizes an internal reporting system to measure the performance of various operating segments within the Bank and the Company. The Company has identified three operating segments for purposes of management reporting: (1) Retail Banking; (2) Commercial Banking; and (3) Other. These three business divisions meet the criteria of an operating segment: the segment engages in business activities from which it earns revenues and incurs expenses, its operating results are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker to render decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and discrete financial information is available.
The Retail Banking segment focuses primarily on retail operations through the Bank’s branch network. The Commercial Banking segment, which includes CRE, primarily generates commercial loans through the commercial lending offices located in the Bank’s production offices. Furthermore, the Company’s Commercial Banking segment also offers a wide variety of international finance and trade services and products. The remaining centralized functions, including treasury activities and eliminations of inter-segment amounts, have been aggregated and included in the Other segment, which provides broad administrative support to the two core segments.
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The Company’s funds transfer pricing assumptions are intended to promote core deposit growth and to reflect the current risk profiles of various loan categories within the credit portfolio. Transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are reviewed at least annually to ensure that the Company’s process is reflective of current market conditions. The transfer pricing process is formulated with the goal of incenting loan and deposit growth that is consistent with the Company’s overall growth objectives as well as to provide a reasonable and consistent basis for the measurement of the Company’s business segments and product net interest margins.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Operating segment results are based on the Company’s internal management reporting process, which reflects assignments and allocations of certain operating and administrative costs and the provision for loan losses. Net interest income is based on the Company’s internal funds transfer pricing system which assigns a cost of funds or a credit for funds to assets or liabilities based on their type, maturity or repricing characteristics. Noninterest income and noninterest expense, including depreciation and amortization, directly attributable to a segment are assigned to that business segment. Indirect costs, including overhead expense, are allocated to the segments based on several factors, including, but not limited to, full-time equivalent employees, loan volume and deposit volume. The provision for credit losses is allocated based on actual charge-offs for the period as well as average loan balances for each segment during the period. The Company evaluates overall performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes excluding nonrecurring gains and losses.
Changes in the Company’s management structure or reporting methodologies may result in changes in the measurement of operating segment results. Results for prior periods are generally restated for comparability for changes in management structure or reporting methodologies unless it is not deemed practicable to do so.
47

The following tables present the operating results and other key financial measures for the individual operating segments for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
($ in thousands) |  | Retail Banking |  | Commercial Banking |  | Other |  | Total
Interest income |  | $ | 87,446 |  |  | $ | 158,786 |  |  | $ | 17,029 |  |  | $ | 263,261 |
Charge for funds used |  | (23,298 | ) |  | (37,351 | ) |  | (9,445 | ) |  | (70,094 | )
Interest spread on funds used |  | 64,148 |  |  | 121,435 |  |  | 7,584 |  |  | 193,167 |
Interest expense |  | (12,224 | ) |  | (4,263 | ) |  | (11,057 | ) |  | (27,544 | )
Credit on funds provided |  | 57,668 |  |  | 8,016 |  |  | 4,410 |  |  | 70,094 |
Interest spread on funds provided |  | 45,444 |  |  | 3,753 |  |  | (6,647 | ) |  | 42,550 |
Net interest income |  | $ | 109,592 |  |  | $ | 125,188 |  |  | $ | 937 |  |  | $ | 235,717 |
Provision for loan losses |  | $ | 731 |  |  | $ | 4,256 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,987 |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (1) |  | $ | 1,682 |  |  | $ | (10,477 | ) |  | $ | 12,922 |  |  | $ | 4,127 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 357,207 |  |  | $ | 112,226 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 469,433 |
Segment pre-tax profit |  | $ | 52,935 |  |  | $ | 93,175 |  |  | $ | 716 |  |  | $ | 146,826 |
Segment assets |  | $ | 7,540,501 |  |  | $ | 15,491,368 |  |  | $ | 6,874,966 |  |  | $ | 29,906,835 |

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Retail Banking |  | Commercial Banking |  | Other |  | Total
Interest income |  | $ | 98,724 |  |  | $ | 169,076 |  |  | $ | 18,373 |  |  | $ | 286,173 |
Charge for funds used |  | (16,045 | ) |  | (21,328 | ) |  | (23,123 | ) |  | (60,496 | )
Interest spread on funds used |  | 82,679 |  |  | 147,748 |  |  | (4,750 | ) |  | 225,677 |
Interest expense |  | (11,711 | ) |  | (3,280 | ) |  | (13,216 | ) |  | (28,207 | )
Credit on funds provided |  | 48,193 |  |  | 8,436 |  |  | 3,867 |  |  | 60,496 |
Interest spread on funds provided |  | 36,482 |  |  | 5,156 |  |  | (9,349 | ) |  | 32,289 |
Net interest income (loss) |  | $ | 119,161 |  |  | $ | 152,904 |  |  | $ | (14,099 | ) |  | $ | 257,966 |
Provision for loan losses |  | $ | 2,652 |  |  | $ | 4,281 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,933 |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (1) (2) |  | $ | 2,571 |  |  | $ | (3,328 | ) |  | $ | 9,821 |  |  | $ | 9,064 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 354,163 |  |  | $ | 104,304 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 458,467 |
Segment pre-tax profit (loss) (2) |  | $ | 52,170 |  |  | $ | 86,931 |  |  | $ | (22,938 | ) |  | $ | 116,163 |
Segment assets (2) |  | $ | 7,877,996 |  |  | $ | 13,661,149 |  |  | $ | 5,861,459 |  |  | $ | 27,400,604 |

(1) | Includes amortization and accretion related to the FDIC indemnification asset.

(2) | Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company's investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

NOTE 15 — | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Dividend Payout
In April 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.20 per share on the Company’s common stock payable on or about May 15, 2015 to shareholders of record as of May 1, 2015.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion provides information about the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and capital resources of East West Bancorp, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “East West” and on a consolidated basis as the “Company”, “we”, or “our”), and its subsidiary bank, East West Bank and its subsidiaries (referred to herein as “East West Bank” or the “Bank”). This information is intended to facilitate the understanding and assessment of significant changes and trends related to the Company’s financial condition and the results of operations. Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2014-01, the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2014 Annual Report, and the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes presented elsewhere in this report.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry. The financial information contained within the consolidated financial statements is, to a significant extent, based on approximate measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred. Various elements of the Company’s accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions, and other subjective assessments. In addition, certain accounting policies require significant judgment in applying complex accounting principles to individual transactions to determine the most appropriate treatment. The Company has established procedures and processes to facilitate making the judgments necessary to prepare financial statements.
The following is a list of the more judgmental and complex accounting estimates and principles:

• | fair valuation of financial instruments;

• | available-for-sale investment securities;

• | purchased credit impaired loans (“PCI loans”)

• | allowance for loan losses;

• | goodwill impairment;

• | income taxes; and

• | share-based compensation.

In each area, the Company has identified the variables most important in the estimation process. The Company has used the best information available to make the estimations necessary to value the related assets and liabilities. Actual performance that differs from the Company’s estimates and future changes in the key variables could change future valuations and impact the results of operations.
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in greater detail in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, “Significant Accounting Policies,” which are essential to understanding the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In January 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-01, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects. ASU 2014-01 permits reporting entities to make an accounting policy election to account for their investments in qualified affordable housing projects using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, the Company amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the amortization expense in the income statement as a component of income tax expense. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2015 with retrospective application to all periods presented. See Note 10 in the consolidated financial statements for details regarding this adoption.
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In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-04, Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40): Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure. ASU 2014-04 clarifies when an in-substance repossession or foreclosure occurs that would require a transfer of mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties to other real estate owned (“OREO”). The guidance also requires disclosure of the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor and the recorded investment in residential real estate mortgage loans that are in process of foreclosure. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2015 with prospective application. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as this guidance was consistent with our prior practice. See Note 9 in the consolidated financial statements for details regarding this adoption.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The new guidance replaces existing revenue recognition guidance for contracts to provide goods or services to customers and amends existing guidance related to recognition of gains and losses on the sale of certain nonfinancial assets such as real estate. ASU 2014-09 establishes a principles-based approach to recognizing revenue that applies to all contracts other than those covered by other authoritative GAAP guidance. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are also required. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and is applied on either a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis to improve targeted areas of the consolidation guidance and reduce the number of consolidation models. The Company may either apply the amendments retrospectively or use a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2015-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU 2015-03 simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The Company would apply the new guidance retrospectively to all prior periods. ASU 2015-03 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted if the guidance is applied as of the beginning of the annual period of adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
Overview and Strategy
East West Bancorp, Inc. is a bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. East West is the holding company for our wholly-owned subsidiary, East West Bank, which is ranked by SNL Financial among the top 50 U.S. banks in terms of assets as of the fourth quarter of 2014.
The Company’s vision is to serve as the financial bridge between the United States and Greater China. Our primary strategy for achieving this vision is to grow our business and reach more customers with our full range of cross-border products and services. During the fourth quarter of 2014, we opened two new branches in Greater China, in Shenzhen and in the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone. Earlier last year, we expanded our presence in the United States when we acquired MetroCorp Bancshares, Inc. (“MetroCorp”). With over 130 branches in the United States and Greater China, we are well positioned to assist our customers with the products and services their businesses need.
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For the first quarter of 2015, net income was $100.0 million or $0.69 per diluted share. Net income increase d by $4.5 million or 5% from the fourth quarter of 2014, and was $25.9 million or 35% above the first quarter of 2014. Earnings per diluted share were $0.03 or 5% more than the fourth quarter of 2014 and $0.17 or 33% higher than the first quarter of 2014. Net interest margin, defined as net interest income divided by average earning assets, decrease d by 75 basis points to 3.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 4.26% during the same period in 2014. The $59.0 million swing from $14.9 million noninterest loss for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $44.1 million noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was mainly due to changes in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) indemnification asset and receivable/payable and increases in net gains on loan sales, derivative commission fee income and wealth management fees. The $8.0 million or 7% increase in noninterest expense from $120.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $128.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 resulted from higher compensation and employee benefits, amortization of tax credit and other investments and legal expenses, partly offset by lower data processing expense. The effective tax rate was 32% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to 36% for the same period in 2014. The lower effective tax rate in 2015 compared to 2014 was attributable to additional investments in affordable housing partnerships and other tax credit investments. The Company adopted ASU 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Affordable Housing Projects, in the first quarter of 2015. The change in amortization methodology and the related financial impact of this adoption are detailed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of March 31, 2015, total assets increased $1.16 billion or 4% to $29.91 billion compared to $28.74 billion as of December 31, 2014. Total loans receivable, including loans held for sale, as of March 31, 2015 was $21.57 billion, $0.20 billion or 1% lower than the December 31, 2014 level of $21.77 billion. The quarter-to-quarter drop stemmed from the increased volume of loan sales during the first quarter of 2015. Loans sold in the first quarter of 2015 totaled $668.8 million, $305.1 million or 84% higher than the volume of loans sold in the fourth quarter of 2014. The $668.8 million of loans sold in the first quarter of 2015 consisted of $336.7 million of syndicated loans included in the commercial and industrial ("C&I") loan portfolio, $290.8 million of single-family loans, $33.3 million of SBA 7(a) loans and $8.0 million of consumer loans. Excluding the impact of the $668.8 million loan sales, total loans, including loans held for sale, as of March 31, 2015 increased $467.3 million, a 9% annualized growth rate.
Nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2015 amounted to $87.8 million, a decrease of $12.5 million or 12% from $100.3 million as of December 31, 2014. The quarter-to-quarter decline mainly resulted from payoffs and paydowns. Nonperforming assets as of March 31, 2015 totaled $120.5 million, $11.9 million below the December 31, 2014 level of $132.4 million. The nonperforming assets to total assets ratio was 0.40% as of March 31, 2015, down six basis points from 0.46% as of December 31, 2014. The provision for loan losses for the first quarter of 2015 was $5.0 million and the allowance for loan losses was $257.7 million as of March 31, 2015. Comparable figures for the first quarter of 2014 and as of March 31, 2014 were $6.9 million and $252.1 million, respectively.
Total deposits were $25.16 billion as of March 31, 2015, an increase of $1.15 billion or 5% from $24.01 billion as of December 31, 2014. Core deposits reached $18.79 billion, an $0.89 billion or 5% increase for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The Company’s $25.16 billion deposit portfolio as of March 31, 2015 consisted of $8.12 billion (32% of the total) noninterest-bearing demand deposits, $10.67 billion (42%) money-market, interest-bearing checking and savings deposits and $6.38 billion (25%) time deposits.
The FDIC shared-loss coverage for the commercial loans acquired from United Commercial Bank (“UCB”) five years ago ended after December 31, 2014. The balance of the UCB commercial loans, net of discount, was $1.1 billion at December 31, 2014. With the termination of the FDIC shared-loss coverage, the risk weighting for many UCB loans increased from 20% to 100%, the rate usually applicable to commercial loans. In addition, the Basel III capital rules became effective January 1, 2015. The Basel III rules revised the definition of capital, the risk weightings of certain on and off balance sheet items, and the prompt corrective action requirements under banking regulations. A minimum Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio was also established. The preceding changes along with the growth in the Company balance sheet contributed to the $1.2 billion increase in risk weighted assets from $21.9 billion as of December 31, 2014 to $23.1 billion as of March 31, 2015.
The Company is focused on active capital management and committed to maintaining strong capital levels that exceed regulatory requirements, while also supporting balance sheet growth and providing a strong return to stockholders. Capital levels for the Company remained strong. As of March 31, 2015, the Company’s CET1 capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and total risk-based capital ratios were 10.6%, 10.7% and 12.4%, respectively, greater than the well capitalized requirements of 6.5%, 8.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The Tier 1 Leverage capital ratio was 8.6% as of March 31, 2015, above the 5% well capitalized requirement.
In April 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors declared second quarter dividends on the Company's common stock. The common stock cash dividend of $0.20 is payable on or about May 15, 2015 to shareholders of record on May 1, 2015.
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Results of Operations
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 increase d $25.9 million or 35% to $100.0 million, as compared to net incom e of $74.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The Company’s annualized return on average total assets was 1.39% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to 1.14% for the same period in 2014. The annualized return on average stockholders’ equity was 13.93% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared with 11.64% for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
Our first quarter of 2015 earnings performance reflected continuing success in executing our business strategy. Underpinning our first quarter of 2015 operating results were loan volume and core deposit growth, stable loan credit quality and diversified fee income sources. Revenue, the sum of net interest income and noninterest income was $279.8 million for the first quarter of 2015, an increase of $36.7 million or 15% from $243.1 million for the first quarter of 2014. The main contributors to the year-over-year improvement in non-interest income were changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable, and increases in net gains on sale of loans, wealth management fees, derivative commission fee income, and other operating income.
Components of Net Income

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Net interest income |  | $ | 235.7 |  |  | $ | 258.0 |
Provision for loan losses |  | (5.0 | ) |  | (6.9 | )
Noninterest income (loss) |  | 44.1 |  |  | (14.9 | )
Noninterest expense (1) |  | (128.0 | ) |  | (120.0 | )
Income tax expense (1) |  | (46.8 | ) |  | (42.0 | )
Net income (1) |  | $ | 100.0 |  |  | $ | 74.2 |
Annualized return on average total assets (1) |  | 1.39 | % |  | 1.14 | %
Annualized return on average equity (1) |  | 13.93 | % |  | 11.64 | %

(1) Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Net Interest Income
The Company’s primary source of revenue is net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on loans, available-for-sale investment securities and other interest-earning assets less the interest expense on customer deposits, borrowings and other interest-bearing liabilities.
Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 totaled $235.7 million, a decrease of $22.2 million or 9% over net interest income of $258.0 million for the same period in 2014. Net interest margin, defined as net interest income divided by average earning assets, dropped by 75 basis points to 3.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 4.26% for the same period in 2014. The yield on loans was 4.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, below the 5.49% yield a year ago.
The decline in net interest income, net interest margin and loan yield for the three months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period in 2014, was largely due to the reduced accretion income associated with the PCI loans acquired from the FDIC assisted acquisitions of UCB and Washington First International Bank (“WFIB”).
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The following table presents the net interest spread, net interest margin, average balances, interest income and expense, and the average rates by asset and liability component for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average (1) Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Average (1) Rate
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due from banks and short-term investments |  | $ | 1,562,702 |  |  | $ | 5,426 |  |  | 1.41 | % |  | $ | 1,170,313 |  |  | $ | 5,602 |  |  | 1.94 | %
Securities purchased under resale agreements |  | 1,268,056 |  |  | 4,849 |  |  | 1.55 | % |  | 1,341,668 |  |  | 4,853 |  |  | 1.47 | %
Available-for-sale investment securities (2) |  | 2,604,250 |  |  | 10,184 |  |  | 1.59 | % |  | 2,582,819 |  |  | 12,276 |  |  | 1.93 | %
Loans (3)(4) |  | 21,732,752 |  |  | 241,566 |  |  | 4.51 | % |  | 19,333,194 |  |  | 261,571 |  |  | 5.49 | %
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock |  | 85,499 |  |  | 1,236 |  |  | 5.86 | % |  | 113,110 |  |  | 1,871 |  |  | 6.71 | %
Total interest-earning assets |  | $ | 27,253,259 |  |  | $ | 263,261 |  |  | 3.92 | % |  | $ | 24,541,104 |  |  | $ | 286,173 |  |  | 4.73 | %
Noninterest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 345,410 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 311,267 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses |  | (261,697 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (255,759 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |
Other assets (5) |  | 1,882,480 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,735,694 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets (5) |  | $ | 29,219,452 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 26,332,306 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Checking deposits |  | $ | 2,526,844 |  |  | $ | 1,761 |  |  | 0.28 | % |  | $ | 1,838,201 |  |  | $ | 981 |  |  | 0.22 | %
Money market deposits |  | 6,523,439 |  |  | 4,301 |  |  | 0.27 | % |  | 5,614,120 |  |  | 3,700 |  |  | 0.27 | %
Savings deposits |  | 1,674,012 |  |  | 803 |  |  | 0.19 | % |  | 1,734,364 |  |  | 708 |  |  | 0.17 | %
Time certificate deposits |  | 6,267,190 |  |  | 10,098 |  |  | 0.65 | % |  | 6,263,607 |  |  | 10,493 |  |  | 0.68 | %
Federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings |  | 149 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 93 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
FHLB advances |  | 338,759 |  |  | 1,033 |  |  | 1.24 | % |  | 451,884 |  |  | 1,045 |  |  | 0.94 | %
Securities sold under repurchase agreements |  | 789,444 |  |  | 8,406 |  |  | 4.32 | % |  | 1,009,062 |  |  | 10,078 |  |  | 4.05 | %
Long-term debt |  | 225,812 |  |  | 1,142 |  |  | 2.05 | % |  | 244,026 |  |  | 1,202 |  |  | 2.00 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | $ | 18,345,649 |  |  | $ | 27,544 |  |  | 0.61 | % |  | $ | 17,155,357 |  |  | $ | 28,207 |  |  | 0.67 | %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand deposits |  | 7,417,858 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,121,649 |  |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  | 544,234 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 470,457 |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity (5) |  | 2,911,711 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,584,843 |  |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (5) | $ | 29,219,452 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 26,332,306 |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate spread |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.31 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4.06 | %
Net interest income and net interest margin |  |  |  |  | $ | 235,717 |  |  | 3.51 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 257,966 |  |  | 4.26 | %

(1) | Annualized.

(2) | Includes the amortization of net premiums on available-for-sale investment securities of $4.3 million and $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

(3) | Includes the accretion of discount on loans of $18.2 million and $58.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Also, includes the accretion (amortization) of net deferred loan costs of $1.0 million and $(3.1) million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

(4) | Average balances include nonperforming loans.

(5) | Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company's investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

53

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income
Changes in the Company’s net interest income are a function of changes in rates and volumes of both interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The following table sets forth information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated. The total change for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is segmented into the change attributable to variations in volume (changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and the change attributable to variations in interest rates (changes in rates multiplied by old volume). Nonaccrual loans are included in average loans used to compute the table below:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 vs. 2014
|  | Total Change |  | Changes Due to
($ in thousands) |  |  | Volume |  | Rate
Interest-bearing assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due from banks and short-term investments |  | $ | (176 | ) |  | $ | 1,595 |  |  | $ | (1,771 | )
Securities purchased under resale agreements |  | (4 | ) |  | (274 | ) |  | 270 |
Available-for-sale investment securities |  | (2,092 | ) |  | 101 |  |  | (2,193 | )
Loans |  | (20,005 | ) |  | 30,089 |  |  | (50,094 | )
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock |  | (635 | ) |  | (419 | ) |  | (216 | )
Total interest and dividend income |  | $ | (22,912 | ) |  | $ | 31,092 |  |  | $ | (54,004 | )
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Checking deposits |  | $ | 780 |  |  | $ | 429 |  |  | $ | 351 |
Money market deposits |  | 601 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 1 |
Savings deposits |  | 95 |  |  | (25 | ) |  | 120 |
Time certificate deposits |  | (395 | ) |  | 6 |  |  | (401 | )
FHLB advances |  | (12 | ) |  | (298 | ) |  | 286 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements |  | (1,672 | ) |  | (2,305 | ) |  | 633 |
Long-term debt |  | (60 | ) |  | (91 | ) |  | 31 |
Total interest expense |  | $ | (663 | ) |  | $ | (1,684 | ) |  | $ | 1,021 |
Change in net interest income |  | $ | (22,249 | ) |  | $ | 32,776 |  |  | $ | (55,025 | )

Provision for Loan Losses
The Company recorded a provision for loan losses on non-PCI loans of $5.1 million and $7.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company recorded a reversal of provision for loan losses on PCI loans of $71 thousand and $67 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Provisions for loan losses are charged to income to bring the allowance for credit losses as well as the allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures, and recourse provisions to a level deemed appropriate by the Company based on the factors discussed under the “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Allowance for Loan Losses” section of this report.
54

Noninterest Income (Loss)
The following table presents components of noninterest income (loss) for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Branch fees |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | 9.4 |
Letters of credit fees and foreign exchange income |  | 8.7 |  |  | 6.9 |
Ancillary loan fees |  | 2.7 |  |  | 2.5 |
Wealth management fees |  | 5.2 |  |  | 3.0 |
Derivative commission fee income |  | 5.3 |  |  | 2.8 |
Changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable |  | (8.4 | ) |  | (53.6 | )
Net gains on sales of loans |  | 9.6 |  |  | 6.2 |
Net gains on sales of available-for-sale investment securities |  | 4.4 |  |  | 3.4 |
Other operating income |  | 7.4 |  |  | 4.5 |
Total noninterest income (loss) |  | $ | 44.1 |  |  | $ | (14.9 | )

Noninterest income includes revenues earned from sources other than interest income. These sources include service charges and fees on deposit accounts, fees and commissions generated from trade finance activities and the issuance of letters of credit, ancillary fees on loans, net gains on sales of loans and available-for-sale investment securities, changes in the FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable and other noninterest-related revenues.
Noninterest income increased by $59.0 million from a loss of $14.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to income of $44.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. This improvement was mainly due to a $45.2 million decline in expenses related to changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable, a $3.4 million increase in net gains on sale of loans, a $2.8 million increase in other operating income, a $2.5 million increase in derivative commission fee income and a $2.2 million increase in wealth management fees.
For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company had proceeds from total loans sold of $679.8 million and recorded net gains on sale of loans of $9.6 million, compared to proceeds of loans sold of $183.6 million and $6.2 million of gains on sale of loans for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
Changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable decreased by $45.2 million or 84% to $8.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $53.6 million for the same period in 2014. The decrease in the changes in the FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable was primarily attributable to the expiration of the shared-loss coverage for the UCB commercial loans after December 31, 2014 and the continued strong credit performance of the existing covered loans.
Other operating income increased $2.8 million or 62% to $7.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $4.5 million a year ago. The higher operating income was mainly due to the gain on the sale of a building.
Wealth management fees and derivative commission fee income rose $2.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively, to $5.2 million and $5.3 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to the same period in the prior year. Comparable figures for the three months ended March 31, 2014 were $3.0 million for wealth management fees and $2.8 million for derivative commission fee income. The gains were driven by growth in investment advisory services and income earned from assisting customers in hedging interest rates.
55

Noninterest Expense
The following table presents the various components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Compensation and employee benefits |  | $ | 64.3 |  |  | $ | 59.3 |
Occupancy and equipment expense |  | 15.4 |  |  | 15.9 |
Amortization of tax credit and other investments (1) |  | 6.3 |  |  | 1.5 |
Amortization of premiums on deposits acquired |  | 2.4 |  |  | 2.5 |
Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments |  | 5.7 |  |  | 5.7 |
Loan related expenses |  | 2.3 |  |  | 2.6 |
Other real estate owned (income) expense |  | (1.0 | ) |  | 1.3 |
Legal expense |  | 6.9 |  |  | 3.8 |
Data processing |  | 2.6 |  |  | 8.2 |
Other operating expenses |  | 23.2 |  |  | 19.2 |
Total noninterest expense (1) |  | $ | 128.0 |  |  | $ | 120.0 |

(1) | Prior periods were restated to reflect the retrospective application of adopting the new accounting guidance related to the Company's investments in qualified affordable housing projects ASU 2014-01. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Noninterest expense totaled $128.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, $8.0 million or 7% above the prior year figure of $120.0 million. The increase resulted from higher compensation and employee benefits, amortization of tax credit investments and legal expenses, partly offset by lower data processing.
Compensation and employee benefits rose $5.0 million or 8% to $64.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $59.3 million for the same period in 2014. The growth in personnel expense was primarily due to annual salary increases and higher benefits expense associated with a larger payroll.
The amortization of tax credit and other investments increased $4.8 million from $1.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. This increase was mainly related to the amortization of a renewable energy tax credit investment purchased in the first three months of 2015.
Legal expense increase d $3.1 million or 81% to $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to $3.8 million for the same period in 2014, mainly due to litigation settlements and additional accruals for pending litigation.
Data processing expense decreased $5.6 million or 68% from $8.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The year-to-year change reflected the impact of nonrecurring merger and integration expense related to the MetroCorp acquisition in the prior year.
Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes was $46.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, representing an effective tax rate of 32%. In comparison, income tax expense was $42.0 million, representing an effective tax rate of 36% for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The lower effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2014, was mainly due to the additional purchases of affordable housing partnerships and other tax credit investments. Included in the income tax expense recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 was $13.4 million and $11.1 million, respectively, of tax credits generated mainly from investments in affordable housing partnerships and other tax credit investments.
56

Management regularly reviews the Company’s tax positions and deferred tax assets. Factors considered in this analysis include future reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing differences, taxable income in prior carryback years, and tax planning strategies. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, the objective of which is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized and settled. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had a net deferred tax asset of $382.6 million and $389.6 million, respectively.
A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Management has concluded that it is more likely than not that all of the benefits of the deferred tax assets will be realized, with the exception of the deferred tax assets related to certain state NOLs. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded for these amounts. The Company believes that adequate provisions have been made for all income tax uncertainties consistent with the standards of ASC 740-10.
Operating Segment Results
The Company defines its operating segments based on its core strategy, and the Company has identified three reportable operating segments: Retail Banking, Commercial Banking and Other.
The Retail Banking segment focuses primarily on retail operations through the Bank’s branch network. The Commercial Banking segment, which includes C&I and commercial real estate (“CRE”), primarily generates commercial loans through the efforts of the commercial lending offices located in California, New York, Texas, Washington, Massachusetts, Nevada and Georgia. Furthermore, the Commercial Banking segment also offers a wide variety of international finance and trade services and products. The remaining centralized functions, including the treasury operations of the Company and eliminations of intersegment amounts have been aggregated and included in the “Other” segment.
Changes in the Company’s management structure or reporting methodologies may result in changes in the measurement of operating segment results. Results for prior periods are generally restated for comparability due to changes in management structure or reporting methodologies unless it is not deemed practicable to do so.
The Company’s transfer pricing process is formulated with the goal of incenting loan and deposit growth that is consistent with the Company’s overall growth objectives, as well as to provide a reasonable and consistent basis for measurement of the Company’s business segments and product net interest margins. The Company’s transfer pricing assumptions and methodologies are reviewed at least annually to ensure that the process is reflective of current market conditions.
For more information about the Company’s segments, including information about the underlying accounting and reporting process, please see Note 14 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.
Retail Banking
The Retail Banking segment reported pretax income of $52.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $52.2 million for the same period in 2014. The increase in pretax income for this segment during the three months ended March 31, 2015 was driven by an increase in noninterest income and a decrease in provision for loan losses, partially offset by a decrease in net interest income and an increase in noninterest expense.
Net interest income for this segment decreased $9.6 million or 8% to $109.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $119.2 million for the same period in 2014. The decrease was primarily due to lower discount accretion to interest income from the PCI loan portfolio and decrease in the student loan portfolio.
Noninterest income for this segment increased $15.3 million to income of $12.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to a loss of $2.4 million recorded for the same period in 2014. The increase in noninterest income was attributable to a decrease in the reduction of changes in FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable, an increase in wealth management fees, and an increase from gains on sale of residential single-family loans compared to gains on sale of student loans for the same period in 2014.
Noninterest expense for this segment increased $2.3 million or 4% to $54.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $52.3 million for the same period in 2014. This increase was primarily due to increases in compensation and employee benefits and occupancy and equipment expenses, partially offset by decreases in loan-related expenses.
57

Commercial Banking
The Commercial Banking segment reported pretax income of $93.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $86.9 million for the same period in 2014. The increase during the three months ended March 31, 2015, was attributable to higher noninterest income, partially offset by a decrease in net interest income and an increase in noninterest expense.
Net interest income for this segment decreased $27.7 million or 18% to $125.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $152.9 million for the same period in 2014. The decrease in net interest income was primarily due to lower discount accretion to interest income from the PCI loan portfolio.
Noninterest income for this segment improved $41.2 million or 190% to $19.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to a noninterest loss of $21.7 million for the same period in 2014. The increase for this segment was primarily due to a reduction of changes in the FDIC indemnification asset and receivable/payable and increases in derivative income, loan fees, and gains on sale of loans.
Noninterest expense increased $4.2 million or 9% to $50.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $45.8 million for the same period in 2014. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily due to higher compensation and employee benefits, partially offset by higher net gains on sale of OREO.
Other
The Other segment reported pretax income of $716 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to pretax loss of $22.9 million recorded for the same period in 2014.
Net interest income for this segment increased $15.0 million or 106%, to income of $937 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to a loss of $14.1 million for the same period in 2014. The Other segment includes the activities of the treasury function, which is responsible for the liquidity and interest rate risk management of the Company, and supports the Retail Banking and Commercial Banking segments through funds transfer pricing which is the primary cause of the increase in net interest income. In addition, it bears the cost of adverse movements in interest rates which affect the net interest margin.
Noninterest income for this segment increased $2.5 million or 27% to $11.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to noninterest income of $9.2 million for the same period in 2014. The increase in noninterest income was primarily due to gains on sale of fixed assets and available-for-sale investment securities.
Noninterest expense for this segment increased $1.6 million or 7% to $23.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $21.8 million for the same period in 2014. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily due to higher amortization of tax credit and other investments, legal expenses, and consulting expenses, partially offset by lower data processing expenses due to non-recurrence of merger and integration costs from the MetroCorp acquisition last year.
Balance Sheet Analysis
Total assets increase d $1.17 billion or 4%, to $29.91 billion as of March 31, 2015, compared to $28.74 billion as of December 31, 2014. The increase in total assets was primarily due to increases of $846.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, $325.0 million in securities purchased under resale agreements, and $214.7 million in available-for-sale investment securities. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in total loans of $201.2 million. The increase in cash and cash equivalents and securities purchased under resale agreements was largely due to the timing of cash inflows versus outflows from the fundings, payments, and cash requirements related to normal operating activities. The decrease in total loans was primarily due to $668.8 million of loans sold to better reposition the balance sheet for future opportunities, offset by organic growth of $467.3 million primarily in CRE, residential mortgages, and consumer loans.
Total deposits increased $1.15 billion or 5%, to $25.16 billion as of March 31, 2015 compared to $24.01 billion as of December 31, 2014. This increase was primarily due to core deposit growth of $890.4 million, which was fueled by growth from our commercial depositors. Noninterest-bearing, money market, savings, and interest-bearing checking accounts make up our core deposits. In addition, time deposits rose $263.6 million mainly due to the expansion in our public deposit relationships.
58

Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements
The Company purchases securities under resale agreements (“resale agreements”) with terms that range from one day to several years. Total securities resale agreements increase d $325.0 million or 27%, to $1.55 billion as of March 31, 2015, compared with $1.23 billion as of December 31, 2014. The Company nets repurchase and resale transactions with the same counterparty on the consolidated balance sheets where it has a legally enforceable master netting agreement and when the transactions are eligible for netting under ASC 210-20-45. Refer to Note 6 - Securities purchased under resale agreement and sold under repurchase agreements included in this report, for further details.
Purchases of resale agreements are fully-collateralized to protect against unfavorable market price movements. The Company monitors the fair market value of the underlying securities that collateralize the related receivable on resale agreements, including accrued interest. In the event that the fair market value of the securities decreases below the carrying amount of the related repurchase agreement, the counterparty is required to deliver an equivalent value of additional securities. The counterparties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit eligibility criteria and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed.
Available-for-Sale Investment Securities
Income from investing activities provides a significant portion of the Company’s total income. The Company aims to maintain an investment portfolio with an appropriate mix of fixed rate and adjustable-rate securities with relatively short maturities to minimize overall interest rate risk. The Company’s available-for-sale investment securities portfolio primarily consists of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities, U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities, U.S. government sponsored enterprise and other mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities and corporate debt securities. Investments classified as available-for-sale are carried at their estimated fair values with the corresponding changes in fair values recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity.
Total available-for-sale securities increase d to $2.84 billion as of March 31, 2015, from $2.63 billion as of December 31, 2014. The investment portfolio had net unrealized gain s of $23.2 million and $7.2 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities were primarily attributed to changes in the yield curve. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, available-for-sale investment securities with par value of $1.88 billion and $1.93 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, the Federal Reserve Bank discount window, and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Total repayments/maturities and proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investment securities amounted to $138.4 million and $180.5 million, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2015. Proceeds from repayments, maturities, sales, and redemptions were applied towards additional available-for-sale investment securities purchases totaling $517.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015. The Company recorded net gains on sales of available-for-sale investment securities totaling $4.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015.
Total repayments/maturities and proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investment securities amounted to $151.4 million and $330.2 million, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2014. Proceeds from repayments, maturities, sales, and redemptions were applied toward additional available-for-sale investment securities purchases totaling $138.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014. The Company recorded net gains on sales of available-for-sale investment securities totaling $3.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
The Company performs regular impairment analyses on available-for-sale investment securities. If the Company determines that a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, the credit-related impairment loss is recognized in current earnings. The noncredit-related impairment losses are charged to other comprehensive income which is the portion of the loss attributed to market rates or other factors non-credit related. Other-than-temporary declines in fair value are assessed based on factors including the duration the security has been in a continuous unrealized loss position, the severity of the decline in value, the rating of the security, the probability that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due, and the Company’s ability and intent to not sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For securities that are determined to have temporary declines in value, the Company has both the ability and the intent to hold these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. There were no other-than-temporary credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.
59

The following table presents the weighted average yields and contractual maturity distribution, excluding periodic principal payments, of the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities as of March 31, 2015:

|  | Within One Year |  | After One But Within Five Years |  | After Five But Within Ten Years |  | After Ten Years |  | Total
($ in thousands) |  | Amount |  | Yield |  | Amount |  | Yield |  | Amount |  | Yield |  | Amount |  | Yield |  | Amount |  | Yield
March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investment securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 50,772 |  |  | 0.42 | % |  | $ | 1,121,454 |  |  | 1.16 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | 1,172,226 |  |  | 1.13 | %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities |  | 278,214 |  |  | 1.48 | % |  | 57,406 |  |  | 1.52 | % |  | 76,346 |  |  | 2.16 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 411,966 |  |  | 1.61 | %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 2,614 |  |  | 3.70 | % |  | 47,971 |  |  | 2.34 | % |  | 44,650 |  |  | 2.43 | % |  | 95,235 |  |  | 2.42 | %
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 25,186 |  |  | 1.74 | % |  | 702,170 |  |  | 1.76 | % |  | 727,356 |  |  | 1.76 | %
Municipal securities |  | 3,176 |  |  | 2.84 | % |  | 107,838 |  |  | 2.43 | % |  | 72,430 |  |  | 2.37 | % |  | 7,802 |  |  | 3.94 | % |  | 191,246 |  |  | 2.48 | %
Other residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 51,501 |  |  | 3.44 | % |  | 51,501 |  |  | 3.44 | %
Corporate debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | 51,177 |  |  | 0.95 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 89,224 |  |  | 1.50 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 140,401 |  |  | 1.30 | %
Non-investment grade |  | 9,501 |  |  | 0.88 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 9,501 |  |  | 0.88 | %
Other securities |  | 41,653 |  |  | 2.54 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 41,653 |  |  | 2.54 | %
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 434,493 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,289,312 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 311,157 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 806,123 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,841,085 |  |  |  |

For complete discussion and disclosure see Note 7 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Total Loan Portfolio
The Company offers a broad range of products designed to meet the credit needs of its borrowers. The Company’s lending activities consist of residential single-family loans, residential multifamily loans, income producing CRE loans, land loans, construction loans, commercial business loans, trade finance and consumer loans.
CRE Loans. The CRE loan portfolio includes income producing real estate loans, construction loans and land loans. The Company continues to originate CRE loans that are advantageous opportunities for the Bank. Although real estate lending activities are collateralized by real property, these transactions are subject to similar credit evaluation, underwriting and monitoring standards as those applied to commercial business loans. Approximately 78% of the CRE loans are secured by real estate in California. Since a significant portion of the real estate loans are secured by properties located in California, changes in the California economy and in real estate values could have a significant impact on the collectability of the loans and on the level of allowance for loan losses required.
C&I Loans. The C&I loan portfolio includes commercial business and trade finance loans. The Company finances small and middle-market businesses in a wide spectrum of industries throughout California. Included in commercial business loans are loans for working capital, accounts receivable lines, inventory lines, SBA loans and lease financing. The Company also offers a variety of international trade services and products, including letters of credit, revolving lines of credit, import loans, bankers’ acceptances, working capital lines, domestic purchase financing and pre-export financing.
Most of the Company’s trade finance activities are related to trade with Asian countries. However, a majority of the Company’s loans are made to companies domiciled in the United States. A substantial portion of this business involves California based customers engaged in import and export activities. The Company also offers export-import financing to various customers. Certain trade finance loans may be guaranteed by the Export-Import Bank of the United States or are direct obligations of the Export-Import Bank of China. The Company’s trade finance portfolio primarily represents loans made to borrowers that import goods into the U.S. and export goods to China.
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Residential Loans. The residential loan portfolio consists of both single-family and multifamily loans. The Company offers adjustable rate (“ARM”) first mortgage loans secured by one-to-four unit residential properties located in its primary lending areas. The Company offers ARM single-family loan programs with one-year or three-year initial fixed periods. In addition, the Company also offers ARM multifamily residential loan program with six-month or three-year initial fixed periods.
Consumer Loans. The consumer loans segment includes home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”), auto loans, and insurance premium financing loans. The Company's ARM HELOCs are secured by one-to-four unit residential properties located in its primary lending areas. The program is a low documentation program that requires low loan to value ratios, typically 60% or less. These loans have historically experienced low delinquency and default rates.
The Company, from time to time, sells problem loans as part of the overall management of its nonperforming assets. The Company also identifies opportunities to sell certain portfolios when the pricing is attractive to provide additional noninterest income. The Company sells these loans out of the loans held for sale portfolio. Net loans, including loans held for sale, decreased $201.2 million or 1%, to $21.31 billion as of March 31, 2015, as compared to $21.51 billion as of December 31, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to the sale of $668.8 million in loans, comprised of $336.7 million of syndicated loans included in the C&I loan portfolio, $290.8 million of single family loans, $33.3 million of SBA 7(a) loans and $8.0 million of consumer loans. The loan sales were partially offset by organic loan growth of $467.3 million.
The following table presents the composition of the Company's total loan portfolio as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Amount |  | Percent
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 6,455,177 |  |  | 30 | % |  | $ | 6,256,059 |  |  | 29 | %
Construction |  | 367,460 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 332,287 |  |  | 1 | %
Land |  | 222,784 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 231,167 |  |  | 1 | %
Total CRE |  | 7,045,421 |  |  | 33 | % |  | 6,819,513 |  |  | 31 | %
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 6,871,450 |  |  | 32 | % |  | 7,181,189 |  |  | 33 | %
Trade finance |  | 849,314 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 896,012 |  |  | 4 | %
Total C&I |  | 7,720,764 |  |  | 36 | % |  | 8,077,201 |  |  | 37 | %
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 3,512,794 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 3,866,781 |  |  | 18 | %
Multifamily |  | 1,484,425 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 1,449,908 |  |  | 7 | %
Total residential |  | 4,997,219 |  |  | 23 | % |  | 5,316,689 |  |  | 25 | %
Consumer |  | 1,612,164 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 1,513,742 |  |  | 7 | %
Total loans held-for-investment (1) |  | $ | 21,375,568 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 21,727,145 |  |  | 100 | %
Unearned fees, premiums, and discounts, net |  | (899 | ) |  |  |  |  | 2,804 |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses |  | (257,738 | ) |  |  |  |  | (261,679 | ) |  |  |
Loans held for sale |  | 196,111 |  |  |  |  |  | 45,950 |  |  |  |
Total loans, net |  | $ | 21,313,042 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 21,514,220 |  |  |  |

(1) | Loans net of ASC 310-30 discount.

The Company’s loan portfolio includes originated and purchased loans. Originated and purchased loans, for which there was no evidence of credit deterioration at their acquisition date, are referred to collectively as non-PCI loans. Acquired loans for which there was, at the acquisition date, evidence of credit deterioration are referred to as PCI loans.
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PCI loans consist of loans acquired with deteriorated quality from the United Commercial Bank (“UCB”) FDIC assisted acquisition on November 6, 2009, the Washington First International Bank (“WFIB”) FDIC assisted acquisition on June 11, 2010 and, to a lesser extent, a small portion of loans acquired from the MetroCorp acquisition on January 17, 2014. Refer to Note 3 — Business Combination, included in this report, for further details on the MetroCorp acquisition and Note 8 — Covered Assets and FDIC Indemnification Asset of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the WFIB and UCB acquisitions. PCI loans are recorded net of ASC 310-30 discount and totaled $1.24 billion and $1.32 billion as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Of the total $1.24 billion PCI loans as of March 31, 2015, $311.6 million were covered under shared-loss agreements. Of the total $1.32 billion PCI loans as of December 31, 2014, $1.23 billion were covered under shared-loss agreements. As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, $354.4 million and $1.48 billion of total loans were covered under shared-loss agreements.
Covered assets consist of loans receivable and OREO that were acquired in the WFIB acquisition on June 11, 2010 and in the UCB acquisition on November 6, 2009 for which the Company entered into shared-loss agreements with the FDIC. Pursuant to the terms of the shared-loss agreements, the FDIC is obligated to reimburse the Company 80% of eligible losses for both UCB and WFIB with respect to covered assets. For the UCB covered assets, the FDIC will reimburse the Company for 95% of eligible losses in excess of $2.05 billion. The Company has a corresponding obligation to reimburse the FDIC for 80% or 95%, as applicable, of eligible recoveries with respect to covered assets. The shared-loss coverage of the UCB commercial loans ended after December 31, 2014. The shared-loss coverage of the WFIB commercial loans will extend through June 30, 2015. The shared-loss coverage for both UCB and WFIB residential loans will extend through November 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 8 - Covered Assets and FDIC Indemnification Assets of the Company’s 2014 Form 10-K for additional details related to the shared-loss agreements.
The Company is amortizing the difference between the recorded amount of the FDIC indemnification asset and the expected reimbursement from the FDIC over the life of the indemnification asset. Due to continued payoffs and improved credit performance of the covered portfolio as compared to the Company’s original estimates, the expected reimbursement from the FDIC under the shared-loss agreements has decreased and a net payable to the FDIC has been recorded. In prior years, due to the estimated losses from the covered portfolio and the corresponding expected payments from the FDIC, the Company recorded an FDIC indemnification asset. As of March 31, 2015, the net payable to the FDIC was $101.4 million, and is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. In comparison, as of March 31, 2014, the Company recorded a net FDIC indemnification asset of $27.6 million, which is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
As of March 31, 2015, $770.8 million of loans were held in the Company’s overseas offices, including the Hong Kong branch and the subsidiary bank in China. In total, these foreign loans represent approximately 3% of total consolidated assets. These loans are included in the composition of the total loan portfolio table above.
Non-PCI Nonperforming Assets
Generally, the Company’s policy is to place a loan on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments are past due in excess of 90 days or the full collection of principal or interest becomes uncertain, regardless of the length of past due status. When a loan reaches nonaccrual status, any interest accrued on the loan is reversed and charged against current income. In general, subsequent payments received are applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan. Nonaccrual loans that demonstrate a satisfactory payment trend for several months are returned to full accrual status subject to management’s assessment of the full collectability of the loan.
Non-PCI nonperforming assets are comprised of nonaccrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more and other real estate owned, net. Non-PCI nonperforming assets totaled $120.5 million, or 0.40% of total assets, as of March 31, 2015 and $132.4 million, or 0.46% of total assets, as of December 31, 2014. Non-PCI nonaccrual loans amounted to $87.8 million as of March 31, 2015, compared with $100.3 million as of December 31, 2014. Nearly half or $42.1 million of the $87.8 million non-PCI nonaccrual loans consisted of loans which were less than 90 days past due as of March 31, 2015. Comparable figures as of December 31, 2014 were $41.8 million or 42% of the $100.3 million non-PCI nonaccrual loans. Net charge-offs for non-PCI nonperforming loans were $6.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. In comparison, net charge-offs for non-PCI nonperforming loans were $4.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014.
Loans totaling $30.0 million were placed on nonaccrual status during the three months ended March 31, 2015. Additions to nonaccrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2015 were offset by $25.7 million in payoffs and principal paydowns, $7.5 million in gross charge-offs, $6.6 million in loans brought current, $2.1 million in loans that were transferred to OREO and $568 thousand in loans sold. Additions to nonaccrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2015 were comprised of $12.1 million in C&I loans, $11.7 million in CRE loans, $5.2 million in residential loans and $1.0 million in consumer loans.
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The Company had $53.5 million and $68.3 million in total performing TDR loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Nonperforming TDR loans were $24.2 million and $20.7 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, and are included in nonaccrual loans. Included in the total TDR loans were $2.3 million and $2.9 million of performing A/B notes as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. In A/B note restructurings, the original note is bifurcated into two notes where the A note represents the portion of the original loan which allows for acceptable loan-to-value and debt coverage on the collateral and is expected to be collected in full and the B note represents the portion of the original loan where there is a shortfall in value and is fully charged off. The A/B note is comprised of A note balance only. A notes are not disclosed as TDRs in subsequent years after the year of restructuring if the restructuring agreement specifies an interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and the loan is not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement. As of March 31, 2015, TDR loans were comprised of $28.9 million in CRE loans, $26.3 million in residential loans, $21.2 million in C&I loans and $1.3 million in consumer loans. As of December 31, 2014, total TDRs were comprised of $36.6 million in CRE loans, $29.5 million in residential loans, $21.7 million in C&I loans and $1.2 million in consumer loans.
The following table presents information regarding non-PCI nonaccrual loans, loans 90 or more days past due but not on nonaccrual, restructured loans and other real estate owned as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

($ in thousands) |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
Nonaccrual loans |  | $ | 87,780 |  |  | $ | 100,262 |
Loans 90 or more days past due but not on nonaccrual |  | — |  |  | — |
Total nonperforming loans |  | 87,780 |  |  | 100,262 |
Other real estate owned, net |  | 32,692 |  |  | 32,111 |
Total nonperforming assets |  | $ | 120,472 |  |  | $ | 132,373 |
Performing restructured loans |  | $ | 53,507 |  |  | $ | 68,338 |
Non-PCI nonperforming assets to total assets |  | 0.40 | % |  | 0.46 | %
Non-PCI nonaccrual loans to total loans held-for-investment |  | 0.41 | % |  | 0.46 | %
Total allowance for loan losses to non-PCI nonaccrual loans |  | 293.62 | % |  | 261.00 | %

The Company evaluates loan impairment according to the provisions of ASC 310-10, Receivables. Under ASC 310-10, loans are considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, as an expedient, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, less costs to sell. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan and the loan is classified as nonperforming and uncollectible, the deficiency is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Also, in accordance with ASC 310-10, loans that are considered impaired are specifically excluded from the quarterly migration analysis when determining the amount of the general valuation allowance for loan losses required for the period.
For collateral dependent loans, a third party appraisal or evaluation is normally obtained to ensure the loan value is charged down to the fair value of the collateral. Third party appraisals and evaluations are reviewed by the Company's appraisal department. Updated appraisals and evaluations are obtained on a regular basis or at least annually, for impaired loans and OREO. On a quarterly basis, all appraisals and evaluations of nonperforming assets are reviewed to assess the current carrying value and to ensure that the current carrying value is appropriate. In calculating the discount to be applied to an appraisal or evaluation, if necessary, the Company would consider the location of collateral, the property type, and third party comparable sales. For certain impaired loans, the Company utilizes the discounted cash flow approach and applies a discount rate derived from historical data. If it is determined by management that the current value is not appropriate, adjustments to the carrying value will be calculated and a charge-off may be taken to reduce the loan or the OREO to the appropriate adjusted carrying value.
As of March 31, 2015, the Company’s total recorded investment in impaired loans was $130.2 million, compared with $154.1 million as of December 31, 2014. Impaired loans exclude the homogeneous consumer loan portfolio which is evaluated collectively for impairment. Impaired loans include non-PCI loans held-for-investment on nonaccrual status, regardless of the collateral coverage, and all loans modified in a TDR. As of March 31, 2015, the allowance for loan losses included $20.2 million for impaired loans with a total recorded balance of $59.1 million. As of December 31, 2014, the allowance for loan losses included $19.5 million for impaired loans with a total recorded balance of $71.7 million.
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The following table presents information regarding non-PCI impaired loans as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Amount |  | Percent
CRE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income producing |  | $ | 43,187 |  |  | 33 | % |  | $ | 50,045 |  |  | 33 | %
Construction |  | 916 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 6,888 |  |  | 4 | %
Land |  | 3,369 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 8,460 |  |  | 5 | %
Total CRE impaired loans |  | 47,472 |  |  | 36 | % |  | 65,393 |  |  | 42 | %
C&I: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial business |  | 39,001 |  |  | 30 | % |  | 36,269 |  |  | 24 | %
Trade finance |  | 216 |  |  | — |  |  | 274 |  |  | — |
Total C&I impaired loans |  | 39,217 |  |  | 30 | % |  | 36,543 |  |  | 24 | %
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Single-family |  | 15,411 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 16,535 |  |  | 11 | %
Multifamily |  | 26,794 |  |  | 21 | % |  | 34,390 |  |  | 22 | %
Total residential impaired loans |  | 42,205 |  |  | 33 | % |  | 50,925 |  |  | 33 | %
Consumer |  | 1,258 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 1,259 |  |  | 1 | %
Total gross impaired loans |  | $ | 130,152 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 154,120 |  |  | 100 | %

Allowance for Loan Losses
The Company is committed to maintaining the allowance for loan losses at a level that is commensurate with the estimated inherent loss in the loan portfolio. In addition to regular quarterly reviews of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, the Company performs an ongoing assessment of the risks inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses which is charged against current period operating results, and is increased or decreased by the amount of net recoveries or charge-offs, respectively, during the period. While the Company believes that the allowance for loan losses is appropriate as of March 31, 2015, future additions to the allowance will be subject to a continuing evaluation of inherent risks in the loan portfolio.
The Company’s methodology to determine the overall appropriateness of the allowance is based on a loss migration model and qualitative considerations. The migration analysis looks at pools of loans having similar characteristics and analyzes their loss rates over a historical period. The Company utilizes historical loss factors derived from trends and losses associated with each pool over a specified period of time. Based on this process, the Company assigns loss factors to each loan grade within each pool of loans. Loss rates derived by the migration model are based predominantly on historical loss trends that may not be indicative of the actual or inherent loss potential. As such, the Company utilizes qualitative and environmental factors as adjusting mechanisms to supplement the historical results of the classification migration model. Qualitative considerations include, but are not limited to, prevailing economic or market conditions, relative risk profiles of various loan segments, volume concentrations, growth trends, delinquency and nonaccrual status, problem loan trends, and geographic concentrations. Qualitative and environmental factors are reflected as percent adjustments and are added to the historical loss rates derived from the classified asset migration model to determine the appropriate allowance amount for each loan pool.
The Company maintains an allowance on non-PCI and PCI loans. Based on the Company’s estimates of cash flows expected to be collected, the Company establishes an allowance for the PCI loans, with a charge to income through the provision for loan losses. As of March 31, 2015, the Company has established an allowance of $643 thousand on $1.24 billion of PCI loans. As of December 31, 2014, an allowance of $714 thousand was established on $1.32 billion of PCI loans. The allowance balances for both periods were allocated mainly to the PCI CRE loans, and are included in the following tables. With respect to the PCI loans, losses are estimated collectively for groups of loans with similar characteristics.
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The following table presents the Company’s allocation of the combined non-PCI and PCI allowance for loan losses by loan segment and the ratio of each loan segment to total loans as of the dates indicated:

|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
($ in thousands) |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | Amount |  | Percent
CRE |  | $ | 69,740 |  |  | 27 | % |  | $ | 72,263 |  |  | 28 | %
C&I |  | 133,914 |  |  | 52 | % |  | 134,598 |  |  | 51 | %
Residential |  | 42,990 |  |  | 17 | % |  | 43,856 |  |  | 17 | %
Consumer |  | 10,451 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 10,248 |  |  | 4 | %
Allowance for PCI loans |  | 643 |  |  | — |  |  | 714 |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 257,738 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 261,679 |  |  | 100 | %

As of March 31, 2015, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $257.7 million, or 1.21% of total loans held-for investment, compared with $261.7 million or 1.20% of total loans held-for-investment as of December 31, 2014 and $252.1 million or 1.30% of total loans held-for-investment as of March 31, 2014.
The Company recorded provision for loan losses on total loans of $5.0 million and $6.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company recorded $6.0 million in net charge-offs representing 0.11% of average loans held-for-investment during the quarter, on an annualized basis. In comparison, the Company recorded net charge-offs totaling $4.3 million, representing 0.09% of average loans held-for-investment, on an annualized basis, for the same period in 2014.
The allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures and recourse provisions is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities and amounted to $15.6 million at March 31, 2015, compared to $12.7 million at December 31, 2014. Net adjustments to the allowance for unfunded loan commitments, off-balance sheet credit exposures and recourse provisions are included in the provision for loan losses.
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The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses on total loans for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period |  | $ | 261,679 |  |  | $ | 249,675 |
Provision for loan losses |  | 4,987 |  |  | 6,933 |
(Reversal of) provision for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit |  | (2,920 | ) |  | (215 | )
Gross charge-offs: |  |  |  |
CRE |  | (1,002 | ) |  | (319 | )
C&I |  | (6,589 | ) |  | (5,531 | )
Residential |  | (746 | ) |  | (283 | )
Consumer |  | (463 | ) |  | (3 | )
Total gross charge-offs |  | (8,800 | ) |  | (6,136 | )
Gross recoveries: |  |  |  |  |  |
CRE |  | 812 |  |  | 828 |
C&I |  | 527 |  |  | 911 |
Residential |  | 1,451 |  |  | 137 |
Consumer |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |
Total gross recoveries |  | 2,792 |  |  | 1,879 |
Net charge-offs |  | (6,008 | ) |  | (4,257 | )
Total allowance for loan losses |  | $ | 257,738 |  |  | $ | 252,136 |
Average loans held-for-investment |  | $ | 21,687,371 |  |  | $ | 19,126,212 |
Total loans held-for-investment |  | $ | 21,375,568 |  |  | $ | 19,343,735 |
Annualized net charge-offs to average loans held-for-investment |  | 0.11 | % |  | 0.09 | %
Total allowance for loan losses to total loans held-for-investment |  | 1.21 | % |  | 1.30 | %

Deposits
The Company offers a wide variety of deposit account products to both consumer and commercial customers. As of March 31, 2015, total deposits grew to a record $25.16 billion, an increase of $1.15 billion or 5% from $24.01 billion as of December 31, 2014. Core deposits totaled a record $18.79 billion as of March 31, 2015, an increase of $890.4 million or 5% from $17.90 billion as of December 31, 2014. The increase in core deposits stemmed from a $739.6 million or 10% increase in noninterest-bearing demand accounts, to a record $8.12 billion as of March 31, 2015 from $7.38 billion as of December 31, 2014. All deposit categories grew during the three months ended March 31, 2015, including time deposits which increased $263.6 million or 4% from $6.11 billion as of December 31, 2014 to $6.38 billion as of March 31, 2015.
As of March 31, 2015, time deposits within the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) program decreased $367 thousand to $179.6 million, compared to $180.0 million as of December 31, 2014. The CDARS program allows customers with deposits in excess of FDIC-insured limits to obtain full coverage on time deposits through a network of banks within the CDARS program. Additionally, the Company partners with other financial institutions to offer a retail sweep product for non-time deposit accounts that provides added deposit insurance coverage for deposits in excess of FDIC-insured limits. Deposits gathered through these programs are considered brokered deposits under regulatory reporting guidelines.
Public deposits increased $379.2 million or 22% to $2.10 billion as of March 31, 2015, from $1.72 billion as of December 31, 2014. A large portion of these public funds are comprised of deposits from the State of California.
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The following table presents the composition of the deposit portfolio as of the dates indicated:

($ in thousands) |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
Core deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand |  | $ | 8,120,644 |  |  | $ | 7,381,030 |
Interest-bearing checking |  | 2,602,516 |  |  | 2,545,618 |
Money market |  | 6,360,795 |  |  | 6,318,120 |
Savings |  | 1,702,507 |  |  | 1,651,267 |
Total core deposits |  | 18,786,462 |  |  | 17,896,035 |
Time certificate deposits |  | 6,376,371 |  |  | 6,112,739 |
Total deposits |  | $ | 25,162,833 |  |  | $ | 24,008,774 |

Borrowings
The Company utilizes short-term and long-term borrowings to manage its liquidity position. Borrowing facilities employed include advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and securities sold under repurchase agreements (“repurchase agreements”).
FHLB advances increase d $536 thousand to $317.8 million as of March 31, 2015 from $317.2 million as of December 31, 2014. The quarter-to-quarter change in FHLB advances was primarily due to the accretion of the discount associated with these advances. As of March 31, 2015, FHLB advances had interest rates ranging from 0.42% to 0.65% and remaining maturities of four to eight years.
Repurchase agreements decreased $100.0 million or 13% from $795.0 million as of December 31, 2014 to $695.0 million as of March 31, 2015. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company entered into an additional resale agreement of $100.0 million which was eligible for netting against an existing repurchase agreement with the same counterparty. Refer to Note 6 - Securities purchased under resale agreement and sold under repurchase agreements included in this report, for further details. Repurchase agreements outstanding as of March 31, 2015 had interest rates ranging from 2.48% to 5.01% and remaining term of four months to eight years with counterparties having the right to a quarterly call. Repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The collateral for these agreements consists of U.S. Treasury notes, and debt mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government sponsored enterprises.
Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisting of junior subordinated debt and a term loan amounted to $220.9 million as of March 31, 2015, compared to $225.8 million as of December 31, 2014. The $4.9 million decrease was due to a $5.0 million paydown on the term loan during the three months ended March 31, 2015.
The junior subordinated debt totaled $145.9 million as of March 31, 2015, compared to $145.8 million as of December 31, 2014. In the aggregate, the junior subordinated debt outstanding as of March 31, 2015 had a weighted average interest rate of 1.85% and a remaining term of 20 to 22 years. Although trust preferred securities still qualify in 2015 as Tier I and Tier II capital for regulatory purposes (at adjusted percentages of 25% and 75% respectively), they will be limited to Tier II capital starting in 2016 per the relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
The Company entered into a $100.0 million three-year term loan agreement in 2013. The term loan will mature on July 1, 2016 and bears interest at the rate of the three-month London Interbank Offering Rate plus 150 basis points. Payment of $5.0 million is due quarterly starting on March 31, 2014 and a $50.0 million final payment is due at maturity on July 1, 2016. The interest rate on the term loan as of March 31, 2015 was 1.81%. The outstanding balance of the term loan was $75.0 million and $80.0 million as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations
Contractual Obligations
We have contractual obligations to make future payments on debt, borrowing and lease agreements in the normal course of business. For more information on contractual obligations, see Contractual Obligations on page 53 of the MD&A of the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as well as Note 13- FHLB Advances and Long-term Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company's 2014 Form 10-K.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As a financial service provider, the Company routinely enters into commitments to extend credit to customers, such as loan commitments, commercial letters of credit for foreign and domestic trade, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees. Many of these commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon. The credit policies used in underwriting loans to customers are the same ones used to extend these commitments. Under some of these contractual agreements, the Company may also have liabilities contingent upon the occurrence of certain events. The Company's liquidity sources have been and are expected to be sufficient to meet the cash requirements of our lending activities. A schedule of significant commitments to extend credit to the Company’s customers as of March 31, 2015 is as follows:

($ in thousands) |  | Commitments Outstanding
Undisbursed loan commitments |  | $ | 3,708,917 |
Standby letters of credit |  | $ | 1,365,307 |
Commercial letters of credit |  | $ | 74,681 |

Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2015, stockholders’ equity totaled $2.94 billion, an increase of 3% from $2.86 billion as of December 31, 2014. The increase was primarily due to net income of $100.0 million, a $9.3 million increase in net unrealized gains on investment securities recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and a $7.1 million increase primarily related to restricted stock unit activity, partially offset by the accrual and payment of cash dividends on common stock of $28.9 million; and purchase of treasury shares related to restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability amounting to $5.7 million, representing 140,871 shares. The Company’s primary source of capital is retention of operating earnings. In order to ensure adequate levels of capital, the Company conducts an ongoing assessment of projected sources, needs, and uses of capital in conjunction with projected increases in assets and the level of risk. As part of this ongoing assessment, the Board of Directors reviews the various components of capital and the adequacy of capital. As a result of the recently adopted federal regulatory changes to capital requirements, the Company’s Board of Directors, in consultation with management, will continue to monitor the adequacy and components of our capital and ensure that the Company meets all required regulatory standards.
Regulatory Capital
Basel III Capital Rules
The federal banking agencies have risk-based capital adequacy guidelines intended to provide a measure of capital adequacy that reflects the degree of risk associated with a banking organization’s operations both for transactions reported on the balance sheet as assets and for transactions, such as letters of credit and recourse arrangements, that are recorded as off-balance sheet items. Prior to January 1, 2015, these guidelines were based upon the 1988 capital accord (“Basel I”) of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the “Basel Committee”).
In 2013, the Federal Reserve Board, FDIC, and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued final rules (the “Basel III Capital Rules”) establishing a new comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations. The rules implement the Basel Committee’s December 2010 framework, commonly referred to as Basel III, for strengthening international capital standards as well as certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Basel III Capital Rules substantially revise the risk-based capital requirements applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions, including the Company and the Bank, compared to the previous U.S. risk-based capital rules. The Basel III Capital Rules are effective for the Company and the Bank on January 1, 2015 (subject to phase-in periods for some of their components).
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The Basel III Capital Rules: (i) introduce a new capital measure called CET1 and a related regulatory capital ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets; (ii) specify that Tier 1 capital consists of CET1 and “Additional Tier 1 capital” instruments, which are instruments treated as Tier 1 instruments under the prior capital rules that meet certain revised requirements; (iii) mandate that most deductions or adjustments to regulatory capital measures be made to CET1 and not to the other components of capital; and (iv) expand the scope of the deductions from and adjustments to capital as compared to existing regulations. Under the Basel III Capital Rules, for most banking organizations, the most common form of Additional Tier 1 capital is noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and the most common form of Tier 2 capital is subordinated notes and a portion of the allowance for loan and lease losses, in each case, subject to the Basel III Capital Rules’ specific requirements.
Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the following are the initial minimum capital ratios currently applicable to us as of January 1, 2015:

• | 4.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets;

• | 6.0% Tier 1 capital (that is, CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets;

• | 8.0% total capital (that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets; and

• | 4.0% Tier 1 leverage ratio.

The Basel III Capital Rules also introduce a new “capital conservation buffer,” composed entirely of CET1, on top of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Banking institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum but below the capital conservation buffer will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. The implementation of the capital conservation buffer will begin on January 1, 2016 at 0.625% and be phased in over a four-year period (increasing by that amount on each subsequent January 1, until it reaches 2.5% on January 1, 2019). Thus, when fully phased-in on January 1, 2019, the Bank will be required to maintain this additional capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of CET1, resulting in the following minimum capital ratios:

• | 4.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets, plus the capital conservation buffer, effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7%;

• | 6.0% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, plus the capital conservation buffer, effectively resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 8.5%;

• | 8.0% total capital to risk-weighted assets, plus the capital conservation buffer, effectively resulting in a minimum total capital ratio of at least 10.5%; and

• | 4.0% Tier 1 leverage ratio.

The Basel III Capital Rules provide for a number of deductions from and adjustments to CET1. These include, for example, the requirement that (i) mortgage servicing rights, (ii) deferred tax assets arising from temporary differences that could not be realized through net operating loss carrybacks and (iii) significant investments in non-consolidated financial entities be deducted from CET1 to the extent that any one such category exceeds 10% of CET1 or all such items, in the aggregate, exceed 15% of CET1. Implementation of the deductions and other adjustments to CET1 began on January 1, 2015 and will be phased-in over a four-year period (beginning at 40% on January 1, 2015 and an additional 20% per year thereafter). In addition, under the prior capital standards, the effects of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss (“AOCI”) items included in shareholders’ equity (for example, unrealized gains or losses on securities held in the available-for-sale portfolio) under U.S. GAAP were excluded for the purposes of determining regulatory capital ratios. Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the effects of certain AOCI items are not excluded; however, non-advanced approaches banking organizations, including the Company and the Bank, may make a one-time permanent election to continue to exclude these items. This election must be made concurrently with the first filing of certain of the Bank’s periodic regulatory reports in the beginning of 2015. The Bank intends to make this election in order to avoid significant variations in the level of capital due to the impact of interest rate fluctuations on the fair value of its available-for-sale securities portfolio.
The Basel III Capital Rules prescribe a new standardized approach for risk weightings that expands the risk weighting categories from the current four Basel I-derived categories (0%, 20%, 50% and 100%) to a larger and more risk-sensitive number of categories. Depending on the nature of the assets, risk weights range from 0% for U.S. government and agency securities, to 600% for certain equity exposures. The new capital rules generally result in higher risk weights for a variety of asset classes, including certain commercial real estate mortgages.
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Additional aspects of the fully phased-in New Capital Rules that are most relevant to the Company and the Bank include:

• | consistent with the Basel I risk-based capital rules, assigning exposures secured by single family residential properties to either a 50% risk weight for first-lien mortgages that meet prudential underwriting standards or a 100% risk weight category for all other mortgages;

• | providing for a 20% credit conversion factor for the unused portion of a commitment with an original maturity of one year or less that is not unconditionally cancelable (set at 0% under the Basel I risk based capital rules);

• | assigning a 150% risk weight to all exposures that are nonaccrual or 90 days or more past due (set at 100% under the Basel I risk-based capital rules), except for those secured by single family residential properties, which will be assigned a 100% risk weight, consistent with the Basel I risk-based capital rules;

• | applying a 150% risk weight instead of a 100% risk weight for certain high volatility commercial real estate acquisition, development and construction loans; and

• | applying a 250% risk weight to the portion of MSRs and DTAs arising from temporary differences that could not be realized through net operating loss carrybacks that are not deducted from CET1 capital (set at 100% under the Basel I risk-based capital rules).

Based on the Company and the Bank's current interpretation of the New Capital Rules, we believe that the Bank would meet all capital requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules on a fully phased-in basis as if such requirements were effective as of March 31, 2015.
Prompt Corrective Action
The Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended (“FDIA”) requires federal banking agencies to take “prompt corrective action” in respect of depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA includes the following five capital tiers: “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized.” A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation.
The relevant capital measures, which reflect changes under the Basel III Capital Rules that became effective on January 1, 2015, are the total risk-based capital ratio, the CET1 capital ratio (a new ratio requirement under the Basel III Capital Rules), the Tier 1 capital ratio and the Tier 1 leverage ratio. Under these new prompt corrective action provisions of the FDIA now in effect, an insured depository institution generally will be classified in the applicable category based on the capital measures indicated:

“Well Capitalized” |  | “Adequately Capitalized”
Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5%, |  | Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4%,
CET1 capital ratio of 6.5%, |  | CET1 capital ratio of 4.5%,
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% |  | Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6% and
Total risk-based capital ratio of 10%, and |  | Total risk-based capital ratio of 8%.
Not subject to a written agreement, order, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive requiring a specific capital level. |  |
“Undercapitalized” |  | “Significantly Undercapitalized”
Tier 1 leverage ratio less than 4%, |  | Tier 1 leverage ratio less than 3%,
CET1 capital ratio of less than 4.5%, |  | CET1 capital ratio of less than 3%,
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio less than 6%, or |  | Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio less than 4%, or
Total risk-based capital ratio less than 8%. |  | Total risk-based capital ratio less than 6%.
“Critically Undercapitalized” |  |
Tangible equity to total assets of 2% or less. |  |

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Capital Ratios
The Company is committed to maintaining capital at a level sufficient to assure the Company’s shareholders, the customers and the regulators that the Company and the Bank are financially sound.
The following table presents East West Bancorp, Inc.’s and East West Bank’s capital ratios as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 under Basel III and Basel I Capital Rules, respectively, with those required by regulatory agencies for capital adequacy and well capitalized classification purposes:

Basel III Capital Rules-March 31, 2015 |  | East West Bancorp |  | East West Bank |  | Minimum Regulatory Requirements |  | Well Capitalized Requirements
CET1 risk-based capital |  | 10.6 | % |  | 10.7 | % |  | 4.50 | % |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital |  | 10.7 | % |  | 10.7 | % |  | 6.00 | % |  | 8.00 | %
Total risk-based capital |  | 12.4 | % |  | 11.9 | % |  | 8.00 | % |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 leverage capital |  | 8.6 | % |  | 8.6 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | %

Basel I Capital Rules-December 31, 2014 |  | East West Bancorp |  | East West Bank |  | Minimum Regulatory Requirements |  | Well Capitalized Requirements
CET1 risk-based capital |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |  |  | N/A |
Tier 1 risk-based capital |  | 11.0 | % |  | 10.6 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 6.00 | %
Total risk-based capital |  | 12.6 | % |  | 11.8 | % |  | 8.00 | % |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 leverage capital |  | 8.4 | % |  | 8.2 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | %

ASSET LIABILITY AND MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT
Liquidity
Liquidity refers to the Company’s ability to meet its contractual and contingent financial obligations, on or off balance sheet, as they come due. Our primary liquidity management objective is to provide sufficient funding for our businesses throughout market cycles, and be able to manage both expected and unexpected cash flows without adversely impacting the financial health of the Company. To achieve this objective, we analyze our liquidity risk, maintain readily available liquid assets and access diverse funding sources including our stable core deposit base. Our Board of Directors set liquidity guidelines that govern the day-to-day active management of our liquidity position. The Company's Asset/Liability Committee in tandem with the Board of Directors regularly monitor our liquidity status and related management process.
The Company maintains liquidity in the form of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and available-for-sale investment securities. These assets totaled $5.05 billion and $4.00 billion as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 respectively, and represented 17% and 14% of total assets as of those dates. Traditional forms of funding, such as deposits and borrowing augment these liquid assets. At March 31, 2015, our core deposits amounted to $18.79 billion or 63% of total assets, compared to $17.90 billion or 62% of total assets, as of December 31, 2014. Our available borrowing capacity at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank discount window that is supported by securities and loans was $5.41 billion and $2.92 billion respectively as of March 31, 2015. The combined unused borrowing capacity at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank equaled 28% of total assets as of March 31, 2015. In addition to these secured borrowing lines with the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank, we have federal funds lines aggregating $683.0 million with various correspondent banks and master repurchase agreements with major brokerage companies.
During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company generated net cash inflows from operating activities of $125.5 million, compared to net cash inflows of $47.9 million for the same period in 2014. Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 increased by $25.9 million compared to the same period a year ago, while net cash from operating activities increased $77.7 million. The year-to-year improvement in cash inflow was mainly fueled by an increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities, a reduction in originations and purchases of loans held for sale and growth in profitability.
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Net cash outflows from investing activities totaled $397.3 million and $85.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Cash outflows from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were primarily related to net increases in loans and purchases of available-for-sale investment securities. The $311.7 million year-to-year increase in net cash outflow from investing activities was mainly attributable to a $525.0 million net increase in securities purchased under resale agreements and an increase in purchases of available-for-sale investment securities of $379.3 million, partially offset by a $545.6 million increase in proceeds from loan sales.
Net cash inflows from financing activities of $1.12 billion and $1.03 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in net cash inflows from financing activities mainly stemmed from increases in deposits, partly offset by cash dividend payments of $29.3 million and $26.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The $91.3 million year-to-year increase in net cash inflow from financing activities was primarily due to deposit growth.
The Company believes that its liquidity sources are sufficient to meet all reasonably foreseeable short-term and intermediate-term needs. As of March 31, 2015, the Company is not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that had or were reasonably likely to have a material effect on our liquidity position. As of March 31, 2015, the Company is not aware of any material commitments for capital expenditures in the foreseeable future.
The liquidity of East West Bancorp, Inc. has historically been dependent on the payment of cash dividends by its subsidiary, East West Bank, subject to applicable statutes, regulations and special approval. The Bank did not pay dividends to the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2015. In comparison, for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Bank paid $111.6 million of dividends to the Company. In April 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.20 per share on the Company’s common stock payable on or about May 15, 2015 to shareholders of record on May 1, 2015.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Management
Interest rate sensitivity management involves the ability to manage the impact of adverse fluctuations in interest rates on the Company’s net interest income and net portfolio value.
The fundamental objective of the asset liability management process is to manage the Company’s exposure to interest rate fluctuations while maintaining adequate levels of liquidity and capital. The Company’s strategy is formulated by the Asset/Liability Committee, which coordinates with the Board of Directors to monitor the Company’s overall asset and liability composition. The Committee meets regularly to evaluate, among other things, the sensitivity of the Company’s assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, the book and market values of assets and liabilities, unrealized gains and losses on the available-for-sale portfolio (including those attributable to hedging transactions, if any), purchase and securitization activity, and maturities of investments and borrowings.
The Company’s overall strategy is to minimize the adverse impact of immediate incremental changes in market interest rates (rate shock) on net interest income and net portfolio value. Net portfolio value is defined as the present value of assets, minus the present value of liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments. The attainment of this goal requires a balance between profitability, liquidity and interest rate risk exposure. To minimize the adverse impact of changes in market interest rates, the Company simulates the effect of instantaneous interest rate changes on net interest income and net portfolio value on a quarterly basis. The table below shows the estimated impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income and market value of equity as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, assuming a non-parallel shift of 100 and 200 basis points in both directions:

|  | Net Interest Income Volatility (1) |  | Net Portfolio Value Volatility (2)
Change in Interest Rates (Basis Points) |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014 |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014
+200 |  | 14.0 | % |  | 15.5 | % |  | 10.2 | % |  | 9.5 | %
+100 |  | 7.2 | % |  | 7.6 | % |  | 4.7 | % |  | 4.8 | %
-100 |  | (1.2 | )% |  | (1.1 | )% |  | (2.4 | )% |  | (2.0 | )%
-200 |  | (1.6 | )% |  | (1.4 | )% |  | (7.0 | )% |  | (3.4 | )%

(1) | The percentage change represents net interest income for twelve months in a stable interest rate environment versus net interest income in the various rate scenarios.

(2) | The percentage change represents net portfolio value of the Company in a stable interest rate environment versus net portfolio value in the various rate scenarios.

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All interest-earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities, and related derivative contracts were included in the interest rate sensitivity analysis at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. As of March 31, 2015, the Company’s balance sheet is more sensitive to interest rate changes on the asset side than the liability side. In a rising rate environment, this allows more net interest income and higher net portfolio value for the Company. However, in a declining rate environment, the Company will see lower net interest income and lower net portfolio value as projected in the volatility table above. At March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company’s estimated changes in net interest income and net portfolio value were within the ranges established by the Board of Directors.
The Company’s primary analytical tool to gauge interest rate sensitivity is a simulation model used by many major banks and bank regulators, and is based on the actual maturity and repricing characteristics of interest-rate sensitive assets and liabilities. The model attempts to predict changes in the yields earned on assets and the rates paid on liabilities in relation to changes in market interest rates. As an enhancement to the primary simulation model, prepayment assumptions and market rates of interest provided by independent broker/dealer quotations, an independent pricing model and other available public sources are incorporated into the model. Adjustments are made to reflect the shift in the Treasury and other appropriate yield curves. The model also factors in projections of anticipated activity levels by product line and takes into account the Company’s increased ability to control rates offered on deposit products in comparison to the Company’s ability to control rates on adjustable-rate loans tied to the published indices.
The following table presents the outstanding principal balances and the weighted average interest rates of the Company’s financial instruments as of March 31, 2015. The information presented below is based on the repricing date for variable rate instruments and the expected maturity date for fixed rate instruments:

|  | Expected Maturity or Repricing Date by Year
($ in thousands) |  | Year 1 |  | Year 2 |  | Year 3 |  | Year 4 |  | Year 5 |  | Thereafter |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CD investments |  | $ | 534,456 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 534,456 |
Average yield (fixed rate) |  | 3.56 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 3.56 | %
Short-term investments |  | $ | 1,351,972 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,351,972 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.34 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 0.34 | %
Resale agreements |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 250,000 |  |  | $ | 50,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 250,000 |  |  | $ | 1,550,000 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.97 | % |  | — | % |  | 1.58 | % |  | 2.15 | % |  | — | % |  | 2.24 | % |  | 1.31 | %
Available-for-sale investment securities |  | $ | 865,632 |  |  | $ | 294,500 |  |  | $ | 537,563 |  |  | $ | 652,647 |  |  | $ | 140,581 |  |  | $ | 350,162 |  |  | $ | 2,841,085 |
Weighted average rate |  | 1.69 | % |  | 2.10 | % |  | 1.49 | % |  | 1.59 | % |  | 1.90 | % |  | 3.30 | % |  | 1.88 | %
Total gross loans |  | $ | 17,920,146 |  |  | $ | 1,697,886 |  |  | $ | 957,718 |  |  | $ | 554,545 |  |  | $ | 288,908 |  |  | $ | 270,661 |  |  | $ | 21,689,864 |
Weighted average rate |  | 3.89 | % |  | 4.68 | % |  | 4.97 | % |  | 4.82 | % |  | 5.21 | % |  | 5.96 | % |  | 4.07 | %
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Checking deposits |  | $ | 2,239,416 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,239,416 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.25 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 0.25 | %
Money market deposits |  | $ | 6,360,795 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,360,795 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.27 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 0.27 | %
Savings deposits |  | $ | 1,702,507 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,702,507 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.17 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 0.17 | %
Time deposits |  | $ | 5,140,510 |  |  | $ | 551,175 |  |  | $ | 220,899 |  |  | $ | 194,435 |  |  | $ | 147,943 |  |  | $ | 121,410 |  |  | $ | 6,376,372 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.63 | % |  | 0.98 | % |  | 1.20 | % |  | 1.22 | % |  | 1.16 | % |  | (0.27 | )% |  | 0.69 | %
FHLB advances |  | $ | 332,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 332,000 |
Weighted average rate |  | 0.59 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 0.59 | %
Repurchase agreements (fixed rate) |  | $ | 495,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 495,000 |
Weighted average rate |  | 4.75 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 4.75 | %
Repurchase agreements (variable rate) |  | $ | 200,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 200,000 |
Weighted average rate |  | 2.90 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 2.90 | %
Junior subordinated debt (variable rate) |  | $ | 152,641 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 152,641 |
Weighted average rate |  | 1.85 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 1.85 | %
Other long-term borrowing (variable rate) |  | $ | 75,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 75,000 |
Weighted average rate |  | 1.81 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 1.81 | %

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Expected maturities of assets are contractual maturities adjusted for projected payment based on contractual amortization and unscheduled prepayments of principal as well as repricing frequency. For deposits with stated maturity dates, expected maturities are based on contractual maturity dates. Deposits with no stated maturity dates are assumed to be repriced each month with managed interest rates. The Company utilizes assumptions supported by documented analyses for the expected maturities of the Company’s loans and repricing of the Company’s deposits. The Company also uses prepayment projections for amortizing securities. The actual maturities of these instruments could vary significantly if future prepayments and repricing frequencies differ from the Company’s expectations based on historical experience.
The Asset/Liability Committee is authorized to utilize a variety of off-balance sheet financial techniques to assist in the management of interest rate risk. The Company may elect to use derivative financial instruments as part of the Company’s asset and liability management strategy, with the overall goal of minimizing the impact of interest rate fluctuations on the Company’s net interest margin and stockholders’ equity.
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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding market risks in the Company’s portfolio, see, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Asset Liability and Market Risk Management” presented elsewhere in this report.

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of March 31, 2015, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31, 2015.
Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
During the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements in Part I of this Form 10-Q that supplements the disclosure in Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements of the Company’s 2014 Annual Report.

ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS

The Company’s 2014 Annual Report contains disclosure regarding the risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s business under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors”. There are no material changes to the Company’s risk factors as presented in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report.

ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities or repurchase activities during the three months ended March 31, 2015.
On July 17, 2013, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to buy back up to $100.0 million of the Company's common stock. As of March 31, 2015, the Company did not repurchase any shares under this program.
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ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.
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ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS

(i) |  | Exhibit 31.1 |  | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(ii) |  | Exhibit 31.2 |  | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(iii) |  | Exhibit 32.1 |  | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(iv) |  | Exhibit 32.2 |  | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(v) |  | 101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document
(vi) |  | 101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
(vii) |  | 101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
(viii) |  | 101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
(ix) |  | 101.PRE |  | XBRL Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(x) |  | 101.DEF |  | XBRL Extension Definition Linkbase Document

All other material referenced in this report which is required to be filed as an exhibit hereto has previously been submitted.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: May 8, 2015

| EAST WEST BANCORP, INC.
| By: | /s/ IRENE H. OH
| Irene H. Oh
| Executive Vice President and
| Chief Financial Officer; Duly Authorized Officer

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