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Fair Value of Financial Investments | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2015
Fair Value of Financial Investments |
Fair Value of Financial Investments | F. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS We have maintained investments in available-for-sale securities, equity method investments and a number of private equity funds, principally as part of our tax planning strategies, as any gains enhance the utilization of any current and future tax capital losses. Financial investments included in other assets were as follows, in millions:
|  | June 30, |  | December 31, |
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
Auction rate securities |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 22 |
Total recurring investments |  | 22 |  | 22 |
Equity method investments |  | 13 |  | 11 |
Private equity funds |  | 12 |  | 14 |
Other investments |  | 3 |  | 3 |
Total |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | 50 |
Recurring Fair Value Measurements. The fair value of the auction rate securities held by us have been estimated, on a recurring basis, using a discounted cash flow model (Level 3 input). The significant inputs in the discounted cash flow model used to value the auction rate securities include: expected maturity of auction rate securities, discount rate used to determine the present value of expected cash flows and the assumptions for credit defaults, since the auction rate securities are backed by credit default swap agreements. Our investments in auction rate securities included cost basis of $19 million and pre-tax unrealized gains of $3 million and had a recorded basis of $22 million at both June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements. During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, we did not measure any financial investments at fair value on a non-recurring basis, as there was no other-than-temporary decline in the estimated value of these investments. We did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 financial assets in the six months ended June 30, 2015 or 2014. Realized Gains (Losses). Income from financial investments, net, included in other, net, within other income (expense), net, was as follows, in millions:
|  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, |  | June 30, |
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
Realized gains from private equity funds |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 4 |
Equity investment income (loss), net |  | 2 |  | — |  | 2 |  | (2 | )
Total income from financial investments, net |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | 2 |
Fair Value of Debt. The fair value of our short-term and long-term fixed-rate debt instruments is based principally upon modeled market prices for the same or similar issues or the current rates available to us for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. The aggregate estimated market value of short-term and long-term debt at June 30, 2015 was approximately $3.7 billion, compared with the aggregate carrying value of $3.4 billion. The aggregate estimated market value of short-term and long-term debt at December 31, 2014 was approximately $3.7 billion, compared with the aggregate carrying value of $3.4 billion.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=36462937&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 30 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14172-108612 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 28 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14064-108612 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13537-108611 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 16 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13504-108611 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13433-108611 + Details
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