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Restructuring and Acquisition Charges
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]  
Restructuring and Related Activities Disclosure [Text Block] RESTRUCTURING AND ACQUISITION CHARGES
Restructuring and acquisition charges include cash and non-cash expenses. Cash-based charges primarily consist of (i) severance and employment-related charges, including those related to external service providers, incurred in conjunction with a structural business shift, which can be represented by a notable change in headcount, change in leadership, or transformation of business processes, (ii) acquisition, transaction and integration-related charges, and (iii) other restructuring, including lease exit charges. Non-cash charges include (i) stock-based compensation expense for retention awards issued in conjunction with the HFF, Inc. ("HFF") acquisition and (ii) fair value adjustments to earn-out liabilities relating to prior-period acquisition activity. Restructuring and acquisition charges are presented in table below.
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)2022202120222021
Severance and other employment-related charges$9.4 1.2 $21.0 2.1 
Restructuring, pre-acquisition and post-acquisition charges11.4 11.2 39.5 32.6 
Stock-based compensation expense for HFF retention awards0.3 3.2 5.7 15.2 
Fair value adjustments to earn-out liabilities(0.1)— 0.2 1.0 
Restructuring and acquisition charges$21.0 15.6 $66.4 50.9 
We expect nearly all expenses related to (i) severance and other employment-related charges and (ii) restructuring, pre-acquisition and post-acquisition charges as of September 30, 2022 will be paid during the next twelve months.