<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-25-178022.txt : 20250811
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-25-178022.hdr.sgml : 20250811
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250811165133
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-25-178022
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		18
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250811
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250811
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250811

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Summit Therapeutics Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001599298
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				371979717
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-36866
		FILM NUMBER:		251202714

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		601 BRICKELL KEY DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 1000
		CITY:			MIAMI
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33131
		BUSINESS PHONE:		305-203-2034

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		601 BRICKELL KEY DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 1000
		CITY:			MIAMI
		STATE:			FL
		ZIP:			33131

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Summit Therapeutics plc
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150219

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Summit Corp plc
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20140205
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top;text-align:justify"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify">Item&#8201;1.01</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify">Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">On August&#160;11, 2025, Summit Therapeutics Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into an amendment (the &#8220;Amendment&#8221;) to the distribution agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (&#8220;Sales Agent&#8221;), as sales agent, which amended that certain distribution agreement, dated May&#160;13, 2024, by and between the Company and the Sales Agent (the &#8220;Original Distribution Agreement&#8221; and, as amended by the Amendment, the &#8220;Distribution Agreement&#8221;). Pursuant to the Amendment, the Original Distribution Agreement was amended to, among other things, increase the aggregate offering price of shares (the &#8220;Shares&#8221;) of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, from time to time, through the Sales Agent, by up to an additional $360,000,000. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">At the time of the Original Distribution Agreement, the Company filed a prospectus supplement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) in connection with the offer and sale of shares of its common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $90.0&#160;million (the &#8220;May 2024 Prospectus Supplement&#8221;), approximately $45.8&#160;million of which remained available for sale by the Company thereunder as of August&#160;11, 2025. In addition, on August&#160;11, 2025, the Company filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC (the &#8220;August 2025 Prospectus Supplement&#8221;) in connection with the offer and sale of shares of its common stock in an aggregate amount of up to an additional $360,000,000 under the Distribution Agreement. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">The Company is not obligated to sell any Shares under the Distribution Agreement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Distribution Agreement, the Sales Agent will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, to sell Shares from time to time based upon the Company&#8217;s instructions, including any price, time or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions specified by the Company. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Sales Agent may sell Shares in transactions that are deemed to be &#8220;at the market offerings&#8221; as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including sales made by means of ordinary brokers&#8217; transactions, including directly on the Nasdaq Global Market or into any other existing trading market for the Shares, or sales made to or through a market maker, in block transactions or by any other method permitted by law, including negotiated transactions. Sales may be made at market prices prevailing at the time of a sale or at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The Company will pay the Sales Agent a commission of up to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold through it acting as Sales Agent. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the Shares under the Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Distribution Agreement. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">The issuance and sale, if any, of the Shares by the Company under the Distribution Agreement will be made pursuant to the Company&#8217;s effective registration statement on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">S-3</span> (File <span style="white-space:nowrap">No.&#160;333-277169)</span> filed with the SEC on February&#160;20, 2024, and declared effective as of February&#160;27, 2024. In connection with the offer and sale of shares of its common stock pursuant to the Original Distribution Agreement and the Amendment, the Company filed the May 2024 Prospectus Supplement and the August 2025 Prospectus Supplement with the SEC on May&#160;13, 2024 and August&#160;11, 2025, respectively. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">The foregoing description of the Original Distribution Agreement and the Amendment does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Original Distribution Agreement and the Amendment, copies of which are filed as Exhibits 1.1 and 1.2 to this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K,</span> respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference. The legal opinion of Baker&#160;&amp; Hostetler LLP, counsel to the Company, relating to the validity of the issuance and sale of the Shares being offered pursuant to the August 2025 Prospectus Supplement, is filed as Exhibit 5.1 to this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> and is incorporated herein by reference. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">This Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any Shares under the Distribution Agreement nor shall there be any sale of such Shares in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state. </p> <p style="font-size:18pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify">Financial Statements and Exhibits. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">(d) Exhibits </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"><a href="d56029dex11.htm">Distribution Agreement, dated May&#160;13, 2024, by and between Summit Therapeutics Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC </a></p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"><a href="d56029dex12.htm">Amendment to Distribution Agreement, dated August&#160;11, 2025, by and between Summit Therapeutics Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC </a></p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"><a href="d56029dex51.htm">Opinion of Baker&#160;&amp; Hostetler LLP </a></p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"><a href="d56029dex51.htm">Consent of Baker&#160;&amp; Hostetler LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) </a></p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom" colspan="3"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify">SUMMIT THERAPEUTICS&#160;INC.</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">Date: August&#160;11, 2025</p></td>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">By:</p></td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:justify">/s/ Manmeet S. Soni</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Director</p></td></tr>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 1.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">May&nbsp;13, 2024 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">383 Madison Avenue </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">New York, New York 10179 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Ladies and Gentlemen: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Summit Therapeutics Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;), confirms its agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as agent and/or principal under any Terms Agreement (as defined in Section&nbsp;1(a) below) (&#147;<B>you</B>&#148; or the
&#147;<B>Agent</B>&#148;), with respect to the issuance and sale from time to time by the Company, in the manner and subject to the terms and conditions described below in this Distribution Agreement (this &#147;<B>Agreement</B>&#148;), of Common
Stock, $0.01 par value per share (the &#147;<B>Common Stock</B>&#148;), of the Company having an aggregate Gross Sales Price (as defined in Section&nbsp;2(b) below) of up to $90,000,000<B> </B>(the &#147;<B>Maximum Amount</B>&#148;) on the terms set
forth in Section&nbsp;1 of this Agreement. Such shares are hereinafter collectively referred to as the &#147;<B>Shares</B>&#148; and are described in the Prospectus referred to below. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;<B>Commission</B>&#148;) a registration statement on Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> (File <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">No.&nbsp;333-</FONT> 277169) (the &#147;<B>registration statement</B>&#148;) for the registration of the Shares and other securities of the Company under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the &#147;<B>Act</B>&#148;); and such registration statement sets forth the terms of the offering, sale and plan of distribution of the Shares and
contains additional information concerning the Company and its business. Except where the context otherwise requires, &#147;<B>Registration Statement</B>,&#148; as used herein, means the registration statement, as amended at the time of such
registration statement&#146;s effectiveness for purposes of Section&nbsp;11 of the Act, as such section applies to the Agent, including (1)&nbsp;all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein
and (2)&nbsp;any information contained or incorporated by reference in a prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, to the extent such information is deemed, pursuant to Rule 430B or Rule 430C under the Act, to be
part of the registration statement at the effective time. &#147;<B>Basic Prospectus</B>&#148; means the prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement, including the documents incorporated by reference therein as of the date of such
prospectus; &#147;<B>Prospectus Supplement</B>&#148; means the most recent prospectus supplement relating to the Shares, to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act on or before the second business day after
the date of its first use in connection with a public offering or sale of Shares pursuant hereto (or such earlier time as may be required under the Act), in the form furnished by the Company to the Agent in connection with the offering of the
Shares; &#147;<B>Prospectus</B>&#148; means the Prospectus Supplement (and any additional prospectus supplement prepared in accordance with the provision of Section&nbsp;4(h) of this Agreement and filed in accordance with the provisions of Rule
424(b)) together with the Basic Prospectus attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement; and &#147;<B>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</B>&#148; has the meaning set forth in Section&nbsp;3(b). Any reference herein to the Registration
Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, </P>
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the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall, unless otherwise stated, be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference, or deemed to be
incorporated by reference, therein (the &#147;<B>Incorporated Documents</B>&#148;), including, unless the context otherwise requires, the documents, if any, filed as exhibits to such Incorporated Documents. Any reference herein to the terms
&#147;amend,&#148; &#147;amendment&#148; or &#147;supplement&#148; with respect to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall, unless stated otherwise,
be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the &#147;<B>Exchange Act</B>&#148;) on or after the initial effective date
of the Registration Statement, or the date of the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, as the case may be, and deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. References in this
Agreement to financial statements or other information that is &#147;contained,&#148; &#147;included,&#148; &#147;described,&#148; &#147;set forth&#148; or &#147;provided&#148; in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus
Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and any similar references shall, unless stated otherwise, include any information incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Company and the Agent agree as follows: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1. <U>Issuance and Sale</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)
Upon the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and provided the Company provides the Agent with any due diligence materials and information reasonably requested by the Agent
necessary for the Agent to satisfy its due diligence obligations, on any Exchange Business Day (as defined below) selected by the Company, the Company and the Agent shall enter into an agreement in accordance with Section&nbsp;2 hereof regarding the
number of Shares to be placed by the Agent, as agent, and the manner in which and other terms upon which such placement is to occur (each such transaction being referred to as an &#147;<B>Agency Transaction</B>&#148;). The Company may also offer to
sell the Shares directly to the Agent, as principal, in which event such parties shall enter into a separate agreement (each, a &#147;<B>Terms Agreement</B>&#148;) in substantially the form of Exhibit A hereto (with such changes thereto as may be
agreed upon by the Company and the Agent to accommodate a transaction involving additional underwriters), relating to such sale in accordance with Section&nbsp;2(g) of this Agreement (each such transaction being referred to as a &#147;<B>Principal
Transaction</B>&#148;). As used herein, (i)&nbsp;the &#147;<B>Term</B>&#148; shall be the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the earlier of (x)&nbsp;the date on which the aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares issued and sold pursuant
to this Agreement and any Terms Agreements equal to the Maximum Amount<B> </B>and (y)&nbsp;any termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section&nbsp;8, (ii) an &#147;<B>Exchange Business Day</B>&#148; means any day during the Term that is a trading
day for the Exchange other than a day on which trading on the Exchange is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time, and (iii) &#147;<B>Exchange</B>&#148; means the Nasdaq Global Market. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth below, the Company appoints the Agent as agent in connection with the offer and sale of
Shares in any Agency Transactions entered into hereunder. The Agent will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, to sell such Shares in accordance with the terms and subject
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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to the conditions hereof and of the applicable Transaction Acceptance (as defined below). Neither the Company nor the Agent shall have any obligation to enter into an Agency Transaction. The
Company shall be obligated to issue and sell through the Agent, and the Agent shall be obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and as provided herein and in the applicable Transaction
Acceptance, to place Shares only if and when the Company makes a Transaction Proposal to the Agent related to such an Agency Transaction and a Transaction Acceptance related to such Agency Transaction has been delivered to the Company by the Agent
as provided in Section&nbsp;2 below. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) The Agent, as agent in any Agency Transaction, hereby covenants and agrees not to make any sales
of the Shares on behalf of the Company pursuant to this Agreement other than (A)&nbsp;by means of ordinary brokers&#146; transactions between members of the Exchange that qualify for delivery of a Prospectus in accordance with Rule 153 under the Act
and meet the definition of an &#147;at the market offering&#148; under Rule 415(a)(4) under the Act (such transactions are hereinafter referred to as &#147;<B>At the Market Offerings</B>&#148;) and (B)&nbsp;such other sales of the Shares on behalf
of the Company in its capacity as agent of the Company as shall be agreed by the Company and the Agent in writing. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) If Shares are to be
sold in an Agency Transaction in an At the Market Offering, the Agent will confirm in writing to the Company the number of Shares sold on any Exchange Business Day and the related Gross Sales Price and Net Sales Price (as each of such terms is
defined in Section&nbsp;2(b) below) no later than the opening of trading on the immediately following Exchange Business Day. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) If the
Company shall default on its obligation to deliver Shares to the Agent pursuant to the terms of any Agency Transaction or Terms Agreement, the Company shall (i)&nbsp;indemnify and hold harmless the Agent and its successors and assigns from and
against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and reasonable and documented expenses arising from or as a result of such default by the Company and (ii)&nbsp;notwithstanding any such default, pay to the Agent the commission to which it
would otherwise be entitled in connection with such sale in accordance with Section&nbsp;2(b) below. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) The Company acknowledges and
agrees that (i)&nbsp;there can be no assurance that the Agent will be successful in selling the Shares, (ii)&nbsp;the Agent shall incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Shares for any reason
other than a failure by the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and
(iii)&nbsp;the Agent shall be under no obligation to purchase Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement, except as may otherwise be specifically agreed by the Agent and the Company in a Terms Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2. <U>Transaction Acceptances and Terms Agreements</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) The Company may, from time to time during the Term, propose to the Agent that they enter into an Agency Transaction to be executed on a
specified Exchange Business Day or over a specified period of Exchange Business Days, which proposal shall be made to the Agent by telephone or by email from any of the individuals listed as an authorized representative of the
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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Company on Schedule A hereto to make such sales and shall set forth the information specified below (each, a &#147;<B>Transaction Proposal</B>&#148;). If the Agent agrees to the terms of such
proposed Agency Transaction or if the Company and the Agent mutually agree to modified terms for such proposed Agency Transaction, then the Agent shall promptly deliver to the Company by email a notice (each, a &#147;<B>Transaction
Acceptance</B>&#148;) confirming the terms of such proposed Agency Transaction as set forth in such Transaction Proposal or setting forth the modified terms for such proposed Agency Transaction as agreed by the Company and the Agent, as the case may
be, whereupon such Agency Transaction shall become a binding agreement between the Company and the Agent. Each Transaction Proposal shall specify: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the Exchange Business Day(s) on which the Shares subject to such Agency Transaction are intended to be sold
(each, a &#147;<B>Purchase Date</B>&#148;); </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the maximum number of Shares to be sold by the Agent (the &#147;<B>Specified Number of Shares</B>&#148;) on, or
over the course of, such Purchase Date(s), or as otherwise agreed between the Company and Agent and documented in the relevant Transaction Acceptance; and; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">the lowest price per Share, if any, at which the Company is willing to sell Shares on each such Purchase Date
or a formula pursuant to which such lowest price shall be determined (each, a &#147;<B>Floor Price</B>&#148;); and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">if other than 3.0% of the Gross Sales Price, the Agent&#146;s discount or commission. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A Transaction Proposal shall not set forth a Specified Number of Shares and Floor Price the product of which, when added to
the aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares previously purchased and to be purchased pursuant to pending Transaction Acceptances (if any) hereunder and any Terms Agreements, results or could result in a total Gross Sales Price<B> </B>that exceeds the
Maximum Amount nor shall it set forth a Floor Price which is lower than the minimum price authorized from time to time by the Company&#146;s board of directors or, if permitted by applicable law and the Company&#146;s charter and <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws,</FONT> a duly authorized committee thereof. The Company shall have responsibility for maintaining records with respect to the aggregate number and aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares sold and for otherwise
monitoring the availability of Shares for sale under the Registration Statement and for ensuring that the aggregate number and aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares offered and sold does not exceed, and the price at which any Shares are offered or
sold is not lower than, the aggregate number and aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares and the minimum price authorized from time to time by the Company&#146;s board of directors or, if permitted by applicable law and the Company&#146;s charter and <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws,</FONT> a duly authorized committee thereof. In the event that more than one Transaction Acceptance with respect to any Purchase Date(s) is delivered by the Agent to the Company, the latest Transaction Acceptance
shall govern any sales of Shares for the relevant Purchase Date(s), except to the extent of any action occurring pursuant to a prior Transaction Acceptance and prior to the delivery to the Company of the latest
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">4 </P>

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Transaction Acceptance. The Company or the Agent may, upon notice to the other such party by either email (with receipt confirmed by telephone or appropriate,
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-automated</FONT> email) or telephone (confirmed promptly by <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">e-mail),</FONT> suspend or terminate the offering of the Shares pursuant to Agency Transactions for any reason;
<I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties&#146; respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice or their respective obligations
under any Terms Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the terms of any Agency Transaction contemplate that Shares shall be sold on more than one Purchase Date, then the Company and the Agent shall mutually agree to such additional terms and
conditions as they deem reasonably necessary in respect of such multiple Purchase Dates, and such additional terms and conditions shall be set forth in or confirmed by, as the case may be, the relevant Transaction Acceptance and be binding to the
same extent as any other terms contained therein. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) The Purchase Date(s) in respect of the Shares deliverable pursuant to any
Transaction Acceptance shall be set forth in or confirmed by, as the case may be, the applicable Transaction Acceptance. Except as otherwise agreed between the Company and the Agent, the Agent&#146;s commission for any Shares sold through the Agent
pursuant to this Agreement shall be a percentage, not to exceed 3.0%,<B> </B>of the actual sales price of such Shares (the &#147;<B>Gross Sales Price</B>&#148;), which commission shall be as set forth in or confirmed by, as the case may be, the
applicable Transaction Acceptance; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that such commission shall not apply when the Agent acts as principal, in which case such commission or a discount shall be set forth in the applicable Terms Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Company engages the Agent for a sale of Shares in an Agency Transaction that would constitute a &#147;distribution,&#148; within the meaning of Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act or a
&#147;block&#148; within the meaning of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10b-18(a)(5)</FONT> under the Exchange Act, the Company will provide the Agent, at the Agent&#146;s request and upon reasonable advance notice to the Company, on or prior
to the Settlement Date the opinions of counsel, accountants&#146; letters and officers&#146; certificates pursuant to Section&nbsp;5 hereof, each dated the Settlement Date, and such other documents and information as the Agent shall reasonably
request, and the Company and the Agent will agree to compensation that is customary for the Agent with respect to such transaction. The Gross Sales Price less the Agent&#146;s commission and after deduction for any transaction fees, transfer taxes
or similar taxes or fees imposed by any governmental, regulatory or self-regulatory organization in respect of the sale of the applicable Shares is referred to herein at the &#147;<B>Net Sales Price</B>.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) Payment of the Net Sales Price for Shares sold by the Company on any Purchase Date pursuant to a Transaction Acceptance shall be made to
the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Company (which the Company shall provide to the Agent at least one Exchange Business Day prior to the applicable Agency Settlement Date (as defined below)) against
delivery of such Shares to the Agent&#146;s account, or an account of the Agent&#146;s designee, at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System (&#147;<B>DWAC</B>&#148;) or by such other means of delivery as
may be agreed to by the Company and the Agent. Such payment and delivery shall be made at or about 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the first Exchange Business Day (or such other day as may, from time to
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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time, become standard industry practice for settlement of such a securities issuance or as agreed to by the Company and the Agent) following each Purchase Date (each, an &#147;<B>Agency
Settlement Date</B>&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) If, as set forth in or confirmed by, as the case may be, the related Transaction Acceptance, a Floor Price
has been agreed to by the parties with respect to a Purchase Date, and the Agent thereafter determines and notifies the Company that the Gross Sales Price for such Agency Transaction would not be at least equal to such Floor Price, then the Company
shall not be obligated to issue and sell through the Agent, and the Agent shall not be obligated to place, the Shares proposed to be sold pursuant to such Agency Transaction on such Purchase Date, unless the Company and the Agent otherwise agree in
writing. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) If either party has reason to believe that the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M under the
Exchange Act are not satisfied with respect to the Shares, it shall promptly notify the other party and sales of the Shares under this Agreement, any Transaction Acceptance or any Terms Agreement shall be suspended until that or other exemptive
provisions have been satisfied in the judgment of each party. On or prior to the delivery of a prospectus that is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with the offering or
sale of the Shares, the Company shall calculate the average daily trading volume (as defined under &#147;<B>ADTV</B>&#148; by Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock based on market data provided by Bloomberg L.P. or
such other sources as agreed upon by the Company and the Agent. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(f)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">(i) If the Company wishes to issue and sell the Shares pursuant to this Agreement but other than as set forth
in Section&nbsp;2(a) of this Agreement, it will notify the Agent of the proposed terms of the Principal Transaction. If the Agent, acting as principal, wishes to accept such proposed terms (which it may decline to do for any reason in its sole
discretion) or, following discussions with the Company, wishes to accept amended terms, the Company and the Agent shall enter into a Terms Agreement setting forth the terms of such Principal Transaction. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) The terms set forth in a Terms Agreement shall not be binding on the Company or the Agent unless and until the Company and the Agent have
each executed and delivered such Terms Agreement accepting all of the terms of such Terms Agreement. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement shall control.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) Each sale of the Shares to the Agent in a Principal Transaction shall be made in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and a
Terms Agreement, which shall provide for the sale of such Shares to, and the purchase thereof by, the Agent. A Terms Agreement may also specify certain provisions relating to the reoffering of such Shares by the Agent. The commitment of the Agent to
purchase the Shares pursuant to any Terms Agreement shall be deemed to have been made on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company contained, and shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth, in this
Agreement and such Terms Agreement. Any such Terms Agreement shall specify the number of the Shares </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">6 </P>

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to be purchased by the Agent pursuant thereto, the price to be paid to the Company for such Shares, any provisions relating to rights of, and default by, underwriters, if any, acting together
with the Agent in the reoffering of the Shares, and the time and date (each such time and date being referred to herein as a &#147;<B>Principal Settlement Date</B>&#148;; and, together with any Agency Settlement Date, a &#147;<B>Settlement
Date</B>&#148;) and place of delivery of and payment for such Shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the
Company shall not offer, sell or deliver, or request the offer or sale, of any Shares pursuant to this Agreement (whether in an Agency Transaction or a Principal Transaction) and, by notice to the Agent given by either email (with receipt confirmed
by telephone or appropriate, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-automated</FONT> email) or telephone (confirmed promptly by email), shall cancel any instructions for the offer or sale of any Shares, and the Agent shall not be obligated to offer or
sell any Shares, (i)&nbsp;during any period in which the Company&#146;s insider trading policy, as it exists on the date of this Agreement, would prohibit the purchases or sales of the Company&#146;s Common Stock by any of its officers or directors,
(ii)&nbsp;during any period in which the Company is, or could be deemed to be, in possession of material <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-public</FONT> information or (iii)&nbsp;at any time from and including the date on which the Company shall
issue a press release containing, or shall otherwise publicly announce, its earnings, revenues or other results of operations (an &#147;<B>Earnings Announcement</B>&#148;) through and including the time that is 24 hours after the time that the
Company files a Quarterly Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT> or an Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> that includes consolidated financial statements as of and for the same period or periods,
as the case may be, covered by such Earnings Announcement.<B> </B> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) The Company agrees that any offer to sell, any solicitation of an
offer to buy, or any sales of Shares by the Company shall be effected only by or through the Agent on any Exchange Business Day. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(j)
Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Agent, as sales agent, shall not be obligated to use its commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal
trading and sales practices, to sell, any Shares at a price lower than the minimum price, or in a number or with an aggregate gross or net sales price in excess of the number or aggregate gross or net sales price, as the case may be, authorized from
time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement, in each case by the Company&#146;s board of directors or, if permitted by applicable law and the Company&#146;s charter and
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws,</FONT> a duly authorized committee thereof, or in a number in excess of the number of Shares approved for listing on the Exchange, or in excess of the number or amount of Shares available for issuance on the
Registration Statement or as to which the Company has paid the applicable registration fee, it being understood and agreed by the parties hereto that compliance with any such limitations shall be the sole responsibility of the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3. <U>Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Company</U>. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Agent, on and
as of (i)&nbsp;the date hereof, (ii)&nbsp;each date on which the Company receives a Transaction Acceptance (the &#147;<B>Time of Acceptance</B>&#148;), (iii) each date on which the Company executes and delivers a Terms Agreement, (iv)&nbsp;each Time
of Sale (as defined in Section&nbsp;3(a)), (v) each Settlement Date and (vi)&nbsp;each Bring-Down Delivery Date (as defined in Section&nbsp;6(b)) (each such date listed in (i)&nbsp;through (vi), a &#147;<B>Representation Date</B>&#148;), as follows:
</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) The Registration Statement has been filed with and has been declared effective by the
Commission not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; there is no order preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no
proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A of the Act against the Company or related to the offering has been initiated or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission; the Registration Statement complied when it
initially became effective, complies as of the date hereof and, as then amended or supplemented, as of each other Representation Date will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; the conditions to the use of Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby have been satisfied; the Registration Statement meets, and the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby comply with,
the requirements of Rule 415 under the Act (including, without limitation, Rule&nbsp;415(a)(5)); the Prospectus complied or will comply, at the time it was or will be filed with the Commission, and will comply, as then amended or supplemented, as of
each Representation Date, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; the Registration Statement did not, as of the time of its initial effectiveness, and does not or will not, as then amended or supplemented, as of each
Representation Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; as of each Representation Date, the Prospectus, as then
amended or supplemented, together with all of the then issued Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;<I> provided, however, </I>that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to any statement in or omission from the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or
any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning the Agent and furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Agent expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or such
Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (it being understood that such information consists solely of the information specified in Section&nbsp;9(b)). As used herein, &#147;<B>Time of Sale</B>&#148; means (i)&nbsp;with respect to each offering of Shares
pursuant to this Agreement, the time of the Agent&#146;s initial entry into contracts with investors for the sale of such Shares and (ii)&nbsp;with respect to each offering of Shares pursuant to any relevant Terms Agreement, the time of sale of such
Shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Company has not, directly or indirectly, offered or sold any of the Shares by
means of any &#147;prospectus&#148; (within the meaning of the Act) or used any &#147;prospectus&#148; (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Basic Prospectus. The Company
represents and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Agent, until the termination of this Agreement, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an &#147;issuer free writing
prospectus&#148; (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) or that would otherwise constitute a &#147;free writing prospectus&#148; (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) other than any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus. Any such free writing
prospectus relating to the Shares consented to by the Agent (including any Free Writing Prospectus prepared by the Company solely for use in connection with the offering contemplated by a particular Terms Agreement) is hereinafter referred to as a
&#147;<B>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</B>&#148;. The Company has complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of Rule 433 under the Act applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including timely filing
</P>
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with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. The conditions set forth in one or more of subclauses (i)&nbsp;through (iv), inclusive, of Rule 433(b)(1) under the Act are
satisfied, and the registration statement relating to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby, as initially filed with the Commission, includes a prospectus that, other than by reason of Rule 433 under the Act, satisfies the requirements of
Section&nbsp;10 of the Act; the Company is not disqualified, by reason of Rule 164(f) or (g)&nbsp;under the Act, from using, in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares, &#147;free writing prospectuses&#148; (as defined in Rule 405 under the
Act) pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; the Company was not as of each eligibility determination date for purposes of Rules 164 and 433 under the Act with respect to the offering of the Shares contemplated by the Registration Statement and
this Agreement and is not an &#147;ineligible issuer&#148; (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act). The Company has paid or, no later than the business day after the date of this Agreement, will pay the registration fee for the offering of the
Maximum Amount of Shares pursuant to Rules 456 and 457 under the Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the
Commission (or, if any amendment with respect to any such document was filed, when such amendment was filed), conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of such documents contained
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and any further
documents so filed during the Term and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, when such documents become effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will
conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) The financial statements of the Company
and its subsidiaries and the related notes thereto included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the
Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations and the changes in their cash
flows for the periods specified; the financial statements of any other business or entity and its consolidated subsidiaries (if any) and the related notes thereto included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or
any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly in all material respects the consolidated (if applicable) financial position of
such entity or business, as the case may be, and its subsidiaries (if any) as of the dates indicated and the results of its or their, as the case may be, operations and the changes in its or their, as the case may be, cash flows for the periods
specified; and all such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (&#147;<B>GAAP</B>&#148;) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby, and all supporting schedules
to such financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly present in all material respects the information required to be stated therein. Any pro forma financial statements and related notes included or
incorporated by reference in the Registration </P>
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Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, present fairly
in all material respects the information shown therein, have been prepared in accordance with the Commission&#146;s rules and guidelines with respect to pro forma financial statements and have been properly compiled on the bases described therein,
and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, (i)&nbsp;there has not been any material change in the capital stock (other than the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options issued under, and the grant of options and awards
under, equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the issuance of Shares pursuant to this Agreement) or short-term debt or long-term debt (except for borrowings and the repayment of borrowings in the ordinary
course of business) of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock (other than regularly scheduled cash dividends in
amounts that are consistent with past practice), or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders&#146; equity,
results of operations or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; (ii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any transaction or agreement (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) that
is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; and (iii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has sustained any loss or interference with its business that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole and that is either from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or
from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) The Company and its subsidiaries have been duly organized and are validly existing and in good standing under the laws of their respective
jurisdictions of organization, are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing in each jurisdiction in which their respective ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective businesses requires such qualification, and
have all power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders&#146; equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or on
the performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement (a &#147;<B>Material Adverse Effect</B>&#148;). The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity
other than the subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21 to the Company&#146;s most recent Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus; all the outstanding shares </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">10 </P>

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of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable</FONT> and were not issued in violation of
any preemptive or similar rights; except as described in or expressly contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">pre-emptive</FONT> or similar rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
nor any contracts, commitments, agreements, understandings or arrangements of any kind relating to the issuance of any capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any such subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or
any such rights, warrants or options; and the capital stock of the Company and the Company&#146;s charter and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws</FONT> conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained in the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each subsidiary owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company have been duly and validly authorized and
issued, are fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable</FONT> and are (except, in the case of any foreign subsidiary, for directors&#146; qualifying shares), owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any
lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h) With respect to
the stock options (the &#147;<B>Stock Options</B>&#148;) granted pursuant to the stock-based compensation plans of the Company and its subsidiaries (the &#147;<B>Company Stock Plan</B>s&#148;), (i) each Stock Option intended to qualify as an
&#147;incentive stock option&#148; under Section&nbsp;422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &#147;<B>Code</B>&#148;), so qualifies, (ii)&nbsp;each grant of a Stock Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the
grant of such Stock Option was by its terms to be effective (the &#147;<B>Grant Date</B>&#148;) by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board of directors of the Company (or a duly constituted and authorized
committee thereof) and any required stockholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and the award agreement governing such grant (if any) was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto, (iii)&nbsp;each such grant
was made in all material respects in accordance with the terms of the Company Stock Plans, the Exchange Act and all other applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including the rules of the Exchange and any other exchange on which
Company securities are traded, and (iv)&nbsp;each such grant was properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and disclosed in the Company&#146;s filings with the Commission
in accordance with the Exchange Act and all other applicable laws. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no policy or practice of the Company of granting, Stock Options prior to, or otherwise coordinating the grant of
Stock Options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its subsidiaries or their results of operations or prospects. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and any Terms Agreement will have been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by the Company. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(j) The Shares to be issued and sold by the Company hereunder or under any Terms Agreement have
been duly authorized by the Company and, when issued and delivered and paid for as provided herein or in any Terms Agreement, as the case may be, will be duly and validly </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">11 </P>

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issued, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will conform to the description thereof in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; and the issuance
and sale of the Shares are not and will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(k) The Company has full right, power and
authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and any Terms Agreement and perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder, including the Company&#146;s issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares as provided herein and therein; and all action
required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery by each of the Company of this Agreement and any Terms Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby has been duly and
validly taken (or, in the case of any Terms Agreement, such action will have been duly and validly authorized). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(l) This Agreement
conforms and each Terms Agreement will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(m) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (i)&nbsp;in violation of its charter or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws</FONT>
or other Organizational Documents (as defined below); (ii)&nbsp;in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or
condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of
the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject; or (iii)&nbsp;in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in
the case of clauses (ii)&nbsp;and (iii) above, for any such default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. As used herein, the term &#147;<B>Organizational Documents</B>&#148; means,
(i)&nbsp;with respect to a corporation, its charter and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws,</FONT> (ii)&nbsp;with respect to a limited or general partnership, its partnership agreement and certificate of partnership (or similar document),
(iii) with respect to a limited liability company, its limited liability company agreement and certificate of limited liability company (or similar document), and (iv)&nbsp;with respect to any other entity, its similar organizational documents. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(n) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and any Terms Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares, the
compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and of any Terms Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or by any Terms Agreement will not (i)&nbsp;conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms
or provisions of, or constitute a default under, result in the termination, modification or acceleration of, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property, right or assets of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any
of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, (ii)&nbsp;result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">by-laws</FONT> or other Organizational Documents of the Company or
any of its subsidiaries </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">12 </P>

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or (iii)&nbsp;result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of
clauses (i)&nbsp;and (iii) above, for any such conflict, breach, violation, default, lien, charge or encumbrance that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(o) No consent, filing, approval, authorization, order, license, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or
governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares, compliance by the Company with the terms of this Agreement or
of any Terms Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, except as have been made or obtained, except as may be required by and made in accordance with or obtained under state securities
laws or regulations, and except for such filings of Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses and any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein
as may be required by the Act or the Exchange Act from time to time, and except for such filings as the Exchange may require from time to time. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(p) Except as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory investigations,
actions, demands, claims, suits, arbitrations, inquiries or proceedings (&#147;<B>Actions</B>&#148;) pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is or may be a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is
or may be the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; no such Actions are threatened or, to the knowledge of
the Company, contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others; and (i)&nbsp;there are no current or pending Actions that are required under the Act or the Exchange Act to be described in the Registration Statement or
the Prospectus or any document incorporated by reference therein that are not so described as required and (ii)&nbsp;there are no statutes, regulations or contracts or other documents that are required under the Act or the Exchange Act to be filed
as exhibits to the Registration Statement or any document incorporated by reference therein or described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any document incorporated by reference therein that are not so filed as exhibits or so
described as required. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(q) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its
consolidated subsidiaries is included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries within the applicable rules and
regulations adopted by the Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&#147;<B>PCAOB</B>&#148;) and as required by the Act. Each other independent registered public accounting firm, if any, that has certified or reported on any
other financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its
subsidiaries or other appropriate entity, as applicable, within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the PCAOB and as required by the Act. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">13 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(r) (i)&nbsp;The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple
(in the case of real property) to, or have valid and marketable rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real and personal property and assets that are material to the respective businesses of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case
free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, claims and defects and imperfections of title except those that (i)&nbsp;do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries and
(ii)&nbsp;could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(s) The Company and its
subsidiaries own, or possess valid and enforceable licensed rights to use, all material patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, trade dress, designs, data, database
rights,&nbsp;Internet domain names, copyrights, works of authorship, licenses, proprietary information and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">know-how</FONT> (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential
information, systems or procedures) necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as currently conducted and as proposed to be conducted (collectively, &#147;<B>Intellectual Property</B>&#148;), and, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, the
conduct of their respective businesses does not and will not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise conflict with any such rights of others. The Intellectual Property of the Company has not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be
invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such adjudication. The Company and its subsidiaries have not received any notice of any claim of infringement,
misappropriation with any intellectual property rights of another, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such notice or claim. To the Company&#146;s knowledge: (i)&nbsp;there are no third parties who
have rights to any Intellectual Property, except for customary reversionary rights of third-party licensors with respect to Intellectual Property that is disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus (&#147;<B>Disclosure Documents</B>&#148;) as owned by or licensed to the Company or its subsidiaries; and (ii)&nbsp;there is no infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there is no pending or, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others: (A)&nbsp;challenging the Company&#146;s rights in or to any Intellectual
Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (B)&nbsp;challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware
of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; or (C)&nbsp;asserting that the Company or its subsidiaries infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate, or would, upon the commercialization of any
product or service described in the Disclosure Documents as under development, infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate, any intellectual property rights of others, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis
for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim. The Company and its subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or its subsidiaries, and all such agreements are
in full force and effect. To the Company&#146;s knowledge, there are no material defects in any of the patents or patent applications included in the Intellectual Property. The Company and its subsidiaries have taken all reasonable steps to protect,
maintain and safeguard their Intellectual Property, including the execution of appropriate nondisclosure, confidentiality agreements and invention assignment agreements and invention </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">14 </P>

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assignments with their employees, and to the Company&#146;s knowledge, no employee of the Company is in or has been in violation of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure
agreement, invention assignment agreement, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-competition</FONT> agreement, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-solicitation</FONT> agreement, nondisclosure agreement, or any restrictive covenant to or with a
former employer where the basis of such violation relates to such employee&#146;s employment with the Company. To the Company&#146;s knowledge, the duty of candor and good faith as required by the United States Patent and Trademark Office during the
prosecution of the United States patents and patent applications included in the Intellectual Property have been complied with; and in all foreign offices having similar requirements, all such requirements have been complied with. The Company has
taken all reasonable steps to protect, maintain and safeguard the Intellectual Property, including payment of applicable maintenance fees. The Company owned Intellectual Property is wholly owned by the Company and is free and clear of all material
liens, security interests, or encumbrances. None of the Company owned Intellectual Property or technology (including information technology and outsourced arrangements) employed by the Company or its subsidiaries has been obtained or is being used
by the Company or its subsidiary in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or its subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors or employees or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(t) The Company and its subsidiaries have taken reasonable and customary actions to protect their rights in and prevent the unauthorized use
and disclosure of material trade secrets and confidential business information (including material confidential source code, ideas, research and development information, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">know-how,</FONT> formulas, compositions,
technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, research records, records of inventions, test information, financial, marketing and business data, customer and supplier lists and information, pricing and cost information, business and marketing
plans and proposals) owned by the Company and its subsidiaries, and, to the knowledge of the Company, there has been no unauthorized use or disclosure. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(u) Except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (i)&nbsp;the computers, software, servers, networks, data
communications lines, and other information technology systems owned, licensed, leased or otherwise used by the Company or its subsidiaries (excluding any public networks) (collectively, the &#147;<B>IT Assets</B>&#148;) operate and perform as is
necessary for the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted and as proposed to be conducted as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, and
(ii)&nbsp;such IT Assets are not infected by viruses, disabling code or other harmful code. The Company and its subsidiaries have at all times implemented and maintained all reasonably necessary controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards to
maintain and protect their confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Assets and data (including all Personal Data (defined below) sensitive, confidential or regulated data
(&#147;<B>Confidential Data</B>&#148;) used in connection with their businesses, and there have been no breaches, violations, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to same, except for those that have been remedied without material cost or
liability or the duty to notify any other person, nor any incidents under internal review or investigations relating to the same. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v) The
Company and its subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable state, federal, and international data privacy and data </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">15 </P>

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security laws and regulations, including without limitation HIPAA and the HITECH Act, and the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (&#147;<B>GDPR</B>&#148;) (EU 2016/679), and the
Company and its subsidiaries are currently or have taken commercially reasonable actions to prepare to comply with the California Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (&#147;<B>CCPA</B>&#148;) (collectively, the &#147;<B>Privacy Laws</B>&#148;). To
address compliance with the Privacy Laws, the Company and its subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take commercially reasonable steps designed to achieve compliance in all material respects with their policies and procedures relating to data
privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling, and transfer of Personal Data (the &#147;<B>Policies</B>&#148;). &#147;<B>Personal Data</B>&#148; means (i)&nbsp;a natural person&#146;s name, street address, telephone
number, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">e-mail</FONT> address, photograph, social security number or tax identification number, driver&#146;s license number, passport number, credit card number, bank information, or customer or account number;
(ii)&nbsp;any information which would qualify as &#147;personally identifying information&#148; under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii)&nbsp;Protected Health Information as defined by the Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996 (&#147;<B>HIPAA</B>&#148;); (iv)&nbsp;&#147;personal data&#148; as defined by GDPR; and (v)&nbsp;any other piece of information that identifies such natural person. At all times, the Company and its subsidiaries have made
all disclosures to users or customers required by applicable Privacy Laws and regulatory rules&nbsp;or requirements, and none of such disclosures made or contained in any Policy have been inaccurate or in violation of any applicable laws and
regulatory rules&nbsp;or requirements in any material respect. The Company further certifies that (a)&nbsp;neither it nor any subsidiary at any time: (i)&nbsp;has received receive written notice of any actual or potential liability, including, but
not limited to security or data privacy breaches or other unauthorized or improper access to, use of, or destruction of its Personal Data owned or controlled by the Company or its subsidiaries, under or relating to, or actual or potential violation
of, any of the Privacy Laws, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice; (ii)&nbsp;other than pursuant to its ongoing compliance efforts in the ordinary course of business, is
currently conducting, subject to, or paying, in whole or in part, any material investigation, remediation, or other corrective action resulting from the Company&#146;s or its subsidiaries&#146; <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-compliance</FONT>
with any Privacy Law; or (iii)&nbsp;is a party to any order, decree, settlement agreement, or judgment from a governmental entity that imposes any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law; and (b)&nbsp;it is not aware of any specific events
rendering any of the foregoing reasonably likely to occur. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(w) There is no complaint to or audit, proceeding, investigation (formal or
informal) or claim currently pending against the Company or its subsidiaries, or to the knowledge of the Company, any of its customers (specific to the customer&#146;s use of the products or services of the Company) by any state Attorney General or
related office, the Federal Trade Commission, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and any office contained therein (&#147;<B>HHS</B>&#148;), or any similar authority in any jurisdiction other than the United States or any other
governmental entity, or by any person in respect of the collection, use or disclosure of Personal Data by the Company or its subsidiaries, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no such complaint, audit, proceeding, investigation or claim is
threatened. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(x) The Company: (A)&nbsp;is and at all times has been in material compliance with all statutes, rules&nbsp;or regulations of
the FDA and other comparable governmental entities applicable to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling, promotion, sale, offer for sale, storage, import, export or disposal of
any </P>
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product under development, manufactured or distributed by the Company (&#147;<B>Applicable Laws</B>&#148;); (B)&nbsp;has not received any FDA Form&nbsp;483, notice of adverse finding, warning
letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or notice from the FDA or any governmental entity alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, exemptions, authorizations, permits
and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such Applicable Laws (&#147;<B>Authorizations</B>&#148;); (C)&nbsp;possesses all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and the Company is not in
violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (D)&nbsp;has not received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from the FDA or any governmental entity or third
party alleging that any product operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and has no knowledge that the FDA or any governmental entity or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration,
action, suit, investigation or proceeding; (E)&nbsp;has not received written notice that the FDA or any governmental entity has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any material Authorizations and has no
knowledge that the FDA or any governmental entity is considering such action; and (F)&nbsp;has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or
amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were materially complete and correct on the date filed (or
were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(y) The studies, tests and preclinical and clinical trials conducted by or on
behalf of the Company, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, were and, if still ongoing, are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to accepted professional scientific
standards and all Authorizations and Applicable Laws, including, without limitation, the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and the rules&nbsp;and regulations promulgated thereunder and current Good Clinical Practices and Good Laboratory Practices
and any applicable rules, regulations and policies of the jurisdiction in which such trials and studies are being conducted; the descriptions of the results of such studies, tests and trials contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus are, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, accurate and complete and fairly present the data derived from such studies, tests and trials; except to the extent disclosed in the Registration Statement, the
Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any studies, tests or trials, the results of which the Company believes reasonably call into question the study, test, or trial results described or referred to in the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, when viewed in the context in which such results are described and the clinical state of development; and, except to the extent disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Company has not received any notices or correspondence from the FDA or any governmental entity requiring the termination or suspension of any studies, tests or preclinical or
clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the Company, other than ordinary course communications with respect to modifications in connection with the design and implementation of such trials, copies of which communications have been made
available to you. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(z) The Company and its subsidiaries, and, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, their respective officers, directors,
employees and agents, are, and at all times have been, in </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">17 </P>

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compliance in all material respects with all Health Care Laws. For purposes of this Agreement, &#147;<B>Health Care Laws</B>&#148; means: (i)&nbsp;the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the
regulations promulgated thereunder; (ii)&nbsp;all applicable federal, state, local and foreign health care fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the U.S. Anti-Kickback Statute (42 U.S.C.
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;1320a-7b(b)),</FONT> the U.S. Civil False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. Section&nbsp;3729 et seq.), the criminal False Statements Law (42 U.S.C. <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;1320a-7b(a)),</FONT>
18 U.S.C. Sections 286, 287, 1035 and 1349, the health care fraud criminal provisions under HIPAA, the civil monetary penalties law (42 U.S.C. <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;1320a-7a),</FONT> the exclusions law (42 U.S.C. <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;1320a-7),</FONT> the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (42 U.S.C <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;1320-7h),</FONT> and the laws governing U.S. government funded or sponsored healthcare programs; and
(iii)&nbsp;similar local, state, federal, national, supranational and foreign laws the directives and regulations promulgated pursuant to such statutes and any state or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-U.S.</FONT> counterpart thereof. Neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority or
third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in violation of any Health Care Laws nor, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, is any such claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action
threatened. The Company, and to the Company&#146;s knowledge, its subsidiaries, have filed, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required
by any Health Care Laws, and all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete and accurate on the date filed in all material respects (or were corrected or
supplemented by a subsequent submission). Neither the Company, any of its subsidiaries, nor, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, any of their respective employees, officers, directors, or agents is a party to any corporate integrity agreements,
monitoring agreements, consent decrees, settlement orders, or similar agreements with or imposed by any governmental or regulatory authority. Additionally, neither the Company, any of its subsidiaries nor any of their respective employees, officers,
directors, or agents has been excluded, suspended or debarred from participation in any U.S. federal health care program or human clinical research or, to the knowledge of the Company, is subject to a governmental inquiry, investigation, proceeding,
or other similar action that could reasonably be expected to result in debarment, suspension, or exclusion. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(aa) No relationship, direct
or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers, suppliers or other affiliates of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the other, that is
required by the Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and that is not so described in such documents and in any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(bb) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the net proceeds thereof as
described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, will not be required to register as an &#147;investment company&#148; within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the
rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the &#147;<B>Investment Company Act</B>&#148;) or an entity &#147;controlled&#148; by an &#147;investment company&#148; within the meaning of the Investment Company Act. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">18 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(cc) The Company and its subsidiaries have paid all federal, state, local and foreign taxes
and filed all tax returns required to be paid or filed; and except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there is no tax deficiency that has been, or could reasonably be
expected to be, asserted against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(dd) The Company
and its subsidiaries possess all licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are
necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, except where the failure to
possess or make the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received notice of any revocation or modification of any such license, certificate, permit
or authorization or has any reason to believe that any such license, certificate, permit or authorization will not be renewed in the ordinary course. To the Company&#146;s knowledge, no party granting any such licenses, certificates, permits and
other authorizations has taken any action to limit, suspend or revoke the same in any material respect. The Company and its subsidiaries have filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications,
records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were materially complete and correct on the date
filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission) as required for maintenance of their licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations that are necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ee) No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is
contemplated or threatened, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by, or dispute with, the employees of any of its or its subsidiaries&#146; principal suppliers, contractors or customers, except as would not have
a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of cancellation or termination with respect to any collective bargaining agreement to which it is a party. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ff) (i) The Company and its subsidiaries (a)&nbsp;are, and, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, at all prior times were, in compliance with all,
and have not violated any, applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws (including common law), rules, regulations, requirements, decisions, judgments, decrees, orders and other legally enforceable requirements relating to pollution or the
protection of the environment, natural resources or human health or safety, including those relating to the generation, storage, treatment, use, handling, transportation, Release (as defined below) or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials (as
defined below) (collectively, &#147;<B>Environmental Laws</B>&#148;), (b)&nbsp;have received and are in compliance with all, and have not violated any, permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations or approvals required of them under any
Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses, (c)&nbsp;have not received notice of any actual or potential liability or obligation under or relating to, or any actual or potential violation of, any Environmental Laws, including for the
investigation or remediation of any Release or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials, and have no knowledge of any event or </P>
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condition that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice, (d)&nbsp;are not conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any investigation, remediation or other corrective action
pursuant to any Environmental Law at any location, and (e)&nbsp;are not a party to any order, decree or agreement that imposes any obligation or liability under any Environmental Law, and (ii)&nbsp;there are no costs or liabilities associated with
Environmental Laws of or relating to the Company or its subsidiaries, except in the case of each of (i)&nbsp;and (ii) above, for any such matters, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect; and (iii)&nbsp;(a) there are no proceedings that are pending, or that are known to be contemplated, against the Company or any of its subsidiaries under any Environmental Laws in which a governmental entity is also a party, other than such
proceedings regarding which it is reasonably believed no monetary sanctions of $100,000 or more will be imposed, (b)&nbsp;the Company and its subsidiaries are not aware of any facts or issues regarding compliance with Environmental Laws, or
liabilities or other obligations under Environmental Laws, including the Release or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials, that could reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position
of the Company and its subsidiaries, and (c)&nbsp;none of the Company and its subsidiaries anticipates material capital expenditures relating to any Environmental Laws. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(gg) There has been no storage, generation, transportation, use, handling, treatment, Release or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials by,
relating to or caused by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (or, to the knowledge of the Company and its subsidiaries, any other entity (including any predecessor) for whose acts or omissions the Company or any of its subsidiaries is or could
reasonably be expected to be liable) at, on, under or from any property or facility now or previously owned, operated or leased by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or at, on, under or from any other property or facility, in violation of any
Environmental Laws or in a manner or amount or to a location that could reasonably be expected to result in any liability under any Environmental Law, except for any violation or liability which would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. &#147;<B>Hazardous Materials</B>&#148; means any material, chemical, substance, waste, pollutant, contaminant, compound, mixture, or constituent thereof, in any form or amount, including
petroleum (including crude oil or any fraction thereof) and petroleum products, natural gas liquids, asbestos and asbestos containing materials, naturally occurring radioactive materials, brine, and drilling mud, regulated or which can give rise to
liability under any Environmental Law. &#147;<B>Release</B>&#148; means any spilling, leaking, seepage, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, disposing, depositing, dispersing, or migrating in,
into or through the environment, or in, into from or through any building or structure. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(hh) (i) Each employee benefit plan, within the
meaning of Section&nbsp;3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (&#147;<B>ERISA</B>&#148;), for which the Company or any member of its &#147;<B>Controlled Group</B>&#148; (defined as any organization which is a member
of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section&nbsp;414 of the Code) would have any liability (each, a &#147;<B>Plan</B>&#148;) has been maintained in compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes,
orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Code, except for noncompliance that could not reasonably be expected to result in material liability to the Company or its subsidiaries; (ii)&nbsp;no prohibited transaction,
within the meaning of Section&nbsp;406 of ERISA or Section&nbsp;4975 of the Code, has occurred with respect to any Plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">20 </P>

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exemption that could reasonably be expected to result in a liability to the Company or its subsidiaries; (iii)&nbsp;for each Plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section&nbsp;412 of the
Code or Section&nbsp;302 of ERISA, the minimum funding standard of Section&nbsp;412 of the Code or Section&nbsp;302 of ERISA, as applicable, has been satisfied (without taking into account any waiver thereof or extension of any amortization period)
and is reasonably expected to be satisfied in the future (without taking into account any waiver thereof or extension of any amortization period); (iv) the fair market value of the assets of each Plan exceeds the present value of all benefits
accrued under such Plan (determined based on those assumptions used to fund such Plan); (v) no &#147;reportable event&#148; (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;4043(c) of ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur that either has
resulted, or could reasonably be expected to result, in liability to the Company or its subsidiaries; (vi)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any member of the Controlled Group has incurred, nor reasonably expects to incur, any liability under Title IV of
ERISA (other than contributions to the Plan or premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (&#147;<B>PBGC</B>&#148;), in the ordinary course and without default) in respect of a Plan (including a &#147;multiemployer plan&#148;, within the
meaning of Section&nbsp;4001(a)(3) of ERISA); and (vii)&nbsp;there is no pending audit or investigation by the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Department of Labor, the PBGC or any other governmental agency or any foreign regulatory agency with
respect to any Plan that could reasonably be expected to result in liability to the Company or its subsidiaries. None of the following events has occurred or is reasonably likely to occur: (x)&nbsp;an increase in the aggregate amount of
contributions required to be made to all Plans by the Company or its subsidiaries in the current fiscal year of the Company and its subsidiaries compared to the amount of such contributions made in the Company and its subsidiaries&#146; most
recently completed fiscal year; or (y)&nbsp;an increase in the Company and its subsidiaries&#146; &#147;accumulated post-retirement benefit obligations&#148; (within the meaning of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 106) compared to the
amount of such obligations in the Company and its subsidiaries&#146; most recently completed fiscal year, except in each case with respect to the events or conditions set forth in (i)&nbsp;through (vii) hereof, as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) The Company and its subsidiaries maintain an effective system of &#147;disclosure controls
and procedures&#148; (as defined in Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13a-15(e)</FONT> of the Exchange Act) that is designed to comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and that has been designed to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission&#146;s rules and forms, including controls and procedures
designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company&#146;s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company and its subsidiaries have carried out evaluations of the
effectiveness of their disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13a-15</FONT> of the Exchange Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(jj) The Company and its subsidiaries maintain systems of &#147;internal control over financial reporting&#148; (as defined in Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13a-15(f)</FONT> of the Exchange Act) that are designed to comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal
financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but
not limited to, internal accounting controls sufficient to </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">21 </P>

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provide reasonable assurance that (i)&nbsp;transactions are executed in accordance with management&#146;s general or specific authorizations; (ii)&nbsp;transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability; (iii)&nbsp;access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&#146;s general or specific
authorization; (iv)&nbsp;the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences and (v)&nbsp;interactive data in eXtensible Business
Reporting Language (&#147;<B>XBRL Data</B>&#148;) included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and is prepared in accordance with the Commission&#146;s rules
and guidelines applicable thereto. Based on the Company&#146;s most recent evaluation of its internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13a-15(c)</FONT> of the Exchange Act, there are no material
weaknesses in the Company&#146;s internal control over financial reporting. The Company&#146;s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i)&nbsp;all significant deficiencies and material
weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which have adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company&#146;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and (ii)&nbsp;any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company&#146;s internal controls over financial reporting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(kk) The Registration Statement and the documents incorporated by reference therein include and incorporate by reference all XBRL Data required
to be included therein; and the XBRL Data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the documents incorporated by reference therein fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been
prepared in accordance with the Commission&#146;s rules and guidelines applicable thereto. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ll) The Company and its subsidiaries have
insurance covering their respective properties, operations, personnel and businesses, including business interruption insurance, which insurance is in amounts and insures against such losses and risks as the Company reasonably believes are adequate
to protect the Company and its subsidiaries and their respective businesses; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has (i)&nbsp;received notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that capital improvements or other expenditures
are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance or (ii)&nbsp;any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage at
reasonable cost from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(mm) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries
nor any director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any agent, affiliate or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has
(i)&nbsp;used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii)&nbsp;made or taken an act in furtherance of an offer, promise or authorization of any direct or
indirect unlawful payment or benefit to any foreign or domestic government or regulatory official or employee, including of any government-owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official
capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">22 </P>

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party official or candidate for political office; (iii)&nbsp;violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any applicable law or
regulation implementing the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, or committed an offence under the Bribery Act 2010 of the United Kingdom or any other applicable anti-bribery or
anti-corruption laws; or (iv)&nbsp;made, offered, agreed, requested or taken an act in furtherance of any unlawful bribe or other unlawful benefit, including, without limitation, any rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful or
improper payment or benefit. The Company and its subsidiaries have instituted, maintained and enforced, and will continue to maintain and enforce policies and procedures designed to promote and ensure compliance with all applicable anti-bribery and
anti-corruption laws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(nn) The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with
applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the applicable money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions where the Company or any of its
subsidiaries conducts business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines issued, administered or enforced by any governmental or regulatory agency (collectively, the &#147;Anti-Money Laundering
Laws&#148;) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental or regulatory agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending
or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(oo) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries, directors, officers, or employees,
nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any agent, affiliate or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently the subject or the target of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S.
government, (including, without limitation, the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (&#147;OFAC&#148;) or the U.S. Department of State and including, without limitation, the designation as a &#147;specially
designated national&#148; or &#147;blocked person&#148;), the United Nations Security Council (&#147;UNSC&#148;), the European Union, His Majesty&#146;s Treasury (&#147;HMT&#148;) or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively,
&#147;Sanctions&#148;), nor is the Company, any of its subsidiaries located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject or target of Sanctions, including, without limitation, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, the <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">so-called</FONT> Donetsk People&#146;s Republic, the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">so-called</FONT> Luhansk People&#146;s Republic, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Syria (each, a &#147;Sanctioned Country&#148;); and the
Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Shares hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity (i)&nbsp;to fund or
facilitate any activities of or business with any person that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject or target of Sanctions, (ii)&nbsp;to fund or facilitate any activities of or business in any Sanctioned Country or
(iii)&nbsp;in any other manner that will result in a violation by any person (including any person participating in the transaction, whether as agent, underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise) of Sanctions. Since the Company&#146;s inception, the
Company and its subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in and are not now knowingly engaged in any dealings or transactions with any person that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject or the target of Sanctions or with any
Sanctioned Country. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">23 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(pp) No subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, under any
agreement or other instrument to which it is a party or is subject, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on such subsidiary&#146;s capital stock, or similar ownership interest, from repaying to the Company any
loans or advances to such subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such subsidiary&#146;s properties or assets to the Company or any other subsidiary of the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(qq) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any person (other than this
Agreement or any Terms Agreement) that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or the Agent for a brokerage commission, finder&#146;s fee or like payment in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(rr) No person has the right to require the Company or any of its subsidiaries to register any securities for sale under the Act by reason
of the filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission or the offering, issuance or sale of the Shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ss) Neither the Company
nor any subsidiary or, to the knowledge of the Company, affiliate of the Company has taken nor will the Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which has constituted or
which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(tt) The application of the proceeds received by the Company from the issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares as described in the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus will not violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(uu) There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the Company&#146;s directors or
officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with any provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith (the &#147;<B>Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B>&#148;), including Section&nbsp;402 related
to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vv) No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;27A of
the Act and Section&nbsp;21E of the Exchange Act) contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been
disclosed other than in good faith. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ww) Nothing has come to the attention of the Company that has caused the Company to believe that the
statistical and market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus is not based on or derived from sources that are reliable and accurate in all material
respects. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(xx) All of the Shares that have been or may be sold under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been approved for
listing, subject only to official notice of issuance, on the Exchange. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">24 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(yy) The Common Stock is an &#147;actively-traded security&#148; excepted from the
requirements of Rule 101 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act by Rule 101 (c)(1) thereunder. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(zz) (A) There has been no security breach
or incident, unauthorized access or disclosure, or other compromise of or relating to the Company and its subsidiaries&#146; information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications,
technology, data and databases (including the data and information of their respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained, processed or stored by the Company and its subsidiaries, Personal Data (defined
below) and any such data processed or stored by third parties on behalf of the Company and its subsidiaries) collectively, &#147;<B>IT Systems and Data</B>&#148;); (B) The IT Systems and Data are, in all material respects, adequate for, and operate
and perform as required in connection with the operation of the business of the Company and the subsidiaries as currently conducted, free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants; and
(C)&nbsp;The Company and its subsidiaries have implemented and maintained appropriate controls, policies, procedures, and technical safeguards to maintain and protect their material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation,
redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data (including all personal, personally identifiable, sensitive, confidential or regulated data (&#147;<B>Personal Data</B>&#148;)) reasonably consistent with industry standards and practices or as
required by applicable regulatory standards. The Company and its subsidiaries have been and are presently in material compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or
governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or
modification. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(aaa) Any certificate signed by any officer, general partner, managing member or other authorized representative of the
Company or any subsidiary of the Company and delivered to the Agent or to counsel to the Agent pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or any Terms Agreement shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Agent as to
the matters covered thereby. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4. <U>Certain Covenants of the Company.</U> The Company hereby agrees with the Agent: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) For so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any
similar rule) in connection with the offering or sale of Shares, before using or filing any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and before using or filing any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free
Writing Prospectus (in each case, other than due to the filing of an Incorporated Document), to furnish to the Agent a copy of each such proposed Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, amendment or supplement within a reasonable period of time before
filing with the Commission or using any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, amendment or supplement and the Company will not use or file any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Agent
reasonably objects, unless the Company&#146;s legal counsel has advised the Company that use or filing of such document is required by law; and the Company will not use or file any such Permitted Free Writing
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">25 </P>

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Prospectus or proposed, amendment or supplement to which the Agent reasonably objects unless the Company&#146;s legal counsel has advised the Company that use or filing of such document is
required by law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) After the date of this Agreement, the Company shall promptly advise the Agent in writing (i)&nbsp;of the receipt of
any comments of, or requests for additional or supplemental information from, the Commission; (ii)&nbsp;of the time and date of any filing of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or any
amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, any Free Writing Prospectus; (iii)&nbsp;of the time and date that any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement becomes effective; and (iv)&nbsp;of the
issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or of any order
preventing or suspending the use of any Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus, or of any proceedings to remove, suspend or terminate from listing or quotation the Shares from any securities exchange upon which they are listed for trading or
included or designated for quotation, or of the threatening or initiation of any proceedings for any of such purposes. If the Commission shall enter any such stop order at any time, the Company will use its best efforts to obtain the lifting of such
order as soon as practicable. Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rule 424(b) and Rule 433, as applicable, under the Securities Act and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the
Company under such Rule 424(b) or Rule 433 were received in a timely manner by the Commission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) To file the Prospectus, each Prospectus
Supplement and any other amendments or supplements to the Prospectus pursuant to, and within the time period required by, Rule 424(b) under the Act (without reference to Rule 424(b)(8)) and to file any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to the extent
required by Rule 433 under the Act and to provide copies of the Prospectus, each Prospectus Supplement, any other amendments or supplements to the Prospectus and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent not previously delivered or filed
on the Commission&#146;s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system or any successor system thereto (collectively, &#147;<B>EDGAR</B>&#148;)) to the Agent via <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">e-mail</FONT> in &#147;.pdf&#148; format on
such filing date to an <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">e-mail</FONT> account designated by the Agent and, at the Agent&#146;s request, to also furnish copies of the Prospectus, each Prospectus Supplement, any other amendments or supplements to the
Prospectus and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) To file timely all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission
pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with the offering or
sale of the Shares, and during such same period to advise the Agent, promptly after the Company receives notice thereof, (i)&nbsp;of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or has become effective or any supplement
to the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or any amended Prospectus has been filed with the Commission; (ii)&nbsp;of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or any order </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">26 </P>

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preventing or suspending the use of any prospectus relating to the Shares or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose, pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A of the Act;
(iii)&nbsp;of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose; (iv)&nbsp;of any request by the Commission for the amendment of the
Registration Statement or the amendment or supplementation of the Prospectus (in each case including any documents incorporated by reference therein) or for additional information; (v)&nbsp;of the occurrence of any event as a result of which the
Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as then amended or supplemented includes any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus or any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading; and (vii)&nbsp;of the receipt by the Company of any notice of objection of the
Commission to the use of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) In the event of the issuance of any such
stop order or of any such order preventing or suspending the use of any such prospectus or suspending any such qualification, to use promptly its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain its withdrawal. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) To furnish such information as may be required and otherwise cooperate in qualifying the Shares for offering and sale under the securities
or blue sky laws of such states or other jurisdictions as the Agent may reasonably designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Shares; provided that the Company shall not be required to
qualify as a foreign corporation, become a dealer of securities, or become subject to taxation in, or to consent to the service of process under the laws of, any such state or other jurisdictions (except service of process with respect to the
offering and sale of the Shares); and to promptly advise the Agent of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation of any proceeding
for such purpose. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) To make available to the Agent at its offices in New York City, without charge, as soon as reasonably practicable
after the Registration Statement becomes effective, and thereafter from time to time to furnish to the Agent, as many copies of the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement (or of the Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement as amended or supplemented if
the Company shall have made any amendments or supplements thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein after the effective date of the Registration Statement) and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as the Agent may reasonably request
for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule); provided, however, that the Company shall have no obligation to provide the Agent with any document
filed on EDGAR; and for so long as this Agreement is in effect, the Company will prepare and file promptly such amendment or amendments to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as may be necessary to
comply with the requirements of Section&nbsp;10(a)(3) of the Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h) To furnish or make available to the Agent during the Term
(i)&nbsp;copies of any reports or other communications which the Company shall send to its stockholders or shall from time to time publish or publicly disseminate and (ii)&nbsp;copies of all annual, quarterly and current
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">27 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
reports filed with the Commission on Forms <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K,</FONT> <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT> and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K,</FONT> or such
other similar form as may be designated by the Commission, and to furnish to the Agent from time to time during the Term such other information as the Agent may reasonably request regarding the Company or its subsidiaries, in each case as soon as
such reports, communications, documents or information becomes available or promptly upon the request of the Agent, as applicable; provided, however, that the Company shall have no obligation to provide the Agent with any document filed on EDGAR or
included on the Company&#146;s Internet website. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) If, at any time during the Term, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a
result of which it is necessary in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Agent or counsel for the Company, to further amend or supplement the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as then amended or supplemented in order that the
Prospectus or any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, in
light of the circumstances existing at the time the Prospectus or any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, or if it shall be necessary, in the reasonable opinion of either such counsel, to amend or supplement the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the Act, in the case of such a determination by counsel to the Company, immediate notice shall be given, and confirmed in
writing, to the Agent to cease the solicitation of offers to purchase the Shares in the Agent&#146;s capacity as agent, and, in either case, the Company will, subject to Section&nbsp;4(a) above, promptly prepare and file with the Commission such
amendment or supplement, whether by filing documents pursuant to the Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, as may be necessary to correct such untrue statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any such Permitted
Free Writing Prospectus comply with such requirements. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(j) To generally make available to its security holders as soon as reasonably
practicable, but not later than 16 months after the first day of each fiscal quarter referred to below, an earnings statement (in form complying with the provisions of Section&nbsp;11(a) under the Act and Rule 158 of the Commission promulgated
thereunder) covering each twelve-month period beginning, in each case, not later than the first day of the Company&#146;s fiscal quarter next following each &#147;effective date&#148; (as defined in such Rule 158) of the Registration Statement with
respect to each sale of Shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(k) To apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the manner described in the Prospectus
Supplement under the caption &#147;Use of Proceeds.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(l) Not to, and to cause its subsidiaries not to, take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or result in, or that constitutes or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares;
<I>provided</I> that nothing herein shall prevent the Company from filing or submitting reports under the Exchange Act or issuing press releases in the ordinary course of business. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(m) Except as otherwise agreed between the Company and the Agent, to pay all costs, expenses, fees and taxes in connection with (i)&nbsp;the
preparation and filing of the Registration </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">28 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, and any amendments or supplements thereto, and the printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Agent and to dealers
(including costs of mailing and shipment), (ii) the registration, issue and delivery of the Shares, (iii)&nbsp;the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such states or other jurisdictions as the
Agent may reasonably designate as aforesaid (including filing fees and the reasonable legal fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent in connection therewith) and the printing and furnishing of copies of any blue sky surveys to the Agent,
(iv)&nbsp;the listing of the Shares on the Exchange and any registration thereof under the Exchange Act, (v)&nbsp;any filing for review, and any review, of the public offering of the Shares by FINRA (including filing fees and the reasonable legal
fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent in connection therewith), (vi) the fees and disbursements of counsel to the Company and of the Company&#146;s independent registered public accounting firm, (vii)&nbsp;the performance of the
Company&#146;s other obligations hereunder and under any Terms Agreement and (viii)&nbsp;the documented <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">out-of-pocket</FONT></FONT> expenses of the Agent, including the reasonable
fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agent in connection with this Agreement and ongoing services in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(n) With respect to the offering(s) contemplated by this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, the Company will not offer shares of Common Stock or
any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of the Common Stock in a manner in violation of the Act or the Exchange Act; and the Company will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offer and sale of
the Shares, other than the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(o) Unless the Company has given written notice to the Agent that the Company has suspended activity under this Agreement and there are no
pending Agency Transactions or Principal Transactions, the Company will not, without (A)&nbsp;giving the Agent at least three Exchange Business Days&#146; prior written notice specifying the nature of the proposed sale and the date of such proposed
sale<B> </B>and (B)&nbsp;the Agent suspending activity under this program for such period of time as requested by the Company or deemed appropriate by the Agent in light of the proposed sale, (i)&nbsp;offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any
option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of the
Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable, redeemable or exchangeable for Common Stock or other equity securities of the Company, or submit to, or file with, the Commission any registration statement under the Act with respect to any
of the foregoing (other than a registration statement on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-8</FONT> or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement), or publicly announce the intention to undertake any of the foregoing, or
(ii)&nbsp;enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of Common Stock or other equity securities of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause
(i)&nbsp;or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of Common Stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A)&nbsp;Shares offered and sold under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement,
(B)&nbsp;securities issued pursuant to any of the Company&#146;s equity incentive plans or employee stock purchase plans described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or upon the exercise of options granted thereunder or (C)&nbsp;the
issuance of shares of Common Stock </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">29 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
issuable upon the exercise of convertible securities outstanding on the date hereof. Any <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">lock-up</FONT> provisions relating to a Principal Transaction shall be
set forth in the applicable Terms Agreement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(p) The Company will, pursuant to reasonable procedures developed in good faith, retain
copies of each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus that is not filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 433 under the Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(q) The
Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed on the Exchange. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(r) The Company consents to the Agent
trading in the Common Stock for the Agent&#146;s own account and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of the Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(s) If immediately prior to the third anniversary (the &#147;<B>Renewal Deadline</B>&#148;) of the initial effective date of the Registration
Statement, the aggregate Gross Sales Price of Shares sold by the Company is less than the Maximum Amount and this Agreement has not expired or been terminated, the Company will, prior to the Renewal Deadline, file, if it has not already done so and
is eligible to do so, file a new shelf registration statement relating to the Shares, in a form satisfactory to the Agent, and will use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within 60 days after the Renewal
Deadline. The Company will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the issuance and sale of the Shares to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Shares. References herein to the Registration
Statement shall include such new automatic shelf registration statement or such new shelf registration statement, as the case may be. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.
<U>Execution of Agreement</U>. The Agent&#146;s obligations under this Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions in connection with and on the date of the execution of this Agreement: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) the Company shall have delivered to the Agent: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">an officers&#146; certificate signed by two officers of the Company (one of whom shall be the Chief Financial
Officer or other senior financial officer) certifying as to the matters set forth in Exhibit B hereto; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">an opinion and, if not covered in such opinion, a negative assurance letter of Baker&nbsp;&amp; Hostetler LLP,
counsel for the Company, addressed to the Agent and dated the date of this Agreement, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">a &#147;comfort&#148; letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, addressed to the Agent and dated the date of this
Agreement, addressing such matters as the Agent may reasonably request; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">30 </P>

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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and its counsel that the Shares have been approved for listing on
the Exchange, subject only to notice of issuance on or before the date hereof; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(v)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">opinion of Seed Intellectual Property Law Group LLP, intellectual property counsel for the Company addressed to
the Agent and dated the date of this Agreement, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vi)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">opinion of Gill Jennings&nbsp;&amp; Every LLP, intellectual property counsel for the Company addressed to the
Agent and dated the date of this Agreement, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">resolutions duly adopted by the Company&#146;s board of directors, and certified by an officer of the Company,
authorizing the Company&#146;s execution of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the issuance and sale of the Shares; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(viii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">such other documents as the Agent shall reasonably request; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) The Agent shall have received a letter or letters, which shall include legal opinions and negative assurance statements, of Cooley LLP,
counsel to the Agent, addressed to the Agent and dated the date of this Agreement, addressing such matters as the Agent may reasonably request. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6. <U>Additional Covenants of the Company</U>. The Company further covenants and agrees with the Agent as follows: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Each Transaction Proposal made by the Company that is accepted by the Agent by means of a Transaction Acceptance and each execution and
delivery by the Company of a Terms Agreement shall be deemed to be (i)&nbsp;an affirmation that the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained and contained in any certificate delivered to the Agent pursuant hereto
are true and correct at such Time of Acceptance or the date of such Terms Agreement, as the case may be, and (ii)&nbsp;an undertaking that such representations, warranties and agreements will be true and correct on any applicable Time of Sale and
Settlement Date, as though made at and as of each such time (it being understood that such representations, warranties and agreements shall relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as amended and
supplemented to the time of such Transaction Acceptance or Terms Agreement, as the case may be). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Each time that (i)&nbsp;the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented (including, except as noted in the proviso at the end of this Section&nbsp;6(b), by the filing of any Incorporated Document), (ii) there
is a Principal Settlement Date pursuant to a Terms Agreement, or (iii)&nbsp;the Agent shall reasonably request (each date referred to clauses (i), (ii) and (iii)&nbsp;above, a &#147;<B>Bring-Down Delivery Date</B>&#148;), the Company shall, unless
the Agent agrees otherwise, furnish or cause to be furnished to the Agent certificates, dated as of such Bring-Down Delivery Date and delivered within one </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">31 </P>

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Exchange Business Day after the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date or, in the case of a Bring-Down Delivery Date resulting from a Principal Settlement Date, delivered on such Principal
Settlement Date, of the same tenor as the certificates referred to in Sections 5(a)(i) hereof, modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the
time of delivery of such certificates and, if requested, a certificate signed by the Company&#146;s Chief Financial Officer, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent, certifying as to certain financial, numerical and statistical data
not covered by the &#147;comfort&#148; letter referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(iii) hereof, or, in lieu of such certificates, certificates to the effect that the statements contained in the certificates referred to in Sections 5(a)(i) hereof and, if
applicable, an updated certificate from the Chief Financial Officer furnished to Agent are true and correct as of such Bring-Down Delivery Date as though made at and as of such date (except that such statements shall be deemed to relate to the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such certificate); <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that the filing of a Current Report on Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> will not constitute a Bring-Down Delivery Date under clause (i)&nbsp;above unless either (A)&nbsp;(x) such Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> is filed at any time during which
either a Transaction Acceptance is binding and the Company has not suspended the use thereof (and prior to the settlement of the Shares specified therein) or a prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act (whether
physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) or such Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> is filed at any time from and including the date of a Terms Agreement through and including
the related Settlement Date and (y)&nbsp;the Agent has reasonably requested that such date be deemed to be a Bring-Down Delivery Date based upon the event or events reported in such Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT>
or (B)&nbsp;such Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> contains capsule financial information, historical or pro forma financial statements, supporting schedules or other financial data, including any Current Report on
Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> or part thereof under Item 2.02 of Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> of the Commission that is considered &#147;filed&#148; under the Exchange Act; and <I>provided, further,</I>
that an amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the offering of other securities pursuant to the Registration Statement will not constitute a Bring-Down Delivery Date. The requirement to provide a
certificate under this Section&nbsp;6(b) shall be automatically waived for any Bring-Down Delivery Date occurring at a time at which no Agency Transactions or Principal Transactions are pending, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur
of the date the Company delivers a Transaction Proposal or executes a Terms Agreement hereunder (which shall be deemed a Bring-Down Delivery Date) and the next occurring Bring-Down Delivery Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company
subsequently decides to sell Shares following a Bring-Down Delivery Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide the Agents with a certificate under this Section&nbsp;6(b), then before the Company delivers the Transaction Proposal
or executes a Terms Agreement or the Agent sells any Shares, the Company shall provide the Agent with such certificate, dated the date such Transaction Proposal is delivered or Terms Agreement is executed. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) Each Bring-Down Delivery Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate pursuant to Section&nbsp;6(b) for
which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall, unless the Agent agrees otherwise, cause to be furnished to Agent (A)&nbsp;the written opinion and, if not included in such opinion, negative assurance letter of Baker&nbsp;&amp; Hostetler LLP,
counsel to the Company, and the written opinion and, if not included in such opinion, negative assurance letter of Cooley LLP, counsel to the Agents,<B> </B>each dated as of the applicable Bring-Down
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">32 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
Delivery Date and delivered within one<B> </B>Exchange Business Day after the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date or, in the case of a Bring-Down Delivery Date resulting from a Principal
Settlement Date, dated and delivered on such Principal Settlement Date, of the same tenor as the opinions and letters referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(ii) or Section&nbsp;5(b) hereof, as applicable, but modified as necessary to relate to the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such opinions and letters, or, in lieu of such opinions and letters, each<B> </B>such counsel shall furnish the
Agent with a letter substantially to the effect that the Agent may rely on the opinion and letter of such counsel referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(ii) or Section&nbsp;5(b), as applicable, furnished to the Agent, to the same extent as though they
were dated the date of such letter authorizing reliance (except that statements in such last opinion and letter of such counsel shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as
amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such letters authorizing reliance). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) Each Bring-Down Delivery Date with respect to
which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate pursuant to Section&nbsp;6(b) for which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall, unless the Agent agrees otherwise, cause PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP<B> </B>to furnish to the Agent a
&#147;comfort&#148; letter, dated as of the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date and delivered within one Exchange Business Day after the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date or, in the case of a Bring-Down Delivery Date resulting from a Principal
Settlement Date, delivered on such Principal Settlement Date, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(iii) hereof, but modified to relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus
as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter, and, if the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall include or incorporate by reference the financial statements of any entity or business (other
than the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries), the Company shall, if requested by the Agent, cause a firm of independent public accountants to furnish to the Agent a &#147;comfort&#148; letter, dated as of the
applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date and delivered within one Exchange Business Day after the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date or, in the case of a Bring-Down Delivery Date resulting from a Principal Settlement Date, delivered on such Principal
Settlement Date, addressing such matters as the Agent may reasonably request<B>. </B> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) (i) No order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose or pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A under the Act shall be pending before or<B> </B>threatened by the Commission; the Prospectus and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus
shall have been timely filed with the Commission under the Act (in the case of a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Act); and all requests by the Commission for additional information shall have been
complied with to the satisfaction of the Agent and no suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes, shall have occurred and be
in effect at the time the Company delivers a Transaction Proposal to the Agent or the time the Agent delivers a Transaction Acceptance to the Company; and (ii)&nbsp;the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus
shall not contain an untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading at the
time the Company delivers a Transaction Proposal to the Agent or the time the Agent delivers a Transaction Acceptance to the Company. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">33 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) The Company shall reasonably cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review
requested by the Agent or its counsel from time to time in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or any Terms Agreement, including, without limitation, (i)&nbsp;at the commencement of each intended Purchase Date and any Time of Sale
or Settlement Date, providing information and making available appropriate documents and appropriate corporate officers of the Company and, upon reasonable request, representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (and, if the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus or any Permitted Free-Writing Prospectus shall include or incorporate by reference the financial statements of any entity or business (other than the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries),
representatives of the independent public accountants that audited or reviewed such financial statements) for an update on diligence matters with representatives of the Agent and (ii)&nbsp;at each Bring-Down Delivery Date and otherwise as the Agent
may reasonably request, providing information and making available documents and appropriate corporate officers of the Company and representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (and, if the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted
Free-Writing Prospectus shall include or incorporate by reference the financial statements of any entity or business (other than the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries), representatives of the independent public
accountants that audited or reviewed such financial statements) for one or more due diligence sessions with representatives of the Agent and its counsel. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) The Company shall disclose, in its quarterly reports on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT> and in its annual report on Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> and, if requested by the Agent, in supplements to the Prospectus to be filed by the Company with the Commission from time to time, the number of the Shares sold through the Agent under this Agreement and any
Terms Agreement, and the gross and net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Shares and the compensation paid by the Company with respect to sales of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant quarter or, in the case of any
such prospectus supplement, such shorter period as the Agent may reasonably request or, in the case of an Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K,</FONT> during the fiscal year covered by such Annual Report and the fourth quarter
of such fiscal year. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">All opinions, letters and other documents referred to in Sections 6(b) through (d)&nbsp;above shall be reasonably
satisfactory in form and substance to the Agent. The Agent will provide the Company with such notice (which may be oral, and in such case, will be confirmed via <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">e-mail</FONT> as soon as reasonably practicable
thereafter) as is reasonably practicable under the circumstances when requesting an opinion, letter or other document referred to in Sections 6(b) through (d)&nbsp;above. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7. <U>Conditions of the Agent&#146;s Obligation</U>. The Agent&#146;s obligation to solicit purchases on an agency basis for the Shares or
otherwise take any action pursuant to a Transaction Acceptance and to purchase the Shares pursuant to any Terms Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) At the Time of Acceptance, at the time of the commencement of trading on the Exchange on the Purchase Date(s) and at the relevant Time of
Sale and Agency Settlement Date, or with respect to a Principal Transaction pursuant to a Terms Agreement, at the time of execution and delivery of the Terms Agreement by the Company and at the relevant Time of Sale and Principal Settlement Date:
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">34 </P>

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<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The representations, warranties and agreements on the part of the Company herein contained or contained in any
certificate of an officer or officers, general partner, managing member or other authorized representative of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof shall be true and correct in all respects.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Company shall have performed and observed its covenants and other obligations hereunder and/or under any
Terms Agreement, as the case may be, in all material respects. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">In the case of an Agency Transaction, from the Time of Acceptance until the Agency Settlement Date, or, in the
case of a Principal Transaction pursuant to a Terms Agreement, from the time of execution and delivery of the Terms Agreement by the Company until the Principal Settlement Date, trading in the Common Stock on the Exchange shall not have been
suspended. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(iv)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">From the date of this Agreement, no event or condition of a type described in Section&nbsp;3(e) hereof shall
have occurred or shall exist, which event or condition is not described in a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) or the Prospectus (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the effect of which
in the judgment of the Agent makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the applicable Settlement Date on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, any
Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(v)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Subsequent to the relevant Time of Acceptance or, in the case of a Principal Transaction, subsequent to
execution of the applicable Terms Agreement, (A)&nbsp;no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded any debt securities or preferred equity securities of or guaranteed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries by any &#147;nationally
recognized statistical rating organization&#148;, as such term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Section&nbsp;3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act and (B)&nbsp;no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or
review, or has changed its outlook with respect to, its rating of any debt securities or preferred equity securities of or guaranteed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (other than an announcement with positive implications of a possible
upgrading) in each case that has not been described in any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus issued prior to any related Time of Sale. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vi)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Shares to be issued pursuant to the Transaction Acceptance or pursuant to a Terms Agreement, as applicable,
shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to notice of issuance. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">35 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(vii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">(A) No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted
or issued by any federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authority that would, as of the relevant Settlement Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Shares and (B)&nbsp;no injunction or order of any federal, state or foreign court
shall have been issued that would, as of the relevant Settlement Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Shares. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(viii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">(A) No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, no proceeding for
such purpose or pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A of the Act shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission; (B)&nbsp;the Prospectus and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission under the Act (in the
case of any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Act); (C) all requests by the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of the Agent; and (D)&nbsp;no
suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, and no initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes, shall have occurred and be in effect. The Registration Statement, the Prospectus or
any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall not contain an untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading at the time the Agent delivers a Transaction Acceptance to the Company or the Company and the Agent execute a Terms Agreement, as the case may be. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ix)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">No amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus shall have been filed to which the Agent shall have reasonably objected in writing. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Within one Exchange
Business Day after the applicable Bring-Down Delivery Date or, in the case of a Bring-Down Delivery Date resulting from a Principal Settlement Date, on such Principal Settlement Date, the Agent shall have received the officer&#146;s certificates,
opinions and negative assurance letters of counsel and &#147;comfort&#148; letters and other documents provided for under Sections 6(b) through (d), inclusive. For purposes of clarity and without limitation to any other provision of this
Section&nbsp;7 or elsewhere in this Agreement, the parties hereto agree that the Agent&#146;s obligations, if any, to solicit purchases of Shares on an agency basis or otherwise take any action pursuant to a Transaction Acceptance shall, unless
otherwise agreed in writing by the Agent, be suspended during the period from and including a Bring-Down Delivery Date through and including the time that the Agent shall have received the documents described in the preceding sentence. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8. <U>Termination</U>. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)&#8194;&#8195;(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Company may terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time upon prior written notice to the
Agent. Any such termination shall </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">36 </P>

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<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="18%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top">
be without liability of any party to any other party, except that (A)&nbsp;with respect to any pending sale, the obligations of the Company, including in respect of compensation of the Agent,
shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination; and (B)&nbsp;the provisions of Sections 3, 4 (except that if no Shares have been previously sold hereunder or under any Terms Agreement, only Section&nbsp;4(l)), 9, 13, 14 and
16 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. </TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">In the case of any sale by the Company pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the obligations of the Company pursuant
to such Terms Agreement and this Agreement may not be terminated by the Company without the prior written consent of the Agent. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)&#8195;&#8194;(i)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Agent may terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time upon giving prior written notice to
the Company. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party, except that the provisions of Sections 3, 4 (except that if no Shares have been previously sold hereunder or under any Terms Agreement, only
Section&nbsp;4(l)), 9, 13, 14 and 16 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="13%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(ii)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">In the case of any purchase by the Agent pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the obligations of the Agent pursuant
to such Terms Agreement shall be subject to termination by the Agent at any time prior to or at the Principal Settlement Date if (A)&nbsp;since the time of execution of the Terms Agreement or the respective dates as of which information is given in
the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, (i)&nbsp;trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on or by any of the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Chicago Board
Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade; (ii)&nbsp;trading of any securities issued or guaranteed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">over-the</FONT> counter market, (iii)&nbsp;a general moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by federal or New York state authorities, (iv)&nbsp;there shall have occurred any outbreak or
escalation of hostilities or any change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis, either within or outside the United States, that, solely in the case of events and conditions described in this clause (iv), in the Agent&#146;s judgment, is
material and adverse and makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus or such Terms Agreement. If the Agent elects to terminate its
obligations pursuant to this Section&nbsp;8(b)(ii), the Company shall be notified promptly in writing. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) This
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until the earliest of (A)&nbsp;termination of the Agreement pursuant to Section&nbsp;8(a) or 8(b) above or otherwise by mutual written agreement of the parties and (B)&nbsp;such date that the Maximum
Amount<B> </B>has been sold in </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">37 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
accordance with the terms of this Agreement and any Terms Agreements, in each case except that the provisions of Section&nbsp;3, 4 (except that if no Shares have been previously sold hereunder or
under any Terms Agreement, only Section&nbsp;4(l)), 9, 13, 14 and 16 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; <I>provided</I> that,
notwithstanding the foregoing, such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Agent or the Company, as the case may be, or such later date as may be required pursuant to
Section&nbsp;8(a) or (b). If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such sale shall settle in accordance with the provisions of Section&nbsp;2 hereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9. <U>Indemnity and Contribution</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Agent, its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls
the Agent within the meaning of Section&nbsp;15 of the Act or Section&nbsp;20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, reasonable and documented out of pocket legal
fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred), that arise out of, or are based upon, (i)&nbsp;any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, not
misleading or (ii)&nbsp;any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any
&#147;issuer information&#148; filed or required to be filed pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act or any road show as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Act (a &#147;<B>road show</B>&#148;), or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state
therein a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, in each case except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are
based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to the Agent furnished to the Company in writing by the Agent expressly for use therein, it
being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by the Agent consists of the information described as such in subsection (b)&nbsp;below. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) The Agent agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and each
person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section&nbsp;15 of the Act or Section&nbsp;20 of the Exchange Act to the same extent as the indemnity set forth in paragraph (a)&nbsp;above, but only with respect to any losses, claims,
damages or liabilities (including, without limitation, reasonable and documented out of pocket legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred)
that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to the Agent furnished to the Company in writing by the Agent
expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">38 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any road show, it being understood and agreed upon that
such information shall consist solely of the following: the information appearing in the third sentence of the first paragraph under the caption &#147;Plan of Distribution&#148; in the Prospectus Supplement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) If any suit, action, proceeding (including any governmental or regulatory investigation), claim or demand shall be brought or asserted
against any person in respect of which indemnification may be sought pursuant to either Section&nbsp;9(a) or 9(b) above, such person (the &#147;<B>Indemnified Person</B>&#148;) shall promptly notify the person against whom such indemnification may
be sought (the &#147;<B>Indemnifying Person</B>&#148;) in writing; <U>provided</U> that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under this Section&nbsp;9 except to the extent that it has
been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and <U>provided</U>, <U>further</U>, that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have
to an Indemnified Person otherwise than under this Section&nbsp;9. If any such proceeding shall be brought or asserted against an Indemnified Person and it shall have notified the Indemnifying Person thereof, the Indemnifying Person shall retain
counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person (who shall not, without the consent of the Indemnified Person, be counsel to the Indemnifying Person) to represent the Indemnified Person and any others entitled to indemnification pursuant
to this Section&nbsp;9 that the Indemnifying Person may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of such counsel related to such proceeding, as incurred. In any such proceeding, any Indemnified
Person shall have the right to retain its own counsel), but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless (i)&nbsp;the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have mutually agreed to the
contrary; (ii)&nbsp;the Indemnifying Person has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person; (iii)&nbsp;the Indemnified Person shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses
available to it that are different from or in addition to those available to the Indemnifying Person; or (iv)&nbsp;the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) included both the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified
Person and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood and agreed that the Indemnifying Person shall not, in connection with any proceeding
or related proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for (A)&nbsp;the Agent and its affiliates, directors and officers and its
control persons, if any, or (B)&nbsp;the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and its control persons, if any, as the case may be, and that all such reasonable and documented fees and expenses shall be paid or
reimbursed as they are incurred. Any such separate firm for the Agent and its affiliates, directors and officers and its control persons, if any, shall be designated in writing by the Agent, and any such separate firm for the Company, its directors,
its officers who signed the Registration Statement and its control persons, if any, shall be designated in writing by the Company.<B> </B>The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written
consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Person agrees to indemnify each Indemnified Person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. No
Indemnifying Person shall, without the written consent of the Indemnified Person, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">39 </P>

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proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Person is or could have been a party and indemnification is or could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Person, unless such settlement
(x)&nbsp;includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Person, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Person, from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding and (y)&nbsp;does not
include any statement as to or any admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any Indemnified Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an Indemnified Person shall have requested an Indemnifying
Person to reimburse the Indemnified Person for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by this Section&nbsp;9(c), the Indemnifying Person agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent
if (i)&nbsp;such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by such Indemnifying Person of the aforesaid request and (ii)&nbsp;such Indemnifying Person shall not have reimbursed the Indemnified Person in accordance with such request
prior to the date of such settlement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) If the indemnification provided for in Sections&nbsp;9(a) and 9(b) above is unavailable to an
Indemnified Person or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under such Sections, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Person thereunder, shall contribute to the
amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i)&nbsp;in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Agent, on
the other, from the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreements or (ii)&nbsp;if the allocation provided by clause (i)&nbsp;is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only
the relative benefits referred to in clause (i)&nbsp;but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Agent, on the other, in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or
liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Agent, on the other, shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds (before
deducting expenses) received by the Company from the sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreements and the total discounts and commissions received by the Agent in connection therewith bear to the aggregate Gross Sales Price
of such Shares. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and Agent, on the other, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged
omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, on the one hand, or by Agent, on the other hand, and the parties&#146; relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such
statement or omission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) The Company and the Agent agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this
Section&nbsp;9 were determined by <U>pro</U> <U>rata</U> allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Section&nbsp;9(d) above. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified
Person as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in Section&nbsp;9(d) above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any reasonable and documented legal or other expenses incurred by such
Indemnified Person in connection with any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section&nbsp;9, in no event shall the Agent be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total discounts and
commissions received by the Agent with respect to the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement and </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">40 </P>

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any Terms Agreements exceeds the amount of any damages that the Agent has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No
person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) The remedies provided for in this Section&nbsp;9 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be
available to any Indemnified Person at law or in equity. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">10. <U>Notices</U>. All notices and other communications under this Agreement and
any Terms Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted and confirmed by any standard form of communication, and, if to the Agent, shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC, 383 Madison Avenue, 6<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> Floor, New York, New York 10179, to the attention of Sanjeet Dewal, email: sanjeet.s.dewal@jpmorgan.com, and, if to the Company, shall be sufficient
in all respects if delivered or sent to it at 601 Brickell Key Drive, Suite 1000, Miami, Florida 33131, Attn: Manmeet Soni and Susan Kim (email: <U>manmeet.soni@smmttx.com</U> and susan.kim@summitplc.com). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Transaction
Proposals shall be delivered by the Company to the Agent by telephone or email to Sanjeet Dewal, at telephone number <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">212-622-8783</FONT></FONT> or email to
sanjeet.s.dewal@jpmorgan.com; and Transaction Acceptances shall be delivered by the Agent to the Company by email to Manmeet Soni (email: manmeet.soni@smmttx.com) and Susan Kim (email: Susan.Kim@summitplc.com). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">11. <U>No Fiduciary Relationship</U>. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Agent is acting solely in the capacity of an arm&#146;s
length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Shares contemplated hereby and any Terms Agreements (including in connection with determining the terms of the offering) and not as a financial advisor or a fiduciary to,
or an agent of, the Company or any other person. Additionally, the Agent is not advising the Company or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction. The Company shall consult with its own
advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the Agent shall have no responsibility or liability to the Company with respect
thereto. Any review by the Agent of the Company, the transactions contemplated hereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Agent and shall not be on behalf of the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">12. <U>Adjustments for Stock Splits</U>. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share related numbers contained in this Agreement, any
Transaction Proposal and any Transaction Acceptance shall be adjusted to take into account any stock split effected with respect to the Shares. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">13. <U>Miscellaneous</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)
<I>Governing Law</I>. This Agreement, any Terms Agreement and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or relating to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New
York. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">41 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) <I>Submission to Jurisdiction</I>. The Company hereby submits to the exclusive
jurisdiction of the U.S. federal and New York state courts in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York in any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company waives any
objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such suit or proceeding in such courts. The Company agrees that final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such court shall be conclusive and binding
upon the Company and may be enforced in any court to the jurisdiction of which Company is subject by a suit upon such judgment. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)
<I>Waiver of Jury Trial.</I> Each of the parties hereto hereby waives any right to trial by jury in any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">14. <U>Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement</U>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon
the parties hereto and thereto, respectively, and their respective successors and the officers, directors, affiliates and controlling persons referred to in Section&nbsp;9 hereof. Nothing in this Agreement or any Terms Agreement is intended or shall
be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any such Terms Agreement or any provision contained herein or therein. No purchaser of Shares from or through the Agent
shall be deemed to be a successor merely by reason of purchase. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">15. <U>Counterparts</U>. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be
signed in counterparts (which may include counterparts delivered by any standard form of telecommunication), each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via
facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other
transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">16. <U>Survival</U>. The respective indemnities, rights of contribution, representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and the
Agent contained in this Agreement or any Terms Agreement or made by or on behalf of the Company or the Agent pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement or any certificate delivered pursuant hereto or thereto shall survive the delivery of and
payment for the Shares and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination of this Agreement or any Terms Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company or the Agent. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">17. <U>Certain Defined Terms</U>. For purposes of this Agreement, except where otherwise expressly provided, the term &#147;affiliate&#148; has
the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under Act; the term &#147;business day&#148; means any day other than a day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City; and the term &#147;subsidiary&#148; has the meaning set forth in
Rule 405 under the Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">18. <U>Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes</U>. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">42 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) In the event that the Agent is a Covered Entity and becomes subject to a proceeding
under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from the Agent of this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer
would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) In the event that the Agent is a Covered Entity and becomes, or a BHC Act Affiliate of the Agent, becomes subject to a proceeding under a
U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement that may be exercised against the Agent is permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special
Resolution Regime if this Agreement or any Terms Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">As used in this Section&nbsp;18: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;BHC Act Affiliate&#148; has the meaning assigned to the term &#147;affiliate&#148; in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12
U.S.C. &#167; 1841(k). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;Covered Entity&#148; means any of the following: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) a &#147;covered entity&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 252.82(b); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) a &#147;covered bank&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 47.3(b); or </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) a &#147;covered FSI&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 382.2(b). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;Default Right&#148; has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167;&#167; 252.81,
47.2 or 382.1, as applicable. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&#147;U.S. Special Resolution Regime&#148; means each of (i)&nbsp;the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the
regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii)&nbsp;Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">19. <U>Compliance with USA Patriot Act</U>. In accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">107-56</FONT> (signed into law October&nbsp;26, 2001)), the Agent is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies its clients, including the Company, which information may include the name and address
of its clients, as well as other information that will allow the Agent to properly identify its clients. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">20. <U>Amendments or Waivers</U>.
No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, nor any consent or approval to any departure therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the parties hereto or thereto
as the case may be. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">43 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">21. <U>Headings</U>. The headings herein and in any Terms Agreement are included for
convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement or any Terms Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">22. <U>Integration</U>. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company and the
Agent, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>[</B>Signature Page Follows<B>]</B> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">44 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and the Agent,
please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement among the Company and the Agent. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="12%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="87%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">Very truly yours,</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="3"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">SUMMIT THERAPEUTICS INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Manmeet Soni</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Manmeet Singh Soni</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">COO&nbsp;&amp; CFO</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="86%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">Accepted and agreed to as of the</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">date first above written:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="3"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Sanjeet Dewal</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Sanjeet Dewal</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Managing Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Schedule A </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Authorized Company Representatives </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Robert W.
Duggan, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Manmeet S. Soni, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Mahkam Zanganeh, Chief Executive Officer, President and Director </P>
</DIV></Center>


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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit A </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Summit Therapeutics Inc. Common Stock </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>TERMS AGREEMENT </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">_____________, 20__ </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">383 Madison Avenue </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">New York, New York 10179 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dear Sirs: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Summit Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and in the Distribution Agreement dated May&nbsp;13, 2024 (the &#147;<B>Distribution Agreement</B>&#148;) between the Company and J.P. Morgan
Securities LLC (the &#147;<B>Agent</B>&#148;), to issue and sell to the Agent the securities specified in the Schedule hereto (the &#147;<B>Purchased Securities</B>&#148;). Unless otherwise defined below, terms defined in the Distribution Agreement
shall have the same meanings when used herein. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each of the provisions of the Distribution Agreement not specifically related to the
solicitation by the Agent, as agent of the Company, of offers to purchase securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set
forth in full herein. Each of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth therein shall be deemed to have been made as of the date of this Terms Agreement and the Settlement Date set forth in the Schedule hereto. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">An amendment to the Registration Statement or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the case may be, relating to the Purchased Securities, in the
form heretofore delivered to the Agent, is now proposed to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subject to the terms and
conditions set forth herein and in the Distribution Agreement which are incorporated herein by reference, the Company agrees to issue and sell to the Agent, and the latter agrees to purchase from the Company, the Purchased Securities at the time and
place and at the purchase price set forth in the Schedule hereto. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding any provision of the Distribution Agreement or this
Terms Agreement to the contrary, the Company consents to the Agent trading in the Common Stock for Agent&#146;s own account and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of the Purchased Securities occur pursuant to this Terms
Agreement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><I></I><B><I>[</I></B><I>Signature Page Follows</I><B><I>]</I></B><I> </I></P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us a
counterpart hereof, whereupon this Terms Agreement, including those provisions of the Distribution Agreement incorporated herein by reference, shall constitute a binding agreement between the Agent and the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


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<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">SUMMIT THERAPEUTICS INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;&#8195;&#8195;&#8195;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">Accepted and agreed as of</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">the date first above written:</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="3"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;&#8195;&#8195;&#8195;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">A-2 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Schedule to Terms Agreement </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Title of Purchased Securities: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Common Stock,
par value $0.01 per share </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Number of Shares of Purchased Securities: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B> shares </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Initial Price to
Public: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">$<B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B> per share </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Purchase Price Payable by the Agent: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">$<B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B> per share </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Method of and
Specified Funds for Payment of Purchase Price: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>[</B>By wire transfer to a bank account specified by the Company in same day
funds.<B>]</B> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Method of Delivery: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>[</B>To the Agent&#146;s account, or the account of the Agent&#146;s designee, at The Depository Trust Company via DWAC in return for
payment of the purchase price.<B>]</B> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Settlement Date: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">[&#149;], 20[&#149;] </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Closing Location: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">[&#149;] </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Documents to be Delivered: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following documents referred to in the Distribution Agreement shall be delivered on the Settlement Date as a condition to the closing for the Purchased
Securities (which documents shall be dated on or as of the Settlement Date and shall be appropriately updated to cover any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses and any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any
Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses and any documents incorporated by reference therein): </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(1) the officer&#146;s certificate referred to in
Section&nbsp;5(a)(i); </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(2) the opinions and negative assurance letters of the Company&#146;s outside counsel referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(ii); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(3) the &#147;comfort&#148; letter referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(iii); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(4) the opinions of the Company&#146;s outside intellectual property counsels referred to in Section&nbsp;5(a)(v) and 5(a)(vi); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(5) the opinion and negative assurance letter referred to in Section&nbsp;5(b); and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(6) such other documents as the Agent shall reasonably request. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>[</B>Lockup:<B>]</B> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">A-3 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">[&#149;] </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Time of sale: <B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B> <B>[</B>a.m./p.m.<B>]</B> (New York City time) on <B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B>, <B>[</B>&#149;<B>]</B> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Time of sale information: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="2%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">The number of shares of Purchased Securities set forth above </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="2%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">The initial price to public set forth above </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="1%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="2%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">[Other] </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">A-4 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit B </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>OFFICERS&#146; CERTIFICATE </U></B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dated
__________, 20__ </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We, Robert W. Duggan, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman, and Manmeet S. Soni, Chief Operating Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, of Summit Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;), do hereby certify that this certificate is signed by us pursuant to the Distribution Agreement dated May&nbsp;13, 2024 between the Company
and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (the &#147;<B>Agreement</B>&#148;), and do hereby further certify on behalf of the Company, as follows: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.
The representations and warranties of the Company in the Agreement are true and correct on and as of the date hereof as though made on and as of this date; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2. The Company has performed all obligations and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied pursuant to the Agreement on
or prior to the date hereof; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3. The Company&#146;s Registration Statement (File <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">No.&nbsp;333-[-])</FONT>
and any post-effective amendments thereto have become effective under the Act; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of such Registration Statement has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section&nbsp;8A of the Act has
been initiated or, to the knowledge of the undersigned, threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission have been complied with; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, (i)&nbsp;there has not been any change in the capital stock (other than the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options issued under, and the grant of options and awards under,
equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the issuance of Shares pursuant to the Agreement) or short-term debt or long-term debt (except for borrowings and the repayment of borrowings in the ordinary course
of business) of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock (other than regularly scheduled cash dividends in amounts
that are consistent with past practice), or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders&#146; equity, results
of operations or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; (ii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any transaction or agreement (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) that is
material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; and (iii)&nbsp;neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has sustained any loss or interference with its business that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole and that is either from fire, explosion, flood or </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each of Cooley LLP and Baker&nbsp;&amp; Hostetler LLP is entitled to rely on this certificate in connection with such firm&#146;s legal
opinion to be delivered pursuant to the Agreement. All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>[</B>Signature Page Follows<B>]</B> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">B-2 </P>

</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit B </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="100%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;&#8195;&#8195;&#8195;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name: Robert W. Duggan</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title: Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">&nbsp;&#8195;&#8195;&#8195;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name: Manmeet S. Soni</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title: Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
</DIV></Center>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-1.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>d56029dex12.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-1.2
<TEXT>
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>EX-1.2</TITLE>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 1.2 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SUMMIT THERAPEUTICS INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">August&nbsp;11, 2025 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">383 Madison Avenue </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">New York, NY 10179 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">Ladies and Gentlemen: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">Reference
is made to the Distribution Agreement, dated May&nbsp;13, 2024 (the &#147;<B><U>Original Agreement</U></B>&#148;), by and between Summit Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &#147;<B><U>Company</U></B>&#148;), and J.P. Morgan Securities
LLC (the &#147;<B><U>Agent</U></B>&#148;), pursuant to which the Company agreed, in its sole discretion, to issue and sell, from time to time, through the Agent, as agent and/or principal, shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.01 per
share. All capitalized terms used in this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Original Agreement (this &#147;<B><U>Amendment</U></B>&#148;) and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the Original Agreement. The
Company and the Agent hereby agree to amend the Original Agreement as set forth in this Amendment as follows: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">A.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify"><U>Amendments to Original Agreement</U>. The Original Agreement is amended as follows:
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">1. The first paragraph of the preamble to the Original Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and
replaced with the following: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">&#147;Summit Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;),
confirms its agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as agent and/or principal under any Terms Agreement (as defined in Section&nbsp;1(a) below) (&#147;<B>you</B>&#148; or the &#147;<B>Agent</B>&#148;), with respect to the issuance and sale from
time to time by the Company, in the manner and subject to the terms and conditions described below in this Distribution Agreement (this &#147;<B>Agreement</B>&#148;), of shares of common stock of the Company, $0.01 par value per share (the
&#147;<B>Common Stock</B>&#148;), of the Company having an aggregate Gross Sales Price (as defined in Section&nbsp;2(b) below) of up to $450,000,000 (the &#147;<B>Maximum Amount</B>&#148;) on the terms set forth in Section&nbsp;1 of this Agreement.
Such shares are hereinafter collectively referred to as the &#147;<B>Shares</B>&#148; and are described in the Prospectus referred to below.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">2. The following sentence shall be added as the last sentence in the second paragraph of the preamble of the Original
Agreement: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">&#147;All references to the &#147;Prospectus Supplement&#148; shall include (i)&nbsp;the prospectus supplement
to be dated on or about August&nbsp;11, 2025 (the &#147;<B>New Prospectus Supplement</B>&#148;), and (ii)&nbsp;the prospectus supplement dated May&nbsp;13, 2024 (the &#147;<B>Original Prospectus Supplement</B>&#148;) with respect to the sales of
Shares pursuant to the New Prospectus Supplement and the Original Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">3. The
following subsection shall be added as subsection (bbb) to Section&nbsp;3 of the Original Agreement: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">&#147;(bbb) The
Company is not a &#147;covered foreign person,&#148; as that term is defined in 31 C.F.R. &#167; 850.209. The Company does not currently engage, or has plans to engage, directly or indirectly, in </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">
a &#147;covered activity,&#148; as that term is defined in in 31 C.F.R. &#167; 850.208 (&#147;<B>Covered Activity</B>&#148;). The Company does not have any joint ventures that engages in or plans
to engage in any Covered Activity. The Company also does not, directly or indirectly, hold a board seat on, have a voting or equity interest in, or have any contractual power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of any
person or persons that engages or plans to engage in any Covered Activity.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">B.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify"><U>Supplement</U>. The Company shall file the New Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Act
reflecting the terms of this Amendment within two business days of the date hereof. The Company shall only issue and sell Shares under the New Prospectus Supplement only after there are no remaining Shares for sale under the Original Prospect
Supplement. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">C.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify"><U>No Other Amendments; References to Original Agreement</U>. Except as set forth in <U>Part A</U> above,
all the terms and provisions of the Original Agreement shall continue in full force and effect. All references to the Original Agreement in the Original Agreement or in any other document executed or delivered in connection therewith shall, from the
date hereof, be deemed a reference to the Original Agreement as amended by this Amendment. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">D.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify"><U>Counterparts</U>. This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart by one party to the other may be made by facsimile or by electronic delivery of a portable document format (PDF) file
(including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com). </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">E.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify"><U>Governing Law</U>. This Amendment and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or relating to this
Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>[Remainder of
page intentionally left blank.] </B></P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company
and the Agent, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Original Agreement and your acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and the Agent. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


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<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Very truly yours,</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="3"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"><B>SUMMIT THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">By:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">/s/ Manmeet Soni</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Name:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Manmeet Soni</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Title:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Accepted and agreed to as of the date first above written: </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


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<TD WIDTH="86%"></TD></TR>


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<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"><B>J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">By:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">/s/Sanjeet Dewal</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Name:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Sanjeet Dewal</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Title:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="justify" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">Managing Director</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">[<I>Signature page to Amendment No.</I><I></I><I>&nbsp;1 to Distribution Agreement</I>] </P>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 5.1 </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
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</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">August&nbsp;11, 2025 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">Summit Therapeutics Inc. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">601 Brickell Key
Drive, Suite 1000 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Miami, FL 33131 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">Ladies
and Gentlemen: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">We have acted as counsel to Summit Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the&nbsp;&#147;<B><I>Company</I></B>&#148;), in connection with the Registration Statement on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> (the &#147;<B><I>Registration Statement</I></B>&#148;) filed by the Company with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the &#147;<B><I>Commission</I></B>&#148;) on February&nbsp;20, 2024 and declared effective on February&nbsp;27, 2024 and the Prospectus Supplement, dated August&nbsp;11, 2025 (the &#147;<B><I>Prospectus
Supplement</I></B>&#148;). The Prospectus Supplement relates to the offer and sale from time to time of shares of the Company&#146;s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the &#147;<B><I>Common Stock</I></B>&#148;), up to a maximum aggregate
amount of $360.0&nbsp;million (the &#147;<B><I>Shares</I></B>&#148;), pursuant to a Distribution Agreement, dated May&nbsp;13, 2024, as amended on August&nbsp;11, 2025, between the Company and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">We have examined such documents and such matters of fact and law as we deem necessary to render the opinions contained herein.
In our examination, we have assumed, but have not independently verified, the genuineness of all signatures, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, facsimile or other copies, and the authenticity of all
such documents. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied on certificates or comparable documents of public officials and of officers and representatives of the Company. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">For purposes of this opinion, we have assumed that: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(a)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify">the Registration Statement will remain effective at the time of issuance and sale of the Shares;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(b)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify">the Shares will be sold at prices and other terms authorized by the Company&#146;s Board of Directors or
another duly authorized committee thereof; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(c)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="justify">at the time of the issuance and sale of the Shares, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock will
remain authorized and available for issuance pursuant to the Company&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as it then may be amended. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt" ALIGN="center">


<IMG SRC="g56029g0811154707520.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">Based on the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications stated herein, we
are of the opinion that the Shares offered pursuant to the Prospectus Supplement will be validly issued, fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable.</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">The opinions expressed herein are limited to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and we express no opinion as
to the effect on the matters covered by this letter of the laws of any other jurisdiction. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="justify">We hereby consent to the
filing of this letter as Exhibit 5.1 to a Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> that will be filed by the Company and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the
Prospectus Supplement under the heading &#147;Legal Matters.&#148; In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section&nbsp;7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the
rules and regulations of the Commission. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:55%; text-indent:-2%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Very truly yours, </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:55%; text-indent:-2%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Baker&nbsp;&amp; Hostetler LLP </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:55%; text-indent:-2%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BAKER&nbsp;&amp; HOSTETLER LLP </P>
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<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>smmt-20250811_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release 2512 Build:20250722.1 -->
<!-- Creation date: 8/11/2025 11:39:40 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2025 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>smmt-20250811_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release 2512 Build:20250722.1 -->
<!-- Creation date: 8/11/2025 11:39:40 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2025 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
    xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.summitplc.com//20250811/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="smmt-20250811.xsd#Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.summitplc.com//20250811/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag" order="22.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" order="23.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 11, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001599298<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug. 11,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Summit Therapeutics Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-36866<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">37-1979717<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">601 Brickell Key Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 1000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Miami<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">FL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">33131<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(305)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">203-2034<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common stock, $0.01&#160;par value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">SMMT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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