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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net income $ 100,443 $ 73,185 $ 39,122
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation 8,360 9,240 8,574
Amortization 14,829 29,561 37,900
Stock-based compensation expense 20,741 6,499 4,463
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount 954 615 662
Noncash lease expense 9,949 0 0
Deferred income tax provision 10,050 3,942 3,237
Amortization and adjustment of deferred credit (801) (7,712) (8,781)
Other 1,754 1,653 (673)
Changes in assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable and unbilled, net (21,256) (27,047) (2,898)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (7,381) (1,241) (3,533)
Accounts payable 4,730 1,342 4,816
Accrued expenses 21,824 29,029 (1,313)
Pre-funded study costs 0 0 5,292
Advanced billings 44,584 35,593 7,735
Lease liabilities (9,034) 0 0
Other assets and liabilities, net 2,121 1,925 2,782
Net cash provided by operating activities 201,867 156,584 97,385
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Property and equipment expenditures (17,912) (16,024) (11,724)
Acquisition of intangibles 0 0 (569)
Other (1,232) (949) 56
Net cash used in investing activities (19,144) (16,973) (12,237)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Proceeds from stock option exercises 6,520 2,489 1,812
Repurchases of common stock 0 0 (155,583)
Payment of debt (80,438) (72,188) (12,375)
Proceeds from revolving loan 0 0 100,000
Payments on revolving loan 0 (70,000) (30,000)
Payment of deemed landlord liability 0 (1,881) (1,682)
Net cash used in financing activities (73,918) (141,580) (97,828)
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATES ON CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH (167) (1,241) 1,765
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH 108,638 (3,210) (10,915)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH — Beginning of period 23,282 26,492 37,407
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH — End of period 131,920 23,282 26,492
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION—      
Cash paid during the period for income taxes 13,235 23,311 17,180
Cash paid during the period for interest 1,489 7,589 6,888
Acquisition of property and equipment—non-cash $ 2,529 $ 1,551 $ 678