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Retirement Benefits (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 29, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Plan assets by category and fair value measurement level
Assets of all plans by category and fair value measurement level were as follows (in thousands):
LevelDecember 29, 2023December 30, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents1$1,425 $351 
Insurance contract336,151 32,163 
Investments categorized in fair value hierarchy37,576 32,514 
Equity
U.S. Large CapN/A40,726 74,838 
U.S. Small/Mid CapN/A— 5,191 
InternationalN/A17,554 37,862 
Total equity58,280 117,891 
Fixed incomeN/A49,595 93,262 
Real estate and otherN/A15,400 37,508 
Investments measured at net asset value123,275 248,661 
Total$160,851 $281,175 
Level 3 plan assets activity
The following table is a reconciliation of pension assets measured at fair value using level 3 inputs (in thousands):
20232022
Balance, beginning of year$32,163 $30,926 
Purchases2,593 2,431 
Redemptions(2,833)(669)
Unrealized gains (losses)4,228 (525)
Balance, end of year$36,151 $32,163 
Funded status of plans
The following provides a reconciliation of the changes in the plans’ benefit obligations and fair value of assets over the periods ending December 29, 2023, and December 30, 2022, and a statement of the funded status as of the same dates (in thousands):
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
 2023202220232022
Change in benefit obligation
Obligation, beginning of year$315,807 $418,051 $22,930 $32,122 
Service cost5,729 8,242 348 516 
Interest cost16,535 10,996 1,165 839 
Actuarial (gain) loss 32,763 (110,467)(237)(9,044)
Benefit payments(12,103)(9,122)(1,552)(1,503)
Plan amendments(250)(267)— 
Settlements(149,212)— — — 
Exchange rate changes4,306 (1,626)— — 
Obligation, end of year$213,575 $315,807 $22,654 $22,930 
Change in plan assets
Fair value, beginning of year$281,175 $347,900 $— $— 
Actual return on assets14,504 (80,078)— — 
Employer contributions23,066 22,756 1,552 1,503 
Benefit payments(12,103)(9,122)(1,552)(1,503)
Settlements(149,212)— — — 
Exchange rate changes3,421 (281)— — 
Fair value, end of year$160,851 $281,175 $— $— 
Unfunded status$(52,724)$(34,632)$(22,654)$(22,930)
Amounts recognized in balance sheets
Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheets
Non-current assets$215 $5,398 $— $— 
Current liabilities1,749 1,860 1,745 1,763 
Non-current liabilities51,190 38,170 20,909 21,167 
Net$52,724 $34,632 $22,654 $22,930 
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets Information for plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets follows (in thousands):
20232022
Projected benefit obligation$89,206 $72,190 
Accumulated benefit obligation81,701 69,395 
Fair value of plan assets36,150 32,164 
Components of net periodic benefit cost
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the plans for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
 202320222021202320222021
Service cost-benefits earned during the period$5,729 $8,242 $9,355 $348 $516 $670 
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation16,535 10,996 11,409 1,165 839 832 
Expected return on assets(19,141)(19,754)(20,767)— — — 
Amortization of prior service cost36 84 246 — — — 
Amortization of net loss5,999 4,701 9,248 (133)345 1,002 
Settlement loss42,169 — 12,285 — — — 
Cost of pension plans which are not significant and have not adopted ASC 715368 284 368 N/AN/AN/A
Net periodic benefit cost$51,695 $4,553 $22,144 $1,380 $1,700 $2,504 
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) in 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
 2023202220232022
Net (loss) gain arising during the period$(37,132)$11,189 $237 $9,044 
Amortization of net loss (gain)5,999 4,701 (133)345 
Prior service credit (cost) arising during the period250 267 — — 
Settlement loss42,169 — — — 
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost36 84 — — 
Total$11,322 $16,241 $104 $9,389 
Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss
Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 29, 2023 and December 30, 2022, that had not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost, were as follows (in thousands):
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
 2023202220232022
Prior service cost $2,163 $1,668 $— $— 
Net gain (loss)(44,195)(55,084)1,995 1,891 
Net gain (loss) before income taxes(42,032)(53,416)1,995 1,891 
Income taxes9,464 12,207 (439)(416)
Net$(32,568)$(41,209)$1,556 $1,475 
Assumptions used to determine obligations and cost
Assumptions used to determine the Company’s benefit obligations are shown below:
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
Weighted average assumptions2023202220232022
U.S. Plans
Discount rate5.3 %5.6 %5.3 %5.6 %
Rate of compensation increase2.7 %2.7 %N/AN/A
Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate2.1 %2.4 %N/AN/A
Rate of compensation increase1.7 %1.8 %N/AN/A

Assumptions used to determine the Company’s net periodic benefit cost are shown below:
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Medical Benefits
Weighted average assumptions            202320222021202320222021
U.S. Plans
Discount rate5.6 %3.0 %2.6 %5.6 %2.9 %2.6 %
Rate of compensation increase2.7 %2.7 %2.7 %N/AN/AN/A
Expected return on assets7.6 %6.3 %6.3 %N/AN/AN/A
Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate0.4 %0.4 %0.4 %N/AN/AN/A
Rate of compensation increase1.3 %1.3 %1.3 %N/AN/AN/A
Expected return on assets1.6 %1.0 %1.0 %N/AN/AN/A
Estimated future benefit payments Estimated future benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
Pension
Benefits
Postretirement
Medical Benefits
2024$7,165 $1,745 
20256,455 1,717 
20269,455 1,689 
202711,380 1,697 
202811,270 1,670 
Years 2029-203367,316 7,974