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Derivative Financial Instruments
6 Months Ended
May 31, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
Our derivative activities are recorded at fair value in Financial
instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, not yet
purchased, net of cash paid or received under credit support
agreements and on a net counterparty basis when a legally
enforceable right to offset exists under a master netting
agreement. We enter into derivative transactions to satisfy the
needs of our clients and to manage our own exposure to market
and credit risks. In addition, we apply hedge accounting to: (1)
interest rate swaps that have been designated as fair value
hedges of the changes in fair value due to the benchmark interest
rate for certain fixed rate senior long-term debt, and (2) forward
foreign exchange contracts designated as hedges to offset the
change in the value of certain net investments in foreign
operations.
Derivatives are subject to various risks similar to other financial
instruments, including market, credit and operational risk. The
risks of derivatives should not be viewed in isolation, but rather
should be considered on an aggregate basis along with our other
trading-related activities. We manage the risks associated with
derivatives on an aggregate basis along with the risks associated
with proprietary trading as part of our firm wide risk management
policies.
In connection with our derivative activities, we may enter into
International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. master
netting agreements or similar agreements with counterparties.
May 31, 2025 (1)
Assets
Liabilities
$ in thousands
Fair Value
Number of
Contracts (2)
Fair Value
Number of
Contracts (2)
Derivatives designated as
accounting hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Cleared OTC ........................................
$1,712
3
$
Foreign exchange contracts:
Bilateral OTC .......................................
1,862
1
55,950
3
Total derivatives designated as
accounting hedges ............................
3,574
55,950
Derivatives not designated as
accounting hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Exchange-traded ................................
536
46,274
23,687
Cleared OTC ........................................
329,900
7,826
331,751
8,253
Bilateral OTC .......................................
329,124
1,167
682,976
1,365
Foreign exchange contracts:
Bilateral OTC .......................................
161,844
37,567
136,950
12,957
Equity contracts:
Exchange-traded ................................
1,815,569
2,837,638
1,023,820
1,617,971
Bilateral OTC .......................................
1,293,083
34,451
1,521,811
32,884
Commodity contracts:
Exchange-traded ................................
1
903
234
823
Bilateral OTC .......................................
4,252
9,900
1,475
4,372
Credit contracts:
Cleared OTC ........................................
1,493
52
10,827
6
Bilateral OTC .......................................
64,928
9
44,410
23
Total derivatives not designated
as accounting hedges .......................
4,000,730
3,754,254
Total gross derivative assets/
liabilities:
Exchange-traded ................................
1,816,106
1,024,054
Cleared OTC ........................................
333,105
342,578
Bilateral OTC .......................................
1,855,093
2,443,572
Amounts offset in our
Consolidated Statements of
Financial Condition (3):
Exchange-traded ................................
(981,970)
(981,970)
Cleared OTC ........................................
(330,271)
(339,425)
Bilateral OTC .......................................
(1,403,577)
(1,766,083)
Net amounts per Consolidated
Statements of Financial
Condition (4) .................................
$1,288,486
$722,726
(1)Exchange-traded derivatives include derivatives executed on an organized
exchange. Cleared OTC derivatives include derivatives executed bilaterally and
subsequently novated to and cleared through central clearing counterparties.
Bilateral OTC derivatives include derivatives executed and settled bilaterally
without the use of an organized exchange or central clearing counterparty.
(2)The number of exchange-traded contracts may include open futures
contracts. The unsettled fair value of these futures contracts is included in
Receivables from/Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations.
(3)Amounts netted include both netting by counterparty and for cash collateral
paid or received.
(4)We have not received or pledged additional collateral under master netting
agreements and/or other credit support agreements that is eligible to be
offset beyond what has been offset in our Consolidated Statements of
Financial Condition.
November 30, 2024 (1)
Assets
Liabilities
$ in thousands
Fair Value
Number of
Contracts (2)
Fair Value
Number of
Contracts (2)
Derivatives designated as
accounting hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Cleared OTC .........................................
$3,396
3
$
Foreign exchange contracts:
Bilateral OTC ........................................
41,903
3
Total derivatives designated as
accounting hedges .............................
45,299
Derivatives not designated as
accounting hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Exchange-traded .................................
273
16,548
13
32,984
Cleared OTC .........................................
1,030,842
6,663
1,030,671
6,891
Bilateral OTC ........................................
365,678
1,096
717,255
1,256
Foreign exchange contracts:
Bilateral OTC ........................................
132,240
57,786
138,608
35,545
Equity contracts:
Exchange-traded .................................
682,327
1,777,822
521,889
1,574,498
Bilateral OTC ........................................
855,169
33,516
1,024,129
20,587
Commodity contracts:
Exchange-traded .................................
22
806
17
697
Bilateral OTC .......................................
4,570
11,691
1,381
5,180
Credit contracts:
Cleared OTC .........................................
31,488
66
38,711
32
Bilateral OTC ........................................
37,618
16
31,353
32
Total derivatives not designated as
accounting hedges .............................
3,140,227
3,504,027
Total gross derivative assets/
liabilities:
Exchange-traded .................................
682,622
521,919
Cleared OTC .........................................
1,065,726
1,069,382
Bilateral OTC ........................................
1,437,178
1,912,726
Amounts offset in our
Consolidated Statements of
Financial Condition (3):
Exchange-traded .................................
(476,364)
(476,364)
Cleared OTC .........................................
(1,058,995)
(1,066,232)
Bilateral OTC ........................................
(1,132,392)
(1,251,117)
Net amounts per Consolidated
Statements of Financial
Condition (4) ..................................
$517,775
$710,314
(1)Exchange-traded derivatives include derivatives executed on an organized
exchange. Cleared OTC derivatives include derivatives executed bilaterally and
subsequently novated to and cleared through central clearing counterparties.
Bilateral OTC derivatives include derivatives executed and settled bilaterally
without the use of an organized exchange or central clearing counterparty.
(2)The number of exchange-traded contracts may include open futures
contracts. The unsettled fair value of these futures contracts is included in
Receivables from/Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations.
(3)Amounts netted include both netting by counterparty and for cash collateral
paid or received.
(4)We have not received or pledged additional collateral under master netting
agreements and/or other credit support agreements that is eligible to be
offset beyond what has been offset in our Consolidated Statements of
Financial Condition.
Gains (losses) recognized in Interest expense related to fair value
hedges:
$ in thousands
Three Months Ended
May 31,
Six Months Ended
May 31,
Gains (Losses)
2025
2024
2025
2024
Interest rate swaps (1) ..................
$(415)
$(26,253)
$(6,043)
$(30,811)
Long-term debt ...............................
(11,968)
10,282
(18,659)
(985)
Total .................................................
$(12,383)
$(15,971)
$(24,702)
$(31,796)
(1)Includes net settlements of $12.2 million and $24.1 million for the three and
six months ended May 31, 2025, respectively, and $16.1 million and $32.0
million for the three and six months ended May 31, 2024, respectively.
Gains (losses) on our net investment hedges recognized in
Currency translation and other adjustments, a component of
Other comprehensive income (loss):
$ in thousands
Three Months Ended
May 31,
Six Months Ended
May 31,
Gains (Losses)
2025
2024
2025
2024
Foreign exchange contracts .........
$(90,986)
$(10,925)
$(74,132)
$(8,808)
Total .................................................
$(90,986)
$(10,925)
$(74,132)
$(8,808)
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on derivative contracts
recognized primarily in Principal transactions revenues, which are
utilized in connection with our client activities and our economic
risk management activities:
$ in thousands
Three Months Ended
May 31,
Six Months Ended
May 31,
Gains (Losses)
2025
2024
2025
2024
Interest rate contracts ...................
$(8,710)
$36,783
$(31,212)
$58,505
Foreign exchange contracts .........
21,645
42,363
16,770
32,529
Equity contracts ..............................
823,950
50,298
1,318,166
(259,358)
Commodity contracts ....................
7,723
14,332
13,457
18,432
Credit contracts ..............................
653
(8,769)
1,704
(13,342)
Total .................................................
$845,261
$135,007
$1,318,885
$(163,234)
The net gains (losses) on derivative contracts in the table above
are one of a number of activities comprising our business
activities and are before consideration of economic hedging
transactions, which generally offset the net gains (losses)
included above. We substantially mitigate our exposure to market
risk on our cash instruments through derivative contracts, which
generally provide offsetting revenues, and we manage the risk
associated with these contracts in the context of our overall risk
management framework.
OTC Derivatives
Remaining contract maturities at May 31, 2025:
OTC Derivative Assets (1) (2) (3)
$ in thousands
0 – 12
Months
1 – 5
Years
Greater
Than 5
Years
Cross-
Maturity
Netting
(4)
Total
Commodity swaps, options and
forwards ......................................
$4,031
$
$
$
$4,031
Equity options and forwards ..........
238,135
872
(389)
238,618
Credit default swaps .......................
21,592
(106)
21,486
Total return swaps ...........................
147,772
57,728
181
(2,269)
203,412
Foreign currency forwards, swaps
and options .................................
68,897
992
69,889
Fixed income forwards ...................
42,666
42,666
Interest rate swaps, options and
forwards ......................................
52,418
142,873
32,691
(31,415)
196,567
Total ...................................................
$553,919
$202,465
$54,464
$(34,179)
776,669
Cross-product counterparty
netting ..........................................
(37,916)
Total OTC derivative assets
included in Financial
instruments owned ....................
$738,753
OTC Derivative Liabilities (1) (2) (3)
$ in thousands
0 – 12
Months
1 – 5
Years
Greater
Than 5
Years
Cross-
Maturity
Netting
(4)
Total
Commodity swaps, options and
forwards ......................................
$1,376
$
$
$
$1,376
Equity options and forwards ..........
208,093
88,727
13,726
(389)
310,157
Credit default swaps ........................
714
753
9,680
(106)
11,041
Total return swaps ...........................
271,638
131,091
(2,269)
400,460
Foreign currency forwards, swaps
and options .................................
98,657
427
99,084
Fixed income forwards ...................
528
528
Interest rate swaps, options and
forwards ......................................
34,901
85,465
463,024
(31,415)
551,975
Total ...................................................
$615,907
$306,463
$486,430
$(34,179)
1,374,621
Cross-product counterparty
netting ..........................................
(37,916)
Total OTC derivative liabilities
included in Financial
instruments sold, not yet
purchased ...................................
$1,336,705
(1)At May 31, 2025, we held net exchange-traded derivative assets and liabilities
with a fair value of $834.1 million and $42.1 million, respectively, which are not
included in these tables.
(2)OTC derivative assets and liabilities in the tables above are gross of collateral
pledged. OTC derivative assets and liabilities are recorded net of collateral
pledged in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. At May 31,
2025, cash collateral received and pledged was $284.4 million and $656.1
million, respectively.
(3)Derivative fair values include counterparty netting within product category.
(4)Amounts represent the netting of receivable balances with payable balances
for the same counterparty within product category across maturity categories.
OTC derivative assets at May 31, 2025:
Counterparty credit quality (1):
$ in thousands
A- or higher ...............................................................................................
$246,263
BBB- to BBB+ ...........................................................................................
29,767
BB+ or lower .............................................................................................
194,209
Unrated .....................................................................................................
268,514
Total ..........................................................................................................
$738,753
(1)We utilize internal credit ratings determined by our Risk Management
department. Credit ratings determined by Risk Management use
methodologies that produce ratings generally consistent with those produced
by external rating agencies.
Credit Related Derivative Contracts
External credit ratings of the underlyings or referenced assets for
our written credit related derivative contracts:
May 31, 2025
External Credit Rating
$ in millions
Investment
Grade
Non-
investment
Grade
Total
Notional
Credit protection sold:
Index credit default swaps .....................
$63.2
$743.8
$807.0
November 30, 2024
External Credit Rating
$ in millions
Investment
Grade
Non-
investment
Grade
Total
Notional
Credit protection sold:
Index credit default swaps .....................
$395.2
$553.4
$948.6
Contingent Features
Certain of our derivative instruments contain provisions that
require our debt to maintain an investment grade credit rating
from each of the major credit rating agencies. If our debt were to
fall below investment grade, it would be in violation of these
provisions and the counterparties to the derivative instruments
could request immediate payment or demand immediate and
ongoing full overnight collateralization on our derivative
instruments in liability positions. The following table presents the
aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with such credit-
risk-related contingent features that are in a liability position, the
collateral amounts we have posted or received in the normal
course of business and the potential collateral we would have
been required to return and/or post additionally to our
counterparties if the credit-risk-related contingent features
underlying these agreements were triggered:
$ in millions
May 31,
2025
November 30,
2024
Derivative instrument liabilities with credit-risk-
related contingent features ....................................
$197.3
$102.3
Collateral posted ...........................................................
(105.6)
(50.6)
Collateral received ........................................................
297.8
296.1
Return of and additional collateral required in the
event of a credit rating downgrade below
investment grade (1) ...............................................
389.5
347.8
(1)These potential outflows include initial margin received from counterparties at
the execution of the derivative contract. The initial margin will be returned if
counterparties elect to terminate the contract after a downgrade.