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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED: March 31, 2020
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______________ TO _________________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-13447
ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Maryland | 22-3479661
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.)
1211 Avenue of the Americas |
New York, | New York | 10036
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(212) 696-0100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | NLY | New York Stock Exchange
7.50% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock | NLY.D | New York Stock Exchange
6.95% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock | NLY.F | New York Stock Exchange
6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock | NLY.G | New York Stock Exchange
6.75% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock | NLY.I | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☑ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on April 24, 2020 was 1,430,424,398.

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page
Item 1. Financial Statements | 1
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 (Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2019) | 1
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 | 2
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 | 3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 | 4
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 5
Note 1. Description of Business | 5
Note 2. Basis of Presentation | 5
Note 3. Significant Accounting Policies | 5
Note 4. Financial Instruments | 9
Note 5. Securities | 9
Note 6. Loans | 13
Note 7. Mortgage Servicing Rights | 22
Note 8. Variable Interest Entities | 22
Note 9. Real Estate | 27
Note 10. Derivative Instruments | 28
Note 11. Fair Value Measurements | 34
Note 12. Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 36
Note 13. Secured Financing | 37
Note 14. Capital Stock | 40
Note 15. Interest Income and Interest Expense | 41
Note 16. Net Income (Loss) per Common Share | 42
Note 17. Income Taxes | 43
Note 18. Risk Management | 43
Note 19. Related Party Transactions | 44
Note 20. Lease Commitments and Contingencies | 45
Note 21. Arcola Regulatory Requirements | 47
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 48
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements | 48
Overview | 50
Business Environment and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) | 50
Results of Operations | 54
Financial Condition | 61
Capital Management | 64
Risk Management | 66
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates | 75
Glossary of Terms | 77
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 85
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 85
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 86
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 86
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 87
Item 6. Exhibits | 87
SIGNATURES | 89

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 (1)
| (Unaudited) |  |
Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents (includes pledged assets of $989,509 and $1,648,545, respectively) (2) | $ | 2,823,521 |  |  | $ | 1,850,729 |
Securities (includes pledged assets of $75,801,662 and $108,809,569, respectively) (3) | 79,357,596 |  |  | 114,833,580 |
Loans, net (includes pledged assets of $3,285,295 and $3,240,583, respectively) (4) | 4,068,189 |  |  | 4,462,350 |
Mortgage servicing rights (includes pledged assets of $3,110 and $3,336, respectively) | 280,558 |  |  | 378,078 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | 7,671,662 |  |  | 7,002,460 |
Real estate, net | 751,738 |  |  | 725,638 |
Derivative assets | 238,776 |  |  | 113,556 |
Receivable for unsettled trades | 1,006,853 |  |  | 4,792 |
Principal and interest receivable | 335,170 |  |  | 449,906 |
Goodwill and intangible assets, net | 98,293 |  |  | 92,772 |
Other assets | 284,918 |  |  | 381,220 |
Total assets | $ | 96,917,274 |  |  | $ | 130,295,081 |
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | 101,740,728 |
Other secured financing | 1,805,428 |  |  | 4,455,700 |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | 6,364,949 |  |  | 5,622,801 |
Mortgages payable | 484,762 |  |  | 485,005 |
Derivative liabilities | 1,331,188 |  |  | 803,866 |
Payable for unsettled trades | 923,552 |  |  | 463,387 |
Interest payable | 261,304 |  |  | 476,335 |
Dividends payable | 357,606 |  |  | 357,527 |
Other liabilities | 100,772 |  |  | 93,388 |
Total liabilities | 84,209,744 |  |  | 114,498,737 |
Stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 85,150,000 authorized, 81,900,000 issued and outstanding | 1,982,026 |  |  | 1,982,026 |
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 2,914,850,000 authorized, 1,430,424,398 and 1,430,106,199 issued and outstanding, respectively | 14,304 |  |  | 14,301 |
Additional paid-in capital | 19,968,372 |  |  | 19,966,923 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 3,121,371 |  |  | 2,138,191 |
Accumulated deficit | (12,382,648 | ) |  | (8,309,424 | )
Total stockholders’ equity | 12,703,425 |  |  | 15,792,017 |
Noncontrolling interests | 4,105 |  |  | 4,327 |
Total equity | 12,707,530 |  |  | 15,796,344 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 96,917,274 |  |  | $ | 130,295,081 |

(1) | Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2019.

(2) | Includes cash of consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) of $74.1 million and $67.5 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

(3) | Excludes $127.7 million and $102.5 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of Agency mortgage-backed securities, $412.0 million and $468.0 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and $367.6 million and $500.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, of commercial mortgage-backed securities in consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral and eliminated from the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(4) | Includes $57.8 million and $66.7 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
1

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (dollars in thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)
| For The Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Net interest income |  |  |
Interest income | $ | 555,026 |  |  | $ | 866,186 |
Interest expense | 503,473 |  |  | 647,695 |
Net interest income | 51,553 |  |  | 218,491 |
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) |  |  |
Net interest component of interest rate swaps | (13,980 | ) |  | 134,035 |
Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps | (397,561 | ) |  | (588,256 | )
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps | (2,827,723 | ) |  | (390,556 | )
Subtotal | (3,239,264 | ) |  | (844,777 | )
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other | 206,583 |  |  | (93,916 | )
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives | 206,426 |  |  | (115,159 | )
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings | (730,160 | ) |  | 47,629 |
Loan loss provision | (99,326 | ) |  | (5,703 | )
Subtotal | (416,477 | ) |  | (167,149 | )
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | (3,655,741 | ) |  | (1,011,926 | )
Other income (loss) | 14,926 |  |  | 30,502 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  |
Compensation and management fee | 40,825 |  |  | 44,833 |
Other general and administrative expenses | 36,804 |  |  | 38,904 |
Total general and administrative expenses | 77,629 |  |  | 83,737 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (3,666,891 | ) |  | (846,670 | )
Income taxes | (26,702 | ) |  | 2,581 |
Net income (loss) | (3,640,189 | ) |  | (849,251 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly | (3,640,255 | ) |  | (849,150 | )
Dividends on preferred stock | 35,509 |  |  | 32,494 |
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders | $ | (3,675,764 | ) |  | $ | (881,644 | )
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Diluted | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |
Basic | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Diluted | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3,640,189 | ) |  | $ | (849,251 | )
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities | 1,374,796 |  |  | 1,599,398 |
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income (loss) | (391,616 | ) |  | 61,091 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 983,180 |  |  | 1,660,489 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | (2,657,009 | ) |  | 811,238 |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Annaly | (2,657,075 | ) |  | 811,339 |
Dividends on preferred stock | 35,509 |  |  | 32,494 |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | (2,692,584 | ) |  | $ | 778,845 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements. |  |  |

2

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in thousands) (Unaudited)
|  | For The Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2020 |  | 2019
Preferred stock |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | $ | 1,982,026 |  |  | $ | 1,778,168 |
End of period |  | $ | 1,982,026 |  |  | $ | 1,778,168 |
Common stock |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | $ | 14,301 |  |  | $ | 13,138 |
Stock-based award activity |  | 3 |  |  | — |
Issuance |  | — |  |  | 1,342 |
Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment |  | — |  |  | 1 |
End of period |  | $ | 14,304 |  |  | $ | 14,481 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | $ | 19,966,923 |  |  | $ | 18,794,331 |
Stock-based award activity |  | 1,449 |  |  | 178 |
Issuance |  | — |  |  | 1,317,475 |
Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment |  | — |  |  | 891 |
End of period |  | $ | 19,968,372 |  |  | $ | 20,112,875 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | $ | 2,138,191 |  |  | $ | (1,979,865 | )
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities |  | 1,374,796 |  |  | 1,599,398 |
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (loss) |  | (391,616 | ) |  | 61,091 |
End of period |  | $ | 3,121,371 |  |  | $ | (319,376 | )
Accumulated deficit |  |  |  |
Beginning of period - unadjusted |  | $ | (8,309,424 | ) |  | $ | (4,493,660 | )
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle for credit losses |  | (39,641 | ) |  | — |
Beginning of period - adjusted |  | (8,349,065 | ) |  | (4,493,660 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly |  | (3,640,255 | ) |  | (849,150 | )
Dividends declared on preferred stock (1) |  | (35,509 | ) |  | (32,494 | )
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and stock-based awards (1) |  | (357,819 | ) |  | (434,627 | )
End of period |  | $ | (12,382,648 | ) |  | $ | (5,809,931 | )
Total stockholder’s equity |  | $ | 12,703,425 |  |  | $ | 15,776,217 |
Noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | $ | 4,327 |  |  | $ | 5,689 |
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Equity contributions from (distributions to) noncontrolling interests |  | (288 | ) |  | (361 | )
End of period |  | $ | 4,105 |  |  | $ | 5,227 |
Total equity |  | $ | 12,707,530 |  |  | $ | 15,781,444 |
(1) See Note titled “Capital Stock” for dividends per share for each class of shares.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
3

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
| For The Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3,640,189 | ) |  | $ | (849,251 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  |  |
Amortization of premiums and discounts of investments, net | 618,800 |  |  | 246,150 |
Amortization of securitized debt premiums and discounts and deferred financing costs | (2,881 | ) |  | (3,627 | )
Depreciation, amortization and other noncash expenses | 7,684 |  |  | 7,072 |
Net (gains) losses on disposal of investments and other | (206,583 | ) |  | 93,916 |
Net (gains) losses on investments and derivatives | 3,749,018 |  |  | 458,086 |
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures | (370 | ) |  | 1,960 |
Loan loss provision | 99,326 |  |  | 5,703 |
Payments on purchases of loans held for sale | (54,820 | ) |  | (49,070 | )
Proceeds from sales and repayments of loans held for sale | 61,664 |  |  | 44,817 |
Net receipts (payments) on derivatives | (2,680,933 | ) |  | (633,221 | )
Net change in |  |  |
Other assets | 105,636 |  |  | (107,040 | )
Interest receivable | 115,341 |  |  | (29,491 | )
Interest payable | (215,030 | ) |  | (146,537 | )
Other liabilities | 20,075 |  |  | 18,436 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (2,023,262 | ) |  | (942,097 | )
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |
Payments on purchases of securities | (11,526,904 | ) |  | (18,472,733 | )
Proceeds from sales of securities | 41,132,114 |  |  | 7,863,347 |
Principal payments on securities | 4,900,580 |  |  | 2,386,243 |
Payments on purchases and origination of loans | (1,148,574 | ) |  | (664,002 | )
Proceeds from sales of loans | 271,007 |  |  | 179,112 |
Principal payments on loans | 471,384 |  |  | 676,499 |
Investments in real estate | (1,159 | ) |  | (5,950 | )
Proceeds from sales of real estate | — |  |  | 6,661 |
Proceeds from reverse repurchase agreements | 27,150,000 |  |  | 28,107,306 |
Payments on reverse repurchase agreements | (27,150,000 | ) |  | (27,980,715 | )
Distributions in excess of cumulative earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures | 6,017 |  |  | 241 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 34,104,465 |  |  | (7,903,991 | )
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |
Proceeds from repurchase agreements and other secured financing | 1,126,771,986 |  |  | 1,411,469,975 |
Payments on repurchase agreements and other secured financing | (1,158,603,746 | ) |  | (1,404,070,367 | )
Proceeds from issuances of securitized debt | 1,394,065 |  |  | 905,265 |
Principal payments on securitized debt | (276,551 | ) |  | (561,955 | )
Payment of deferred financing cost | — |  |  | (1,781 | )
Net proceeds from stock offerings, direct purchases and dividend reinvestments | — |  |  | 1,319,709 |
Principal payments on mortgages payable | (811 | ) |  | (722 | )
Net contributions (distributions) from (to) noncontrolling interests | (288 | ) |  | (361 | )
Dividends paid | (393,066 | ) |  | (426,819 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (31,108,411 | ) |  | 8,632,944 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 972,792 |  |  | $ | (213,144 | )
Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, beginning of period | 1,850,729 |  |  | 1,539,746 |
Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, end of period | $ | 2,823,521 |  |  | $ | 1,326,602 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |  |  |  |  |
Interest received | $ | 1,260,159 |  |  | $ | 1,079,294 |
Dividends received | $ | 2,116 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |
Interest paid (excluding interest paid on interest rate swaps) | $ | 575,973 |  |  | $ | 633,805 |
Net interest paid on interest rate swaps | $ | 171,965 |  |  | $ | 34,663 |
Taxes received (paid) | $ | 52 |  |  | $ | (30 | )
Noncash investing activities |  |  |  |  |
Receivable for unsettled trades | $ | 1,006,853 |  |  | $ | 1,574,251 |
Payable for unsettled trades | $ | 923,552 |  |  | $ | 4,763,376 |
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment | $ | 983,180 |  |  | $ | 1,660,489 |
Noncash financing activities |  |  |  |  |
Dividends declared, not yet paid | $ | 357,606 |  |  | $ | 434,431 |

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
4

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Annaly Capital Management, Inc. (the “Company” or “Annaly”) is a Maryland corporation that commenced operations on February 18, 1997. The Company is a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. The Company owns a portfolio of real estate related investments, including mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations, credit risk transfer (“CRT”) securities, other securities representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans, mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), commercial real estate assets and corporate debt. The Company’s principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to its stockholders and optimize its returns through prudent management of its diversified investment strategies. Until the closing of the Internalization (as defined in Note 19), the Company will continue to be externally managed by Annaly Management Company LLC (the “Manager”).
The Company’s four investment groups are primarily comprised of the following:

Investment Groups | Description
Annaly Agency Group | Invests in Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) collateralized by residential mortgages which are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Annaly Residential Credit Group | Invests primarily in non-Agency residential mortgage assets within securitized products and residential mortgage loan markets.
Annaly Commercial Real Estate Group | Originates and invests in commercial mortgage loans, securities, and other commercial real estate debt and equity investments.
Annaly Middle Market Lending Group | Provides debt financing to private equity-backed middle market businesses across the capital structure.

The Company has elected to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) as defined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Code”).

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (the “2019 Form 10-K”). The consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2019 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balance sheet amounts and/or disclosures at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments have been included for a fair presentation of this interim financial information. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described below or are included elsewhere in these notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the entities where the Company has a controlling financial interest. In order to determine whether the Company has a controlling financial interest, it first evaluates whether an entity is a voting interest entity (“VOE”) or a variable interest entity (“VIE”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Voting Interest Entities – A VOE is an entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest. The Company consolidates VOEs where it has a majority of the voting equity of such VOE.
5

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Variable Interest Entities – A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party that has both (i) the power to control the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE causes the Company’s consolidation conclusion to change. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information.
Equity Method Investments - For entities that are not consolidated, but where the Company has significant influence over the operating or financial decisions of the entity, the Company accounts for the investment under the equity method of accounting. In accordance with the equity method of accounting, the Company will recognize its share of earnings or losses of the investee in the period in which they are reported by the investee. The Company also considers whether there are any indicators of other-than-temporary impairment of joint ventures accounted for under the equity method. These investments are included in real estate, net and Other assets with income or loss included in Other income (loss).
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in money market funds on an overnight basis and cash pledged as collateral with counterparties. Cash deposited with clearing organizations is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations and collateral held in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to the Company’s interest rate swaps and other derivatives totaled $1.0 billion and $1.6 billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Equity Securities – The Company may invest in equity securities that are not accounted for under the equity method or do not result in consolidation. These equity securities are required to be reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings, unless the securities do not have readily determinable fair values. For such equity securities without readily determinable fair values, the Company has elected to carry the securities at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. For equity securities carried at fair value through earnings, dividends are recorded in earnings on the declaration date. Dividends from equity securities without readily determinable fair values are recognized as income when received to the extent they are distributed from net accumulated earnings.
Fair Value Measurements and the Fair Value Option – The Company reports various investments at fair value, including certain eligible financial instruments elected to be accounted for under the fair value option (“FVO”). The Company chooses to elect the fair value option in order to simplify the accounting treatment for certain financial instruments. Items for which the fair value option has been elected are presented at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and any change in fair value is recorded in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). For additional information regarding financial instruments for which the Company has elected the fair value option see the table in the “Financial Instruments” Note.
Refer to the “Fair Value Measurements” Note for a complete discussion on the methodology utilized by the Company to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments.
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities - The Company elected to present all derivative instruments on a gross basis as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note. Reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition if they are subject to netting agreements and they meet the offsetting criteria. Please see below and refer to the “Secured Financing” Note for further discussion on reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements.
Derivative Instruments – Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for further discussion.
Stock-Based Compensation – The Company measures compensation expense for stock-based awards at fair value, which is generally based on the grant-date fair value of the Company’s common stock. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting or requisite service period of the award. Compensation expense for awards with performance conditions is recognized based on the probable outcome of the performance condition at each reporting date. Stock-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Forfeitures are recorded when they occur. The Company generally issues new shares of common stock upon delivery of stock-based awards.
6

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Interest Income - The Company recognizes interest income primarily on Residential securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial investments and reverse repurchase agreements. Interest accrued but not paid is recognized as Interest receivable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Interest income is presented as a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Refer to the “Interest Income and Interest Expense” note for further discussion.
For its securities, the Company recognizes coupon income, which is a component of interest income, based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the financial instruments and their contractual terms. In addition, the Company amortizes or accretes premiums or discounts into interest income for its Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than interest-only securities, multifamily and reverse mortgages), taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield. The Company recalculates the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date, which results in a cumulative premium amortization adjustment in each period. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.
Premiums or discounts associated with the purchase of Agency interest-only securities, reverse mortgages and residential credit securities are amortized or accreted into interest income based upon current expected future cash flows with any adjustment to yield made on a prospective basis.
Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of residential mortgage loans and with those transferred or pledged to securitization trusts are primarily amortized or accreted into interest income over their estimated remaining lives using the effective interest rates inherent in the estimated cash flows from the mortgage loans. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are presented in Interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
If collection of a loan’s principal or interest is in doubt or the loan is 90 days or more past due, interest income is not accrued. For nonaccrual status loans carried at fair value or held for sale, interest is not accrued but is recognized on a cash basis. For nonaccrual status loans carried at amortized cost, if collection of principal is not in doubt but collection of interest is in doubt, interest income is recognized on a cash basis. If collection of principal is in doubt, any interest received is applied against principal until collectability of the remaining balance is no longer in doubt; at that point, any interest income is recognized on a cash basis. Generally, a loan is returned to accrual status when the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual obligation, if all principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time and there is a sustained period of repayment performance by the borrower. See the Note “Interest Income and Interest Expense” for further discussion on interest.
If interest receivable is deemed to be uncollectible or not collected within 90 days of its contractual due date for commercial loans or 120 days for corporate debt carried at amortized cost, it is written off through a reversal of interest income. Any interest written off that is recovered is recognized as interest income.
Refer to the “Interest Income and Interest Expense” Note for further discussion of interest income.
Income Taxes – The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT and intends to comply with the provisions of the Code, with respect thereto. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon its taxable income. Refer to the “Income Taxes” Note for further discussion on income taxes.
7

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”). ASUs not listed below were not applicable, not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements when adopted or did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Standard | Description | Effective Date | Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Standards that were adopted
ASU 2016-13 Financial instruments - Credit losses (Topic 326): Measurement of credit losses on financial instruments (“ASU 2016-13”) | This ASU updates the existing incurred loss model to a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model for financial assets and net investments in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through earnings. The amendments affect cash and cash equivalents, reverse repurchase agreements, certain loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope. There are also limited amendments to the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. | January 1, 2020 | The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets and off-balance-sheet credit exposures in scope. The modified retrospective approach requires an adjustment to beginning retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting the standard. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2020 are presented in accordance with ASU 2016-13, while prior periods continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP. As a result of the adoption, the Company recorded an increase to the loan loss allowance of $37.4 million and a liability of $2.2 million for unfunded loan commitments, which reduced beginning retained earnings by $39.6 million as of January 1, 2020.

8

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

4. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following table presents characteristics for certain of the Company’s financial instruments at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Financial Instruments (1)
Balance Sheet Line Item | Type / Form | Measurement Basis | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Assets | (dollars in thousands) |  |  |
Securities | Agency mortgage-backed securities (2) | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income | $ | 77,869,157 |  |  | $ | 112,124,958 |
Securities | Agency mortgage-backed securities (3) | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 587,689 |  |  | 768,409 |
Securities | Credit risk transfer securities | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 222,871 |  |  | 531,322 |
Securities | Non-agency mortgage-backed securities | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 585,954 |  |  | 1,135,868 |
Securities | Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income | 50,745 |  |  | 64,655 |
Securities | Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS (4) | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 41,180 |  |  | 208,368 |
Total securities |  |  | 79,357,596 |  |  | 114,833,580 |
Loans, net | Residential mortgage loans | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 1,268,083 |  |  | 1,647,787 |
Loans, net | Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment | Amortized cost | 649,843 |  |  | 669,713 |
Loans, net | Corporate debt held for investment, net | Amortized cost | 2,150,263 |  |  | 2,144,850 |
Total loans, net |  |  | 4,068,189 |  |  | 4,462,350 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | Agency mortgage-backed securities | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income | 1,803,608 |  |  | 1,122,588 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | Residential mortgage loans | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 3,027,188 |  |  | 2,598,374 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | Commercial mortgage loans | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 1,927,575 |  |  | 2,345,120 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | Commercial mortgage loans | Amortized cost | 913,291 |  |  | 936,378 |
Total assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles |  | 7,671,662 |  |  | 7,002,460 |
| Liabilities |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements | Repurchase agreements | Amortized cost | 72,580,183 |  |  | 101,740,728 |
Other secured financing | Loans | Amortized cost | 1,805,428 |  |  | 4,455,700 |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | Securities | Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings | 6,364,949 |  |  | 5,622,801 |
Mortgages payable | Loans | Amortized cost | 484,762 |  |  | 485,005 |
(1) Receivable for unsettled trades, Principal and interest receivable, Payable for unsettled trades, Interest payable and Dividends payable are accounted for at cost. (2) Includes Agency pass-through, collateralized mortgage obligation (“CMO”) and multifamily securities. (3) Includes interest-only securities and reverse mortgages. (4) Includes conduit and credit CMBS.

5. SECURITIES

The Company’s investments in securities include agency, credit risk transfer, non-agency and commercial mortgage-backed securities. All of the debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale debt securities are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income, unless the fair value option is elected in which case changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Transactions for securities are recorded on trade date, including TBA securities that meet the regular-way securities scope exception from derivative accounting. Gains and losses on disposals of securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.
Impairment – Management evaluates available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity debt securities for impairment at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. When the fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than its amortized cost, the security is considered impaired. For securities that are impaired, the Company determines if it (1) has the intent to sell the security, (2) is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before
9

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (3) does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. Further, the security is analyzed for credit loss (the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis). The credit loss, if any, will then be recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as a Securities Loss Provision and reflected as an Allowance for Credit Losses on Securities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, while the balance of losses related to other factors will be recognized as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss). There was no impairment recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations and other MBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential or multifamily mortgage loans and certificates. Many of the underlying loans and certificates are guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) or the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) (collectively, “Agency mortgage-backed securities”).
Agency mortgage-backed securities may include forward contracts for Agency mortgage-backed securities purchases or sales of a generic pool, on a to-be-announced basis (“TBA securities”). TBA securities without intent to accept delivery (“TBA derivatives”), are accounted for as derivatives as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note.
CRT Securities - CRT securities are risk sharing instruments issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. CRT securities are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to private investors.
Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in non-Agency mortgage-backed securities such as those issued in prime loan, Alt-A loan, subprime loan, non-performing loan (“NPL”) and re-performing loan (“RPL”) securitizations.
Agency mortgage-backed securities, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities are referred to herein as “Residential Securities.” Although the Company generally intends to hold most of its Residential Securities until maturity, it may, from time to time, sell any of its Residential Securities as part of the overall management of its portfolio.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“Commercial Securities”) - Certain commercial mortgage-backed securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with any credit loss recognized through an allowance for credit losses and any other unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss). Management evaluates its Commercial Securities for impairment at least quarterly. The Company elected the fair value option for all other Commercial Securities, including conduit and credit commercial mortgage-backed securities, to simplify the accounting where the unrealized gains and losses on these financial instruments are recorded through earnings.
The following represents a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

| Residential Securities |  | Commercial Securities |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2020 | $ | 114,560,557 |  |  | $ | 273,023 |  |  | $ | 114,833,580 |
Purchases | 11,925,383 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,925,383 |
Sales and transfers (1) | (42,179,748 | ) |  | (153,709 | ) |  | (42,333,457 | )
Principal paydowns | (4,885,921 | ) |  | (4,933 | ) |  | (4,890,854 | )
(Amortization) / accretion | (616,974 | ) |  | 127 |  |  | (616,847 | )
Fair value adjustment | 462,374 |  |  | (22,583 | ) |  | 439,791 |
Ending balance March 31, 2020 | $ | 79,265,671 |  |  | $ | 91,925 |  |  | $ | 79,357,596 |
(1) Includes transfers to securitization vehicles.

10

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following tables present the Company’s securities portfolio, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, that was carried at their fair value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

| March 31, 2020
| Principal / Notional |  | Remaining Premium |  | Remaining Discount |  | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Agency | (dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through | $ | 69,788,774 |  |  | $ | 3,167,897 |  |  | $ | (27,245 | ) |  | $ | 72,929,426 |  |  | $ | 2,798,718 |  |  | $ | (234 | ) |  | $ | 75,727,910 |
Adjustable-rate pass-through | 609,737 |  |  | 9,043 |  |  | (2,404 | ) |  | 616,376 |  |  | 16,817 |  |  | (1,757 | ) |  | 631,436 |
CMO | 153,405 |  |  | 2,436 |  |  | — |  |  | 155,841 |  |  | 4,749 |  |  | — |  |  | 160,590 |
Interest-only | 3,593,033 |  |  | 684,208 |  |  | — |  |  | 684,208 |  |  | 3,170 |  |  | (157,742 | ) |  | 529,636 |
Multifamily | 1,266,927 |  |  | 17,490 |  |  | (1,133 | ) |  | 1,283,284 |  |  | 67,345 |  |  | (1,408 | ) |  | 1,349,221 |
Reverse mortgages | 53,739 |  |  | 4,828 |  |  | — |  |  | 58,567 |  |  | 18 |  |  | (532 | ) |  | 58,053 |
Total agency securities | $ | 75,465,615 |  |  | $ | 3,885,902 |  |  | $ | (30,782 | ) |  | $ | 75,727,702 |  |  | $ | 2,890,817 |  |  | $ | (161,673 | ) |  | $ | 78,456,846 |
Residential credit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRT (1) | $ | 470,229 |  |  | $ | 10,811 |  |  | $ | (1,325 | ) |  | $ | 464,790 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (241,919 | ) |  | $ | 222,871 |
Alt-A | 108,312 |  |  | 52 |  |  | (20,861 | ) |  | 87,503 |  |  | 723 |  |  | (11,966 | ) |  | 76,260 |
Prime | 230,056 |  |  | 4,451 |  |  | (15,780 | ) |  | 218,727 |  |  | 3,008 |  |  | (13,099 | ) |  | 208,636 |
Prime interest-only | 332,185 |  |  | 3,387 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,387 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,114 | ) |  | 2,273 |
Subprime | 160,887 |  |  | 100 |  |  | (25,138 | ) |  | 135,849 |  |  | 1,125 |  |  | (7,931 | ) |  | 129,043 |
NPL/RPL | 132,603 |  |  | 321 |  |  | (352 | ) |  | 132,572 |  |  | — |  |  | (26,489 | ) |  | 106,083 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) | 65,787 |  |  | — |  |  | (4,200 | ) |  | 61,587 |  |  | 532 |  |  | (3,454 | ) |  | 58,665 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only | 512,838 |  |  | 8,563 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,563 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,569 | ) |  | 4,994 |
Total residential credit securities | $ | 2,012,897 |  |  | $ | 27,685 |  |  | $ | (67,656 | ) |  | $ | 1,112,978 |  |  | $ | 5,388 |  |  | $ | (309,541 | ) |  | $ | 808,825 |
Total Residential Securities | $ | 77,478,512 |  |  | $ | 3,913,587 |  |  | $ | (98,438 | ) |  | $ | 76,840,680 |  |  | $ | 2,896,205 |  |  | $ | (471,214 | ) |  | $ | 79,265,671 |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial Securities | $ | 114,552 |  |  | $ | 280 |  |  | $ | (7,902 | ) |  | $ | 106,930 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (15,005 | ) |  | $ | 91,925 |
Total securities | $ | 77,593,064 |  |  | $ | 3,913,867 |  |  | $ | (106,340 | ) |  | $ | 76,947,610 |  |  | $ | 2,896,205 |  |  | $ | (486,219 | ) |  | $ | 79,357,596 |
| December 31, 2019
| Principal / Notional |  | Remaining Premium |  | Remaining Discount |  | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Agency | (dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through | $ | 102,448,565 |  |  | $ | 4,345,053 |  |  | $ | (46,614 | ) |  | $ | 106,747,004 |  |  | $ | 2,071,583 |  |  | $ | (95,173 | ) |  | $ | 108,723,414 |
Adjustable-rate pass-through | 1,474,818 |  |  | 72,245 |  |  | (1,400 | ) |  | 1,545,663 |  |  | 10,184 |  |  | (31,516 | ) |  | 1,524,331 |
CMO | 156,937 |  |  | 2,534 |  |  | — |  |  | 159,471 |  |  | 545 |  |  | — |  |  | 160,016 |
Interest-only | 4,486,845 |  |  | 862,905 |  |  | — |  |  | 862,905 |  |  | 2,787 |  |  | (157,130 | ) |  | 708,562 |
Multifamily | 1,619,900 |  |  | 19,981 |  |  | (2,280 | ) |  | 1,637,601 |  |  | 82,292 |  |  | (2,696 | ) |  | 1,717,197 |
Reverse mortgages | 54,553 |  |  | 5,053 |  |  | — |  |  | 59,606 |  |  | 550 |  |  | (309 | ) |  | 59,847 |
Total agency investments | $ | 110,241,618 |  |  | $ | 5,307,771 |  |  | $ | (50,294 | ) |  | $ | 111,012,250 |  |  | $ | 2,167,941 |  |  | $ | (286,824 | ) |  | $ | 112,893,367 |
Residential credit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CRT (1) | $ | 517,110 |  |  | $ | 15,850 |  |  | $ | (2,085 | ) |  | $ | 515,950 |  |  | $ | 16,605 |  |  | $ | (1,233 | ) |  | $ | 531,322 |
Alt-A | 160,957 |  |  | 250 |  |  | (22,306 | ) |  | 138,901 |  |  | 12,482 |  |  | — |  |  | 151,383 |
Prime | 277,076 |  |  | 3,362 |  |  | (17,794 | ) |  | 262,644 |  |  | 14,142 |  |  | (529 | ) |  | 276,257 |
Prime interest-only | 391,234 |  |  | 3,757 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,757 |  |  | — |  |  | (590 | ) |  | 3,167 |
Subprime | 370,263 |  |  | 1,356 |  |  | (59,727 | ) |  | 311,892 |  |  | 37,205 |  |  | (118 | ) |  | 348,979 |
NPL/RPL | 164,180 |  |  | 351 |  |  | (440 | ) |  | 164,091 |  |  | 191 |  |  | (14 | ) |  | 164,268 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) | 182,709 |  |  | 1,026 |  |  | (4,281 | ) |  | 179,454 |  |  | 5,360 |  |  | (150 | ) |  | 184,664 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only | 554,189 |  |  | 9,001 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,001 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,851 | ) |  | 7,150 |
Total residential credit securities | $ | 2,617,718 |  |  | $ | 34,953 |  |  | $ | (106,633 | ) |  | $ | 1,585,690 |  |  | $ | 85,985 |  |  | $ | (4,485 | ) |  | $ | 1,667,190 |
Total Residential Securities | $ | 112,859,336 |  |  | $ | 5,342,724 |  |  | $ | (156,927 | ) |  | $ | 112,597,940 |  |  | $ | 2,253,926 |  |  | $ | (291,309 | ) |  | $ | 114,560,557 |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial Securities | $ | 263,965 |  |  | $ | 10,873 |  |  | $ | (9,393 | ) |  | $ | 265,445 |  |  | $ | 7,710 |  |  | $ | (132 | ) |  | $ | 273,023 |
Total securities | $ | 113,123,301 |  |  | $ | 5,353,597 |  |  | $ | (166,320 | ) |  | $ | 112,863,385 |  |  | $ | 2,261,636 |  |  | $ | (291,441 | ) |  | $ | 114,833,580 |

(1) | Principal/Notional amount includes $14.9 million of a CRT interest-only security as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

11

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following table presents the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, by issuing Agency at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Investment Type | (dollars in thousands)
Fannie Mae | $ | 53,793,047 |  |  | $ | 76,656,831 |
Freddie Mac | 24,524,333 |  |  | 36,087,100 |
Ginnie Mae | 139,466 |  |  | 149,436 |
Total | $ | 78,456,846 |  |  | $ | 112,893,367 |

Actual maturities of the Company’s Residential Securities are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities because actual maturities of the portfolio are affected by periodic payments and prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgages.
The following table summarizes the Company’s Residential Securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, according to their estimated weighted average life classifications:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost
Estimated weighted average life | (dollars in thousands)
Less than one year | $ | 11,969 |  |  | $ | 12,185 |  |  | $ | 3,997 |  |  | $ | 4,543 |
Greater than one year through five years | 58,521,294 |  |  | 56,615,526 |  |  | 36,290,254 |  |  | 35,581,833 |
Greater than five years through ten years | 20,265,852 |  |  | 19,706,235 |  |  | 77,732,756 |  |  | 76,504,845 |
Greater than ten years | 466,556 |  |  | 506,734 |  |  | 533,550 |  |  | 506,719 |
Total | $ | 79,265,671 |  |  | $ | 76,840,680 |  |  | $ | 114,560,557 |  |  | $ | 112,597,940 |

The estimated weighted average lives of the Residential Securities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 in the table above are based upon projected principal prepayment rates. The actual weighted average lives of the Residential Securities could be longer or shorter than projected.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities, accounted for as available-for-sale where the fair value option has not been elected, by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Estimated Fair Value (1) |  | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) |  | Number of Securities (1) |  | Estimated Fair Value (1) |  | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) |  | Number of Securities (1)
| (dollars in thousands)
Less than 12 months | $ | 167,223 |  |  | $ | (1,666 | ) |  | 12 |  |  | $ | 7,388,239 |  |  | $ | (24,056 | ) |  | 139 |
12 Months or more | 122,974 |  |  | (1,733 | ) |  | 10 |  |  | 11,619,280 |  |  | (105,329 | ) |  | 352 |
Total | $ | 290,197 |  |  | $ | (3,399 | ) |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 19,007,519 |  |  | $ | (129,385 | ) |  | 491 |
(1) Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities and reverse mortgages.

The decline in value of these securities is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets. Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating. The investments are not considered to be impaired because the Company currently has the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity.
12

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company disposed of $41.9 billion and $10.5 billion of Residential Securities. The following table presents the Company’s net gains (losses) from the disposal of Residential Securities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Gross Realized Gains |  | Gross Realized Losses |  | Net Realized Gains (Losses) |  | Gross Realized Gains |  | Gross Realized Losses |  | Net Realized Gains (Losses)
| (dollars in thousands)
Residential Securities | $ | 539,255 |  |  | $ | (271,998 | ) |  | $ | 267,257 |  |  | $ | 2,526 |  |  | $ | (95,040 | ) |  | $ | (92,514 | )

6. LOANS

The Company invests in residential, commercial and corporate loans. Loans are classified as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans are also eligible to be accounted for under the fair value option. Excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company reported $1.3 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, of loans for which the fair value option was elected. If loans are held for investment and the fair value option has not been elected, they are accounted for at amortized cost less impairment. If the Company intends to sell or securitize the loans and the securitization vehicle is not expected to be consolidated, the loans are classified as held for sale. If loans are held for sale and the fair value option was not elected, they are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. Any origination fees and costs or purchase premiums or discounts are deferred and recognized upon sale. The Company determines the fair value of loans held for sale on an individual loan basis.
Allowance for Losses – The Company evaluates the need for a loss reserve on each of its loans classified as held-for-investment where the fair value option is not elected. Allowance for loan losses are written off in the period the loans are deemed uncollectible.
Given the unique nature of each underlying borrower and any collateral, the Company assesses an allowance for each individual loan held-for-investment. A provision is established at origination or acquisition that reflects management’s estimate of the total expected credit loss over the expected life of the loan. In estimating the lifetime expected credit losses, management utilizes a probability of default and loss given default methodology (“Loss given default methodology”), which considers projected economic conditions over the reasonable and supportable forecast period. The forecast incorporates primarily market-based assumptions including, but not limited to, forward interest rate curves, unemployment rate estimates and certain indexes sourced from third party vendors. For any remaining period of the expected life of the loan after the reasonable and supportable period, the Company reverts to historical losses on a straight-line basis. Management uses third-party vendors’ loan pool data for loans with similar risk characteristics to estimate historical losses given the limited loss history of the Company’s loan portfolio. Changes in the lifetime expected credit loss are reflected in Loan loss provision in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
For loans experiencing credit deterioration, the Company may use a different methodology to determine the expected credit losses such as a discounted cash flow analysis. For collateral-dependent loans, if foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for any selling costs, if applicable. Additionally, the Company may elect the practical expedient for a financial asset for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty by measuring the allowance as the difference between the fair value of the collateral, less costs to sell, if applicable, and the amortized cost basis of the financial asset at the reporting date. The Company’s commercial loans are collateralized by commercial real estate including, but not limited to, multifamily real estate, office and retail space, hotels and industrial space. At origination, the fair value of the collateral generally exceeds the principal loan balance.
Management assesses the credit quality of the portfolio and adequacy of loan loss reserves on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary. Significant judgment is required in this analysis. Depending on the expected recovery of its investment, the Company considers the estimated net recoverable value of the loans as well as other factors, including but not limited to the fair value of any collateral, the amount and the status of any senior debt, the prospects for the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business. To determine if loan loss allowances are required on investments in corporate debt, the Company reviews the monthly and/or quarterly financial statements of the borrowers, verifies loan compliance packages, if applicable, and analyzes current results relative to budgets and sensitivities performed at inception of the investment. Because these determinations are based upon projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amounts ultimately realized may differ materially from the carrying value as of the reporting date.
The Company may be exposed to various levels of credit risk depending on the nature of its investments and credit enhancements, if any, supporting its assets. The Company’s core investment process includes procedures related to the initial approval and periodic monitoring of credit risk and other risks associated with each investment. The Company’s investment underwriting procedures
13

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
include evaluation of the underlying borrowers’ ability to manage and operate their respective properties or companies. Management reviews loan-to-value metrics at origination or acquisition of a new investment and if events occur that trigger re-evaluation by management.
The Company recorded loan loss provisions of $99.3 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s loan loss provision was $137.9 million million and $20.1 million, respectively.
The following table presents the activity of the Company’s loan investments, including loans held for sale and excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

| Residential |  | Commercial |  | Corporate Debt |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2020 | $ | 1,647,787 |  |  | $ | 669,713 |  |  | $ | 2,144,850 |  |  | $ | 4,462,350 |
Impact of adopting CECL | — |  |  | (3,600 | ) |  | (29,653 | ) |  | (33,253 | )
Purchases / originations | 642,795 |  |  | 173,517 |  |  | 387,082 |  |  | 1,203,394 |
Sales and transfers (1) | (922,773 | ) |  | (95,730 | ) |  | (275,845 | ) |  | (1,294,348 | )
Principal payments | (41,732 | ) |  | (38,425 | ) |  | (54,465 | ) |  | (134,622 | )
Gains / (losses) (2) | (56,082 | ) |  | (56,475 | ) |  | (24,026 | ) |  | (136,583 | )
(Amortization) / accretion | (1,912 | ) |  | 843 |  |  | 2,320 |  |  | 1,251 |
Ending balance March 31, 2020 | $ | 1,268,083 |  |  | $ | 649,843 |  |  | $ | 2,150,263 |  |  | $ | 4,068,189 |
(1) Includes securitizations, syndications and transfers to securitization vehicles.
(2) Includes loan loss allowances.

The carrying value of the Company’s residential loans held for sale was $57.8 million and $66.7 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were no commercial loans held for sale at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The Company also has off-balance-sheet credit exposures related to unfunded loan commitments, including revolvers, delayed draw term loans and future funding commitments that are not unconditionally cancelable by the Company. The Company utilizes the same methodology in calculating the liability related to the expected credit losses on these exposures as it does for the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. In determining the estimate of credit losses for off-balance-sheet credit exposures, the Company will consider the contractual period in which the entity is exposed to credit risk and the likelihood that funding will occur, if material.
Residential
The Company’s residential mortgage loans are primarily comprised of performing adjustable-rate and fixed-rate whole loans. The Company’s residential loans are accounted for under the fair value option with changes in fair value reflected in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Statements of Comprehensive Income. Additionally, the Company consolidates a collateralized financing entity that securitized prime adjustable-rate jumbo residential mortgage loans. The Company also consolidates securitization trusts in which it had purchased subordinated securities because it also has certain powers and rights to direct the activities of such trusts. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information related to the Company’s consolidated residential mortgage loan trusts.
The following table presents the fair value and the unpaid principal balances of the residential mortgage loan portfolio, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

| March 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Fair value | $ | 4,295,271 |  | $ | 4,246,161 |
Unpaid principal balance | $ | 4,372,834 |  | $ | 4,133,149 |

The following table provides information regarding the line items and amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 for these investments:
14

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

| For the Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Interest income | $ | 47,557 |  |  | $ | 29,991 |
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other | (12,000 | ) |  | (5,223 | )
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings | (192,763 | ) |  | 17,821 |
Total included in net income (loss) | $ | (157,206 | ) |  | $ | 42,589 |

The following table provides the geographic concentrations based on the unpaid principal balances at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 for the residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles:

Geographic Concentrations of Residential Mortgage Loans
March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Property location | % of Balance |  | Property location | % of Balance
California | 51.5% |  | California | 52.1%
New York | 10.9% |  | New York | 10.5%
Florida | 5.3% |  | Florida | 5.3%
All other (none individually greater than 5%) | 32.3% |  | All other (none individually greater than 5%) | 32.1%
Total | 100.0% |  |  | 100.0%

The following table provides additional data on the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Portfolio Range | Portfolio Weighted Average |  | Portfolio Range | Portfolio Weighted Average
| (dollars in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance | $0 - $3,448 |  | $451 |  | $1 - $3,448 |  | $459
Interest rate | 2.00% - 8.75% |  | 4.89% |  | 2.00% - 8.38% |  | 4.94%
Maturity | 1/1/2028 - 2/1/2060 |  | 4/12/2048 |  | 1/1/2028 - 12/1/2059 |  | 12/29/2047
FICO score at loan origination | 505 - 829 |  | 759 |  | 505 - 829 |  | 758
Loan-to-value ratio at loan origination | 8% - 105% |  | 67% |  | 8% - 105% |  | 67%

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, approximately 33% and 36%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, were adjustable-rate.
Commercial
The Company’s commercial real estate loans are comprised of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans. The difference between the principal amount of a loan and proceeds at acquisition is recorded as either a discount or premium. Commercial real estate loans and preferred equity interests that are designated as held for investment and are originated or purchased by the Company are carried at their outstanding principal balance, net of unamortized origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts, less an allowance for losses, if necessary. Origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts are amortized into interest income over the life of the loan.
Management generally reviews the most recent financial information produced by the borrower, which may include, but is not limited to, net operating income (“NOI”), debt service coverage ratios, property debt yields (net cash flow or NOI divided by the amount of outstanding indebtedness), loan per unit and rent rolls relating to each of the Company’s commercial real estate loans and preferred equity interests (“CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments”), and may consider other factors management deems important. Management also reviews market pricing to determine each borrower’s ability to refinance their respective assets at the maturity of each loan, economic trends (both macro and those affecting the property specifically), and the supply and demand of competing projects in the sub-market in which each subject property is located. Management monitors the financial condition and operating results of its borrowers and continually assesses the future outlook of the borrower’s financial performance in light of industry developments, management changes and company-specific considerations.
15

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The Company’s internal loan risk ratings are based on the guidance provided by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for commercial real estate lending. The Company’s internal risk rating rubric for commercial loans has nine categories as depicted below:

Risk Rating - Commercial Loans | Description
1-4 / Performing | Meets all present contractual obligations.
5 / Performing - Closely Monitored | Meets all present contractual obligations, but are transitional or could be exhibiting some weaknesses in both leverage and liquidity.
6 / Performing - Special Mention | Meets all present contractual obligations, but exhibit potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention and, if uncorrected, may result in deterioration of repayment prospects.
7 / Substandard | Inadequately protected by sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged with a distinct possibility that loss will be sustained if some of the deficiencies are not corrected.
8 / Doubtful | Substandard loans whereby collection of all contractual principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable.
9 / Loss | Considered uncollectible.

Management assesses each loan at least quarterly and assigns an internal risk rating based on its evaluation of the most recent financial information produced by the borrower and consideration of economic conditions. See below for a tabular disclosure of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s commercial loans by year of origination and internal risk rating.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a loan loss provision on impaired collateral dependent commercial loans of $52.1 million with a principal balance and carrying value of $106.2 million and $48.3 million, respectively, based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a loan loss provision of $5.7 million on commercial loans with a principal balance and carrying value of $36.6 million and $30.9 million, respectively.
As a result of the implementation of the Loss given default methodology under the modified retrospective method, a cumulative effect loan loss allowance of $7.8 million was recorded on January 1, 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a loan loss allowance of $23.2 million based upon its Loss given default methodology.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had unfunded commercial real estate loan commitments of $140.9 million and $181.4 million, respectively.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, approximately 94% and 92%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles and excluding commercial loans held for sale, were adjustable-rate.
The sector attributes of the Company’s commercial real estate investments held for investment at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:

| Sector Dispersion
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Carrying Value |  | % of Loan Portfolio |  | Carrying Value |  | % of Loan Portfolio
| (dollars in thousands)
Office | $ | 673,947 |  |  | 43.1 | % |  | $ | 681,129 |  |  | 42.4 | %
Retail | 348,045 |  |  | 22.3 | % |  | 389,076 |  |  | 24.2 | %
Multifamily | 283,698 |  |  | 18.1 | % |  | 262,302 |  |  | 16.3 | %
Hotel | 125,870 |  |  | 8.1 | % |  | 135,681 |  |  | 8.4 | %
Industrial | 79,882 |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 82,441 |  |  | 5.1 | %
Other | 32,534 |  |  | 2.1 | % |  | 36,589 |  |  | 2.3 | %
Healthcare | 19,158 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 18,873 |  |  | 1.3 | %
Total | $ | 1,563,134 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,606,091 |  |  | 100.0 | %

16

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, commercial real estate investments held for investment were comprised of the following:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Outstanding Principal |  | Carrying Value (1) |  | Percentage of Loan Portfolio (2) |  | Outstanding Principal |  | Carrying Value (1) |  | Percentage of Loan Portfolio (2)
| (dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages | $ | 532,125 |  |  | $ | 519,387 |  |  | 32.1 | % |  | $ | 503,499 |  |  | $ | 499,690 |  |  | 30.9 | %
Senior securitized mortgages (3) | 940,245 |  |  | 913,291 |  |  | 56.6 | % |  | 940,546 |  |  | 936,378 |  |  | 57.8 | %
Mezzanine loans | 187,693 |  |  | 130,456 |  |  | 11.3 | % |  | 183,064 |  |  | 170,023 |  |  | 11.3 | %
Total | $ | 1,660,063 |  |  | $ | 1,563,134 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,627,109 |  |  | $ | 1,606,091 |  |  | 100.0 | %

(1) | Carrying value includes unamortized origination fees of $8.2 million and $8.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

(2) | Based on outstanding principal.

(3) | Represents assets of consolidated VIEs.

The following tables represent a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s commercial real estate investments held for investment at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
| Senior Mortgages |  | Senior Securitized Mortgages (1) |  | Mezzanine Loans |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance (January 1, 2020) (2) | $ | 499,690 |  |  | $ | 936,378 |  |  | $ | 182,726 |  |  | $ | 1,618,794 |
Originations & advances (principal) | 162,781 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,628 |  |  | 174,409 |
Principal payments | (38,425 | ) |  | (53,533 | ) |  | — |  |  | (91,958 | )
Principal write off | — |  |  | — |  |  | (7,000 | ) |  | (7,000 | )
Transfers | (95,730 | ) |  | 52,630 |  |  | — |  |  | (43,100 | )
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees | (812 | ) |  | — |  |  | (80 | ) |  | (892 | )
Realized gain | 204 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 204 |
Amortization of net origination fees | 797 |  |  | 602 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 1,445 |
Allowance for loan losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning allowance, prior to CECL adoption | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,703 | ) |  | (12,703 | )
Impact of adopting CECL | (2,264 | ) |  | (4,166 | ) |  | (1,336 | ) |  | (7,766 | )
Current period allowance | (6,854 | ) |  | (18,620 | ) |  | (49,825 | ) |  | (75,299 | )
Write offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,000 |  |  | 7,000 |
Ending allowance | (9,118 | ) |  | (22,786 | ) |  | (56,864 | ) |  | (88,768 | )
Net carrying value (March 31, 2020) | $ | 519,387 |  |  | $ | 913,291 |  |  | $ | 130,456 |  |  | $ | 1,563,134 |

17

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

December 31, 2019
| Senior Mortgages |  | Senior Securitized Mortgages (1) |  | Mezzanine Loans |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2019) | $ | 981,202 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 315,601 |  |  | $ | 1,296,803 |
Originations & advances (principal) | 572,204 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,709 |  |  | 593,913 |
Principal payments | (16,785 | ) |  | (150,245 | ) |  | (149,633 | ) |  | (316,663 | )
Transfers | (1,034,754 | ) |  | 1,083,487 |  |  | (8,675 | ) |  | 40,058 |
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees | (4,200 | ) |  | — |  |  | (184 | ) |  | (4,384 | )
Amortization of net origination fees | 2,023 |  |  | 3,136 |  |  | 412 |  |  | 5,571 |
Net (increase) decrease in allowance | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,207 | ) |  | (9,207 | )
Net carrying value (December 31, 2019) | $ | 499,690 |  |  | $ | 936,378 |  |  | $ | 170,023 |  |  | $ | 1,606,091 |
(1) Represents assets of consolidated VIEs.
(2) Excludes loan loss allowances.

The following table provides the internal loan risk ratings of commercial real estate investments held for investment as of March 31, 2020.

Amortized Cost Basis by Risk Rating and Vintage (1)
Risk Rating | Vintage
Total |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Prior
(dollars in thousands)
1-4 / Performing | $ | 446,226 |  |  | $ | 89,647 |  |  | $ | 159,384 |  |  | $ | 103,547 |  |  | $ | 12,444 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81,204 |
5 / Performing - Closely Monitored | 501,717 |  |  | 31,657 |  |  | 265,728 |  |  | 29,432 |  |  | 105,893 |  |  | 69,007 |  |  | — |
6 / Performing - Special Mention | 431,515 |  |  | 27,110 |  |  | 122,133 |  |  | 212,015 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 70,257 |
7 / Substandard | 85,390 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30,390 |  |  | 55,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
8 / Doubtful | 98,286 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,460 |  |  | 64,826 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
9 / Loss (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 1,563,134 |  |  | $ | 148,414 |  |  | $ | 547,245 |  |  | $ | 408,844 |  |  | $ | 238,163 |  |  | $ | 69,007 |  |  | $ | 151,461 |

(1) The amortized cost basis excludes accrued interest. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $4.6 million of accrued interest receivable on commercial loans which is reported in Principal and interest receivable in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
(2) Includes one commercial mezzanine loan for which the Company recorded a full loan loss allowance of $36.6 million.
Corporate Debt
The Company’s investments in corporate loans typically take the form of senior secured loans primarily in first or second lien positions. The Company’s senior secured loans generally have stated maturities of five to seven years. In connection with these senior secured loans the Company receives a security interest in certain assets of the borrower and such assets support repayment of such loans. Senior secured loans are generally exposed to less credit risk than more junior loans given their seniority to scheduled principal and interest and priority of security in the assets of the borrower. Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the debt and its contractual terms. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income using the effective interest method.
The Company’s internal risk rating rubric for corporate debt has nine categories as depicted below:
18

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Risk Rating - Corporate Debt | Description
1-5 / Performing | Meets all present contractual obligations.
6 / Performing - Closely Monitored | Meets all present contractual obligations but exhibits a defined weakness in either leverage or liquidity, but not both. Loans at this rating will require closer monitoring, but where we expect no loss of interest or principal.
7 / Substandard | A loan that has a defined weakness in either leverage and/or liquidity, and which may require substantial changes to strengthen the asset. Loans at this rating level have a higher probability of loss, although no determination of the amount or timing of a loss is yet possible.
8 / Doubtful | A loan that has missed a scheduled principal or interest payment or is otherwise deemed a non-earning account. The probability of loss is increasingly certain due to significant performance issues.
9 / Loss | Considered uncollectible.

Management assesses each loan at least quarterly and assigns an internal risk rating based on its evaluation of the most recent financial information produced by the borrower and consideration of economic conditions. See below for a tabular disclosure of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s corporate debt held for investment by year of origination and internal risk rating.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a loan loss provision of $10.0 million on impaired corporate loans using a discounted cash flow methodology with a beginning principal balance and carrying value of $29.3 million and $21.9 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, a loan was restructured and the Company received $2.8 million of second lien debt and $4.8 million of equity. As a result of the restructuring, $19.6 million of first lien debt was written off and the related allowance of $11.9 million was charged off. There was no provision for loan loss recorded on corporate loans for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
As a result of the implementation of the Loss given default methodology under the modified retrospective method, a cumulative effect loan loss allowance on corporate loans of $29.7 million was recorded on January 1, 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a loan loss allowance on corporate loans of $14.1 million based upon its Loss given default methodology.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had unfunded corporate loan commitments of $79.5 million and $81.2 million, respectively.
The Company invests in corporate loans through its Annaly Middle Market Lending Group. The industry and rate attributes of the portfolio at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
19

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

| Industry Dispersion
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Fixed Rate |  | Floating Rate |  | Total |  | Fixed Rate |  | Floating Rate |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Computer Programming, Data Processing & Other Computer Related Services | — |  |  | 391,559 |  |  | 391,559 |  |  | — |  |  | 394,193 |  |  | 394,193 |
Management & Public Relations Services | — |  |  | 288,586 |  |  | 288,586 |  |  | — |  |  | 339,179 |  |  | 339,179 |
Chemical & Chemical Preparations | — |  |  | 145,446 |  |  | 145,446 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Miscellaneous Business Services | — |  |  | 122,275 |  |  | 122,275 |  |  | — |  |  | 164,033 |  |  | 164,033 |
Public Warehousing & Storage | — |  |  | 119,577 |  |  | 119,577 |  |  | — |  |  | 107,029 |  |  | 107,029 |
Engineering, Architectural, and Surveying | — |  |  | 113,496 |  |  | 113,496 |  |  | — |  |  | 124,201 |  |  | 124,201 |
Metal Cans & Shipping Containers | — |  |  | 108,266 |  |  | 108,266 |  |  | — |  |  | 118,456 |  |  | 118,456 |
Offices & Clinics of Doctors of Medicine | — |  |  | 104,919 |  |  | 104,919 |  |  | — |  |  | 106,993 |  |  | 106,993 |
Surgical, Medical & Dental Instruments & Supplies | — |  |  | 100,791 |  |  | 100,791 |  |  | — |  |  | 102,182 |  |  | 102,182 |
Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service | — |  |  | 74,013 |  |  | 74,013 |  |  | — |  |  | 75,410 |  |  | 75,410 |
Telephone Communications | — |  |  | 57,508 |  |  | 57,508 |  |  | — |  |  | 61,210 |  |  | 61,210 |
Miscellaneous Health & Allied Services, not elsewhere classified | — |  |  | 50,327 |  |  | 50,327 |  |  | — |  |  | 78,908 |  |  | 78,908 |
Miscellaneous Equipment Rental & Leasing | — |  |  | 49,423 |  |  | 49,423 |  |  | — |  |  | 49,776 |  |  | 49,776 |
Electric Work | — |  |  | 44,442 |  |  | 44,442 |  |  | — |  |  | 43,175 |  |  | 43,175 |
Medical & Dental Laboratories | — |  |  | 35,465 |  |  | 35,465 |  |  | — |  |  | 41,344 |  |  | 41,344 |
Nonferrous Foundries (Castings) | — |  |  | 31,903 |  |  | 31,903 |  |  | — |  |  | 30,191 |  |  | 30,191 |
Research, Development & Testing Services | — |  |  | 29,796 |  |  | 29,796 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,610 |  |  | 45,610 |
Coating, Engraving and Allied Services | — |  |  | 29,323 |  |  | 29,323 |  |  | — |  |  | 47,249 |  |  | 47,249 |
Home Health Care Services | — |  |  | 28,537 |  |  | 28,537 |  |  | — |  |  | 29,361 |  |  | 29,361 |
Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Parts & Supplies | — |  |  | 28,464 |  |  | 28,464 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,815 |  |  | 28,815 |
Legal Services | — |  |  | 28,079 |  |  | 28,079 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Petroleum and Petroleum Products | — |  |  | 24,834 |  |  | 24,834 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,923 |  |  | 24,923 |
Electronic Components & Accessories | — |  |  | 23,266 |  |  | 23,266 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,000 |  |  | 24,000 |
Grocery Stores | — |  |  | 22,987 |  |  | 22,987 |  |  | — |  |  | 23,248 |  |  | 23,248 |
Schools & Educational Services, not elsewhere classified | — |  |  | 19,376 |  |  | 19,376 |  |  | — |  |  | 19,586 |  |  | 19,586 |
Drugs | — |  |  | 15,881 |  |  | 15,881 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,923 |  |  | 15,923 |
Chemicals & Allied Products | — |  |  | 14,868 |  |  | 14,868 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,002 |  |  | 15,002 |
Mailing, Reproduction, Commercial Art and Photography, and Stenographic | — |  |  | 14,528 |  |  | 14,528 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,755 |  |  | 14,755 |
Transportation, Equipment & Supplies (Except Motor Vehicles) | — |  |  | 12,468 |  |  | 12,468 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Offices and Clinics of Other Health Practitioners | — |  |  | 10,110 |  |  | 10,110 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,098 |  |  | 10,098 |
Miscellaneous Plastic Products | — |  |  | 9,750 |  |  | 9,750 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  | 10,000 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,150,263 |  |  | $ | 2,150,263 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,144,850 |  |  | $ | 2,144,850 |

20

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The table below reflects the Company’s aggregate positions by their respective place in the capital structure of the borrowers at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
First lien loans | $ | 1,496,887 |  |  | $ | 1,396,140 |
Second lien loans | 653,376 |  |  | 748,710 |
Total | $ | 2,150,263 |  |  | $ | 2,144,850 |

The following tables represent a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s corporate debt investments held for investment at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
| First Lien |  | Second Lien |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance (January 1, 2020) (1) | $ | 1,403,503 |  |  | $ | 748,710 |  |  | $ | 2,152,213 |
Originations & advances | 387,082 |  |  | — |  |  | 387,082 |
Principal payments | (28,567 | ) |  | (25,898 | ) |  | (54,465 | )
Amortization & accretion of (premium) discounts | 1,430 |  |  | 890 |  |  | 2,320 |
Loan restructuring | (19,550 | ) |  | 2,818 |  |  | (16,732 | )
Sales | (223,625 | ) |  | (47,382 | ) |  | (271,007 | )
Allowance for loan losses |  |  |  |  | — |
Beginning allowance, prior to CECL adoption | (7,363 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7,363 | )
Impact of adopting CECL | (10,787 | ) |  | (18,866 | ) |  | (29,653 | )
Current period allowance | (17,130 | ) |  | (6,896 | ) |  | (24,026 | )
Write offs | 11,894 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,894 |
Ending allowance | (23,386 | ) |  | (25,762 | ) |  | (49,148 | )
Net carrying value (March 31, 2020) | $ | 1,496,887 |  |  | $ | 653,376 |  |  | $ | 2,150,263 |

(1) Excludes loan loss allowances.

December 31, 2019
| First Lien |  | Second Lien |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2019) | $ | 1,346,356 |  |  | $ | 540,826 |  |  | $ | 1,887,182 |
Originations & advances | 542,463 |  |  | 345,573 |  |  | 888,036 |
Principal payments | (228,302 | ) |  | (140,625 | ) |  | (368,927 | )
Amortization & accretion of (premium) discounts | 5,960 |  |  | 2,936 |  |  | 8,896 |
Sales | (262,974 | ) |  | — |  |  | (262,974 | )
Net (increase) decrease in allowance | (7,363 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7,363 | )
Net carrying value (December 31, 2019) | $ | 1,396,140 |  |  | $ | 748,710 |  |  | $ | 2,144,850 |

21

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following table provides the amortized cost basis of corporate debt held for investment as of March 31, 2020 by vintage year and internal risk rating.

Amortized Cost Basis by Risk Rating and Vintage (1)
Risk Rating | Vintage
Total |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Revolvers
(dollars in thousands)
1-4 / Performing | $ | 826,447 |  |  | $ | 22,285 |  |  | $ | 319,686 |  |  | $ | 286,358 |  |  | $ | 158,446 |  |  | $ | 29,957 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,715 |
5 / Performing - Closely Monitored | 966,454 |  |  | 233,623 |  |  | 257,888 |  |  | 325,885 |  |  | 100,588 |  |  | 21,932 |  |  | 14,198 |  |  | 12,340 |
6 / Performing - Special Mention | 138,129 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,671 |  |  | 17,441 |  |  | 30,904 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,037 |  |  | 2,076 |
7 / Substandard | 215,372 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,933 |  |  | 149,167 |  |  | 40,285 |  |  | 22,987 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
8 / Doubtful | 4,297 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,297 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
9 / Loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 2,150,699 |  |  | $ | 255,908 |  |  | $ | 634,178 |  |  | $ | 783,148 |  |  | $ | 330,223 |  |  | $ | 74,876 |  |  | $ | 48,235 |  |  | $ | 24,131 |

(1) The amortized cost basis excludes accrued interest and costs related to unfunded loans. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $9.9 million of accrued interest receivable on corporate loans which is reported in Principal and interest receivable in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

7. MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

The Company owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for a detailed discussion on this topic.
MSRs represent the rights associated with servicing pools of residential mortgage loans. The Company and its subsidiaries do not originate or directly service residential mortgage loans. Rather, these activities are carried out by duly licensed subservicers who perform substantially all servicing functions for the loans underlying the MSRs. The Company intends to hold the MSRs as investments and elected to account for all of its investments in MSRs at fair value. As such, they are recognized at fair value on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in the estimated fair value presented as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Servicing income, net of servicing expenses, is reported in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
The following table presents activity related to MSRs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

| Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Fair value, beginning of period | $ | 378,078 |  |  | $ | 557,813 |
Change in fair value due to: |  |  |
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1) | (79,224 | ) |  | (43,089 | )
Other changes, including realization of expected cash flows | (18,296 | ) |  | (13,979 | )
Fair value, end of period | $ | 280,558 |  |  | $ | 500,745 |
(1) Principally represents changes in discount rates and prepayment speed inputs used in valuation model, primarily due to changes in interest rates.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $22.8 million and $27.8 million of net servicing income from MSRs in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
22

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Commercial Trusts
The Company has invested in subordinate mortgage-backed securities issued by commercial securitization trusts (“Commercial Trusts”) and determined that it is the primary beneficiary as a result of its ability to replace the special servicer without cause through its ownership of the subordinate securities and its current designation as the directing certificate holder. Information regarding these securitization trusts are summarized in the table below.

Type of Underlying Collateral | Settlement Date | Cut-off Date Principal Balance | Face Value of Company’s Variable Interest at Settlement Date
|  | (dollars in thousands)
Multifamily | April 2015 | $ | 1,192,607 |  | $ | 89,446 |
Hotels | June 2018 | $ | 982,000 |  | $ | 93,500 |
Multifamily | August 2019 | $ | 271,700 |  | $ | 20,270 |
Office Building | October 2019 | $ | 60,000 |  | $ | 60,000 |
Multifamily | October 2019 | $ | 415,000 |  | $ | 75,359 |
Multifamily | December 2019 | $ | 394,000 |  | $ | 110,350 |

Upon consolidation, the Company elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of the Commercial Trusts in order to avoid an accounting mismatch, and to represent more faithfully the economics of its interest in the entities. The fair value option requires that changes in fair value be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Company applied the practical expedient under ASU 2014-07, whereby the Company determines whether the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities is more observable as a basis for measuring the less observable financial instruments. The Company has determined that the fair value of the financial liabilities of the Commercial Trusts are more observable, since the prices for these liabilities are primarily available from third-party pricing services utilized for multifamily and commercial mortgage-backed securities, while the individual assets of the trusts are inherently less capable of precise measurement given their illiquid nature and the limitations on available information related to these assets. Given that the Company’s methodology for valuing the financial assets of the Commercial Trusts are an aggregate fair value derived from the fair value of the financial liabilities, the Company has determined that the fair value of each of the financial assets in their entirety should be classified in Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy.
The Commercial Trusts mortgage loans had an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $2.3 billion and $2.3 billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the underlying loans or securitized debt securities at March 31, 2020 and 2019 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans.
Commercial Securitizations
The Company also invests in commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by entities that are VIEs because they do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entities to finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, but the Company is not the primary beneficiary because it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance. For these entities, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss is the amortized cost basis of the securities it owns and it does not provide any liquidity arrangements, guarantees or other commitments to these VIEs. See the “Securities” Note for further information on Commercial Securities.
23

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Collateralized Loan Obligation
In February 2019, the Company closed NLY 2019-FL2, a managed commercial real estate collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securitization with a face value of $857.3 million, which provides non-recourse financing to the Company collateralized by certain commercial real estate mortgage loans originated by the Company. As of March 31, 2020 a total of $552.2 million of notes were held by third parties and the Company retained or purchased $167.6 million of subordinated notes and preferred shares, which eliminate upon consolidation. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary because it has the right to direct the servicer as well as remove the special servicer without cause and it holds variable interests that could be potentially significant to the CLO. The transfers of loans to the CLO did not qualify for sale accounting because the Company maintains effective control over the loans. The Company elected the fair value option for the financial liabilities issued by the CLO in order to simplify the accounting; however, the commercial loans continue to be carried at amortized cost as they were not eligible for the fair value option as it was not elected at origination of the loans. The Company incurred $8.3 million of costs in connection with the CLO that were expensed as incurred during the year ended December 31, 2019. The aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans in the CLO was $857.3 million at March 31, 2020 and there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the debt securities at March 31, 2020 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans. The contractual principal amount of the CLO debt held by third parties was $633.9 million at March 31, 2020.
Multifamily Securitization
In November 2019, the Company repackaged Fannie Mae guaranteed multifamily mortgage-backed securities with a principal cut-off balance of $1.0 billion and retained interest only securities with a notional balance of $1.0 billion and senior securities with a principal balance of $28.5 million. In March 2020, the Company repackaged Fannie Mae guaranteed multifamily mortgage-backed securities with a principal cut-off balance of $0.5 billion and retained interest only securities with a notional balance of $0.5 billion. The Company determined that it was the primary beneficiary based upon its involvement in the design of the variable interest entity. The Company elected the fair value option for the financial liabilities of these VIEs in order to simplify the accounting; however, the financial assets were not eligible for the fair value option as it was not elected at purchase. The Company incurred $1.1 million of costs in connection with this multifamily securitization that were expensed as incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Residential Trusts
The Company consolidates a securitization trust, which is included in “Residential Trusts” in the tables below, that issued residential mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans that had been transferred to the trust by one of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company owns the subordinate securities, and a subsidiary of the Company continues to be the master servicer. As such, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the residential mortgage trust and consolidates the entity. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of this VIE, but has not elected to apply the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trust are available from third-party pricing services. The contractual principal amount of the residential mortgage trust’s debt held by third parties was $50.1 million and $57.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Residential Securitizations
The Company also invests in residential mortgage-backed securities issued by entities that are VIEs because they do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entities to finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, but the Company is not the primary beneficiary because it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance. For these entities, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss is the amortized cost basis of the securities it owns and it does not provide any liquidity arrangements, guarantees or other commitments to these VIEs. See the “Securities” Note for further information on Residential Securities.
OBX Trusts
The entities in the table below are referred to collectively as the “OBX Trusts.” These securitizations represent financing transactions which provide non-recourse financing to the Company that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans purchased by the Company.
24

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Securitization | Date of Closing | Face Value at Closing
|  | (dollars in thousands)
OBX 2018-1 | March 2018 | $ | 327,162 |
OBX 2018-EXP1 | August 2018 | $ | 383,451 |
OBX 2018-EXP2 | October 2018 | $ | 384,027 |
OBX 2019-INV1 | January 2019 | $ | 393,961 |
OBX 2019-EXP1 | April 2019 | $ | 388,156 |
OBX 2019-INV2 | June 2019 | $ | 383,760 |
OBX 2019-EXP2 | July 2019 | $ | 463,405 |
OBX 2019-EXP3 | October 2019 | $ | 465,492 |
OBX 2020-INV1 | January 2020 | $ | 374,609 |
OBX 2020-EXP1 | February 2020 | $ | 467,511 |

As of March 31, 2020, a total of $2.5 billion of bonds were held by third parties and the Company retained $513.0 million of mortgage-backed securities, which were eliminated in consolidation. The Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the OBX Trusts because it has power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the OBX Trusts’ performance and holds a variable interest that could be potentially significant to these VIEs. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of these VIEs, but has not elected the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trusts are available from third-party pricing services. The Company incurred $3.7 million and $1.7 million of costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, in connection with these securitizations that were expensed as incurred. The contractual principal amount of the OBX Trusts’ debt held by third parties was $2.5 billion at March 31, 2020.
Although the residential mortgage loans have been sold for bankruptcy and state law purposes, the transfers of the residential mortgage loans to the OBX Trusts did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as intercompany secured borrowings that are eliminated upon consolidation.
Credit Facility VIEs
In June 2016, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of March 31, 2020, the borrowing limit on this facility was $625.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as collateral manager and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has pledged as collateral for this facility corporate loans with a carrying amount of $732.5 million at March 31, 2020. The transfers did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as an intercompany secured borrowing that is eliminated upon consolidation. At March 31, 2020, the subsidiary had an intercompany receivable of $421.5 million, which eliminates upon consolidation and a secured financing of $421.5 million to the third party financial institution.
In July 2017, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of March 31, 2020, the borrowing limit on this facility was $320.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as servicer and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has transferred corporate loans to the subsidiary with a carrying amount of $490.5 million at March 31, 2020, which continue to be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition under Loans, net. At March 31, 2020, the subsidiary had a secured financing of $289.5 million to the third party financial institution.
In January 2019, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company (the “Borrower”) entered into a $300.0 million credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of March 31, 2020, the Borrower had a secured financing of $202.1 million to the third party financial institution. The Company has pledged as collateral for this facility corporate loans with a carrying amount of $326.7 million at March 31, 2020.
MSR Silo
The Company also owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs and has structured its operations, funding and capitalization into pools of assets and liabilities, each referred to as a “silo.” Owners of variable interests in a given silo are entitled to all of the returns and subjected to the risk of loss on the investments and operations of that silo and have no substantive recourse to the assets of any other silo. While the Company previously held 100% of the voting interests in this entity, in August 2017, the Company sold 100% of such interests, and entered into an agreement with the entity’s affiliated portfolio manager giving the
25

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Company the power over the silo in which it owns all of the beneficial interests. As a result, the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates this silo.
The Company’s exposure to the obligations of its VIEs is generally limited to the Company’s investment in the VIEs of $2.9 billion at March 31, 2020. Assets of the VIEs may only be used to settle obligations of the VIEs. Creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company is not contractually required to provide and has not provided any form of financial support to the VIEs. No gains or losses were recognized upon consolidation of existing VIEs. Interest income and expense are recognized using the effective interest method.
The statements of financial condition of the Company’s VIEs, excluding the CLO, credit facility VIEs and OBX Trusts as the transfers of loans did not meet the criteria to be accounted for as sales, that are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:

March 31, 2020
| Commercial Trusts |  | Residential Trusts |  | MSR Silo
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 74,117 |
Loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57,777 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | 1,927,576 |  |  | 68,413 |  |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 280,558 |
Principal and interest receivable | 6,132 |  |  | 365 |  |  | — |
Other assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,837 |
Total assets | $ | 1,933,708 |  |  | $ | 68,778 |  |  | $ | 442,289 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse) | $ | 1,637,505 |  |  | $ | 49,825 |  |  | $ | — |
Other secured financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | 36,751 |
Payable for unsettled trades | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,123 |
Interest payable | 2,202 |  |  | 121 |  |  | — |
Other liabilities | — |  |  | 89 |  |  | 2,226 |
Total liabilities | $ | 1,639,707 |  |  | $ | 50,035 |  |  | $ | 54,100 |

December 31, 2019
| Commercial Trusts |  | Residential Trusts |  | MSR Silo
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 67,455 |
Loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66,722 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | 2,345,120 |  |  | 75,924 |  |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 378,078 |
Principal and interest receivable | 7,085 |  |  | 408 |  |  | — |
Other assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27,021 |
Total assets | $ | 2,352,205 |  |  | $ | 76,332 |  |  | $ | 539,276 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse) | $ | 1,967,523 |  |  | $ | 57,905 |  |  | $ | — |
Other secured financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,981 |
Payable for unsettled trades | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,364 |
Interest payable | 3,008 |  |  | 137 |  |  | — |
Other liabilities | — |  |  | 78 |  |  | 2,393 |
Total liabilities | $ | 1,970,531 |  |  | $ | 58,120 |  |  | $ | 59,738 |

26

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total loan unpaid principal balances related to the Company’s VIEs, excluding the credit facility VIEs, OBX Trusts and CLO, at March 31, 2020 are as follows:
Securitized Loans at Fair Value Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk

Commercial Trusts |  | Residential Trusts
Property Location |  | Principal Balance |  | % of Balance |  | Property Location |  | Principal Balance |  | % of Balance
(dollars in thousands)
California |  | $ | 1,270,649 |  |  | 38.7 | % |  | California |  | $ | 30,536 |  |  | 44.9 | %
Texas |  | 479,164 |  |  | 14.6 | % |  | Texas |  | 9,618 |  |  | 14.1 | %
New York |  | 370,697 |  |  | 11.3 | % |  | Illinois |  | 7,009 |  |  | 10.3 | %
Florida |  | 196,495 |  |  | 6.0 | % |  | Washington |  | 3,847 |  |  | 5.7 | %
Other (1) |  | 969,240 |  |  | 29.4 | % |  | Other (1) |  | 17,033 |  |  | 25.0 | %
Total |  | $ | 3,286,245 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | Total |  | $ | 68,043 |  |  | 100.0 | %

(1) | No individual state greater than 5%.

9. REAL ESTATE

Real estate investments are carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost includes all costs necessary to bring the asset to the condition and location necessary for its intended use, including financing during the construction period. Costs directly related to acquisitions deemed to be business combinations are expensed. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Major replacements and improvements that extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized and depreciated over their useful life.
Real estate investments are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, summarized as follows:

Category | Term
Building and building improvements | 1 - 44 years
Furniture and fixtures | 1 - 4 years

There was no real estate acquired in settlement of residential mortgage loans at March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019 other than real estate held by securitization trusts that the Company was required to consolidate. The Company would be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a residential mortgage loan, so that the loan is derecognized and the real estate property would be recognized, if either (i) the Company obtains legal title to the residential real estate property upon completion of a foreclosure or (ii) the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement.
Real estate investments, including REO, that do not meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as held for investment. Real estate held for sale is reported at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Once a property is determined to be held for sale, depreciation is no longer recorded.
The Company’s real estate portfolio (REO and real estate held for investment) is reviewed on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value of its operating real estate may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. A property’s value is considered impaired if the Company’s estimate of the aggregate future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the property is less than the carrying value of the property. In conducting this review, the Company considers U.S. macroeconomic factors, including real estate sector conditions, together with asset specific and other factors. To the extent impairment has occurred and is considered to be other than temporary, the loss will be measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the property over the calculated fair value of the property.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company entered into a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure agreement and took title of a commercial real estate property with a basis of $35.8 million. There were no new acquisitions of real estate holdings during the three months ended March 31, 2019. No properties were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The Company sold one of its wholly owned triple net leased properties during the three months ended March 31, 2019 for $6.7 million and recognized a gain on sale of $2.7 million.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The weighted average amortization period for intangible assets and liabilities at March 31, 2020 is 6.3 years. Above market leases and leasehold intangible assets are included in Intangible assets, net and below market leases are included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Real estate, net | (dollars in thousands)
Land | $ | 134,206 |  |  | $ | 121,720 |
Buildings and improvements | 595,149 |  |  | 571,396 |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 11,336 |  |  | 11,238 |
Subtotal | 740,691 |  |  | 704,354 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (92,772 | ) |  | (87,532 | )
Total real estate held for investment, at amortized cost, net | 647,919 |  |  | 616,822 |
Equity in unconsolidated joint ventures | 103,819 |  |  | 108,816 |
Total real estate, net | $ | 751,738 |  |  | $ | 725,638 |

Depreciation expense was $5.2 million and $5.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and is included in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Rental Income
The minimum rental amounts due under leases are generally either subject to scheduled fixed increases or adjustments. The leases generally also require that the tenants reimburse the Company for certain operating costs. Rental income is included in Other income (loss) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Approximate future minimum rents to be received over the next five years and thereafter for non-cancelable operating leases in effect at March 31, 2020 for consolidated investments in real estate are as follows:

March 31, 2020
(dollars in thousands)
2020 (remaining) | $ | 36,967 |
2021 | 47,136 |
2022 | 43,303 |
2023 | 40,605 |
2024 | 36,683 |
Later years | 182,098 |
Total | $ | 386,792 |

10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Derivative instruments include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, options to enter into interest rate swaps (“swaptions”), TBA derivatives, options on TBA securities (“MBS options”), U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures contracts and certain forward purchase commitments. The Company may also enter into other types of mortgage derivatives such as interest-only securities, credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index and synthetic total return swaps.
In connection with the Company’s investment/market rate risk management strategy, the Company economically hedges a portion of its interest rate risk by entering into derivative financial instrument contracts, which include interest rate swaps, swaptions and futures contracts. The Company may also enter into TBA derivatives, MBS options and U.S. Treasury or Eurodollar futures contracts, certain forward purchase commitments and credit derivatives to economically hedge its exposure to market risks. The purpose of using derivatives is to manage overall portfolio risk with the potential to generate additional income for distribution to stockholders. These derivatives are subject to changes in market values resulting from changes in interest rates, volatility, Agency mortgage-backed security spreads to U.S. Treasuries and market liquidity. The use of derivatives also creates exposure to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these instruments fail to perform their obligations under the stated contract. Additionally, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the derivative transactions, the amount of which may vary based on the market value and terms of the derivative contract. In the case of market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps, the Company may make or receive a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swaps,
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
which represents fair value of these swaps, to compensate for the out of market nature of such interest rate swaps. Subsequent changes in fair value from inception of these interest rate swaps are reflected within Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Similar to other interest rate swaps, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the MAC interest rate swap transactions. In the event of a default by the counterparty, the Company could have difficulty obtaining its pledged collateral as well as receiving payments in accordance with the terms of the derivative contracts.
Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes.
The Company also maintains collateral in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to its interest rate swaps and other derivatives. In accordance with a clearing organization’s rulebook, the Company presents the fair value of centrally cleared interest rate swaps net of variation margin pledged under such transactions. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, $2.9 billion and$0.5 billion of variation margin was reported as an adjustment to interest rate swaps, at fair value.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements – Interest rate swap agreements are the primary instruments used to mitigate interest rate risk. In particular, the Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to changing interest rates on its repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings. The Company may enter into interest rate swap agreements where the floating leg is linked to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the overnight index swap rate or another index. Interest rate swap agreements may or may not be cleared through a derivatives clearing organization (“DCO”). Uncleared interest rate swaps are fair valued using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market values. Centrally cleared interest rate swaps, including MAC interest rate swaps, are generally fair valued using the DCO’s market values. If an interest rate swap is terminated, the realized gain (loss) on the interest rate swap would be equal to the difference between the cash received or paid and fair value.
Swaptions – Swaptions are purchased or sold to mitigate the potential impact of increases or decreases in interest rates. Interest rate swaptions provide the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for a predetermined notional amount, stated term and pay and receive interest rates in the future. The Company’s swaptions are not centrally cleared. The premium paid or received for swaptions is reported as an asset or liability in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. If a swaption expires unexercised, the realized gain (loss) on the swaption would be equal to the premium received or paid. If the Company sells or exercises a swaption, the realized gain or loss on the swaption would be equal to the difference between the cash received or the fair value of the underlying interest rate swap received and the premium paid.
The fair value of swaptions are estimated using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market values.
TBA Dollar Rolls – TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for as a series of derivative transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities.
MBS Options – MBS options are generally options on TBA contracts, which help manage mortgage market risks and volatility while providing the potential to enhance returns. MBS options are over-the-counter traded instruments and those written on current-coupon mortgage-backed securities are typically the most liquid. MBS options are measured at fair value using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market value at the valuation date.
Futures Contracts – Futures contracts are derivatives that track the prices of specific assets or benchmark rates. Short sales of futures contracts help to mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the portfolio performance. The Company maintains margin accounts which are settled daily with Futures Commission Merchants (“FCMs”). The margin requirement varies based on the market value of the open positions and the equity retained in the account. Futures contracts are fair valued based on exchange pricing.
Forward Purchase Commitments – The Company may enter into forward purchase commitments with counterparties whereby the Company commits to purchasing residential mortgage loans at a particular price, provided the residential mortgage loans close with the counterparties. The counterparties are required to deliver the committed loans on a “best efforts” basis.
Credit Derivatives – The Company may enter into credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index, such as the CMBX index, and synthetic total return swaps.
The table below summarizes fair value information about our derivative assets and liabilities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Derivatives Instruments |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Assets |  | (dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,199 |
Interest rate swaptions |  | 58,468 |  |  | 11,580 |
TBA derivatives |  | 180,307 |  |  | 15,181 |
Futures contracts |  | — |  |  | 77,889 |
Purchase commitments |  | 1 |  |  | 2,050 |
Credit derivatives (1) |  | — |  |  | 5,657 |
|  | $ | 238,776 |  |  | $ | 113,556 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps |  | $ | 1,244,309 |  |  | $ | 706,862 |
TBA derivatives |  | 15,747 |  |  | 11,316 |
Futures contracts |  | — |  |  | 84,781 |
Purchase commitments |  | 9,666 |  |  | 907 |
Credit derivatives (1) |  | 61,466 |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 1,331,188 |  |  | $ | 803,866 |

(1) | The notional amount of the credit derivatives in which the Company purchased protection was $0.0 and $10.0 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The maximum potential amount of future payments is the notional amount of credit derivatives in which the Company sold protection of $525.0 million and $345.0 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, plus any coupon shortfalls on the underlying tranche. The credit derivative tranches referencing the basket of bonds had a range of ratings between AAA and BBB-.

30

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s interest rate swaps at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
Maturity | Current Notional (1)(2) |  | Weighted Average Pay Rate |  | Weighted Average Receive Rate |  | Weighted Average Years to Maturity (3)
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years | $ | 1,459,400 |  |  | 1.41 | % |  | 1.03 | % |  | 2.98
3 - 6 years | 1,310,400 |  |  | 1.47 | % |  | 0.93 | % |  | 2.97
6 - 10 years | 7,949,500 |  |  | 1.91 | % |  | 1.56 | % |  | 8.73
Greater than 10 years | 2,249,000 |  |  | 3.42 | % |  | 1.21 | % |  | 17.54
Total / Weighted average | $ | 12,968,300 |  |  | 1.63 | % |  | 1.16 | % |  | 9.03
December 31, 2019
Maturity | Current Notional (1)(2) |  | Weighted Average Pay Rate |  | Weighted Average Receive Rate |  | Weighted Average Years to Maturity
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years | $ | 38,942,400 |  |  | 1.60 | % |  | 1.84 | % |  | 1.29
3 - 6 years | 16,097,450 |  |  | 1.77 | % |  | 1.87 | % |  | 4.30
6 - 10 years | 16,176,500 |  |  | 2.20 | % |  | 2.02 | % |  | 9.00
Greater than 10 years | 2,930,000 |  |  | 3.76 | % |  | 1.86 | % |  | 17.88
Total / Weighted average | $ | 74,146,350 |  |  | 1.84 | % |  | 1.89 | % |  | 4.23

(1) | As of March 31, 2020, 31%, 64% and 5% of the Company’s interest rate swaps were linked to LIBOR, the Federal funds rate and the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, 75% and 25% of the Company’s interest rate swaps were linked to LIBOR and the overnight index swap rate, respectively.

(2) | There were no forward starting swaps at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

(3) | As of March 31, 2020, the weighted average years to maturity of payer interest rate swaps is offset by the weighted average years to maturity of receiver interest rate swaps. As such, the net weighted average years to maturity for each maturity bucket may fall outside of the range listed.

The following table presents swaptions outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

March 31, 2020
|  | Current Underlying Notional |  | Weighted Average Underlying Fixed Rate |  | Weighted Average Underlying Floating Rate |  | Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity |  | Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long pay |  | $3,675,000 |  | 2.54% |  | 3M LIBOR |  | 9.40 |  | 2.41
Long receive |  | $750,000 |  | 1.50% |  | 3M LIBOR |  | 10.42 |  | 4.88
December 31, 2019
|  | Current Underlying Notional |  | Weighted Average Underlying Fixed Rate |  | Weighted Average Underlying Floating Rate |  | Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity |  | Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long pay |  | $4,675,000 |  | 2.53% |  | 3M LIBOR |  | 9.22 |  | 4.66
Long receive |  | $2,000,000 |  | 1.49% |  | 3M LIBOR |  | 10.29 |  | 3.40

31

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s TBA derivatives at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

March 31, 2020
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs | Notional |  | Implied Cost Basis |  | Implied Market Value |  | Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts | $ | 12,581,000 |  |  | $ | 12,951,197 |  |  | $ | 13,115,757 |  |  | $ | 164,560 |
Net TBA derivatives | $ | 12,581,000 |  |  | $ | 12,951,197 |  |  | $ | 13,115,757 |  |  | $ | 164,560 |
December 31, 2019
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs | Notional |  | Implied Cost Basis |  | Implied Market Value |  | Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts | $ | 10,043,000 |  |  | $ | 10,182,891 |  |  | $ | 10,192,038 |  |  | $ | 9,147 |
Sale contracts | (3,144,000 | ) |  | (3,294,486 | ) |  | (3,299,768 | ) |  | (5,282 | )
Net TBA derivatives | $ | 6,899,000 |  |  | $ | 6,888,405 |  |  | $ | 6,892,270 |  |  | $ | 3,865 |

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s futures derivatives at December 31, 2019. There were no futures derivatives at March 31, 2020:

December 31, 2019
| Notional - Long Positions |  | Notional - Short Positions |  | Weighted Average Years to Maturity
| (dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury futures - 2 year | $ | — |  |  | $ | (180,000 | ) |  | 1.96
U.S. Treasury futures - 5 year | — |  |  | (2,953,300 | ) |  | 4.42
U.S. Treasury futures - 10 year and greater | 2,600,000 |  |  | (5,806,400 | ) |  | 9.74
Total | $ | 2,600,000 |  |  | $ | (8,939,700 | ) |  | 8.26

The Company presents derivative contracts on a gross basis on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Derivative contracts may contain legally enforceable provisions that allow for netting or setting off receivables and payables with each counterparty.
32

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following tables present information about derivative assets and liabilities that are subject to such provisions and can be offset on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

March 31, 2020
|  |  | Amounts Eligible for Offset |  |
| Gross Amounts |  | Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral |  | Net Amounts
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaptions, at fair value | $ | 58,468 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 58,468 |
TBA derivatives, at fair value | 180,307 |  |  | (15,747 | ) |  | — |  |  | 164,560 |
Purchase commitments | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Liabilities |
Interest rate swaps, at fair value | $ | 1,244,309 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (162,668 | ) |  | $ | 1,081,641 |
TBA derivatives, at fair value | 15,747 |  |  | (15,747 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Purchase commitments | 9,666 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,666 |
Credit derivatives | 61,466 |  |  | — |  |  | (48,845 | ) |  | 12,621 |
December 31, 2019
|  |  | Amounts Eligible for Offset |  |
| Gross Amounts |  | Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral |  | Net Amounts
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps, at fair value | $ | 1,199 |  |  | $ | (951 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 248 |
Interest rate swaptions, at fair value | 11,580 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,580 |
TBA derivatives, at fair value | 15,181 |  |  | (5,018 | ) |  | — |  |  | 10,163 |
Futures contracts, at fair value | 77,889 |  |  | (10,902 | ) |  | — |  |  | 66,987 |
Purchase commitments | 2,050 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,050 |
Credit derivatives | 5,657 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,657 |
Liabilities |
Interest rate swaps, at fair value | $ | 706,862 |  |  | $ | (951 | ) |  | $ | (104,205 | ) |  | $ | 601,706 |
TBA derivatives, at fair value | 11,316 |  |  | (5,018 | ) |  | — |  |  | 6,298 |
Futures contracts, at fair value | 84,781 |  |  | (10,902 | ) |  | (73,879 | ) |  | — |
Purchase commitments | 907 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 907 |

The effect of interest rate swaps on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:

Location on Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
| Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps |  | Realized Gains (Losses) on Termination of Interest Rate Swaps |  | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Interest Rate Swaps
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | (13,980 | ) |  | $ | (397,561 | ) |  | $ | (2,827,723 | )
March 31, 2019 | $ | 134,035 |  |  | $ | (588,256 | ) |  | $ | (390,556 | )

33

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The effect of other derivative contracts on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Derivative Instruments | Realized Gain (Loss) |  | Unrealized Gain (Loss) |  | Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives | $ | 271,085 |  |  | $ | 160,695 |  |  | $ | 431,780 |
Net interest rate swaptions | 51,445 |  |  | 70,133 |  |  | 121,578 |
Futures | (279,476 | ) |  | 6,892 |  |  | (272,584 | )
Purchase commitments | — |  |  | (10,809 | ) |  | (10,809 | )
Credit derivatives | 1,925 |  |  | (65,464 | ) |  | (63,539 | )
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 206,426 |

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Derivative Instruments | Realized Gain (Loss) |  | Unrealized Gain (Loss) |  | Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives | $ | 213,725 |  |  | $ | (39,940 | ) |  | $ | 173,785 |
Net interest rate swaptions | (29,992 | ) |  | 19,684 |  |  | (10,308 | )
Futures | (491,741 | ) |  | 202,312 |  |  | (289,429 | )
Purchase commitments | — |  |  | 1,145 |  |  | 1,145 |
Credit derivatives | 2,302 |  |  | 7,346 |  |  | 9,648 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | (115,159 | )

Certain of the Company’s derivative contracts are subject to International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements or other similar agreements which may contain provisions that grant counterparties certain rights with respect to the applicable agreement upon the occurrence of certain events such as (i) a decline in stockholders’ equity in excess of specified thresholds or dollar amounts over set periods of time, (ii) the Company’s failure to maintain its REIT status, (iii) the Company’s failure to comply with limits on the amount of leverage, and (iv) the Company’s stock being delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.
Upon the occurrence of any one of items (i) through (iv), or another default under the agreement, the counterparty to the applicable agreement has a right to terminate the agreement in accordance with its provisions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with the aforementioned features that are in a net liability position at March 31, 2020 was approximately $1.1 billion, which represents the maximum amount the Company would be required to pay upon termination. This amount is fully collateralized.

11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows fair value guidance in accordance with GAAP to account for its financial instruments and MSRs that are accounted for at fair value. The fair value of a financial instrument and MSR is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
GAAP requires classification of financial instruments and MSRs into a three-level hierarchy based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).
If the inputs used to measure the financial instruments and MSRs fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest priority input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or disclosed in the related notes are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to overall fair value.
The Company designates its securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity depending upon the type of security and the Company’s intent and ability to hold such security to maturity. Securities classified as available-for-sale and trading are reported at fair value on a recurring basis.
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments carried at fair value. These methodologies are applied to assets and liabilities across the three-level fair value hierarchy, with the observability of inputs determining the appropriate level.
Futures contracts are valued using quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets and are classified as Level 1.
Residential Securities, interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivatives are valued using quoted prices or internally estimated prices for similar assets using internal models. The Company incorporates common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security including coupon, prepayment speeds, periodic and life caps, rate reset period and expected life of the security in its estimates of fair value. Fair value estimates for residential mortgage loans are generated by a discounted cash flow model and are primarily based on observable market-based inputs including discount rates, prepayment speeds, delinquency levels, and credit losses. Management reviews and indirectly corroborates its estimates of the fair value derived using internal models by comparing its results to independent prices provided by dealers in the securities and/or third party pricing services. Certain liquid asset classes, such as Agency fixed-rate pass-throughs, may be priced using independent sources such as quoted prices for TBA securities.
Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swap and swaption markets, TBA derivatives and MBS options are considered to be active markets such that participants transact with sufficient frequency and volume to provide transparent pricing information on an ongoing basis. The liquidity of the Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options markets and the similarity of the Company’s securities to those actively traded enable the Company to observe quoted prices in the market and utilize those prices as a basis for formulating fair value measurements. Consequently, the Company has classified Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral. Consequently, commercial real estate debt investments carried at fair value are classified as Level 2.
For the fair value of debt issued by securitization vehicles, refer to the Note titled “Variable Interest Entities” for additional information.
The Company classifies its investments in MSRs as Level 3 in the fair value measurements hierarchy. Fair value estimates for these investments are obtained from models, which use significant unobservable inputs in their valuations. These valuations primarily utilize discounted cash flow models that incorporate unobservable market data inputs including prepayment rates, delinquency levels, costs to service and discount rates. Model valuations are then compared to valuations obtained from third-party pricing providers. Management reviews the valuations received from third-party pricing providers and uses them as a point of comparison to modeled values. The valuation of MSRs requires significant judgment by management and the third-party pricing providers. Assumptions used for which there is a lack of observable inputs may significantly impact the resulting fair value and therefore the Company’s financial statements.
34

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
The following tables present the estimated fair values of financial instruments and MSRs measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.

March 31, 2020
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agency mortgage-backed securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78,456,846 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78,456,846 |
Credit risk transfer securities | — |  |  | 222,871 |  |  | — |  |  | 222,871 |
Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities | — |  |  | 585,954 |  |  | — |  |  | 585,954 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — |  |  | 91,925 |  |  | — |  |  | 91,925 |
Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential mortgage loans | — |  |  | 1,268,083 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,268,083 |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 280,558 |  |  | 280,558 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | — |  |  | 6,758,371 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,758,371 |
Derivative assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other derivatives | — |  |  | 238,776 |  |  | — |  |  | 238,776 |
Total assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 87,622,826 |  |  | $ | 280,558 |  |  | $ | 87,903,384 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | — |  |  | 6,364,949 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,364,949 |
Derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | — |  |  | 1,244,309 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,244,309 |
Other derivatives | — |  |  | 86,879 |  |  | — |  |  | 86,879 |
Total liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,696,137 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,696,137 |

December 31, 2019
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets | (dollars in thousands)
Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agency mortgage-backed securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 112,893,367 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 112,893,367 |
Credit risk transfer securities | — |  |  | 531,322 |  |  | — |  |  | 531,322 |
Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities | — |  |  | 1,135,868 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,135,868 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — |  |  | 273,023 |  |  | — |  |  | 273,023 |
Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential mortgage loans | — |  |  | 1,647,787 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,647,787 |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 378,078 |  |  | 378,078 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles | — |  |  | 6,066,082 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,066,082 |
Derivative assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | — |  |  | 1,199 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,199 |
Other derivatives | 77,889 |  |  | 34,468 |  |  | — |  |  | 112,357 |
Total assets | $ | 77,889 |  |  | $ | 122,583,116 |  |  | $ | 378,078 |  |  | $ | 123,039,083 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,622,801 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,622,801 |
Derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | — |  |  | 706,862 |  |  | — |  |  | 706,862 |
Other derivatives | 84,781 |  |  | 12,223 |  |  | — |  |  | 97,004 |
Total liabilities | $ | 84,781 |  |  | $ | 6,341,886 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,426,667 |

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The Company considers unobservable inputs to be those for which market data is not available and that are developed using the best information available to us about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset. Relevant inputs vary depending on the nature of the instrument being measured at fair value. The sensitivities of significant unobservable inputs along with interrelationships between and among the significant unobservable inputs and their impact on the fair value measurements are described below. The effect of a change in a particular assumption in the sensitivity analysis below is considered
35

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
independently from changes in any other assumptions. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions may not always have a linear effect on the inputs discussed below. Interrelationships may also exist between observable and unobservable inputs. Such relationships have not been included in the discussion below. For each of the individual relationships described below, the inverse relationship would also generally apply. For MSRs, in general, increases in the discount, prepayment or delinquency rates or in annual servicing costs in isolation would result in a lower fair value measurement. A decline in interest rates could lead to higher-than-expected prepayments of mortgages underlying the Company’s investments in MSRs, which in turn could result in a decline in the estimated fair value of MSRs. Refer to the Note titled “Mortgage Servicing Rights” for additional information.
The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for Level 3 MSRs. The table does not give effect to the Company’s risk management practices that might offset risks inherent in these Level 3 investments.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Valuation Technique | Unobservable Input (1) |  | Range (Weighted Average ) (2) |  | Unobservable Input (1) |  | Range (Weighted Average ) (2)
Discounted cash flow | Discount rate |  | 9.0% -12.0% (9.3%) |  | Discount rate |  | 9.0% -12.0% (9.3%)
| Prepayment rate |  | 10.1% - 39.6% (24.9%) |  | Prepayment rate |  | 6.3% - 26.6% (13.7%)
| Delinquency rate |  | 0.0% - 4.0% (2.1%) |  | Delinquency rate |  | 0.0% - 4.0% (2.2%)
| Cost to service |  | $81 - $134 ($108) |  | Cost to service |  | $81 - $135 ($107)
(1) Represents rates, estimates and assumptions that the Company believes would be used by market participants when valuing these assets.
(2) Weighted average discount rate computed based on the fair value of MSRs, weighted average prepayment rate, delinquency rate and cost to service based on unpaid principal balances of loans underlying the MSRs.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values for financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

|  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
|  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value
Financial assets |  | (dollars in thousands)
Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment (1) |  | $ | 1,563,134 |  |  | $ | 1,589,752 |  |  | $ | 1,606,091 |  |  | $ | 1,619,018 |
Corporate debt, held for investment |  | 2,150,263 |  |  | 1,965,186 |  |  | 2,144,850 |  |  | 2,081,327 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | 101,740,728 |  |  | $ | 101,740,728 |
Other secured financing |  | 1,805,428 |  |  | 1,805,428 |  |  | 4,455,700 |  |  | 4,455,700 |
Mortgage payable |  | 484,762 |  |  | 574,648 |  |  | 485,005 |  |  | 515,994 |
(1) Includes assets of consolidated VIEs.

Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment, corporate debt, held for investment and mortgage payable are valued using Level 3 inputs. The carrying values of short term repurchase agreements and other secured financing approximates fair value. Long term repurchase agreements and other secured financing are valued using Level 2 inputs.

12. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill
The Company’s acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method if the acquisition is deemed to be a business. Under the acquisition method, net assets and results of operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The purchase prices are allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. Conversely, any excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired over the purchase price is recognized as a bargain purchase gain.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently when events or circumstances may make it more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. If a qualitative analysis indicates that there may be an impairment, a quantitative analysis is performed. The quantitative impairment test for goodwill utilizes a two-step approach, whereby the Company compares the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit
36

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
is greater than its fair value, the second step is performed, where the implied fair value of goodwill is compared to its carrying value. The Company recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its fair value. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, goodwill totaled $71.8 million.
Intangible assets, net
Finite life intangible assets are amortized over their expected useful lives. The following table presents the activity of finite lived intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Intangible Assets, net
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | 20,957 |
Intangible assets acquired | 6,683 |
Intangible assets divested | (110 | )
Less: amortization expense | (1,052 | )
Balance at March 31, 2020 | $ | 26,478 |

13. SECURED FINANCING

Reverse Repurchase and Repurchase Agreements – The Company finances a significant portion of its assets with repurchase agreements. At the inception of each transaction, the Company assessed each of the specified criteria in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing, and has determined that each of the financing agreements meet the specified criteria in this guidance.
The Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements to earn a yield on excess cash balances. The Company obtains collateral in connection with the reverse repurchase agreements in order to mitigate credit risk exposure to its counterparties.
Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty and the same maturity are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition when the terms of the agreements meet the criteria to permit netting. The Company reports cash flows on repurchase agreements as financing activities and cash flows on reverse repurchase agreements as investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The Company had outstanding $72.6 billion and $101.7 billion of repurchase agreements with weighted average borrowing rates of 1.91% and 1.99%, after giving effect to the Company’s interest rate swaps used to hedge cost of funds, and weighted average remaining maturities of 48 days and 65 days at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company has select arrangements with counterparties to enter into repurchase agreements for $1.6 billion with remaining capacity of $1.2 billion at March 31, 2020.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the repurchase agreements had the following remaining maturities, collateral types and weighted average rates:

March 31, 2020
| Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | CRTs |  | Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | Commercial Loans |  | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | Total Repurchase Agreements |  | Weighted Average Rate
| (dollars in thousands)
1 day | $ | 20,238,083 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,238,083 |  |  | 0.31 | %
2 to 29 days | 19,628,403 |  |  | 108,219 |  |  | 355,896 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,110 |  |  | 20,226,628 |  |  | 1.49 | %
30 to 59 days | 11,984,266 |  |  | — |  |  | 71,040 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,055,306 |  |  | 1.58 | %
60 to 89 days | 10,559,727 |  |  | 76,197 |  |  | 391,033 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,326 |  |  | 11,062,283 |  |  | 1.61 | %
90 to 119 days | 2,291,460 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,291,460 |  |  | 1.80 | %
Over 119 days (1) | 6,125,669 |  |  | — |  |  | 52,190 |  |  | 368,589 |  |  | 159,975 |  |  | 6,706,423 |  |  | 1.74 | %
Total | $ | 70,827,608 |  |  | $ | 184,416 |  |  | $ | 870,159 |  |  | $ | 368,589 |  |  | $ | 329,411 |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | 1.23 | %

37

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

December 31, 2019
| Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | CRTs |  | Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | Commercial Loans |  | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities |  | Total Repurchase Agreements |  | Weighted Average Rate
| (dollars in thousands)
1 day | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | %
2 to 29 days | 36,030,104 |  |  | 237,897 |  |  | 698,091 |  |  | — |  |  | 416,439 |  |  | 37,382,531 |  |  | 2.15 | %
30 to 59 days | 15,079,989 |  |  | — |  |  | 115,805 |  |  | — |  |  | 104,363 |  |  | 15,300,157 |  |  | 2.00 | %
60 to 89 days | 21,931,335 |  |  | 30,841 |  |  | 151,920 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,639 |  |  | 22,117,735 |  |  | 1.97 | %
90 to 119 days | 9,992,914 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,992,914 |  |  | 1.97 | %
Over 119 days (1) | 16,557,123 |  |  | — |  |  | 58,712 |  |  | 303,078 |  |  | 28,478 |  |  | 16,947,391 |  |  | 1.90 | %
Total | $ | 99,591,465 |  |  | $ | 268,738 |  |  | $ | 1,024,528 |  |  | $ | 303,078 |  |  | $ | 552,919 |  |  | $ | 101,740,728 |  |  | 2.03 | %

(1) | No repurchase agreements had a remaining maturity over 1 year at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The following table summarizes the gross amounts of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements, amounts offset in accordance with netting arrangements and net amounts of repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for information related to the effect of netting arrangements on the Company’s derivative instruments.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Reverse Repurchase Agreements |  | Repurchase Agreements |  | Reverse Repurchase Agreements |  | Repurchase Agreements
| (dollars in thousands)
Gross amounts | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 73,580,183 |  |  | $ | 100,000 |  |  | $ | 101,840,728 |
Amounts offset | (1,000,000 | ) |  | (1,000,000 | ) |  | (100,000 | ) |  | (100,000 | )
Netted amounts | $ | — |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 101,740,728 |

Other Secured Financing - The Company also finances a portion of its financial assets with advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB Des Moines”). Borrowings from FHLB Des Moines are reported in Other secured financing in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. At March 31, 2020, $0.9 billion of advances from the FHLB Des Moines mature in less than one year. At December 31, 2019, $1.4 billion of advances from the FHLB Des Moines matured in less than one year and $2.1 billion mature between one to three years. The weighted average rate of the advances from the FHLB Des Moines was 2.04% and 2.16% at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company held $38.6 million and $147.9 million of capital stock in the FHLB Des Moines at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, which is reported at cost and included in Other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Investments pledged as collateral under secured financing arrangements and interest rate swaps, excluding residential and senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs, had an estimated fair value and accrued interest of $80.0 billion and $254.6 million, respectively, at March 31, 2020 and $112.8 billion and $357.9 million, respectively, at December 31, 2019.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
Mortgage loans payable at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, were as follows:

March 31, 2020
Property | Mortgage Carrying Value |  | Mortgage Principal |  | Interest Rate |  | Fixed/Floating Rate |  | Maturity Date |  | Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures | $ | 316,597 |  |  | $ | 318,497 |  |  | 4.03% - 4.96% |  | Fixed |  | 2024 - 2029 |  | First liens
Joint Ventures | 16,471 |  |  | 16,325 |  |  | L+2.15% |  | Floating |  | 2/27/2022 |  | First liens
Virginia | 82,461 |  |  | 84,206 |  |  | 2.34% - 4.55% |  | Fixed |  | 2036 - 2053 |  | First liens
Texas | 31,535 |  |  | 33,023 |  |  | 3.28% |  | Fixed |  | 1/1/2048 and 1/1/2053 |  | First liens
Utah | 9,706 |  |  | 9,706 |  |  | L+2.75% |  | Floating |  | 1/31/2021 |  | First liens
Utah | 7,051 |  |  | 7,069 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Minnesota | 13,193 |  |  | 13,226 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Wisconsin | 7,748 |  |  | 7,768 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Total | $ | 484,762 |  |  | $ | 489,820 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

December 31, 2019
Property | Mortgage Carrying Value |  | Mortgage Principal |  | Interest Rate |  | Fixed/Floating Rate |  | Maturity Date |  | Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures | $ | 316,566 |  |  | $ | 318,562 |  |  | 4.03% - 4.96% |  | Fixed |  | 2024 - 2029 |  | First liens
Joint Ventures | 16,029 |  |  | 16,325 |  |  | L+2.15% |  | Floating |  | 2/27/2022 |  | First liens
Virginia | 82,940 |  |  | 84,702 |  |  | 2.34% - 4.55% |  | Fixed |  | 2036 - 2053 |  | First liens
Texas | 31,667 |  |  | 33,167 |  |  | 3.28% |  | Fixed |  | 1/1/2048 and 1/1/2053 |  | First liens
Utah | 9,706 |  |  | 9,706 |  |  | L+3.50% |  | Floating |  | 1/31/2020 |  | First liens
Utah | 7,077 |  |  | 7,096 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Minnesota | 13,243 |  |  | 13,276 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Wisconsin | 7,777 |  |  | 7,797 |  |  | 3.69% |  | Fixed |  | 6/1/2053 |  | First liens
Total | $ | 485,005 |  |  | $ | 490,631 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The following table details future mortgage loan principal payments at March 31, 2020:

Mortgage Loan Principal Payments
(dollars in thousands)
2020 (remaining) | $ | 2,472 |
2021 | 13,197 |
2022 | 20,034 |
2023 | 3,844 |
2024 | 3,980 |
Later years | 446,293 |
Total | $ | 489,820 |

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

14. CAPITAL STOCK

(A) | Common Stock

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s common shares authorized, and issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

| Shares authorized |  | Shares issued and outstanding |
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 | Par Value
Common stock | 2,914,850,000 |  |  | 2,914,850,000 |  |  | 1,430,424,398 |  |  | 1,430,106,199 |  | $0.01

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, the Company granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
In June 2019, the Company announced that its board of directors (“Board”) had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. No shares were purchased pursuant to this authorization during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
The following table provides a summary of activity related to the Company’s Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program.

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
|  | (dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program |  | — |  |  | 87,000 |
Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 892 |

In January 2018, the Company entered into separate Distribution Agency Agreements (collectively, the “Sales Agreements”) with each of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated, Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC and UBS Securities LLC (the “Sales Agents”). The Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion from time to time through any of the Sales Agents. No shares were issued under the at-the-market sales program during the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued 48.0 million shares for proceeds of $489.0 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.

(B) | Preferred Stock

The following is a summary of the Company’s cumulative redeemable preferred stock outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Company’s then outstanding preferred stock takes precedence over the Company’s common stock with respect to payment of dividends and the distribution of assets.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

| Shares Authorized |  | Shares Issued And Outstanding |  | Carrying Value | Contractual Rate | Earliest Redemption Date (1) | Date At Which Dividend Rate Becomes Floating | Floating Annual Rate
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Fixed-rate |  | (dollars in thousands)
Series D | 18,400,000 |  |  | 18,400,000 |  |  | 18,400,000 |  |  | 18,400,000 |  |  | 445,457 |  |  | 445,457 |  | 7.50% | 9/13/2017 | NA | NA
Fixed-to-floating rate
Series F | 28,800,000 |  |  | 28,800,000 |  |  | 28,800,000 |  |  | 28,800,000 |  |  | 696,910 |  |  | 696,910 |  | 6.95% | 9/30/2022 | 9/30/2022 | 3M LIBOR + 4.993%
Series G | 19,550,000 |  |  | 19,550,000 |  |  | 17,000,000 |  |  | 17,000,000 |  |  | 411,335 |  |  | 411,335 |  | 6.50% | 3/31/2023 | 3/31/2023 | 3M LIBOR + 4.172%
Series I | 18,400,000 |  |  | 18,400,000 |  |  | 17,700,000 |  |  | 17,700,000 |  |  | 428,324 |  |  | 428,324 |  | 6.75% | 6/30/2024 | 6/30/2024 | 3M LIBOR + 4.989%
Total | 85,150,000 |  |  | 85,150,000 |  |  | 81,900,000 |  |  | 81,900,000 |  |  | $ | 1,982,026 |  |  | $ | 1,982,026 |  |  |  |  |
(1) Subject to the Company’s right under limited circumstances to redeem preferred stock earlier in order to preserve its qualification as a REIT or under limited circumstances related to a change in control of the Company.

Each series of preferred stock has a par value of $0.01 per share and a liquidation and redemption price of $25.00, plus accrued and unpaid dividends through their redemption date. Through March 31, 2020, the Company had declared and paid all required quarterly dividends on the Company’s preferred stock.
The Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock and Series I Preferred Stock rank senior to the common stock of the Company.

(C) | Distributions to Stockholders

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s dividend distribution activity for the periods presented:

| For the Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards | $ | 357,819 |  |  | $ | 434,627 |
Distributions declared per common share | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |
Distributions paid to common stockholders after period end | $ | 357,606 |  |  | $ | 434,431 |
Distributions paid per common share after period end | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |
Date of distributions paid to common stockholders after period end | April 30, 2020 |  |  | April 30, 2019 |
Dividends declared to series C preferred stockholders | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,336 |
Dividends declared per share of series C preferred stock (1) | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.477 |
Dividends declared to series D preferred stockholders | $ | 8,625 |  |  | $ | 8,625 |
Dividends declared per share of series D preferred stock | $ | 0.469 |  |  | $ | 0.469 |
Dividends declared to series F preferred stockholders | $ | 12,510 |  |  | $ | 12,510 |
Dividends declared per share of series F preferred stock | $ | 0.434 |  |  | $ | 0.434 |
Dividends declared to series G preferred stockholders | $ | 6,906 |  |  | $ | 6,906 |
Dividends declared per share of series G preferred stock | $ | 0.406 |  |  | $ | 0.406 |
Dividends declared to series H preferred stockholders | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,117 |
Dividends declared per share of series H preferred stock | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.508 |
Dividends declared to series I preferred stockholders | $ | 7,468 |  |  | $ | — |
Dividends declared per share of series I preferred stock | $ | 0.422 |  |  | $ | — |

41

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

15. INTEREST INCOME AND INTEREST EXPENSE

Refer to the Note titled “Significant Accounting Policies” for details surrounding the Company’s accounting policy related to net interest income on securities and loans.
The following table summarizes the interest income recognition methodology for Residential Securities:

| Interest Income Methodology
Agency |
Fixed-rate pass-through (1) | Effective yield (3)
Adjustable-rate pass-through (1) | Effective yield (3)
Multifamily (1) | Contractual Cash Flows
CMO (1) | Effective yield (3)
Reverse mortgages (2) | Prospective
Interest-only (2) | Prospective
Residential credit |
CRT (2) | Prospective
Alt-A (2) | Prospective
Prime (2) | Prospective
Subprime (2) | Prospective
NPL/RPL (2) | Prospective
Prime jumbo (2) | Prospective
Prime jumbo interest-only (2) | Prospective
(1) Changes in fair value are recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). (2) Changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). (3) Effective yield is recalculated for differences between estimated and actual prepayments and the amortized cost is adjusted as if the new effective yield had been applied since inception.

The following presents the components of the Company’s interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019.

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Interest income | (dollars in thousands)
Residential Securities (1) | $ | 410,380 |  |  | $ | 709,774 |
Residential mortgage loans (1) | 47,557 |  |  | 29,991 |
Commercial investment portfolio (1) (2) | 95,676 |  |  | 100,952 |
Reverse repurchase agreements | 1,413 |  |  | 25,469 |
Total interest income | $ | 555,026 |  |  | $ | 866,186 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements | 434,021 |  |  | 579,514 |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | 42,119 |  |  | 34,207 |
Other | 27,333 |  |  | 33,974 |
Total interest expense | 503,473 |  |  | 647,695 |
Net interest income | $ | 51,553 |  |  | $ | 218,491 |
(1) Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles. (2) Includes commercial real estate debt and preferred equity and corporate debt.

16. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and shares used in calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

| For the Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income (loss) | $ | (3,640,189 | ) |  | $ | (849,251 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly | (3,640,255 | ) |  | (849,150 | )
Dividends on preferred stock | 35,509 |  |  | 32,494 |
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders | $ | (3,675,764 | ) |  | $ | (881,644 | )
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding-basic | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Add: Effect of stock awards, if dilutive | — |  |  | — |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding-diluted | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common share |  |  |
Basic | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Diluted | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )

The computations of diluted net income (loss) per share available (related) to common share for the three months ended March 31, 2020 excludes 0.1 million of potentially dilutive restricted stock units and the three months ended March 31, 2019 excludes options to purchase 0.2 million shares of common stock, due to the anti-dilutive effect.

17. INCOME TAXES

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 the Company was qualified to be taxed as a REIT under Code Sections 856 through 860. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. To maintain qualification as a REIT, the Company must distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders and meet certain other requirements that relate to, among other things, assets it may hold, income it may generate and its stockholder composition. It is generally the Company’s policy to distribute 100% of its REIT taxable income. To the extent there is any undistributed REIT taxable income at the end of a year, the Company distributes such shortfall within the next year as permitted by the Code.
The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Annaly TRS, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of Mountain Merger Sub Corp., have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs. As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon their taxable income.
The provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), clarify the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in financial statements and prescribe a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. ASC 740 also requires that interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits be recognized in the financial statements. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits that would affect its financial position. Thus, no accruals for penalties and interest were deemed necessary at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The state and local tax jurisdictions for which the Company is subject to tax-filing obligations recognize the Company’s status as a REIT, and therefore, the Company generally does not pay income tax in such jurisdictions. The Company may, however, be subject to certain minimum state and local tax filing fees as well as certain excise, franchise or business taxes. The Company’s TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, the Company recorded ($26.7) million and $2.6 million, respectively, of income tax expense (benefit) attributable to its TRSs. The Company’s federal, state and local tax returns from 2016 and forward remain open for examination.

18. RISK MANAGEMENT

The primary risks to the Company are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk and credit risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the Company’s control. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with the interest bearing liabilities, by affecting the spread between the interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates can also affect the value of the interest earning assets and the Company’s ability to realize gains from the sale of these assets. A decline in the value of the interest earning assets pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements and derivative contracts could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral or liquidating some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.
The Company may seek to mitigate the potential financial impact by entering into interest rate agreements such as interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and other hedges.
Weakness in the mortgage market, the shape of the yield curve and changes in the expectations for the volatility of future interest rates may adversely affect the performance and market value of the Company’s investments. This could negatively impact the Company’s book value. Furthermore, if many of the Company’s lenders are unwilling or unable to provide additional financing, the Company could be forced to sell its investments at an inopportune time when prices are depressed. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating risks, including conducting scenario and sensitivity analyses and utilizing a range of hedging strategies.
The payment of principal and interest on the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities, which exclude CRT securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, is guaranteed by those respective agencies and the payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Substantially all of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities have an actual or implied “AAA” rating.
The Company faces credit risk on the portions of its portfolio which are not guaranteed by the respective Agency or by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The Company is exposed to credit risk on CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, real estate investments, commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, CRT securities, other non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt. MSR values may also be adversely impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. The Company is exposed to risk of loss if an issuer, borrower, tenant or counterparty fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, limiting transactions with specific counterparties, maintaining qualifying collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of issuers, borrowers, tenants and counterparties.
The conditions related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) could further impact the aforementioned primary risks to the Company. The significant decrease in economic activity and/or the resulting decline in the housing market could have an adverse
43

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
effect on the value of the Company’s investments in mortgage real estate-related assets, particularly residential real estate assets. Further, borrowers may experience difficulties meeting their obligations or seek to forbear payment on or refinance their mortgage loans to avail themselves of lower rates which may have an adverse impact on the value of the Company’s mortgage real estate related-assets. In addition to residential mortgage-related assets, the adverse economic conditions could negatively impact tenants in the Company’s commercial property assets and/or businesses in which it lends to in connection with its middle market lending activities, resulting in potential delinquencies, defaults or declines in asset values.
If conditions related to COVID-19 persist, the Company could also experience an unwillingness or inability of its potential lenders to provide the Company with or renew financing, increased margin calls, and/or additional capital requirements particularly in connection with the Company’s less liquid credit assets. These conditions could force the Company to sell its assets at inopportune times or otherwise cause the Company to potentially revise its strategic business initiatives, which could adversely affect its business. The extent of the COVID 19-related disruptions, the duration of the pandemic and the effectiveness of government policies, laws and plans are unknown at this time.

19. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Management Agreement
On February 12, 2020, the Company entered an internalization agreement (the “Internalization Agreement”) with the Manager and certain affiliates of the Manager. Pursuant to the Internalization Agreement, the Company agreed to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of the Manager and the Manager’s direct and indirect parent companies from their respective owners (the “Internalization”) for nominal cash consideration ($1.00). Upon closing of the Internalization, the Management Agreement will be terminated. If the closing does not occur, the Management Agreement will remain in place on the terms and conditions described herein. Until the closing of the Internalization, management of the Company will continue to be conducted by the Manager through the authority delegated to it in the Management Agreement and pursuant to the policies established by the Board. The management agreement was amended and restated on August 1, 2018, and further amended on March 27, 2019 (the management agreement, as amended and restated, is referred to as “Management Agreement”).
Until the closing of the Internalization, the Manager, under the Management Agreement and subject to the supervision and direction of the Board, is responsible for (i) the selection, purchase and sale of assets for the Company’s investment portfolio; (ii) recommending alternative forms of capital raising; (iii) supervising the Company’s financing and hedging activities; and (iv) day to day management functions. The Manager also performs such other supervisory and management services and activities relating to the Company’s assets and operations as may be appropriate. In exchange for the management services, the Company pays the Manager a monthly management fee, and the Manager is responsible for providing personnel to manage the Company. Prior to the most recent amendment to the Management Agreement, which was executed on March 27, 2019, the Company had paid the Manager a flat monthly management fee equal to 1/12th of 1.05% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) for its management services. Pursuant to the March 27, 2019 amendment to the Management Agreement, the Company now, and until the closing of the Internalization, pays the Manager a monthly management fee for its management services in an amount equal to 1/12th of the sum of (i) 1.05% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) up to $17.28 billion, and (ii) 0.75% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) in excess of $17.28 billion. The Company does not pay the Manager any incentive fees.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the compensation and management fee was $40.8 million and $44.8 million, respectively.
Following the unanimous approval of the Company’s independent directors (the “Independent Directors”), in August 2018, the Company began reimbursing the Manager for certain services in connection with the management and operations of the Company and its subsidiaries as permitted under the terms of the Management Agreement. Such reimbursable expenses include the cost for certain legal, tax, accounting and other support and advisory services provided by employees of the Manager to the Company. Pursuant to the Management Agreement, until the closing of the Internalization, the Company may reimburse the Manager for the cost of such services, provided such costs are no greater than those that would be payable to comparable third party providers. Expense reimbursements and related waivers are routinely reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Board in conformance with established policies. Reimbursement payments to the Manager were $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. None of the reimbursement payments are attributable to compensation of the Company’s executive officers.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the Company had amounts payable to the Manager of $13.9 million and $15.8 million, respectively.
The Management Agreement’s current term ends on December 31, 2021 and, if the closing of the Internalization does not occur, will automatically renew for successive two-year terms unless at least two-thirds of the Independent Directors or the holders of a
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements
majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock in their sole discretion elect to terminate the agreement for any or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice (such notice, a “Termination Notice”).
If the Company makes an election to terminate the Management Agreement as described above, the Company may elect to accelerate the termination date (the “Termination Date”) to a date that is between seven and 90 days after the date of the Company’s delivery of a Termination Notice (the “Notice Delivery Date”). If the Company does not make an election to accelerate the Termination Date, then the Manager may elect to accelerate the Termination Date to the date that is 90 days after the Notice Delivery Date. If the Termination Date is accelerated (such date, the “Accelerated Termination Date”) by either the Company or the Manager, in addition to any amounts accrued for the period prior to the Accelerated Termination Date, the Company shall pay the Manager an acceleration fee (the “Acceleration Fee”) in an amount equal to the average annual management fee earned by the Manager during the 24-month period immediately preceding such Accelerated Termination Date multiplied by a fraction with a numerator of 365 minus the number of days from the Notice Delivery Date to the Accelerated Termination Date, and a denominator of 365.
The Management Agreement may also be terminated by the Manager for any reason or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice, or with shorter notice periods by either the Company or the Manager for cause or by the Company in the event of a sale of the Manager that was not pre-approved by the Independent Directors. The Management Agreement may be amended or modified by agreement between the Company and the Manager.

20. LEASE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2019 with no impact to retained earnings or other components of equity. The Company’s operating leases are primarily comprised of a corporate office lease with a remaining lease term of five years. The corporate office lease includes an option to extend for up to five years, however the extension term was not included in the operating lease liability calculation. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease cost for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $0.8 million.
Supplemental information related to leases as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was as follows:

| Operating Leases | Classification | March 31, 2020
| Assets | (dollars in thousands)
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | Other assets | $ | 15,140 |
| Liabilities
| Operating lease liabilities (1) | Other liabilities | $ | 19,656 |
| Lease term and discount rate
| Weighted average remaining lease term |  | 5.4 years
| Weighted average discount rate (1) |  | 2.9%
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
| Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | $ | 928 |
| (1) As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The following table provides details related to maturities of lease liabilities:

| Maturity of Lease Liabilities
Years ending December 31, | (dollars in thousands)
2020 (remaining) | $ | 2,871 |
2021 | 3,918 |
2022 | 3,862 |
2023 | 3,862 |
2024 | 3,862 |
Later years | 2,895 |
Total lease payments | $ | 21,270 |
Less imputed interest | 1,614 |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 19,656 |

Contingencies
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Item 1. Financial Statements
From time to time, the Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. There were no material contingencies at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
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Item 1. Financial Statements

21. ARCOLA REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Arcola is the Company’s wholly owned and consolidated broker-dealer. Arcola is subject to regulations of the securities business that include but are not limited to trade practices, use and safekeeping of funds and securities, capital structure, recordkeeping and conduct of directors, officers and employees.
Arcola is a member of various clearing organizations with which it maintains cash required to conduct its day-to-day clearance activities. Arcola enters into reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements as part of its matched book trading activity. Reverse repurchase agreements are recorded on settlement date at the contractual amount and are collateralized by mortgage-backed or other securities. Arcola generates income from the spread between what is earned on the reverse repurchase agreements and what is paid on the matched repurchase agreements. Arcola’s policy is to obtain possession of collateral with a market value in excess of the principal amount loaned under reverse repurchase agreements. To ensure that the market value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, collateral is valued daily, and Arcola will require counterparties to deposit additional collateral, when necessary. All reverse repurchase activities are transacted under master repurchase agreements or other documentation that give Arcola the right, in the event of default, to liquidate collateral held and in some instances, to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty.
As a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), Arcola is required to maintain a minimum net capital balance. At March 31, 2020 Arcola had a minimum net capital requirement of $0.3 million. Arcola consistently operates with capital in excess of its regulatory capital requirements. Arcola’s regulatory net capital as defined by SEC Rule 15c3-1 at March 31, 2020 was $409.0 million with excess net capital of $408.7 million.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this quarterly report, and certain statements contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”), in our press releases or in our other public or stockholder communications contain or incorporate by reference certain forward-looking statements which are based on various assumptions (some of which are beyond our control) and may be identified by reference to a future period or periods or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “continue,” or similar terms or variations on those terms or the negative of those terms. Actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, risks and uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including as related to adverse economic conditions on real estate-related assets and financing conditions (and our outlook for our business in light of these conditions, which is uncertain); changes in interest rates; changes in the yield curve; changes in prepayment rates; the availability of mortgage-backed securities and other securities for purchase; the availability of financing and, if available, the terms of any financing; changes in the market value of our assets; changes in business conditions and the general economy; our ability to grow our commercial business; our ability to grow our residential credit business; our ability to grow our middle market lending business; credit risks related to our investments in credit risk transfer securities, residential mortgage-backed securities and related residential mortgage credit assets, commercial real estate assets and corporate debt; risks related to investments in MSRs; our ability to consummate any contemplated investment opportunities; changes in government regulations or policy affecting our business; our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act; and risks and uncertainties associated with the Internalization, including but not limited to the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the Internalization Agreement; the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against the parties to the Internalization Agreement; the inability to complete the Internalization due to the failure to satisfy closing conditions or otherwise; risks that the Internalization disrupts our current plans and operations; the impact, if any, of the announcement or pendency of the Internalization on our relationships with third parties; and the amount of the costs, fees, expenses charges related to the Internalization; and the risk that the expected benefits, including long-term cost savings, of the Internalization are not achieved. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, see “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake, and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. All references to “Annaly,” “we,” “us,” or “our” mean Annaly Capital Management, Inc. and all entities owned by us, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company. Refer to the section titled “Glossary of Terms” located at the end of this Item 2 for definitions of commonly used terms in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

INDEX TO ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
| Page
Overview | 50
Business Environment and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) | 50
Economic Environment | 53
Results of Operations | 54
Net Income (Loss) Summary | 54
Non-GAAP Financial Measures | 54
Core earnings (excluding PAA), core earnings (excluding PAA) attributable to common stockholders, core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share and annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA) | 55
Premium Amortization Expense | 57
Interest Income (excluding PAA), economic interest expense and economic net interest income (excluding PAA) | 57
Experienced and Projected Long-term CPR | 58
Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) and Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA) | 58
Economic Interest Expense and Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities | 59
Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses) | 59
Other Income (Loss) | 59
General and Administrative Expenses | 60
Return on Average Equity | 60
Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments | 60
Financial Condition | 61
Residential Securities | 61
Contractual Obligations | 64
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements | 64
Capital Management | 64
Stockholders’ Equity | 65
Capital Stock | 65
Leverage and Capital | 65
Risk Management | 66
Risk Appetite | 66
Governance | 66
Description of Risks | 66
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk Management | 67
Funding | 67
Excess Liquidity | 68
Maturity Profile | 70
Stress Testing | 71
Liquidity Management Policies | 71
Investment/Market Risk Management | 72
Credit Risk Management | 73
Counterparty Risk Management | 73
Operational Risk Management | 74
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk Management | 74
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates | 75
Valuation of Financial Instruments | 75
Residential Securities | 75
Residential Mortgage Loans | 75
Commercial Real Estate Investments | 75
Interest Rate Swaps | 76
Revenue Recognition | 76
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities | 76
Use of Estimates | 76
Glossary of Terms | 77

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Overview
We are a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and optimize our returns through prudent management of our diversified investment strategies. We are a Maryland corporation founded in 1997 that has elected to be taxed as a REIT. Until the closing of the Internalization (as defined below), we will continue to be externally managed by the Manager. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “NLY.”
We use our capital coupled with borrowed funds to invest primarily in real estate related investments, earning the spread between the yield on our assets and the cost of our borrowings and hedging activities.
For a full discussion of our business, refer to the section titled “Business Overview” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Recent Developments
Internalization
On February 12, 2020, we entered into the Internalization Agreement with our Manager and certain affiliates of our Manager. Pursuant to the Internalization Agreement, we agreed to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of our Manager and our Manager’s direct and indirect parent companies from their respective owners (the “Internalization”) for a nominal cash purchase price of one dollar ($1.00). As a result of the Internalization, our Manager will cease to perform any outside management services for us and we will become an internally-managed REIT. We anticipate that the closing will occur in the second quarter of 2020.
In connection with the Internalization, we entered into employment and severance contracts with our executive officers (other than Mr. Votek) that will become effective at the closing of the Internalization. In addition, the Management Agreement will be terminated at the closing of the Internalization, and our Manager has agreed to waive any Acceleration Fee (as defined in the Management Agreement) solely as related to the closing of the Internalization. If the closing does not occur, the Management Agreement will revert to the form it was in immediately prior to the execution of the Internalization Agreement in all respects, including with respect to the Acceleration Fee. Upon closing of the Internalization, all employees of the Manager will become employees of Annaly, Annaly will no longer pay a management fee to the Manager, and Annaly going forward will pay the compensation of all employees.
The Internalization Agreement and the related transactions and agreements were approved by our board of directors (“Board”), with the unanimous approval of the independent directors of the Board, following the unanimous recommendation of the Special Committee. Both the Special Committee and the Manager obtained advice from separate legal and independent financial advisors. The Special Committee was also assisted by an independent compensation consultant that was retained by the Compensation Committee in connection with the employment arrangements discussed above.
The consummation of the Internalization is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions and may not close on the terms or under the conditions described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or at all. For more information regarding the Internalization, the Internalization Agreement and the various related employment arrangement with our employees (including our senior management), please see our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 12, 2020.
Appointment of Chief Executive Officer
On March 13, 2020, the Board appointed our Chief Investment Officer David L. Finkelstein as Chief Executive Officer and elected Mr. Finkelstein as a member of the Board. On the same date, Glenn A. Votek stepped down as our Interim Chief Executive Officer and President and was appointed to the role of Senior Advisor for an interim period to assist in the transition of his duties to Mr. Finkelstein. Mr. Votek continues to serve as a member of the Board.
Business Environment and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”)
Description of pandemic
The first quarter of 2020 marked a global outbreak of COVID-19. The COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, and on March 13, 2020, President Trump declared a national emergency in the United States. These conditions have caused a significant disruption in the U.S. and world economies. To slow the spread of COVID-19, many countries, including the U.S., have implemented social distancing measures, which have prohibited large gatherings, including at sporting events, movie theaters, religious services and schools, and many regions, including the majority of U.S. states, have
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
required additional measures, such as shelter-in-place and stay-at-home orders. In certain U.S. cities and states, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused a near total cessation of all non-essential economic activity. Many businesses have moved to a remote working environment, temporarily suspended operations, laid off a significant percentage of their workforce and/or shut down completely. These conditions are expected to continue over the near term and may prevail throughout 2020.
Impact on global and U.S. economy, markets and sector
COVID-19 and the related social distancing measures have had a broad negative impact on the U.S. and global economies as many businesses, particularly smaller ones within the service sector, have been forced to close, furlough and/or lay off employees. As a result, U.S. unemployment claims have dramatically risen at unprecedented rates. Other economic activity, including retail sales and industrial production, have slowed as well. Current forecasts of economic activity suggest a meaningful economic contraction in the first half of 2020, with the potential for some economic recovery later in 2020. However, the pace, timing and strength of any recovery are unknown and difficult to predict.
Given the sharp reduction in economic activity, financial markets have seen elevated volatility across nearly every asset class. Interest rate markets have seen yield levels decline to all-time lows, with the entire U.S. Treasury curve out to 10-years declining to levels below one percent due to a combination of strong demand for risk-free assets and declining expectations for future inflation resulting from the economic contraction. Meanwhile, equity markets declined sharply and credit spreads widened as expectations for corporate earnings declined and the impact of COVID-19 on credit assets remains unclear.
As the conditions created by the COVID-19 outbreak became more acute, financial markets began to experience severe dislocations and volatility. In order to maintain adequate liquidity in preparation for the expected economic contraction, companies began to increase cash levels notably in March, in turn de-levering their businesses. In fixed income markets specifically, this created acute selling pressures in U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS, the two markets with the deepest liquidity profile and hence the greatest potential for raising cash.
In order to increase liquidity, fixed income investors were compelled to sell U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS, given their comparative liquidity versus other fixed income assets, leading to an excess supply of these assets in need of redistribution. Pressure in financing markets and the need to meet margin obligations created additional selling pressure in U.S. Treasury and Agency MBS markets. This negative feedback loop was ultimately disrupted by the Federal Reserve’s asset purchases and other institutions’ ability to invest sidelined cash at attractive valuations. Other markets, including the market for residential credit and commercial real estate securities, also saw de-levering flows and similar cyclical feedback loops taking place, albeit on a lesser scale.
The de-levering flows impacted the Agency MBS market due to its greater liquidity relative to other less liquid asset classes, and the sector saw meaningful underperformance versus comparable hedges for a short period of time in mid-March. Other securitized asset markets saw similar dramatic underperformance in pricing. Policy makers’ actions appear to have stabilized Agency MBS spreads and other securitized credit markets, both of which tightened meaningfully during the last week of March and continuing into the second quarter of 2020.
The less liquid markets that make up a significant portion of our credit portfolio, such as the residential whole loan, the commercial real estate loan and the middle market lending markets, also experienced significant disruption over this crisis period, marked by a sharp retraction in volumes, and a lack of access to credit for borrowers.
Fed policy and Congressional stimulus
The Federal Reserve and the U.S. Congress have taken steps to attempt to mitigate the materially adverse economic impact from COVID-19 and the deterioration in risk sentiment in financial markets. Similar actions have been taken by numerous governments and central banks around the globe, including many European countries, which were among the other hardest hit countries from the virus.
Specifically, in March the Federal Reserve lowered the Federal Funds Target Rate by an aggregate 1.5% to the current target range of 0-0.25%, established numerous lending facilities to support liquidity and credit intermediation including an expansion of repo operations, and restarted quantitative easing programs in U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS markets where the Federal Reserve announced it will make “purchases in the amounts needed to support smooth market functioning and effective transmission of monetary policy to broader financial conditions and the economy.” These measures have helped to support financial markets and may assist an economic recovery after the impact of the virus subsides.
In addition to monetary policy response, the U.S. Congress has passed three rounds of fiscal stimulus measures, the most notable being the passage of the $2.2 trillion Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (or “CARES Act”), which has included
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
numerous relief measures for households and businesses directly or indirectly impacted by the virus. Relevant to the mortgage industry, the CARES Act includes provisions for COVID-19 related temporary forbearance on federally backed mortgage loans, which allows borrowers of loans guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae to suspend making principal and interest payments for a period of up to 360 days if they are facing hardship. Following the period, mortgage servicers would have to provide several options to impacted borrowers, including a repayment schedule or loan modification, depending on the borrowers’ circumstances. The Federal Housing Finance Agency has affirmed that loans in COVID-19 payment forbearance plans will remain in MBS pools for at least the duration of the forbearance plans. However, it remains unclear whether temporary forbearance will lead to permanent modifications and thus higher buyouts and prepayments in coming months on some portion of loans that are provided forbearance relief. We consider this uncertainty when positioning our Agency MBS portfolio.
Additionally, borrowers in our residential credit portfolio are being granted COVID-19 related forbearances on their mortgage payments. In connection with a portion of mortgage loans in our securitizations, our wholly-owned subsidiary Onslow Bay Financial LLC is responsible for advancing delinquent principal and interest to the securitization trusts for up to four months. We expect cumulative advancing obligations related to the COVID-19 forbearances to be small relative to our overall liquidity position and that these advances may ultimately be recovered.
Active Portfolio Management During the Quarter
During the period of dislocation in March and through the end of the first quarter, maintaining a strong capital position became the primary focus of our asset and liability management strategy. Given that our portfolio is comprised of both liquid and illiquid assets, and our funding is a mixture of recourse and non-recourse facilities, we chose to sell across our liquid securities positions, divesting first in Agency MBS securities, followed by both non-agency residential and commercial mortgage backed securities to maintain appropriate liquidity and a prudent leverage ratio.
At the same time we reduced securitized product asset holdings, we also reduced the size of our hedge portfolio to manage portfolio interest rate exposure in light of MBS duration contraction. During the first quarter of 2020, we eliminated our futures position and reduced interest rate swaps and interest rate swaptions where prudent. We also benefited from our receiver interest rate swaption positioning, which we had entered into late in 2019 and earlier in the first quarter of 2020, a strategy that was explicitly designed to protect us against scenarios of extreme declines in interest rate yield levels. Following these actions, as of March 31, 2020, our portfolio consisted of 93% Agency MBS, and our total portfolio was $99.3 billion, compared to $128.7 billion at December 31, 2019, while our repo balance was accordingly reduced to $72.6 billion from $101.7 billion at December 31, 2019.
In light of portfolio repositioning, we closed the quarter with a strong liquidity position comprised of cash and unencumbered Agency MBS totaling $4.6 billion and total unencumbered assets of $6.9 billion. The profile of our repurchase agreement portfolio remains shorter in average days relative to prior quarters, as term markets have not been as fluid in this environment. However, the health and the liquidity in the FICC market appears relatively stable and we are able to access this financing market through our wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, Arcola. Moreover, our economic leverage at March 31, 2020 was 6.8x, 0.4x lower than at December 31, 2019. Our repo operations remained orderly with no collateral or margining issues, and we continue to focus on protecting our capital through this period of elevated uncertainty.
While January and February saw continued activity in our new origination loan and securitization businesses, there were limited executions in our loan portfolios over the course of March as loan markets across these assets classes have abruptly come to a near-halt since the onset of the pandemic. Our origination and underwriting teams have concentrated their efforts on continued active monitoring of our existing loans, and on maintaining outreach with our borrowers. We engage in regular dialogue with our servicers on the residential credit portion of our portfolio, to ensure that we are keeping in line with the developing industry stance on forbearance. We are in active contact with our sponsors and borrowers in our middle market lending portfolio, and we continue to monitor the specific economic landscape and developments that apply to these borrowers. We believe our middle market lending portfolio is well positioned to withstand the near-term effects of the pandemic given our defensive industry composition and concentrations. In our commercial real estate equity portfolio, we and our operating partners are in frequent communication with our tenants and lenders. Requests for COVID-19-related relief from tenants and commercial real estate borrowers are being handled on a case-by-case basis. All three of our lending businesses continue to engage in active dialogue with their respective credit providers and have had minimal, if any, disruptions.
Business Continuity
Our well-established Business Continuity Planning (“BCP”) has been designed to ensure continued, effective operations through a variety of scenarios including natural disasters and disease pandemics. It identifies critical systems, processes, roles and third parties, and can be adjusted on a real-time basis to address situations as they arise.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
The BCP is regularly updated and tested. Annual testing includes extensive, remote Disaster Recovery testing and tabletop exercise scenarios with management. Key tenets of the planning include active communication between our Crisis Response Team, which is comprised of senior leaders across a number of functions, and our internal and external stakeholders to afford efficient, thoughtful, effective responses to evolving emergency situations.
Historical tabletop exercises have included use of CDC Influenza Pandemic exercise materials. That exercise documented our response and possible impacts to a variety of scenarios, including those in which “shelter in place orders” were required and response / impact assessments to those scenarios. Regular meetings were commenced to implement and review active internal and external communications planning. These exercises, along with regulatory and industry guidance, informed our staged response to the conditions created by COVID-19. We took proactive actions, which included canceling non-essential travel and instituting 100% remote working, ahead of New York State-mandated requirements. To protect the health and well-being of our employees, their families and communities remote work requirements began in phases in early March, culminating with a company-wide exercise on March 13, 2020 to test connectivity and functionality. All employees were able to successfully perform their duties in this testing and we have operated remotely since that time.
As a result, all of our business activities are currently and will continue to be performed remotely until such time that federal, state and local authorities issue further guidance and our Crisis Response Team deems it appropriate for employees to return to our corporate office. Throughout this period there were no significant changes to processes or controls resulting from remote work requirements.
Outlook
As a diversified capital manager, we strategically allocate capital to seek attractive risk adjusted returns in any operating environment. Looking ahead, we anticipate that our short-term capital allocation strategy will be weighted primarily in the Agency sector while we obtain more information on the outlook for the economy. Given that there are still many unknowns regarding the effects of COVID-19 and considering that, as a levered participant, we must remain focused on the stability of financing available for our investments, we believe that Agency MBS appears to provide an opportunity for strong risk and liquidity adjusted returns in the current market. We view the technical environment for Agency MBS to be positive as we expect that the sector will see continued support from the Federal Reserve. Additionally, we expect the actions of policymakers to dampen volatility and support a normalization of market functioning. While a great deal of uncertainty remains, we view the environment for managing the interest rate and convexity risk in Agency MBS as favorable heading into the second quarter of 2020.
Meanwhile, we anticipate that there may be further dislocations in our other businesses as the economic impact of the actions taken to contain COVID-19 become more pronounced. As we look past the near term, we expect that market participants with sufficient liquidity will be able to take advantage of the numerous options and methods for investment that will likely develop as the residential and commercial finance markets recalibrate.
Economic Environment
The pace of economic growth slowed meaningfully during the first quarter, with U.S. gross domestic product (“GDP”) registering a 4.8% decline on a seasonally adjusted annualized rate. Economic growth contracted as the COVID-19 pandemic led to wide-spread closures of manufacturing and services businesses, while disrupting global supply chains. The economic downturn is expected to increase in the second quarter. Thereafter, the degree, timing and velocity of any recovery is highly uncertain.
The Federal Reserve (“Fed”) currently conducts monetary policy with a dual mandate: full employment and price stability. The unemployment rate rose to 4.4% in March after reading just 3.5% in February according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The more than nine years of consecutive rising employment came to a halt in March, which recorded 701 thousand job losses, with average monthly job growth in the first quarter of 2020 to decline by 71 thousand, well below the average monthly 210 thousand job gains seen in the prior quarter. The job losses and rise in the unemployment rate are expected to accelerate in the second quarter, as the period since the end of March and throughout April saw a cumulative record 30 million Americans file for unemployment benefits. Though it remains unclear as to how many of these individuals will be reported as unemployed, the likelihood that most of these job seekers have not been able to find work is very high. Wage growth, as measured by the year-over-year change in private sector Average Hourly Earnings, remained roughly unchanged, reading 3.1% in the month of March 2020 compared to 3.0% in December 2019.
Inflation remained below the Fed’s 2% target in the first quarter of 2020 as measured by the year-over-year changes in the Personal Consumption Expenditure Chain Price Index (“PCE”). The headline PCE measure increased by 1.3% year-over-year in March 2020. The more stable core PCE measure, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, registered a similar 1.7% year-over-year increase, roughly in line with the 1.6% year-over-year growth measured in December 2019. Despite the stability in inflation measures in the first quarter, the Fed appears worried that the core and headline PCE measures will continue to decline in coming months given the sharp economic downturn.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
In March, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) reduced the Federal Funds Rate outside of regularly scheduled meetings twice by a total of 150 bps to a range 0.00% - 0.25% to fight the COVID-19 related slowdown in the U.S. and global economy. In addition, the FOMC restarted the quantitative easing program and announced a number of lending and liquidity programs to support the U.S. economy. As such, asset purchases and liquidity provisions have increased the Fed’s balance sheet in excess of 50% between the March and April FOMC meetings, a rate of unprecedented growth in light of the severe economic impact of the pandemic.
During the first quarter ending March 31, 2020, the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate rallied 125 bps as the impact of COVID-19 and the related social distancing measures led to sharp underperformance of risk assets and strong demand for interest rate products. The mortgage basis, or the spread between the 30-year Agency mortgage-backed security coupon and 10-year U.S. Treasury rate, had a volatile first quarter, rising meaningfully amid higher volatility and increased investor concerns over mortgage refinancing activity. The meaningful widening in the mortgage basis, however, was ultimately predominantly driven by a short period in March, when investors sought liquidity, forcing them to sell U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS. The widening appeared to be ultimately halted by the Fed’s asset purchases, which have helped to normalize market functioning on a relative basis.
The following table presents interest rates and spreads at each date presented:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  | March 31, 2019
30-Year mortgage current coupon | 1.80% |  | 2.71% |  | 3.11%
Mortgage basis | 113 bps |  | 79 bps |  | 70 bps
10-Year U.S. Treasury rate | 0.67% |  | 1.92% |  | 2.41%
LIBOR |  |  |  |  |
1-Month | 0.99% |  | 1.76% |  | 2.49%
6-Month | 1.18% |  | 1.91% |  | 2.66%

London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) Transition
We have established a cross-functional LIBOR transition committee to determine our transition plan and facilitate an orderly transition to alternative reference rates. Our plan includes steps to evaluate exposure, review contracts, assess impact to our business, process and technology and define a communication strategy with shareholders, regulators and other stakeholders. The committee also continues to engage with industry working groups and other market participants regarding the transition.
Results of Operations
The results of our operations are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control. Certain of such risks and uncertainties are described herein (see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above) and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
This Management Discussion and Analysis section contains analysis and discussion of financial results computed in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and non-GAAP measurements. To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide non-GAAP financial measures to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers.
Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.
Net Income (Loss) Summary
The following table presents financial information related to our results of operations as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

| As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest income | $ | 555,026 |  |  | $ | 866,186 |
Interest expense | 503,473 |  |  | 647,695 |
Net interest income | 51,553 |  |  | 218,491 |
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) | (3,655,741 | ) |  | (1,011,926 | )
Other income (loss) | 14,926 |  |  | 30,502 |
Less: Total general and administrative expenses | 77,629 |  |  | 83,737 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (3,666,891 | ) |  | (846,670 | )
Income taxes | (26,702 | ) |  | 2,581 |
Net income (loss) | (3,640,189 | ) |  | (849,251 | )
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly | (3,640,255 | ) |  | (849,150 | )
Less: Dividends on preferred stock | 35,509 |  |  | 32,494 |
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders | $ | (3,675,764 | ) |  | $ | (881,644 | )
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders |  |  |
Basic | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Diluted | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |
Basic | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Diluted | 1,430,994,319 |  |  | 1,398,614,205 |
Other information |  |  |
Asset portfolio at period-end | $ | 92,129,743 |  |  | $ | 114,472,879 |
Average total assets | $ | 113,606,178 |  |  | $ | 112,480,038 |
Average equity | $ | 14,251,937 |  |  | $ | 14,949,623 |
Leverage at period-end (1) | 6.4:1 |  |  | 6.1:1 |
Economic leverage at period-end (2) | 6.8:1 |  |  | 7.0:1 |
Capital ratio (3) | 12.3 | % |  | 12.0 | %
Annualized return on average total assets | (12.82 | %) |  | (3.02 | )%
Annualized return on average equity | (102.17 | %) |  | (22.72 | )%
Net interest margin (4) | 0.18 | % |  | 0.79 | %
Average yield on interest earning assets (5) | 1.91 | % |  | 3.15 | %
Average GAAP cost of interest bearing liabilities (6) | 1.86 | % |  | 2.71 | %
Net interest spread | 0.05 | % |  | 0.44 | %
Weighted average experienced CPR for the period | 13.6 | % |  | 7.3 | %
Weighted average projected long-term CPR at period-end | 17.7 | % |  | 11.6 | %
Common stock book value per share | $ | 7.50 |  |  | $ | 9.67 |
Non-GAAP metrics (7) |  |  |
Interest income (excluding PAA) | $ | 845,748 |  |  | $ | 948,057 |
Economic interest expense (6) | $ | 517,453 |  |  | $ | 513,660 |
Economic net interest income (excluding PAA) | $ | 328,295 |  |  | $ | 434,397 |
Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit) | $ | 290,722 |  |  | $ | 81,871 |
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (8) | $ | 330,218 |  |  | $ | 433,155 |
Core earnings (excluding PAA) per common share | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.29 |
Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA) | 9.27 | % |  | 11.59 | %
Net interest margin (excluding PAA) (4) | 1.18 | % |  | 1.51 | %
Average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) (5) | 2.91 | % |  | 3.45 | %
Average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities (6) | 1.91 | % |  | 2.15 | %
Net interest spread (excluding PAA) | 1.00 | % |  | 1.30 | %
(1) Debt consists of repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us. (2) Computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, cost basis of TBA and CMBX derivatives outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity. (3) Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs. (4) Net interest margin r epresents our interest income less interest expense divided by the average interest earning assets. Net interest margin (excluding PAA) r epresents the sum of our interest income (excluding PAA) plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average interest earning assets plus average outstanding TBA contract and CMBX balances. (5) Average yield on interest earning assets represents annualized interest income divided by average interest earning assets. Average interest earning assets reflects the average amortized cost of our investments during the period. Average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) is calculated using annualized interest income (excluding PAA). (6) Average GAAP cost of interest bearing liabilities represents annualized interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average balances during the period. Average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (7) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information. (8) Excludes dividends on preferred stock.

GAAP
Net income (loss) was ($3.6) billion, which includes $0.1 million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($2.57) per average basic common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($849.3) million, which includes ($0.1) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($0.63) per average basic common share, for the same period in 2019. We attribute the majority of the change in net income (loss) to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings, partially offset by favorable changes in net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other and net gains (losses) on other derivatives. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($2.8) billion for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($390.6) million for the same period in 2019. Unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was ($730.2) million compared to $47.6 million for the same period in 2019. Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was $206.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($115.2) million for the same period in 2019. Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other was $206.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($93.9) million for the same period in 2019. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2 for additional information related to this change.
Non-GAAP
Core earnings (excluding premium amortization adjustment (“PAA”)) were $330.2 million, or $0.21 per average common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to $433.2 million, or $0.29 per average common share, for the same period in 2019. The change in core earnings (excluding PAA) during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to increased amortization due to asset sales, lower coupon income resulting from a decrease in the average yield on interest earnings assets and unfavorable changes in the net interest component of interest rate swaps, partially offset by lower interest expense from lower borrowing rates.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
54

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide the following non-GAAP financial measures.

• | core earnings (excluding PAA);

• | core earnings (excluding PAA) attributable to common stockholders;

• | core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share;

• | annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA);

• | interest income (excluding PAA);

• | economic interest expense;

• | economic net interest income (excluding PAA);

• | average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA);

• | average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities;

• | net interest margin (excluding PAA); and

• | net interest spread (excluding PAA).

These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures computed in accordance with GAAP. While intended to offer a fuller understanding of our results and operations, non-GAAP financial measures also have limitations. For example, we may calculate our non-GAAP metrics, such as core earnings (excluding PAA), or the PAA, differently than our peers making comparative analysis difficult. Additionally, in the case of non-GAAP measures that exclude the PAA, the amount of amortization expense excluding the PAA is not necessarily representative of the amount of future periodic amortization nor is it indicative of the term over which we will amortize the remaining unamortized premium. Changes to actual and estimated prepayments will impact the timing and amount of premium amortization and, as such, both GAAP and non-GAAP results.
These non-GAAP measures provide additional detail to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers. Additional information pertaining to our use of these non-GAAP financial measures, including discussion of how each such measure may be useful to investors, and reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP results are provided below.
Core earnings (excluding PAA), core earnings (excluding PAA) attributable to common stockholders, core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share and annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA)
Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and optimize our returns through prudent management of our diversified investment strategies. We generate net income by earning a net interest spread on our investment portfolio, which is a function of interest income from our investment portfolio less financing, hedging and operating costs. Core earnings (excluding PAA), which is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items), and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items), and excludes (g) the premium amortization adjustment (“PAA”) representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities, is used by management and, we believe, used by analysts and investors to measure our progress in achieving our principal business objective.
We seek to fulfill our principal business objective through a variety of factors including portfolio construction, the degree of market risk exposure and related hedge profile, and the use and forms of leverage, all while operating within the parameters of our capital allocation policy and risk governance framework.
We believe these non-GAAP measures provide management and investors with additional details regarding our underlying operating results and investment portfolio trends by (i) making adjustments to account for the disparate reporting of changes in fair value where certain instruments are reflected in GAAP net income (loss) while others are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss), and (ii) by excluding certain unrealized, non-cash or episodic components of GAAP net income (loss) in order to provide additional transparency into the operating performance of our portfolio. Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA), which is calculated by dividing core earnings (excluding PAA) over average stockholders’ equity, provides investors with additional detail on the core earnings generated by our invested equity capital.
55

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP financial results to non-GAAP core earnings for the periods presented:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
GAAP net income (loss) | $ | (3,640,189 | ) |  | $ | (849,251 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 66 |  |  | (101 | )
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly | (3,640,255 | ) |  | (849,150 | )
Adjustments to exclude reported realized and unrealized (gains) losses |  |
Realized (gains) losses on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps | 397,561 |  |  | 588,256 |
Unrealized (gains) losses on interest rate swaps | 2,827,723 |  |  | 390,556 |
Net (gains) losses on disposal of investments and other | (206,583 | ) |  | 93,916 |
Net (gains) losses on other derivatives | (206,426 | ) |  | 115,159 |
Net unrealized (gains) losses on instruments measured at fair value through earnings | 730,160 |  |  | (47,629 | )
Loan loss provision (1) | 99,993 |  |  | 5,703 |
Adjustments to exclude components of other (income) loss |  |
Depreciation and amortization expense related to commercial real estate (2) | 7,934 |  |  | 10,114 |
Non-core (income) loss allocated to equity method investments (3) | 19,398 |  |  | 9,496 |
Adjustments to exclude components of general and administrative expenses and income taxes
Transaction expenses and non-recurring items (4) | 7,245 |  |  | 9,982 |
Income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items | (23,862 | ) |  | 726 |
Adjustments to add back components of realized and unrealized (gains) losses
TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income (5) | 44,904 |  |  | 38,134 |
MSR amortization (6) | (18,296 | ) |  | (13,979 | )
Plus: |  |  |
Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit) | 290,722 |  |  | 81,871 |
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (7) | 330,218 |  |  | 433,155 |
Dividends on preferred stock | 35,509 |  |  | 32,494 |
Core earnings (excluding PAA) attributable to common stockholders (7) | $ | 294,709 |  |  | $ | 400,661 |
GAAP net income (loss) per average common share | $ | (2.57 | ) |  | $ | (0.63 | )
Core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share (7) | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.29 |
GAAP return (loss) on average equity | (102.17 | %) |  | (22.72 | )%
Core return on average equity (excluding PAA) (7) | 9.27 | % |  | 11.59 | %

(1) | Includes $0.7 million of loss provision on the Company’s unfunded loan commitments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 which is reported in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

(2) | Includes depreciation and amortization expense related to equity method investments.

(3) | Represents unrealized (gains) losses allocated to equity interests in a portfolio of MSR which is a component of Other income (loss).

(4) | The three months ended March 31, 2020 includes costs incurred in connection with securitizations of Agency mortgage-backed securities and residential whole loans as well as costs incurred in connection with the expected Internalization and costs incurred in connection with the CEO transition. The three months ended March 31, 2019 includes costs incurred in connection with a securitization of commercial loans and a securitization of residential whole loans.

(5) | TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(6) | MSR amortization represents the portion of changes in fair value that is attributable to the realization of estimated cash flows on the Company’s MSR portfolio and is reported as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value.

(7) | Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

From time to time, we enter into TBA forward contracts as an alternate means of investing in and financing Agency mortgage-backed securities. A TBA contract is an agreement to purchase or sell, for future delivery, an Agency mortgage-backed security with a specified issuer, term and coupon. A TBA dollar roll represents a transaction where TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates are simultaneously bought and sold. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. The drop is a reflection of the expected net interest income from an investment in similar Agency mortgage-backed securities, net of an implied financing cost, that would be foregone as a result of settling the contract in the later month rather than in the earlier month. The drop between the current settlement month price and the forward settlement month price occurs because in the TBA dollar roll market, the party providing the financing is the party that would retain all principal and interest payments accrued during the financing period.
56

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Accordingly, TBA dollar roll income generally represents the economic equivalent of the net interest income earned on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security less an implied financing cost.
TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for under GAAP as a series of derivatives transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities. We record TBA derivatives at fair value on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and recognize periodic changes in fair value in Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), which includes both unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivatives (excluding interest rate swaps).
TBA dollar roll income is calculated as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates multiplied by the notional amount of the TBA contract. Although accounted for as derivatives, TBA dollar rolls capture the economic equivalent of net interest income, or carry, on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security (interest income less an implied cost of financing). TBA dollar roll income is reported as a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 commercial mortgage-backed securities of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of commercial mortgage-backed securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying commercial mortgage-backed securities as they occur. We report income (expense) on CMBX positions in Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The coupon payments received or paid on CMBX positions is equivalent to interest income (expense) and therefore included in core earnings (excluding PAA).
Premium Amortization Expense
In accordance with GAAP, we amortize or accrete premiums or discounts into interest income for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, excluding interest-only securities, multifamily and reverse mortgages, taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield. We recalculate the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.
Our GAAP metrics include the unadjusted impact of amortization and accretion associated with this method. Certain of our non-GAAP metrics exclude the effect of the PAA, which quantifies the component of premium amortization representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”).
The following table illustrates the impact of the PAA on premium amortization expense for our Residential Securities portfolio and residential securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, for the periods presented:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Premium amortization expense | $ | 616,937 |  |  | $ | 247,446 |
Less: PAA cost (benefit) | 290,722 |  |  | 81,871 |
Premium amortization expense (excluding PAA) | $ | 326,215 |  |  | $ | 165,575 |

Interest income (excluding PAA), economic interest expense and economic net interest income (excluding PAA)
Interest income (excluding PAA) represents interest income excluding the effect of the premium amortization adjustment, and serves as the basis for deriving average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA), net interest spread (excluding PAA) and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which are discussed below. We believe this measure provides management and investors with additional detail to enhance their understanding of our operating results and trends by excluding the component of premium amortization expense representing the cumulative effect of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds
57

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than interest-only securities, multifamily and reverse mortgages), which can obscure underlying trends in the performance of the portfolio.
Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. We use interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to changing interest rates on repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings. Accordingly, adding the net interest component of interest rate swaps to interest expense, as computed in accordance with GAAP, reflects the total contractual interest expense and thus, provides investors with additional information about the cost of our financing strategy. We may use market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. In accordance with GAAP, upfront payments associated with MAC interest rate swaps are not reflected in the net interest component of interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). We did not enter into any MAC interest rate swaps during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Similarly, economic net interest income (excluding PAA), as computed below, provides investors with additional information to enhance their understanding of the net economics of our primary business operations.
The following tables provide GAAP measures of interest expense and net interest income and details with respect to reconciling the aforementioned line items on a non-GAAP basis for each respective period:
Interest Income (excluding PAA)

| GAAP Interest Income |  | PAA Cost (Benefit) |  | Interest Income (excluding PAA) (1)
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 555,026 |  |  | $ | 290,722 |  |  | $ | 845,748 |
March 31, 2019 | $ | 866,186 |  |  | $ | 81,871 |  |  | $ | 948,057 |
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

Economic Interest Expense and Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA)

| GAAP Interest Expense |  | Add: Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps |  | Economic Interest Expense (1) |  | GAAP Net Interest Income |  | Less: Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps |  | Economic Net Interest Income (1) |  | Add: PAA Cost (Benefit) |  | Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA) (1)
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 503,473 |  |  | $ | 13,980 |  |  | $ | 517,453 |  |  | $ | 51,553 |  |  | $ | 13,980 |  |  | $ | 37,573 |  |  | $ | 290,722 |  |  | $ | 328,295 |
March 31, 2019 | $ | 647,695 |  |  | $ | (134,035 | ) |  | $ | 513,660 |  |  | $ | 218,491 |  |  | $ | (134,035 | ) |  | $ | 352,526 |  |  | $ | 81,871 |  |  | $ | 434,397 |
(1) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

Experienced and Projected Long-Term CPR
Prepayment speeds, as reflected by the CPR and interest rates vary according to the type of investment, conditions in financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. In general, as prepayment speeds and expectations of prepayment speeds on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio increase, related purchase premium amortization increases, thereby reducing the yield on such assets. The following table presents the weighted average experienced CPR and weighted average projected long-term CPR on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of and for the periods presented.

| Experienced CPR (1) |  | Projected Long-term CPR (2)
For the three months ended |  |  |
March 31, 2020 | 13.6 | % |  | 17.7 | %
March 31, 2019 | 7.3 | % |  | 11.6 | %

(1) | For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(2) | At March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

58

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA), Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA) and Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities
Net interest spread (excluding PAA), which is the difference between the average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) and the average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities, which represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities, and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which is calculated as the sum of interest income (excluding PAA) plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average interest earning assets plus average TBA contract and CMBX balances, provide management with additional measures of our profitability that management relies upon in monitoring the performance of the business.
Disclosure of these measures, which are presented below, provides investors with additional detail regarding how management evaluates our performance.
Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA)

| Average Interest Earning Assets (1) |  | Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2) |  | Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA) (2) |  | Average Interest Bearing Liabilities |  | Economic Interest Expense (2)(3) |  | Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities (2)(3) |  | Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2) |  | Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) (2)
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 116,063,895 |  |  | $ | 845,748 |  |  | 2.91 | % |  | $ | 107,029,466 |  |  | $ | 517,453 |  |  | 1.91 | % |  | 328,295 |  |  | 1.00 | %
March 31, 2019 | $ | 109,946,527 |  |  | $ | 948,057 |  |  | 3.45 | % |  | $ | 95,529,819 |  |  | $ | 513,660 |  |  | 2.15 | % |  | 434,397 |  |  | 1.30 | %
(1) Based on amortized cost. (2) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. (3) Average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average balances during the period. Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)

| Interest Income (excluding PAA) (1) |  | TBA Dollar Roll and CMBX Coupon Income (2) |  | Interest Expense |  | Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps |  | Subtotal |  | Average Interest Earnings Assets |  | Average TBA Contract and CMBX Balances |  | Subtotal |  | Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA) (1)
For the three months ended |  | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 845,748 |  |  | 44,904 |  |  | (503,473 | ) |  | (13,980 | ) |  | $ | 373,199 |  |  | $ | 116,063,895 |  |  | 9,965,142 |  |  | $ | 126,029,037 |  |  | 1.18 | %
March 31, 2019 | $ | 948,057 |  |  | 38,134 |  |  | (647,695 | ) |  | 134,035 |  |  | $ | 472,531 |  |  | $ | 109,946,527 |  |  | 14,927,490 |  |  | $ | 124,874,017 |  |  | 1.51 | %

(1) | Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

(2) | TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Economic Interest Expense and Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities
Typically, our largest expense is the cost of interest bearing liabilities and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. The table below shows our average interest bearing liabilities and average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities as compared to average one-month and average six-month LIBOR for the periods presented.
Economic Cost of Funds on Average Interest Bearing Liabilities

| Average Interest Bearing Liabilities |  | Interest Bearing Liabilities at Period End |  | Economic Interest Expense (1) |  | Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities (2) |  | Average One- Month LIBOR |  | Average Six- Month LIBOR |  | Average One-Month LIBOR Relative to Average Six- Month LIBOR |  | Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities Relative to Average One- Month LIBOR |  | Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities Relative to Average Six-Month LIBOR
For the three months ended
March 31, 2020 | $ | 107,029,466 |  |  | $ | 80,750,560 |  |  | $ | 517,453 |  |  | 1.91 | % |  | 1.40 | % |  | 1.49 | % |  | (0.09 | %) |  | 0.51 | % |  | 0.42 | %
March 31, 2019 | $ | 95,529,819 |  |  | $ | 96,392,559 |  |  | $ | 513,660 |  |  | 2.15 | % |  | 2.50 | % |  | 2.75 | % |  | (0.25 | %) |  | (0.35 | %) |  | (0.60 | %)
(1) Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (2) Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

Economic interest expense increased by $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The change was primarily due to the change in the net interest component of interest rate swaps which was ($14.0) million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $134.0 million for the same period in 2019 and an increase in average interest bearing liabilities, partially offset by lower rates on repurchase agreements.
We do not manage our portfolio to have a pre-designated amount of borrowings at quarter or year end. Our borrowings at period end are a snapshot of our borrowings as of a date, and this number may differ from average borrowings over the period for a number of reasons. The mortgage-backed securities we own pay principal and interest towards the end of each month and the mortgage-backed securities we purchase are typically settled during the beginning of the month. As a result, depending on the amount of mortgage-backed securities we have committed to purchase, we may retain the principal and interest we receive in the prior month, or we may use it to pay down our borrowings. Moreover, we generally use interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivative instruments to hedge our portfolio, and as we pledge or receive collateral under these agreements, our borrowings on any given day may be increased or decreased. Our average borrowings during a quarter may differ from period end borrowings as we implement our portfolio management strategies and risk management strategies over changing market conditions by increasing or decreasing leverage. Additionally, these numbers may differ during periods when we conduct equity capital raises, as in certain instances we may purchase additional assets and increase leverage in anticipation of an equity capital raise. Since our average borrowings and period end borrowings can be expected to differ, we believe our average borrowings during a period provide a more accurate representation of our exposure to the risks associated with leverage than our period end borrowings.
At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the majority of our debt represented repurchase agreements and other secured financing arrangements collateralized by a pledge of our Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate loans. All of our Residential Securities are currently accepted as collateral for these borrowings. However, we limit our borrowings, and thus our potential asset growth, in order to maintain unused borrowing capacity and maintain the liquidity and strength of our balance sheet.
Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) is comprised of net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps, net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other, net gains (losses) on other derivatives and net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings. These components of realized and unrealized gains (losses) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps (1) | $ | (3,239,264 | ) |  | $ | (844,777 | )
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other | 206,583 |  |  | (93,916 | )
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives | 206,426 |  |  | (115,159 | )
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings | (730,160 | ) |  | 47,629 |
Loan loss provision | (99,326 | ) |  | (5,703 | )
Total | $ | (3,655,741 | ) |  | $ | (1,011,926 | )
(1) Includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps, realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps and unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps.

Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was ($3.2) billion compared to ($844.8) million for the same period in 2019, primarily attributable to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($2.8) billion for the three months ended March 31, 2020, reflecting a sharper decline in forward interest rates compared to ($390.6) million for the same period in 2019.
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and other was $206.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($93.9) million for the same period in 2019. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $41.9 billion for an aggregate net gain of $267.3 million. For the same period in 2019, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $10.5 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($92.5) million.
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was $206.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($115.2) million for the same period in 2019. The change in net gains (losses) on other derivatives was primarily comprised of higher net gains on TBA derivatives, which was $431.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $173.8 million for the same period in 2019, and the change in net gains (losses) on interest rate swaptions, which was $121.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to ($10.3) million for the same period in 2019, partially offset by the change in net gains (losses) on credit derivatives, which was ($63.5) million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $9.6 million for the same period in 2019.
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was ($730.2) million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $47.6 million for the same period in 2019, primarily due to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on residential loans, credit risk transfer securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by favorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on commercial securitized debt of consolidated VIEs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, a loan loss provision of ($99.3) million was recorded on commercial mortgage and corporate loans. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, a loan loss provision of ($5.7) million was recorded on a commercial mortgage loan. Refer to the “Loans” Note located within Item 1 for additional information related to these loan loss provisions.
Other Income (Loss)
Other income (loss) includes certain revenues and costs associated with our investments in commercial real estate, including rental income and recoveries, net servicing income on MSRs, operating costs as well as depreciation and amortization expense. We report in Other income (loss) items whose amounts, either individually or in the aggregate, would not, in the opinion of management, be meaningful to readers of the financial statements. Given the nature of certain components of this line item, balances may fluctuate from period to period.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses consist of compensation and management fee and other expenses. The following table shows our total G&A expenses as compared to average total assets and average equity for the periods presented.
G&A Expenses and Operating Expense Ratios

| Total G&A Expenses (1) |  | Total G&A Expenses/Average Assets (1) |  | Total G&A Expenses/Average Equity (1)
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 77,629 |  |  | 0.27 | % |  | 2.18 | %
March 31, 2019 | $ | 83,737 |  |  | 0.30 | % |  | 2.24 | %

(1) | Includes $7.2 million of transaction costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans and Agency mortgage-backed securities as well as costs incurred in connection with the expected Internalization and costs incurred in connection with the CEO transition for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Includes $10.0 million of transaction costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans and commercial loans for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Excluding these transaction costs, G&A expenses as a percentage of average total assets were 0.25% and 0.26% and as a percentage of average equity were 1.98% and 1.97% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

G&A expenses were $77.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, a decrease of $6.1 million compared to the same period in 2019. The change was largely attributable to a lower management fee in the first quarter of 2020 reflecting lower adjusted stockholders’ equity balances compared to same period in 2019 and lower transaction costs in connection with securitizations in the first quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
Return on Average Equity
The following table shows the components of our annualized return on average equity for the periods presented.
Components of Annualized Return on Average Equity

| Economic Net Interest Income/ Average Equity (1) |  | Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses/Average Equity (2) |  | Other Income (Loss)/Average Equity |  | G&A Expenses/ Average Equity |  | Income Taxes/ Average Equity |  | Return on Average Equity
For the three months ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 31, 2020 | 1.06 | % |  | (102.22 | %) |  | 0.42 | % |  | (2.18 | %) |  | 0.75 | % |  | (102.17 | %)
March 31, 2019 | 9.43 | % |  | (30.66 | %) |  | 0.82 | % |  | (2.24 | %) |  | (0.07 | %) |  | (22.72 | %)
(1) Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (2) Realized and unrealized gains and losses excludes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments
With our available-for-sale accounting treatment on our Agency mortgage-backed securities, which represent the largest portion of assets on balance sheet, as well as certain commercial mortgage-backed securities, unrealized fluctuations in market values of assets do not impact our GAAP net income (loss) but rather are reflected on our balance sheet by changing the carrying value of the asset and stockholders’ equity under accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As a result of this fair value accounting treatment, our book value and book value per share are likely to fluctuate far more than if we used amortized cost accounting. As a result, comparisons with companies that use amortized cost accounting for some or all of their balance sheet may not be meaningful.
The table below shows cumulative unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale investments reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| (dollars in thousands)
Unrealized gain | $ | 3,132,353 |  |  | $ | 2,267,577 |
Unrealized loss | (10,982 | ) |  | (129,386 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 3,121,371 |  |  | $ | 2,138,191 |

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Unrealized changes in the estimated fair value of available-for-sale investments may have a direct effect on our potential earnings and dividends: positive changes will increase our equity base and allow us to increase our borrowing capacity while negative changes tend to reduce borrowing capacity. A very large negative change in the net fair value of our available-for-sale Residential Securities might impair our liquidity position, requiring us to sell assets with the potential result of realized losses upon sale.
The fair value of these securities being less than amortized cost at March 31, 2020 is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets. Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating. The investments are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired because we currently have the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. Also, we are guaranteed payment of the principal and interest amounts of the securities by the respective issuing Agency.
Financial Condition
Total assets were $96.9 billion and $130.3 billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The change, consistent with our portfolio repositioning to strengthen our balance sheet in the first quarter of 2020, was primarily due to a decrease in Agency mortgage-backed securities of $34.4 billion, excluding assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, partially offset by increases in cash and cash equivalents of $1.0 billion and assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles of $0.7 billion. Our portfolio composition, net equity allocation and debt-to-net equity ratio by asset class were as follows at March 31, 2020:

| Residential | Commercial |  |  |
| Agency MBS and MSRs |  | TBAs (1) |  | CRTs |  | Non-Agency MBS and Residential Mortgage Loans (2) |  | CRE Debt & Preferred Equity Investments |  | Investments in CRE |  | Corporate Debt |  | Total (3) |
Assets | (dollars in thousands) |
Fair value/carrying value | $ | 80,541,012 |  |  | $ | 13,115,757 |  |  | $ | 222,871 |  |  | $ | 4,881,225 |  |  | $ | 3,582,634 |  |  | $ | 751,738 |  |  | $ | 2,150,263 |  |  | $ | 92,129,743 |  |
Debt |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements | 70,827,608 |  |  | 12,951,197 |  |  | 184,416 |  |  | 870,159 |  |  | 698,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 72,580,183 |  |
Other secured financing | 2,488 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 857,647 |  |  | 32,100 |  |  | — |  |  | 913,193 |  |  | 1,805,428 |  |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles | 1,640,688 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,534,509 |  |  | 2,189,752 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,364,949 |  |
Net forward purchases | (98,424 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,123 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (83,301 | ) |
Mortgages payable | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 484,762 |  |  | — |  |  | 484,762 |  |
Net equity allocated | $ | 8,168,652 |  |  | $ | 164,560 |  |  | $ | 38,455 |  |  | $ | 603,787 |  |  | $ | 662,782 |  |  | $ | 266,976 |  |  | $ | 1,237,070 |  |  | $ | 10,977,722 |  | (4)
Net equity allocated (%) | 75 | % |  | 1 | % |  | — | % |  | 6 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 2 | % |  | 11 | % |  | 100 | % |
Debt/net equity ratio | 8.9:1 |  |  | NM |  |  | 4.8:1 |  |  | 7.1:1 |  |  | 4.4:1 |  |  | 1.8:1 |  |  | 0.7:1 |  |  | 6.4:1 |  | (5)
(1) Fair value/carrying value represents implied market value and repurchase agreements represent the notional value. (2) Includes loans held for sale, net. (3) Excludes the TBA asset, debt and equity balances. (4) Net Equity Allocated, as disclosed in the above table, excludes non-portfolio related activity and may differ from stockholders’ equity per the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. (5) Represents the debt/net equity ratio as determined using amounts on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. NM Not meaningful.

Residential Securities
Substantially all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were backed by single-family residential mortgage loans and were secured with a first lien position on the underlying single-family properties. Our mortgage-backed securities were largely Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae pass through certificates or CMOs, which carry an actual or implied “AAA” rating. We carry all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
We accrete discount balances as an increase to interest income over the expected life of the related interest earning assets and we amortize premium balances as a decrease to interest income over the expected life of the related interest earning assets. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 we had on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition a total of $98.4 million and $156.9
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
million, respectively, of unamortized discount (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and current amortized cost of our Residential Securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, acquired at a price below principal value) and a total of $3.9 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, of unamortized premium (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and the current amortized cost of our Residential Securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, acquired at a price above principal value).
The weighted average experienced prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was 13.6% and 7.3%, respectively. The weighted average projected long-term prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 was 17.7% and 11.6%, respectively.
Given our current portfolio composition, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to increase over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would decrease during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would be required to amortize our net premium balance into income over a shorter time period. Similarly, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to decrease over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would increase during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would amortize our net premium balance over a longer time period.
The following tables present our Residential Securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, that were carried at fair value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Estimated Fair Value
Agency | (dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through | $ | 75,727,910 |  |  | $ | 108,723,414 |
Adjustable-rate pass-through | 631,436 |  |  | 1,524,331 |
CMO | 160,590 |  |  | 160,016 |
Interest-only | 529,636 |  |  | 708,562 |
Multifamily | 1,349,221 |  |  | 1,717,197 |
Reverse mortgages | 58,053 |  |  | 59,847 |
Total agency securities | $ | 78,456,846 |  |  | $ | 112,893,367 |
Residential credit |  |  |  |
CRT | $ | 222,871 |  |  | $ | 531,322 |
Alt-A | 76,260 |  |  | 151,383 |
Prime | 208,636 |  |  | 276,257 |
Prime interest-only | 2,273 |  |  | 3,167 |
Subprime | 129,043 |  |  | 348,979 |
NPL/RPL | 106,083 |  |  | 164,268 |
Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage) | 58,665 |  |  | 184,664 |
Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage) interest-only | 4,994 |  |  | 7,150 |
Total residential credit securities | $ | 808,825 |  |  | $ | 1,667,190 |
Total Residential Securities | $ | 79,265,671 |  |  | $ | 114,560,557 |

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of our Residential Securities (excluding interest-only mortgage-backed securities) and interest-only mortgage-backed securities, excluding securities transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Residential Securities (1) | (dollars in thousands)
Principal amount | $ | 73,025,531 |  |  | $ | 107,412,143 |
Net premium | 3,118,584 |  |  | 4,309,668 |
Amortized cost | 76,144,115 |  |  | 111,721,811 |
Amortized cost / principal amount | 104.27 | % |  | 104.01 | %
Carrying value | 78,728,618 |  |  | 113,841,402 |
Carrying value / principal amount | 107.81 | % |  | 105.99 | %
Weighted average coupon rate | 3.89 | % |  | 3.91 | %
Weighted average yield | 3.44 | % |  | 3.07 | %
Adjustable-rate Residential Securities (1) |  |  |
Principal amount | $ | 1,353,524 |  |  | $ | 2,513,310 |
Weighted average coupon rate | 4.07 | % |  | 4.13 | %
Weighted average yield | 5.27 | % |  | 3.52 | %
Weighted average term to next adjustment | 18 Months |  |  | 13 Months |
Weighted average lifetime cap (2) | 0.95 | % |  | 8.24 | %
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities | 1.85 | % |  | 2.34 | %
Fixed-rate Residential Securities (1) |  |  |
Principal amount | $ | 71,672,007 |  |  | $ | 104,898,833 |
Weighted average coupon rate | 3.88 | % |  | 3.90 | %
Weighted average yield | 3.41 | % |  | 3.06 | %
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities | 98.15 | % |  | 97.66 | %
Interest-only Residential Securities |  |  |
Notional amount | $ | 4,452,981 |  |  | $ | 5,447,193 |
Net premium | 696,565 |  |  | 876,129 |
Amortized cost | 696,565 |  |  | 876,129 |
Amortized cost / notional amount | 15.64 | % |  | 16.08 | %
Carrying value | 537,053 |  |  | 719,155 |
Carrying value / notional amount | 12.06 | % |  | 13.20 | %
Weighted average coupon rate | 3.74 | % |  | 3.29 | %
Weighted average yield | (1.91 | %) |  | 1.73 | %
(1) Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities. (2) Excludes non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities as this attribute is not applicable to these asset classes.

The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our Residential Credit portfolio at March 31, 2020.

|  |  | Payment Structure | Investment Characteristics
Product | Total |  | Senior |  | Subordinate |  | Coupon |  | Credit Enhancement |  | 60+ Delinquencies |  | 3M VPR (1)
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer | $ | 207,849 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207,849 |  |  | 5.22 | % |  | 0.58 | % |  | 0.47 | % |  | 19.72 | %
Private label credit risk transfer | 15,022 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,022 |  |  | 6.64 | % |  | — | % |  | 0.25 | % |  | 13.84 | %
Alt-A | 76,260 |  |  | 22,183 |  |  | 54,077 |  |  | 4.14 | % |  | 8.17 | % |  | 9.66 | % |  | 16.92 | %
Prime | 208,636 |  |  | 71,312 |  |  | 137,324 |  |  | 4.46 | % |  | 8.79 | % |  | 3.63 | % |  | 18.36 | %
Prime interest-only | 2,273 |  |  | 2,273 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.46 | % |  | — |  |  | 0.29 | % |  | 41.23 | %
Subprime | 129,043 |  |  | 58,726 |  |  | 70,317 |  |  | 2.14 | % |  | 9.79 | % |  | 15.55 | % |  | 6.06 | %
Re-performing loan securitizations | 106,083 |  |  | — |  |  | 106,083 |  |  | 4.18 | % |  | 23.25 | % |  | 12.09 | % |  | 6.48 | %
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) | 58,665 |  |  | 25,529 |  |  | 33,136 |  |  | 4.08 | % |  | 5.84 | % |  | 0.21 | % |  | 32.71 | %
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only | 4,994 |  |  | 4,994 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.38 | % |  | — |  |  | 0.38 | % |  | 22.04 | %
Total/weighted average (2) | $ | 808,825 |  |  | $ | 185,017 |  |  | $ | 623,808 |  |  | 4.39 | % |  | 7.03 | % |  | 5.32 | % |  | 16.06 | %
(1) Represents the 3 month voluntary prepayment rate (“VPR”). (2) Total investment characteristics exclude the impact of IOs.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

| Bond Coupon |  |
Product | ARM |  | Fixed |  | Floater |  | Interest-Only |  | Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207,849 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207,849 |
Private label credit risk transfer | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,022 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,022 |
Alt-A | 24,791 |  |  | 36,343 |  |  | 15,126 |  |  | — |  |  | 76,260 |
Prime | 27,869 |  |  | 156,754 |  |  | 24,013 |  |  | — |  |  | 208,636 |
Prime interest-only | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,273 |  |  | 2,273 |
Subprime | — |  |  | 4,272 |  |  | 124,512 |  |  | 259 |  |  | 129,043 |
Re-performing loan securitizations | — |  |  | 106,083 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 106,083 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) | — |  |  | 58,665 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 58,665 |
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,994 |  |  | 4,994 |
Total | $ | 52,660 |  |  | $ | 362,117 |  |  | $ | 386,522 |  |  | $ | 7,526 |  |  | $ | 808,825 |

Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes the effect on our liquidity and cash flows from contractual obligations at March 31, 2020. The table does not include the effect of net interest rate payments on our interest rate swap agreements. The net swap payments will fluctuate based on monthly changes in the floating rate. At March 31, 2020, the interest rate swaps had a net fair value of ($1.2) billion.

| Within One Year |  | One to Three Years |  | Three to Five Years |  | More than Five Years |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |
Interest expense on repurchase agreements (1) | 158,210 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 158,210 |
Other secured financing | 885,018 |  |  | 7,217 |  |  | 913,193 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,805,428 |
Interest expense on other secured financing (1) | 41,875 |  |  | 56,009 |  |  | 41,858 |  |  | — |  |  | 139,742 |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 206,553 |  |  | 6,469,436 |  |  | 6,675,989 |
Interest expense on debt issued by securitization vehicles | 176,759 |  |  | 263,649 |  |  | 255,653 |  |  | 3,060,939 |  |  | 3,757,000 |
Mortgages payable (principal) | 22,726 |  |  | 39,961 |  |  | 111,844 |  |  | 315,289 |  |  | 489,820 |
Interest expense on mortgages payable | 19,777 |  |  | 38,194 |  |  | 36,621 |  |  | 135,080 |  |  | 229,672 |
Long-term operating lease obligations | 3,868 |  |  | 7,748 |  |  | 7,723 |  |  | 1,931 |  |  | 21,270 |
Total | $ | 73,888,416 |  |  | $ | 412,778 |  |  | $ | 1,573,445 |  |  | $ | 9,982,675 |  |  | $ | 85,857,314 |

(1) | Interest expense on repurchase agreements and other secured financing calculated based on rates at March 31, 2020.

In the coming periods, we expect to continue to finance our Residential Securities in a manner that is largely consistent with our current operations via repurchase agreements. We may use FHLB Des Moines advances, securitization structures, credit facilities, mortgages payable or other term financing structures to finance certain of our assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we received $4.9 billion from principal repayments and $41.1 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we received $2.4 billion from principal repayments and $7.9 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships which would have been established for the sole purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
We have limited future funding commitments related to certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. In addition, we have provided customary non-recourse carve-out and environmental guarantees (or underlying indemnities with respect thereto) with respect to mortgage loans held by subsidiaries of these unconsolidated joint ventures. We believe that the likelihood of making any payments under these guarantees is remote, and have not accrued a related liability at March 31, 2020.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Capital Management
Maintaining a strong balance sheet that can support the business even in times of economic stress and market volatility is of critical importance to our business strategy. A strong and robust capital position is essential to executing our investment strategy. Our capital strategy is predicated on a strong capital position, which enables us to execute our investment strategy regardless of the market environment. Our capital policy defines the parameters and principles supporting a comprehensive capital management practice.
The major risks impacting capital are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk, credit risk, counterparty risk, operational risk and compliance, regulatory and legal risk. For further discussion of the risks we are subject to, please see Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Capital requirements are based on maintaining levels above approved thresholds, ensuring the quality of our capital appropriately reflects our asset mix, market and funding structure. In the event we fall short of our internal thresholds, we will consider appropriate actions which may include asset sales, changes in asset mix, reductions in asset purchases or originations, issuance of capital or other capital enhancing or risk reduction strategies.
Stockholders’ Equity
The following table provides a summary of total stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Stockholders’ equity | (dollars in thousands)
7.50% Series D cumulative redeemable preferred stock | $ | 445,457 |  |  | $ | 445,457 |
6.95% Series F fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock | 696,910 |  |  | 696,910 |
6.50% Series G fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock | 411,335 |  |  | 411,335 |
6.75% Series I fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock | 428,324 |  |  | 428,324 |
Common stock | 14,304 |  |  | 14,301 |
Additional paid-in capital | 19,968,372 |  |  | 19,966,923 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 3,121,371 |  |  | 2,138,191 |
Accumulated deficit | (12,382,648 | ) |  | (8,309,424 | )
Total stockholders’ equity | $ | 12,703,425 |  |  | $ | 15,792,017 |

Capital Stock
The following table provides activity related to our Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program for the periods presented:

|  | For the Three Months Ended
|  | March 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2019
|  | (dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program |  | — |  |  | 87,000 |
Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 892 |

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, we granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
No shares were issued under the at-the-market sales program during the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we issued 48.0 million shares for proceeds of $489.0 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.
In June 2019, we announced that our Board had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, no shares were purchased pursuant to this authorization.
Leverage and Capital
We believe that it is prudent to maintain conservative debt-to-equity and economic leverage ratios as there may be continued volatility in the mortgage and credit markets. Our capital policy governs our capital and leverage position including setting limits.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Based on the guidelines, we generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio of less than 10:1. Our actual economic leverage ratio varies from time to time based upon various factors, including our opinion of the level of risk of our assets and liabilities, our liquidity position, our level of unused borrowing capacity, the availability of credit, over-collateralization levels required by lenders when we pledge assets to secure borrowings and our assessment of domestic and international market conditions.
Our debt-to-equity ratio at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 6.4:1 and 7.1:1, respectively. Our economic leverage ratio, which is computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, cost basis of TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity was 6.8:1 and 7.2:1 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Our capital ratio, which represents our ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets (inclusive of total market value of TBA derivatives and shown net of debt issued by securitization vehicles), was 12.3% and 12.0% at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Risk Management
For more information on COVID-19, including actions we have taken in response, please refer to the section titled “Business Environment and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”)” within this Item 2.
We are subject to a variety of risks in the ordinary conduct of our business. The effective management of these risks is of critical importance to the overall success of Annaly. The objective of our risk management framework is to identify, measure and monitor these risks.
Our risk management framework is intended to facilitate a holistic, enterprise wide view of risk. We have built a strong and collaborative risk management culture throughout Annaly focused on awareness which supports appropriate understanding and management of our key risks. Each employee is accountable for identifying, monitoring and managing risk within their area of responsibility.
Risk Appetite
We maintain a firm-wide risk appetite statement which defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy. We engage in risk activities based on our core expertise that aim to enhance value for our stockholders. Our activities focus on income generation and capital preservation through proactive portfolio management, supported by a conservative liquidity and leverage posture.
The risk appetite statement asserts the following key risk parameters to guide our investment management activities:

Risk Parameter |  | Description
Portfolio Composition |  | We will maintain a portfolio comprised of target assets approved by our Board and in accordance with our capital allocation policy.
Leverage |  | We generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio no greater than 10:1.
Liquidity Risk |  | We will seek to maintain an unencumbered asset portfolio sufficient to meet our liquidity needs under adverse market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk |  | We will seek to manage interest rate risk to protect the portfolio from adverse rate movements utilizing derivative instruments targeting both income and capital preservation.
Credit Risk |  | We will seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within our specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-adjusted returns.
Capital Preservation |  | We will seek to protect our capital base through disciplined risk management practices.
Compliance |  | We will seek to comply with regulatory requirements needed to maintain our REIT status and our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act.

Governance
Risk management begins with our Board, through the review and oversight of the risk management framework, and executive management, through the ongoing formulation of risk management practices and related execution in managing risk. The Board exercises its oversight of risk management primarily through the Board Risk Committee (“BRC”) and Board Audit Committee (“BAC”). The BRC is responsible for oversight of our risk governance structure, risk management and risk assessment guidelines and policies and our risk appetite. The BAC is responsible for oversight of the quality and integrity of our accounting, internal controls and financial reporting practices, including independent auditor selection, evaluation and review, and oversight of the internal audit function.
Risk assessment and risk management are the responsibility of our management. A series of management committees has oversight or decision-making responsibilities for risk management activities. Membership of these committees is reviewed regularly to ensure the appropriate personnel are engaged in the risk management process. Four primary management committees have been established to provide a comprehensive framework for risk management. The management committees responsible for our risk management include the Enterprise Risk Committee (“ERC”), Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”), Investment Committee and the Financial Reporting and Disclosure Committee (“FRDC”). Each of these committees reports to our management Operating
Committee which is responsible for oversight and management of our operations, including oversight and approval authority over all aspects of our enterprise risk management.
Audit Services is an independent function with reporting lines to the BAC. Audit Services is responsible for performing our internal audit activities, which includes independently assessing and validating key controls within the risk management framework.
Our compliance group is responsible for oversight of our regulatory compliance. Our Chief Compliance Officer has reporting lines to the BAC.
Description of Risks
We are subject to a variety of risks due to the business we operate. Risk categories are an important component of a robust enterprise wide risk management framework.
We have identified the following primary categories that we utilize to identify, assess, measure and monitor risk.

Risk |  | Description
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.
Investment/Market Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets or an increase in the costs of financing caused by changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of investment securities and other investment instruments.
Credit Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from an obligor’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in lending and investing activities.
Counterparty Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from a counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in funding, hedging and investing activities.
Operational Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems (including proprietary and third party models), human factors or external events.
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk |  | Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or conduct of business arising from violations of, or nonconformance with internal and external applicable rules and regulations, losses resulting from lawsuits or adverse judgments, or from changes in the regulatory environment that may impact our business model.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk Management
Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management strategy is designed to ensure the availability of sufficient resources to support our business and meet our financial obligations under both normal and adverse market and business environments. Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management practices consist of the following primary elements:

Element |  | Description
Funding |  | Availability of diverse and stable sources of funds.
Excess Liquidity |  | Excess liquidity primarily in the form of unencumbered assets and cash.
Maturity Profile |  | Diversity and tenor of liabilities and modest use of leverage.
Stress Testing |  | Scenario modeling to measure the resiliency of our liquidity position.
Liquidity Management Policies |  | Comprehensive policies including monitoring, risk limits and an escalation protocol.

Funding
Our primary financing sources are repurchase agreements provided through counterparty arrangements and through Arcola, other secured financing including funding from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB”), debt issued by securitization vehicles, mortgages, credit facilities, note sales and various forms of equity. We maintain excess liquidity by holding unencumbered liquid assets that could be either used to collateralize additional borrowings or sold.
We seek to conservatively manage our repurchase agreement funding position through a variety of methods including diversity, breadth and depth of counterparties and maintaining a staggered maturity profile.
Additionally, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Arcola, provides direct access to third party funding as a FINRA member broker-dealer. Arcola borrows funds through the General Collateral Finance Repo service offered by the FICC, with FICC acting as the central counterparty. Arcola also borrows funds through direct repurchase agreements.
To reduce our liquidity risk we maintain a laddered approach to our repurchase agreements. At March 31, 2020, the weighted average days to maturity was 48 days.
Our repurchase agreements generally provide that in the event of a margin call we must provide additional securities or cash on the same business day that a margin call is made. Should prepayment speeds on the mortgages underlying our Agency and Residential mortgage-backed securities and/or market interest rates or other factors move suddenly and cause declines in the market value of assets posted as collateral, resulting margin calls may cause an adverse change in our liquidity position.
We maintain access to FHLB funding through our captive insurance subsidiary Truman Insurance Company LLC (“Truman”). A 2016 rule from the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) requires captive insurance companies to terminate their FHLB membership, however, given the length of its membership at the time the rule was enacted, Truman was granted a five year sunset provision whereby its membership will expire in February 2021. We believe our business objectives align well with the mission of the FHLB System. While there can be no assurances that such steps will be taken, we believe it would be appropriate for there to be legislative or other action to permit Truman and similar captive insurance subsidiaries to retain their membership status beyond the current sunset period. In February 2020, the FHFA issued a request for input (“RFI”) on FHLB membership. The RFI is part of a holistic review of FHLB membership and requests input on whether FHFA’s existing regulation of FHLB membership ensures that the FHLB system remains safe and sound and able to provide liquidity for housing finance through the housing and business cycle and the advancement of the FHLBs’ housing finance and community development mission.
We utilize diverse funding sources to finance our commercial investments. Aside from FHLB funding, we may utilize credit facilities, securitization funding and, in the case of investments in commercial real estate, CLO securitization funding, mortgage financing and note sales.
At March 31, 2020, we had total financial assets and cash pledged against existing liabilities of $81.0 billion. The weighted average haircut was approximately 4% on repurchase agreements. The quality and character of the Residential Securities and commercial real estate investments that we pledge as collateral under the repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps did not materially change at March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, and our counterparties did not materially alter any requirements, including required haircuts, related to the collateral we pledge under repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
The following table presents our quarterly average and quarter-end repurchase agreement and reverse repurchase agreement balances outstanding for the periods presented:
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

| Repurchase Agreements | Reverse Repurchase Agreements
| Average Daily Amount Outstanding |  | Ending Amount Outstanding |  | Average Daily Amount Outstanding |  | Ending Amount Outstanding
For the three months ended | (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020 | $ | 96,756,341 |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | 461,123 |  |  | $ | — |
December 31, 2019 | 102,760,107 |  |  | 101,740,728 |  |  | 1,006,487 |  |  | — |
September 30, 2019 | 108,389,796 |  |  | 102,682,104 |  |  | 1,459,070 |  |  | — |
June 30, 2019 | 101,983,828 |  |  | 105,181,241 |  |  | 3,478,510 |  |  | — |
March 31, 2019 | 87,781,404 |  |  | 88,554,170 |  |  | 3,937,769 |  |  | 523,449 |
December 31, 2018 | 83,984,254 |  |  | 81,115,874 |  |  | 2,741,022 |  |  | 650,040 |
September 30, 2018 | 79,214,382 |  |  | 79,073,026 |  |  | 2,330,519 |  |  | 1,234,704 |
June 30, 2018 | 80,582,681 |  |  | 75,760,655 |  |  | 2,929,470 |  |  | 259,762 |
March 31, 2018 | 80,770,663 |  |  | 78,015,431 |  |  | 2,064,862 |  |  | 200,459 |

The following table provides information on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing by maturity date at March 31, 2020. The weighted average remaining maturity on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing was 70 days at March 31, 2020:

| March 31, 2020
| Principal Balance |  | Weighted Average Rate |  | % of Total
| (dollars in thousands)
1 day | $ | 20,238,083 |  |  | 0.31 | % |  | 27.2 | %
2 to 29 days | 20,256,162 |  |  | 1.49 | % |  | 27.2 | %
30 to 59 days | 12,055,306 |  |  | 1.58 | % |  | 16.2 | %
60 to 89 days | 11,062,283 |  |  | 1.61 | % |  | 14.9 | %
90 to 119 days | 2,291,460 |  |  | 1.80 | % |  | 3.1 | %
Over 120 days (1) | 8,482,317 |  |  | 1.91 | % |  | 11.4 | %
Total | $ | 74,385,611 |  |  | 1.26 | % |  | 100.0 | %

(1) | Approximately 1% of the total repurchase agreements and other secured financing had a remaining maturity over 1 year.

The table below presents our outstanding debt balances and associated weighted average rates and days to maturity at March 31, 2020:

|  |  | Weighted Average Rate |  |
| Principal Balance |  | As of Period End |  | For the Quarter |  | Weighted Average Days to Maturity (1)
| (dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | 1.23 | % |  | 1.77 | % |  | 48
Other secured financing (2) | 1,805,428 |  |  | 2.56 | % |  | 2.46 | % |  | 970
Securitized debt of consolidated VIEs (3) | 6,675,989 |  |  | 2.65 | % |  | 2.83 | % |  | 7,527
Mortgages payable (3) | 489,820 |  |  | 4.05 | % |  | 4.10 | % |  | 4,502
Total indebtedness | $ | 81,551,420 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) Determined based on estimated weighted-average lives of the underlying debt instruments. (2) Includes advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines of $0.9 billion and financing under credit facilities. (3) Non-recourse to Annaly.

Excess Liquidity
Our primary source of liquidity is the availability of unencumbered assets which may be provided as collateral to support additional funding needs. We target minimum thresholds of available, unencumbered assets to maintain excess liquidity. The following table illustrates our asset portfolio available to support potential collateral obligations and funding needs.
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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Assets are considered encumbered if pledged as collateral against an existing liability, and therefore are no longer available to support additional funding. An asset is considered unencumbered if it has not been pledged or securitized. The following table also provides the carrying amount of our encumbered and unencumbered financial assets at March 31, 2020:

| Encumbered Assets |  | Unencumbered Assets |  | Total
Financial assets | (dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 989,509 |  |  | $ | 1,834,012 |  |  | $ | 2,823,521 |
Investments, at carrying value (1) |  |  |  |  |
Agency mortgage-backed securities (2) | 76,869,771 |  |  | 3,495,945 |  |  | 80,365,716 |
Credit risk transfer securities | 129,613 |  |  | 93,258 |  |  | 222,871 |
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities | 497,782 |  |  | 88,172 |  |  | 585,954 |
Residential mortgage loans (2) | 4,130,347 |  |  | 164,924 |  |  | 4,295,271 |
MSRs | 3,110 |  |  | 277,448 |  |  | 280,558 |
Commercial real estate debt investments (2) | 1,895,929 |  |  | 123,571 |  |  | 2,019,500 |
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment (2) | 1,428,953 |  |  | 134,181 |  |  | 1,563,134 |
Corporate debt, held for investment | 1,549,706 |  |  | 600,557 |  |  | 2,150,263 |
Other assets (3) | — |  |  | 123,031 |  |  | 123,031 |
Total financial assets | $ | 87,494,720 |  |  | $ | 6,935,099 |  |  | $ | 94,429,819 |

(1) | The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(2) | Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles.

(3) | Includes interests in certain joint ventures and equity instruments.

We maintain liquid assets in order to satisfy our current and future obligations in normal and stressed operating environments. These are held as the primary means of liquidity risk mitigation. The composition of our liquid assets is also considered and is subject to certain parameters. The composition is monitored for concentration risk and asset type. We believe the assets we consider liquid can be readily converted into cash, through liquidation or by being used as collateral in financing arrangements (including as additional collateral to support existing financial arrangements). Our balance sheet also generates liquidity on an on-going basis through mortgage principal and interest repayments and net earnings held prior to payment of dividends. The following table presents our liquid assets as a percentage of total assets at March 31, 2020:

| Carrying Value (1)
Liquid assets | (dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,823,521 |
Residential Securities (2) (3) | 79,370,674 |
Residential mortgage loans (4) | 1,268,083 |
Commercial real estate debt investments (5) | 91,925 |
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment (6) | 564,592 |
Corporate debt, held for investment (7) | 1,693,283 |
Total liquid assets | $ | 85,812,078 |
Percentage of liquid assets to carrying amount of encumbered and unencumbered financial assets (8) | 98.91 | %

(1) | Carrying value approximates the market value of assets. The assets listed in this table include $81.0 billion of assets that have been pledged as collateral against existing liabilities at March 31, 2020. Please refer to the Encumbered and Unencumbered Assets table for related information.

(2) | The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(3) | Excludes securitized Agency mortgage-backed securities of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $1.8 billion.

(4) | Excludes securitized residential mortgage loans transferred or pledged to consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $3.0 billion.

(5) | Excludes securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $1.9 billion.

(6) | Excludes senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $0.9 billion.

(7) | Excludes certain second lien loans.

(8) | Denominator is computed based on the carrying amount of encumbered and encumbered financial assets, excluding assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles of $7.7 billion.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Maturity Profile
We consider the profile of our assets, liabilities and derivatives when managing both liquidity risk as well as investment/market risk employing a measurement of both the maturity gap and interest rate sensitivity gap. We determine the amount of liquid assets that are required to be held by monitoring several liquidity metrics. We utilize several modeling techniques to analyze our current and potential obligations including the expected cash flows from our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The following table illustrates the expected final maturities and cash flows of our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The table is based on a static portfolio and assumes no reinvestment of asset cash flows and no future liabilities are entered into. In assessing the maturity of our assets, liabilities and off balance sheet obligations, we use the stated maturities, or our prepayment expectations for assets and liabilities that exhibit prepayment characteristics. Cash and cash equivalents are included in the ‘Less than 3 Months’ maturity bucket, as they are typically held for a short period of time.
With respect to each maturity bucket, our maturity gap is considered negative when the amount of maturing liabilities exceeds the amount of maturing assets. A negative gap increases our liquidity risk as we must enter into future liabilities.
Our interest rate sensitivity gap is the difference between interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities maturing or re-pricing within a given time period. Unlike the calculation of maturity gap, interest rate sensitivity gap includes the effect of our interest rate swaps. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest-rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities exceeds interest-rate sensitive assets. During a period of rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income. During a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to affect net interest income adversely. Because different types of assets and liabilities with the same or similar maturities may react differently to changes in overall market rates or conditions, changes in interest rates may affect net interest income positively or negatively even if assets and liabilities were perfectly matched in each maturity category. The amount of assets and liabilities utilized to compute our interest rate sensitivity gap was determined in accordance with the contractual terms of the assets and liabilities, except that adjustable-rate loans and securities are included in the period in which their interest rates are first scheduled to adjust and not in the period in which they mature. The effects of interest rate swaps, whereby we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate and effectively lock in our financing costs for a longer term, are also reflected in our interest rate sensitivity gap.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
The interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities in the following table at March 31, 2020 could vary substantially based on actual prepayment experience.

| Less than 3 Months |  | 3-12 Months |  | More than 1 Year to 3 Years |  | 3 Years and Over |  | Total
Financial assets | (dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,823,521 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,823,521 |
Agency mortgage-backed securities (principal) | — |  |  | 5,538 |  |  | 1,513,032 |  |  | 70,354,012 |  |  | 71,872,582 |
Credit risk transfer securities (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,569 |  |  | 425,735 |  |  | 455,304 |
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (principal) | 260 |  |  | 5,600 |  |  | 69,814 |  |  | 621,971 |  |  | 697,645 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 114,552 |  |  | 114,552 |
Total securities | 260 |  |  | 11,138 |  |  | 1,612,415 |  |  | 71,516,270 |  |  | 73,140,083 |
Residential mortgage loans (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,290,209 |  |  | 1,290,209 |
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity (principal) | 222,007 |  |  | 54,588 |  |  | 387,919 |  |  | 55,304 |  |  | 719,818 |
Corporate debt (principal) | — |  |  | 550 |  |  | 188,697 |  |  | 2,036,353 |  |  | 2,225,600 |
Total loans | 222,007 |  |  | 55,138 |  |  | 576,616 |  |  | 3,381,866 |  |  | 4,235,627 |
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,912,846 |  |  | 7,912,846 |
Total financial assets - maturity | 3,045,788 |  |  | 66,276 |  |  | 2,189,031 |  |  | 82,810,982 |  |  | 88,112,077 |
Effect of utilizing reset dates (1) | 79,954,241 |  |  | 756,884 |  |  | (1,868,859 | ) |  | (78,842,266 | ) |  | — |
Total financial assets - interest rate sensitive | $ | 83,000,029 |  |  | $ | 823,160 |  |  | $ | 320,172 |  |  | $ | 3,968,716 |  |  | $ | 88,112,077 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Repurchase agreements | $ | 64,483,514 |  |  | $ | 8,096,669 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |
Other secured financing | 29,534 |  |  | 855,484 |  |  | 7,217 |  |  | 913,193 |  |  | 1,805,428 |
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 206,553 |  |  | 6,469,436 |  |  | 6,675,989 |
Total financial liabilities - maturity | 64,513,048 |  |  | 8,952,153 |  |  | 213,770 |  |  | 7,382,629 |  |  | 81,061,600 |
Effect of utilizing reset dates (1)(2) | (2,400,649 | ) |  | (6,210,469 | ) |  | 4,516,347 |  |  | 4,094,771 |  |  |  |
Total financial liabilities - interest rate sensitive | $ | 62,112,399 |  |  | $ | 2,741,684 |  |  | $ | 4,730,117 |  |  | $ | 11,477,400 |  |  | $ | 81,061,600 |
Maturity gap | $ | (61,467,260 | ) |  | $ | (8,885,877 | ) |  | $ | 1,975,261 |  |  | $ | 75,428,353 |  |  | $ | 7,050,477 |
Cumulative maturity gap | $ | (61,467,260 | ) |  | $ | (70,353,137 | ) |  | $ | (68,377,876 | ) |  | $ | 7,050,477 |  |  |
Interest rate sensitivity gap | $ | 20,887,630 |  |  | $ | (1,918,524 | ) |  | $ | (4,409,945 | ) |  | $ | (7,508,684 | ) |  | $ | 7,050,477 |
Cumulative rate sensitivity gap | $ | 20,887,630 |  |  | $ | 18,969,106 |  |  | $ | 14,559,161 |  |  | $ | 7,050,477 |  |  |
(1) Maturity gap utilizes stated maturities, or prepayment expectations for assets that exhibit prepayment characteristics, while interest rate sensitivity gap utilizes reset dates, if applicable. (2) Includes effect of interest rate swaps.

The methodologies we employ for evaluating interest rate risk include an analysis of our interest rate “gap,” measurement of the duration and convexity of our portfolio and sensitivities to interest rates and spreads.
Stress Testing
We utilize liquidity stress testing to ensure we have sufficient liquidity under a variety of scenarios and stresses. These stress tests assist with the management of our pool of liquid assets and influence our current and future funding plans. Our stress tests are modeled over both short term and longer time horizons. The stresses applied include market-wide and firm-specific stresses.
Liquidity Management Policies
We utilize a comprehensive liquidity policy structure to inform our liquidity risk management practices including monitoring and measurement, along with well-defined key risk indicators. Both quantitative and qualitative targets are utilized to measure the ongoing stability and condition of the liquidity position, and include the level and composition of unencumbered assets, as well as both short-term and long-term sustainability of the funding composition under stress conditions.
We also monitor early warning metrics designed to measure the quality and depth of liquidity sources based upon both company-specific and market conditions. The metrics assist in assessing our liquidity conditions and are integrated into our escalation protocol.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Investment/Market Risk Management
One of the primary risks we are subject to is investment/market risk. Changes in the level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the income we earn on our interest earning assets and the interest expense incurred from interest bearing liabilities and derivatives. Changes in the level of interest rates and spreads can also affect the value of our securities and potential realization of gains or losses from the sale of these assets. We may utilize a variety of financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, swaptions, options, futures and other hedges, in order to limit the adverse effects of interest rates on our results. In the case of interest rate swaps, we utilize contracts linked to LIBOR but may also enter into interest rate swaps where the floating leg is linked to the overnight index swap rate or another index, particularly in light of a potential transition away from LIBOR. In addition, we may use MAC interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. MAC interest rate swaps offer price transparency, flexibility and more efficient portfolio administration through compression which is the process of reducing the number of unique interest rate swap contracts and replacing them with fewer contracts containing market defined terms. Our portfolio and the value of our portfolio, including derivatives, may be adversely affected as a result of changing interest rates and spreads.
We simulate a wide variety of interest rate scenarios in evaluating our risk. Scenarios are run to capture our sensitivity to changes in interest rates, spreads and the shape of the yield curve. We also consider the assumptions affecting our analysis such as those related to prepayments. In addition to predefined interest rate scenarios, we utilize Value-at-Risk measures to estimate potential losses in the portfolio over various time horizons utilizing various confidence levels. The following tables estimate the potential changes in economic net interest income over a twelve month period and the immediate effect on our portfolio market value (inclusive of derivative instruments), should interest rates instantaneously increase or decrease by 25, 50 or 75 basis points, and the effect of portfolio market value if mortgage option-adjusted spreads instantaneously increase or decrease by 5, 15 or 25 basis points (assuming shocks are parallel and instantaneous). All changes to income and portfolio market value are measured as percentage changes from the projected net interest income and portfolio value at the base interest rate scenario. The net interest income simulations incorporate the interest expense effect of rate resets on liabilities and derivatives as well as the amortization expense and reinvestment of principal based on the prepayments on our securities, which varies based on the level of rates. The results assume no management actions in response to the rate or spread changes. The following table presents estimates at March 31, 2020. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Change in Interest Rate (1) | Projected Percentage Change in Economic Net Interest Income (2) |  | Estimated Percentage Change in Portfolio Value (3) |  | Estimated Change as a % on NAV (3)(4)
-75 Basis points | (13.0%) |  | 0.1% |  | 0.9%
-50 Basis points | (10.1%) |  | 0.3% |  | 1.9%
-25 Basis points | (4.8%) |  | 0.3% |  | 1.8%
+25 Basis points | 4.6% |  | (0.2%) |  | (1.7%)
+50 Basis points | 9.0% |  | (0.5%) |  | (4.0%)
+75 Basis points | 11.1% |  | (1.0%) |  | (6.9%)
MBS Spread Shock (1) | Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value |  | Estimated Change as a % on NAV (3)(4) |  |
-25 Basis points | 1.3% |  | 9.1% |  |
-15 Basis points | 0.8% |  | 5.5% |  |
-5 Basis points | 0.2% |  | 1.8% |  |
+5 Basis points | (0.2%) |  | (1.8%) |  |
+15 Basis points | (0.7%) |  | (5.4%) |  |
+25 Basis points | (1.2%) |  | (9.0%) |  |
(1) Interest rate and MBS spread sensitivity are based on results from third party models in conjunction with inputs from our internal investment professionals. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. (2) Scenarios include Residential Securities, commercial real estate investments, corporate debt, repurchase agreements, other secured financing and interest rate swaps. Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (3) Scenarios include Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, MSRs and derivative instruments. (4) NAV represents book value of eq uity.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Credit Risk Management
Key risk parameters have been established to specify our credit risk appetite. We seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within the firm’s specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-return attributes.
While we do not expect to encounter credit risk in our Agency mortgage-backed securities, we face credit risk on the non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities in our portfolio. In addition, we are also exposed to credit risk on residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate debt. MSR values may also be impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. We are subject to risk of loss if an issuer or borrower fails to perform its contractual obligations. We have established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including establishing and reviewing limits for credit exposure. We will originate or purchase commercial investments that meet our comprehensive underwriting process and credit standards and are approved by the appropriate committee. Once a commercial investment is made, our ongoing surveillance process includes regular reviews, analysis and oversight of investments by our investment personnel and appropriate committee. We review credit and other risks of loss associated with each investment. Our management monitors the overall portfolio risk and determines estimates of provision for loss. Additionally, ALCO has oversight of our credit risk exposure.
Our portfolio composition, based on balance sheet values, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows:

| March 31, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Category |  |  |
Agency mortgage-backed securities (1) | 87.2 | % |  | 89.5 | %
Credit risk transfer securities | 0.2 | % |  | 0.4 | %
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities | 0.6 | % |  | 0.9 | %
Residential mortgage loans (1) | 4.7 | % |  | 3.3 | %
Mortgage servicing rights | 0.3 | % |  | 0.3 | %
Commercial real estate (1) (2) | 4.7 | % |  | 3.9 | %
Corporate debt | 2.3 | % |  | 1.7 | %
(1) Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles. (2) Net of unamortized origination fees.

Counterparty Risk Management
Our use of repurchase and derivative agreements and trading activities create exposure to counterparty risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these agreements fail to perform their obligations under the contracts. In the event of default by a counterparty, we could have difficulty obtaining our assets pledged as collateral. A significant portion of our investments are financed with repurchase agreements by pledging our Residential Securities and certain commercial real estate investments as collateral to the applicable lender. The collateral we pledge generally exceeds the amount of the borrowings under each agreement. If the counterparty to the repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and we are not able to recover our pledged asset, we are at risk of losing the over-collateralization or haircut. The amount of this exposure is the difference between the amount loaned to us plus interest due to the counterparty and the fair value of the collateral pledged by us to the lender including accrued interest receivable on such collateral.
We also use interest rate swaps and other derivatives to manage interest rate risk. Under these agreements, we pledge securities and cash as collateral or settle variation margin payments as part of a margin arrangement.
If a counterparty were to default on its obligations, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that the amount of our securities or cash pledged exceeded the unrealized loss on the associated derivative and we were not able to recover the excess collateral. Additionally, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that our unrealized gains on derivative instruments exceeded the amount of the counterparty’s securities or cash pledged to us.
We monitor our exposure to counterparties across several dimensions including by type of arrangement, collateral type, counterparty type, ratings and geography. Additionally, ALCO has oversight of our counterparty exposure.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
The following table summarizes our exposure to counterparties by geography at March 31, 2020:

| Number of Counterparties |  | Repurchase Agreement Financing |  | Interest Rate Swaps at Fair Value |  | Exposure (1)
Geography | (dollars in thousands)
North America | 21 |  |  | $ | 54,978,163 |  |  | $ | (424,930 | ) |  | $ | 2,035,206 |
Europe | 12 |  |  | 13,019,512 |  |  | (819,379 | ) |  | 926,288 |
Japan | 3 |  |  | 4,582,508 |  |  | — |  |  | 246,755 |
Total | 36 |  |  | $ | 72,580,183 |  |  | $ | (1,244,309 | ) |  | $ | 3,208,249 |
(1) Re presents the amount of cash and/or securities pledged as collateral to each counterparty less the aggregate of repurchase agreement financing and unrealized loss on swaps for each counterparty.

Operational Risk Management
We are subject to operational risk in each of our business and support functions. Operational risk may arise from internal or external sources including human error, fraud, systems issues, process change, vendors, business interruptions and other external events. Model risk considers potential errors with a model’s results due to uncertainty in model parameters and inappropriate methodologies used. The result of these risks may include financial loss and reputational damage. We manage operational risk through a variety of tools including policies and procedures that cover topics such as business continuity, personal conduct, cybersecurity and vendor management. Other tools include testing, including disaster recovery testing; systems controls, including access controls; training, including cybersecurity awareness training; and monitoring, which includes the use of key risk indicators. Employee-level lines of defense against operational risk include proper segregation of incompatible duties, activity-level internal controls over financial reporting, the empowerment of business units to identify and mitigate operational risk sources, testing by our internal audit staff, and our overall governance framework.
We have established a Cybersecurity Committee to help mitigate cybersecurity risks. The role of the committee is to oversee cyber risk assessments, monitor applicable key risk indicators, review cybersecurity training procedures, oversee our Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan and engage third parties to conduct periodic penetration testing. Our cybersecurity risk assessment includes an evaluation of cyber risk related to sensitive data held by third parties on their systems. The Cybersecurity Committee periodically reports to the ERC, and the Board via the BRC and the BAC. There is no assurance that these efforts will effectively mitigate cybersecurity risk and mitigation efforts are not an assurance that no cybersecurity incidents will occur. We have purchased cybersecurity insurance, however, there is no assurance that the insurance policy will cover all cybersecurity breaches or that the policy will cover all losses.
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk Management
Our business is organized as a REIT, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT. The determination that we are a REIT requires an analysis of various factual matters and circumstances. Accordingly, we closely monitor our REIT status within our risk management program. We also regularly assess our risk management in respect of our regulated and licensed subsidiaries, which include our registered broker-dealer subsidiary Arcola and our subsidiary that is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act.
The financial services industry is highly regulated and receives significant attention from regulators, which may impact both our company as well as our business strategy. We proactively monitor the potential impact regulation may have both directly and indirectly on us. We maintain a process to actively monitor both actual and potential legal action that may affect us. Our risk management framework is designed to identify, measure and monitor these risks under the oversight of the ERC.
We currently rely on the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for this exemption from registration. The determination that we qualify for this exemption from registration depends on various factual matters and circumstances. Accordingly, in conjunction with our legal department, we closely monitor our compliance with Section 3(c)(5)(C) within our risk management program. The monitoring of this risk is also under the oversight of the ERC.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) gained jurisdiction over the regulation of interest rate swaps. The CFTC has asserted that this causes the operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts that use swaps as part of their business model to fall within the statutory definition of Commodity Pool Operator (“CPO”), and, absent relief from the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight or the CFTC, to register as CPOs. On December 7, 2012, as a result of numerous requests for no-action relief from the CPO registration requirement for operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts, the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight of the CFTC issued no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” that permits a CPO to receive relief by filing a claim to perfect the use of the relief. A claim submitted by a CPO will be effective upon filing, so long as the claim is materially complete. The conditions that must be met relate to initial margin and premiums requirements, net income derived annually from commodity interest positions that are not qualifying hedging transactions, marketing of interests in the mortgage real estate investment trust to the public, and identification of the entity as a mortgage real estate investment trust in its federal tax filings with the Internal Revenue Service. While we disagree with the CFTC’s position that mortgage REITs that use swaps as part of their business model fall within the statutory definition of a CPO, we have submitted a claim for the relief set forth in the no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” and believe we meet the criteria for such relief set forth therein.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies that require us to make significant judgments or estimates are described below. For more information on these critical accounting policies and other significant accounting policies, see “Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Valuation of Financial Instruments
Residential Securities
There is an active market for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities. Since we primarily invest in securities that can be valued using actively quoted prices for actively traded assets, there is a high degree of observable inputs and less subjectivity in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices from the TBA securities market, the Treasury curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual securities, which may include coupon, periodic and life caps, reset dates and the expected life of the security. While prepayment rates may be difficult to predict and require estimation and judgment in the valuation of Agency mortgage-backed securities, we use several third party models to validate prepayment speeds used in fair value measurements of residential securities. All internal fair values are compared to external pricing sources and/or dealer quotes to determine reasonableness. Additionally, securities used as collateral for repurchase agreements are priced daily by counterparties to ensure sufficient collateralization, providing additional verification of our internal pricing.
Residential Mortgage Loans
There is an active market for the residential whole loans in which we invest. Since we primarily invest in residential loans that can be valued using actively quoted prices for similar assets, there are observable inputs in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices for similar market transactions, the swap curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual loans, which may include loan term, coupon, and reset dates. While prepayment rates may be difficult to predict and are a significant estimate requiring judgment in the valuation of residential whole loans, we validate prepayment speeds against those provided by independent pricing analytic providers specializing in residential mortgage loans. Internal fair values are generally compared to external pricing sources to determine reasonableness.
MSRs
Fair value estimates for our investment in MSRs are obtained from models, which use significant unobservable inputs in their valuations. These valuations primarily utilize discounted cash flow models that incorporate unobservable market data inputs including prepayment rates, delinquency levels, costs to service and discount rates. Model valuations are then compared to valuations obtained from third-party pricing providers. Management reviews the valuations received from third-party pricing providers and uses them as a point of comparison to modeled values. The valuation of MSRs requires significant judgment by management and the third-party pricing providers.
Commercial Real Estate Investments
The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices
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of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral. These securities must also be evaluated for impairment if the fair value of the security is lower than its amortized cost. Determining whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment may require us to exercise significant judgment and make estimates to determine expected cash flows incorporating assumptions such as changes in interest rates and loss expectations. For commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments classified as held for investment, we apply significant judgment in evaluating the need for a loss reserve. Estimated net recoverable value of the commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments and other factors such as the fair value of any collateral, the amount and status of senior debt, the prospects of the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business must be considered in determining the allowance for loan losses. For commercial real estate loans held for sale, significant judgment may need to be applied in determining the fair value of the loans and whether a valuation allowance is necessary. Factors that may need to be considered to determine the fair value of a loan held for sale include the borrower’s credit quality, liquidity and other market factors and the fair value of the underlying collateral.
Interest Rate Swaps
We use the overnight indexed swap (“OIS”) curve as an input to value substantially all of our uncleared interest rate swaps. We believe using the OIS curve, which reflects the interest rate typically paid on cash collateral, enables us to most accurately determine the fair value of uncleared interest rate swaps. Consistent with market practice, we exchange collateral (also called margin) based on the fair values of our interest rate swaps. Through this margining process, we may be able to compare our recorded fair value with the fair value calculated by the counterparty or derivatives clearing organization, providing additional verification of our recorded fair value of the uncleared interest rate swaps. We value our cleared interest rate swaps using the prices provided by the derivatives clearing organization.
Revenue Recognition
Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based on the outstanding principal amounts of the Residential Securities and their contractual terms. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of the Residential Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the projected lives of the securities using the interest method. To aid in determining projected lives of the securities, we use third-party model and market information to project prepayment speeds. Our prepayment speed projections incorporate underlying loan characteristics (i.e., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts and expert judgment. Prepayment speeds vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets and other factors and cannot be predicted with any certainty. Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results. Adjustments are made for actual prepayment activity as it relates to calculating the effective yield. Gains or losses on sales of Residential Securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
Determining whether an entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE requires significant judgment related to assessing the purpose and design of the VIE and determination of the activities that most significantly impact its economic performance. We must also identify explicit and implicit variable interests in the entity and consider our involvement in both the design of the VIE and its ongoing activities. To determine whether consolidation of the VIE is required, we must apply judgment to assess whether we have the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE and whether we have either the rights to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses that could be potentially significant to the VIE.
Use of Estimates
The use of GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Glossary of Terms

A

Adjustable-Rate Loan / Security
A loan / security on which interest rates are adjusted at regular intervals according to predetermined criteria. The adjustable interest rate is tied to an objective, published interest rate index.
Agency
Refers to a federally chartered corporation, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or an agency of the U.S. Government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association.
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
Refers to residential mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by an Agency.
Amortization
Liquidation of a debt through installment payments. Amortization also refers to the process of systematically reducing a recognized asset or liability (e.g., a purchase premium or discount for a debt security) with an offset to earnings.
Average GAAP Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities and Average Economic Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities
Average GAAP cost of interest bearing liabilities represents annualized interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. A verage interest bearing liabilities reflects the average balances during the period. Average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities.
Average Life
On a mortgage-backed security, the average time to receipt of each dollar of principal, weighted by the amount of each principal prepayment, based on prepayment assumptions.
Average Yield on Interest Earnings Assets and Average Yield on Interest Earnings Assets (excluding PAA)
Average yield on interest earning assets represents annualized interest income divided by average interest earning assets. Average interest earning assets reflects the average amortized cost of our investments during the period. Average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) is calculated using annualized interest income (excluding PAA).

B

Basis Point (“bp”)
One hundredth of one percent, used in expressing differences in interest rates. One basis point is 0.01% of yield. For example, a bond’s yield that changed from 3.00% to 3.50% would be said to have moved 50 basis points.
Benchmark
A bond or an index referencing a basket of bonds whose terms are used for comparison with other bonds of similar maturity. The global financial market typically looks to U.S. Treasury securities as benchmarks.
Beneficial Owner
One who benefits from owning a security, even if the security’s title of ownership is in the name of a broker or bank.
B-Note
Subordinate mortgage notes and/or subordinate mortgage loan participations.
B-Piece
The most subordinate commercial mortgage-backed security bond class.
Board
Refers to the board of directors of Annaly.
Bond
The written evidence of debt, bearing a stated rate or stated rates of interest, or stating a formula for determining that rate, and maturing on a date certain, on which date and upon presentation a fixed sum of money plus interest (usually represented by interest coupons attached to the bond) is payable to the holder or owner. Bonds are long-term securities with an original maturity of greater than one year.
Book Value Per Share
Calculated by summing common stock, additional paid-in capital, accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated deficit and dividing that number by the total common shares outstanding.
Broker
Generic name for a securities firm engaged in both buying and selling securities on behalf of customers or its own account.

C

Capital Buffer
Includes unencumbered financial assets which can be either sold or utilized as collateral to meet liquidity needs.
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Capital Ratio
Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs.
Carry
The amount an asset earns over its hedging and financing costs. A positive carry happens when the rate on the securities being financed is greater than the rate on the funds borrowed. A negative carry is when the rate on the funds borrowed is greater than the rate on the securities that are being financed.
CMBX
The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 CMBS of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of CMBS securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying CMBS securities as they occur.
Collateral
Securities, cash or property pledged by a borrower or party to a derivative contract to secure payment of a loan or derivative. If the borrower fails to repay the loan or defaults under the derivative contract, the secured party may take ownership of the collateral.
Collateralized Loan Obligation (“CLO”)
A securitization collateralized by loans and other debt instruments.
Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (“CMO”)
A multiclass bond backed by a pool of mortgage pass-through securities or mortgage loans.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)
An independent U.S. federal agency established by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974. The CFTC regulates the swaps, commodity futures and options markets. Its goals include the promotion of competitive and efficient futures markets and the protection of investors against manipulation, abusive trade practices and fraud.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Security
Securities collateralized by a pool of mortgages on commercial real estate in which all principal and interest from the mortgages flow to certificate holders in a defined sequence or manner.
Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”)
The percentage of outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one year, based on the annualization of the Single
Monthly Mortality, which reflects the outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one month.
Convexity
A measure of the change in a security’s duration with respect to changes in interest rates. The more convex a security is, the more its duration will change with interest rate changes.
Core Earnings (excluding PAA) and Core Earnings (excluding PAA) Per Average Common Share
Core earnings is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items), and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items) and excludes (g) the premium amortization adjustment representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities. Core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share is calculated by dividing core earnings (excluding PAA) by average basic common shares for the period.
Corporate Debt
Non-government debt instruments issued by corporations. Long-term corporate debt can be issued as bonds or loans.
Counterparty
One of two entities in a transaction. For example, in the bond market a counterparty can be a state or local government, a broker-dealer or a corporation.
Coupon
The interest rate on a bond that is used to compute the amount of interest due on a periodic basis.
Credit and Counterparty Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business, resulting from an obligor’s or counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. Credit and counterparty risk is present in lending, investing, funding and hedging activities.
Credit Derivatives
Derivative instruments that have one or more underlyings related to the credit risk of a specified entity (or group of entities) or an index that exposes the seller to potential loss from specified credit-risk related events. An example is credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index.
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Credit Risk Transfer (“CRT”) Securities
Credit Risk Transfer securities are risk sharing transactions issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. The securities issued in the CRT sector are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and/or third parties to private investors.
Current Face
The current remaining monthly principal on a mortgage security. Current face is computed by multiplying the original face value of the security by the current principal balance factor.

D

Dealer
Person or organization that underwrites, trades and sells securities, e.g., a principal market-maker in securities.
Default Risk
Possibility that a bond issuer will fail to pay principal or interest when due.
Derivative
A financial product that derives its value from the price, price fluctuations and price expectations of an underlying instrument, index or reference pool (e.g. futures contracts, options, interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and certain to-be-announced securities).
Discount Price
When the dollar price is below face value, it is said to be selling at a discount.
Duration
The weighted maturity of a fixed-income investment’s cash flows, used in the estimation of the price sensitivity of fixed-income securities for a given change in interest rates.

E

Economic Capital
A measure of the risk a firm is subject to. It is the amount of capital a firm needs as a buffer to protect against risk. It is a probabilistic measure of potential future losses at a given confidence level over a given time horizon.
Economic Interest Expense
Non-GAAP financial measure that is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.
Economic Leverage Ratio (Economic Debt-to-Equity Ratio)
Calculated as the sum of recourse debt, cost basis of TBA and CMBX derivatives outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.
Economic Net Interest Income
Non-GAAP financial measure that is composed of GAAP net interest income less Economic Interest Expense.
Encumbered Assets
Assets on the company’s balance sheet which have been pledged as collateral against a liability.
Eurodollar
A U.S. dollar deposit held in Europe or elsewhere outside the United States.

F

Face Amount
The par value (i.e., principal or maturity value) of a security appearing on the face of the instrument.
Factor
A decimal value reflecting the proportion of the outstanding principal balance of a mortgage security, which changes over time, in relation to its original principal value.
Fannie Mae
Federal National Mortgage Association.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”)
An independent agency created by the U.S. Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation’s financial system by insuring deposits, examining and supervising financial institutions for safety and soundness and consumer protection, and managing receiverships.
Federal Funds Rate
The interest rate charged by banks on overnight loans of their excess reserve funds to other banks.
Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLB”)
U.S. Government-sponsored banks that provide reliable liquidity to member financial institutions to support housing finance and community investment.
Federal Housing Financing Agency (“FHFA”)
The FHFA is an independent regulatory agency that oversees vital components of the secondary mortgage market
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including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks.
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”)
FINRA is a non-governmental organization tasked with regulating all business dealings conducted between dealers, brokers and all public investors.
Fixed-Rate Mortgage
A mortgage featuring level monthly payments, determined at the outset, which remain constant over the life of the mortgage.
Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (“FICC”)
The FICC is an agency that deals with the confirmation, settlement and delivery of fixed-income assets in the U.S. The agency ensures the systematic and efficient settlement of U.S. Government securities and mortgage-backed security transactions in the market.
Floating Rate Bond
A bond for which the interest rate is adjusted periodically according to a predetermined formula, usually linked to an index.
Floating Rate CMO
A CMO tranche which pays an adjustable rate of interest tied to a representative interest rate index such as the LIBOR, the Constant Maturity Treasury or the Cost of Funds Index.
Freddie Mac
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
Futures Contract
A legally binding agreement to buy or sell a commodity or financial instrument in a designated future month at a price agreed upon at the initiation of the contract by the buyer and seller. Futures contracts are standardized according to the quality, quantity, and delivery time and location for each commodity. A futures contract differs from an option in that an option gives one of the counterparties a right and the other an obligation to buy or sell, while a futures contract represents an obligation of both counterparties, one to deliver and the other to accept delivery. A futures contract is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives.

G

GAAP
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Ginnie Mae
Government National Mortgage Association.

H

Hedge
An investment made with the intention of minimizing the impact of adverse movements in interest rates or securities prices.

I

In-the-Money
Description for an option that has intrinsic value and can be sold or exercised for a profit; a call option is in-the-money when the strike price (execution price) is below the market price of the underlying security.
Interest Bearing Liabilities
Refers to repurchase agreements, debt issued by securitization vehicles, FHLB Des Moines advances and credit facilities. Average interest bearing liabilities is based on daily balances.
Interest Earning Assets
Refers to Residential Securities, U.S. Treasury securities, reverse repurchase agreements, commercial real estate debt and preferred equity interests, residential mortgage loans and corporate debt. Average interest earning assets is based on daily balances.
Interest-Only (IO) Bond
The interest portion of mortgage, Treasury or bond payments, which is separated and sold individually from the principal portion of those same payments.
Interest Rate Risk
The risk that an investment’s value will change due to a change in the absolute level of interest rates, in the spread between two rates, in the shape of the yield curve or in any other interest rate relationship. As market interest rates rise, the value of current fixed income investment holdings declines. Diversifying, deleveraging and hedging techniques are utilized to mitigate this risk. Interest rate risk is a form of market risk.
Interest Rate Swap
A binding agreement between counterparties to exchange periodic interest payments on some predetermined dollar principal, which is called the notional principal amount. For example, one party will pay fixed and receive a variable rate .
Interest Rate Swaption
Options on interest rate swaps. The buyer of a swaption has the right to enter into an interest rate swap agreement at some specified date in the future. The swaption agreement will specify whether the buyer of the swaption will be a fixed-rate receiver or a fixed-rate payer.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) Master Agreement
Standardized contract developed by ISDA used as an umbrella under which bilateral derivatives contracts are entered into.
Inverse IO Bond
An interest-only bond whose coupon is determined by a formula expressing an inverse relationship to a benchmark rate, such as LIBOR. As the benchmark rate changes, the IO coupon adjusts in the opposite direction. When the benchmark rate is relatively low, the IO pays a relatively high coupon payment, and vice versa.
Investment/Market Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets caused from changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of Residential Securities and other investment instruments.
Investment Advisers Act
Refers to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
Investment Company Act
Refers to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

L

Leverage
The use of borrowed money to increase investing power and economic returns.
Leverage Ratio (Debt-to-Equity Ratio)
Calculated as total debt to total stockholders’ equity. For purposes of calculating this ratio total debt includes repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us.
LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate)
The rate banks charge each other for short-term Eurodollar loans. LIBOR is frequently used as the base for resetting rates on floating-rate securities and the floating-rate legs of interest rate swaps.
Liquidity Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business arising from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.
Long-Term CPR
Our projected prepayment speeds for certain Agency mortgage-backed securities using third-party model and market information. Our prepayment speed projections
incorporate underlying loan characteristics (e.g., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts. Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results.
Long-Term Debt
Debt which matures in more than one year.

M

Market Agreed Coupon (“MAC”) Interest Rate Swap
An interest rate swap contract structure with pre-defined, market agreed terms, developed by SIFMA and ISDA with the purpose of promoting liquidity and simplified administration.
Monetary Policy
Action taken by the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve System to influence the money supply or interest rates.
Mortgage-Backed Security (“MBS”)
A security representing a direct interest in a pool of mortgage loans. The pass-through issuer or servicer collects the payments on the loans in the pool and “passes through” the principal and interest to the security holders on a pro rata basis.
Mortgage Loan
A mortgage loan granted by a bank, thrift or other financial institution that is based solely on real estate as security and is not insured or guaranteed by a government agency.
Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”)
Contractual agreements constituting the right to service an existing mortgage where the holder receives the benefits and bears the costs and risks of servicing the mortgage.

N

NAV
Net asset value.
Net Interest Income
Represents interest income earned on our portfolio investments, less interest expense paid for borrowings.
Net Interest Margin and Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)
Net interest margin represents our interest income less interest expense divided by average interest earning assets. Net interest margin (excluding PAA) represents the sum of our interest income (excluding PAA) plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average interest earning assets plus average outstanding TBA contract and CMBX balances.
Net Interest Spread and Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA)
Net interest spread represents the average yield on interest earning assets less the average GAAP cost of interest bearing liabilities. Net interest spread (excluding PAA) represents the average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) less the average economic cost of interest bearing liabilities.
Non-Performing Loan (“NPL”)
A loan that is close to defaulting or is in default.
Notional Amount
A stated principal amount in a derivative contract on which the contract is based.

O

Operational Risk
Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, human factors or external events.
Option Contract
A contract in which the buyer has the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a set price on or before a given date. Buyers of call options bet that a security will be worth more than the price set by the option (the strike price), plus the price they pay for the option itself. Buyers of put options bet that the security’s price will drop below the price set by the option. An option is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives, which means these financial instruments derive their value from the worth of an underlying investment.
Original Face
The face value or original principal amount of a security on its issue date.
Out-of-the-Money
Description for an option that has no intrinsic value and would be worthless if it expired today; for a call option, this situation occurs when the strike price is higher than the market price of the underlying security; for a put option, this situation occurs when the strike price is less than the market price of the underlying security.
Overnight Index Swaps (“OIS”)
An interest rate swap in which a fixed rate is exchanged for an overnight floating rate.
Over-The-Counter (“OTC”) Market
A securities market that is conducted by dealers throughout the country through negotiation of price rather than through
the use of an auction system as represented by a stock exchange.

P

Par
Price equal to the face amount of a security; 100%.
Par Amount
The principal amount of a bond or note due at maturity. Also known as par value.
Pass-Through Security
A securitization structure where a GSE or other entity “passes” the amount collected from the borrowers every month to the investor, after deducting fees and expenses.
Pool
A collection of mortgage loans assembled by an originator or master servicer as the basis for a security. In the case of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac mortgage pass-through securities, pools are identified by a number assigned by the issuing agency.
Premium
The amount by which the price of a security exceeds its principal amount. When the dollar price of a bond is above its face value, it is said to be selling at a premium.
Premium Amortization Adjustment (“PAA”)
The cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities.
Prepayment
The unscheduled partial or complete payment of the principal amount outstanding on a mortgage loan or other debt before it is due.
Prepayment Risk
The risk that falling interest rates will lead to increased prepayments of mortgage or other loans, forcing the investor to reinvest at lower prevailing rates.
Prepayment Speed
The estimated rate at which mortgage borrowers will pay off the mortgages that underlie an MBS.
Prime Rate
The indicative interest rate on loans that banks quote to their best commercial customers.
Principal and Interest
The term used to refer to regularly scheduled payments or prepayments of principal and payments of interest on a mortgage or other security.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

R

Rate Reset
The adjustment of the interest rate on a floating-rate security according to a prescribed formula.
Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”)
A special purpose investment vehicle that provides investors with the ability to participate directly in the ownership or financing of real-estate related assets by pooling their capital to purchase and manage mortgage loans and/or income property.
Recourse Debt
Debt on which the economic borrower is obligated to repay the entire balance regardless of the value of the pledged collateral. By contrast, the economic borrower’s obligation to repay non-recourse debt is limited to the value of the pledged collateral. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.
Reinvestment Risk
The risk that interest income or principal repayments will have to be reinvested at lower rates in a declining rate environment.
Re-Performing Loan (“RPL”)
A type of loan in which payments were previously delinquent by at least 90 days but have resumed.
Repurchase Agreement
The sale of securities to investors with the agreement to buy them back at a higher price after a specified time period; a form of short-term borrowing. For the party on the other end of the transaction (buying the security and agreeing to sell in the future) it is a reverse repurchase agreement.
Residential Securities
Refers to Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities.
Residual
In securitizations, the residual is the tranche that collects any cash flow from the collateral that remains after obligations to the other tranches have been met.
Return on Average Equity
Calculated by taking earnings divided by average stockholders’ equity.
Reverse Repurchase Agreement
Refer to Repurchase Agreement. The buyer of securities effectively provides a collateralized loan to the seller.
Risk Appetite Statement
Defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy.

S

Secondary Market
Ongoing market for bonds previously offered or sold in the primary market.
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)
Broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities and was chosen by the Alternative Reference Rate Committee as the preferred benchmark rate to replace dollar LIBOR in coming years.
Settlement Date
The date securities must be delivered and paid for to complete a transaction.
Short-Term Debt
Generally, debt which matures in one year or less. However, certain securities that mature in up to three years may be considered short-term debt.
Spread
When buying or selling a bond through a brokerage firm, investors will be charged a commission or spread, which is the difference between the market price and cost of purchase, and sometimes a service fee. Spreads differ based on several factors including liquidity.

T

Target Assets
Includes Agency mortgage-backed securities, to-be-announced forward contracts, CRT securities, MSRs, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments, and corporate debt.
Taxable REIT Subsidiary (“TRS”)
An entity that is owned directly or indirectly by a REIT and has jointly elected with the REIT to be treated as a TRS for tax purposes. Annaly and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs.
To-Be-Announced Securities (“TBAs”)
A contract for the purchase or sale of a mortgage-backed security to be delivered at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date but does not include a specified pool number and number of pools.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
TBA Dollar Roll Income
TBA dollar roll income is defined as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. TBA dollar roll income represents the equivalent of interest income on the underlying security less an implied cost of financing.
Total Return
Investment performance measure over a stated time period which includes coupon interest, interest on interest, and any realized and unrealized gains or losses.
Total Return Swap
A derivative instrument where one party makes payments at a predetermined rate (either fixed or variable) while receiving a return on a specific asset (generally an equity index, loan or bond) held by the counterparty.

U

Unencumbered Assets
Assets on our balance sheet which have not been pledged as collateral against an existing liability.
U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprise (“GSE”) Obligations
Obligations of Agencies originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

V

Value-at-Risk (“VaR”)
A statistical technique which measures the potential loss in value of an asset or portfolio over a defined period for a given confidence interval.
Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”)
An entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.
Variation Margin
Cash or securities provided by a party to collateralize its obligations under a transaction as a result of a change in value of such transaction since the trade was executed or the last time collateral was provided.
Volatility
A statistical measure of the variance of price or yield over time. Volatility is low if the price does not change very much over a short period of time, and high if there is a greater change.
Voting Interest Entity (“VOE”)
An entity that has sufficient equity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest.

W

Warehouse Lending
A line of credit extended to a loan originator to fund mortgages extended by the loan originators to property purchasers. The loan typically lasts from the time the mortgage is originated to when the mortgage is sold into the secondary market, whether directly or through a securitization. Warehouse lending can provide liquidity to the loan origination market.
Weighted Average Coupon
The weighted average interest rate of the underlying mortgage loans or pools that serve as collateral for a security, weighted by the size of the principal loan balances.
Weighted Average Life (“WAL”)
The assumed weighted average amount of time that will elapse from the date of a security’s issuance until each dollar of principal is repaid to the investor. The WAL will change as the security ages and depending on the actual realized rate at which principal, scheduled and unscheduled, is paid on the loans underlying the MBS.

Y

Yield-to-Maturity
The expected rate of return of a bond if it is held to its maturity date; calculated by taking into account the current market price, stated redemption value, coupon payments and time to maturity and assuming all coupons are reinvested at the same rate; equivalent to the internal rate of return.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are contained within the section titled “Risk Management” of Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (the CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (the CFO), reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures, as designed, (1) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (2) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms.
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. At March 31, 2020, we were not party to any pending material legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Other than the following risk factors relating to the coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in our Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this quarterly report or our most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
The global COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and will likely continue to adversely affect, the U.S. economy, the mortgage REIT industry and our business.
The COVID-19 pandemic is causing significant disruptions to the U.S. and global economies and has contributed to volatility and negative pressure in financial markets. COVID-19 and the related social distancing measures have had a broad negative impact on the U.S. and global economies as many businesses, particularly smaller ones within the service-sector, have been forced to close, furlough and/or lay off employees. As a result, U.S. unemployment claims have dramatically risen at unprecedented rates. Other economic activity, including retail sales and industrial production, have slowed as well. Current forecasts of economic activity suggest a meaningful economic contraction in the first half of 2020, with the potential for some economic recovery later in 2020. However, the pace, timing and strength of any recovery are still unknown and difficult to predict.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, particularly in March, COVID-19 began to adversely affect the mortgage REIT industry generally. In addition to negative general economic conditions, the impact of COVID-19 caused severe volatility across asset classes, including mortgage-related assets. In order to increase liquidity, fixed income investors were forced to sell U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS, leading to an excess supply of these assets in need of redistribution. Pressure in financing markets and the need to meet margin obligations (particularly in the mortgage REIT industry in connection with repurchase financing obligations) created additional selling pressure in U.S. Treasury and Agency MBS markets, and widening of credit spreads. Other markets, including the market for residential credit and commercial real estate securities, also experienced similar trends, albeit on a relatively lesser scale.
The conditions related to COVID-19 discussed above have also adversely affected our business and we expect these conditions to continue during 2020. The significant decrease in economic activity and/or resulting decline in the housing market could have an adverse effect on the value of our investments in mortgage real estate-related assets, particularly residential real estate assets. In addition, as interest rates continue to decline as a result of demand for U.S. Treasury securities and the activities of the Federal Reserve, prepayments on our assets are likely to increase due to refinancing activity, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Further, in light of COVID-19’s impact on the overall economy, such as rising unemployment levels or changes in consumer behavior related to loans as well as government policies and pronouncements, borrowers may experience difficulties meeting their obligations or seek to forbear payment on or refinance their mortgage loans to avail themselves of lower rates. Elevated levels of delinquency or default would have an adverse impact on the value of our mortgage real estate related-assets. In addition to residential mortgage-related assets, the adverse economic conditions could negatively impact tenants on our commercial property assets and/or businesses in which we lend to in connection with our middle market lending activities, resulting in potential delinquencies, defaults or declines in asset values. To the extent current conditions persist or worsen, we expect there to be a negative effect on our results of operations, which may reduce earnings and, in turn, cash available for distribution to our stockholders. The continued spread of COVID-19 could also negatively impact the availability of key personnel necessary to conduct our business.
We may also experience more difficulty in our financing operations. COVID-19 has caused mortgage REITs to experience severe disruptions in financing operations (including the cost, attractiveness and availability of financing), especially the ability to utilize repurchase financing and the margin requirements related to such financing. The less liquid markets that make up a significant portion of our credit portfolio, including residential securities and whole loans, commercial real estate securities and loans and
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
middle market lending, experienced significant disruption over this crisis period, marked by a sharp retraction in volumes and a lack of access to credit for borrowers. If conditions related to COVID-19 persist, we could experience an unwillingness or inability of our potential lenders to provide us with or renew financing, increased margin calls, and/or additional capital requirements. These conditions could force us to sell our assets at inopportune times or otherwise cause us to potentially revise our strategic business initiatives, which could adversely affect our business. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business and financial results, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, such as our risks related to our use of leverage, management of our liquidity, exposure to counterparties, our ability to pay dividends in the future and our ability to protect our information technology networks and infrastructure from unauthorized access, misuse, malware, phishing and other events that could have a security impact as a result of our remote working environment or otherwise.
We cannot predict the effect that government policies, laws and plans adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and global recessionary economic conditions will have on us.
The extent of the COVID 19-related disruptions and the duration of the pandemic are unknown at this time and may be severe. Governments have adopted, and we expect will continue to adopt, policies, laws and plans intended to address the COVID-19 pandemic and adverse developments in the credit, financial and mortgage markets. We cannot assure you that these programs will be effective or sufficient at addressing the adverse impacts of the pandemic or otherwise have a positive impact on our business.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On June 3, 2019 we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding common shares through December 31, 2020. No shares were repurchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2020, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under this plan was $1.3 billion.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibits:
The exhibits required by this item are set forth on the Exhibit Index attached hereto.

Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description
10.1 | Internalization Agreement, dated February 12, 2020, by and among the Registrant, Annaly Management Company LLL, AMCO Acquisition LLC, AMCO Holding Management Company LLC, the Persons named on Schedule 1 thereto, AMCO OpCo Holding Company LLC, AMCO LP Holding Company LP and AMCO Manager Holdings LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).
10.2 | Employment Agreement between David L. Finkelstein and the Registrant, dated as of March 13, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 16, 2020).*
10.3 | Employment Agreement between Timothy P. Coffey and the Registrant, dated as of February 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*
10.4 | Severance Rights Agreement between Timothy P. Coffey and the Registrant, dated as of February 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*
10.5 | Employment Agreement between Anthony C. Green and the Registrant, dated as of February 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*

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10.6 | Severance Rights Agreement between Anthony C. Green and the Registrant, dated as of February 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*
10.7 | Employment Agreement between Serena Wolfe and the Registrant, dated as of February 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*
10.8 | Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement between Glenn A. Votek and the Registrant, dated February 11, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2020).*
31.1 | Certification of David L. Finkelstein, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. †
31.2 | Certification of Serena Wolfe, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. †
32.1 | Certification of David L. Finkelstein, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. †
32.2 | Certification of Serena Wolfe, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. †
101.INS XBRL | The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. The following documents are formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 (Derived from the audited Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at December 31, 2019); (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
101.SCH XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Schema Document †
101.CAL XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document †
101.DEF XBRL | Additional Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document Created †
101.LAB XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document †
101.PRE XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document †
104 | The cover page for the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Exhibit Numbers 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7 and 10.8 are management contracts or compensatory plans required to be filed as Exhibits to this Form 10-Q.
† Submitted electronically herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of New York, State of New York.

|  |  | ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
Dated: | May 7, 2020 |  | By: /s/ David L. Finkelstein
|  |  | David L. Finkelstein
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: | May 7, 2020 |  | By: /s/ Serena Wolfe
|  |  | Serena Wolfe
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

II-1