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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Schedule of Options Outstanding

The following is a continuity schedule of all options outstanding [number of options in the table below are expressed in whole numbers]:

 

     Options outstanding  
     Number
of options
    Weighted
average
exercise
price
     Number
of options
exercisable
 

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

     11,142,450      Cdn$ 34.22         3,362,116   

Exercised [i]

     (2,737,253     33.28         (2,737,253

Cancelled

     (1,537,830     48.86         (1,426,164

Vested

     0        0         2,868,001   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2011

     6,867,367      Cdn$ 31.54         2,066,700   

Granted

     1,389,000        48.22         0   

Exercised [ii]

     (1,525,159     28.46         (1,525,159

Cancelled

     (107,966     53.14         (58,967

Vested

     0        0         2,745,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2012

     6,623,242      Cdn$ 35.39         3,227,574   

Granted

     1,060,000        57.02         0   

Exercised [iii]

     (2,805,969     31.99         (2,805,969

Cancelled

     (119,165     51.46         (31,667

Vested

     0        0         2,457,171   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2013

     4,758,108      Cdn$ 41.82         2,847,109   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2013 was $56 million [2012 - $6 million; 2011 - $19 million].

 

[i] During 2011, 1,283,334 options were exercised on a cashless basis in accordance with applicable stock option plans. On exercise, cash payments totalling $30 million were made to the stock option holders.
[ii] During 2012, 1,100,001 options were exercised on a cashless basis in accordance with applicable stock option plans. On exercise, cash payments totalling $19 million were made to the stock option holders.
[iii] During 2013, 849,999 options were exercised on a cashless basis in accordance with the applicable stock option plans. On exercise, cash payments totalling $23 million were made to the stock option holders.
Summary of Characteristics of Options Outstanding

At December 31, 2013, the outstanding options consist of [number of options in the table below are expressed in whole numbers]:

 

     Options outstanding  
     Number
of options
     Remaining
contractual
life [years]
     Number
of options
exercisable
 

$15 to $20

     487,008         2.2         487,008   

$25 to $30

     1,398,853         3.2         1,398,853   

$35 to $40

     20,000         3.4         20,000   

$45 to $50

     1,156,324         4.3         275,325   

$50 to $55

     665,923         4.0         665,923   

Over $55

     1,030,000         6.2         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     4,758,108            2,847,109   
  

 

 

       

 

 

 

Weighted average exercise price

   Cdn$ 41.82          Cdn$ 34.33   
  

 

 

       

 

 

 

Weighted average life remaining [years]

     4.31            3.38   
  

 

 

       

 

 

 

Aggregate intrinsic value at December 31, 2013

   $ 198          $ 139   
  

 

 

       

 

 

Fair Value of Stock Options Granted and Compensation Expenses

The weighted average assumptions used in measuring the fair value of stock options granted are as follows:

 

     2013     2012     2011  

Risk-free interest rate

     1.32     2.23     0   

Expected dividend yield

     2.00     2.00     0   

Expected volatility

     34     43     0   

Expected time until exercise

     4.5 years        4.5 years        0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average fair value of options granted in year [Cdn$]

   $ 14.02      $ 15.37      $ 0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Schedule of Reduction in Stated Value of Company's Common Shares

The following is a continuity of the stock that has not been released to the executives and is reflected as a reduction in the stated value of the Company’s Common Shares [number of Common Shares in the table below are expressed in whole numbers]:

 

     Number
of shares
    Stated
value
 

Awarded and not released, December 31, 2010

     1,182,736      $ 40   

Release of restricted stock

     (156,432     (5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Awarded and not released, December 31, 2011

     1,026,304        35   

Release of restricted stock

     (143,316     (5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Awarded and not released, December 31, 2012

     882,988        30   

Release of restricted stock

     (152,512     (5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Awarded and not released, December 31, 2013

     730,476      $ 25   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Programs Outstanding

The following is a continuity schedule of restricted stock unit programs outstanding [number of stock units in the table below are expressed in whole numbers]:

 

     Equity
classified
RSUs
    Liability
classified
RSUs
    Liability
classified
DSUs
    Total  

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

     181,732        34,242        186,348        402,322   

Granted

     208,458        4,150        22,669        235,277   

Dividend equivalents

     2,022        946        4,696        7,664   

Redeemed

     (24,486     (9,532     (15,267     (49,285
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2011

     367,726        29,806        198,446        595,978   

Granted

     320,131        15,364        37,456        372,951   

Dividend equivalents

     1,895        1,133        5,145        8,173   

Redeemed

     (84,322     (26,204     (34,124     (144,650
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2012

     605,430        20,099        206,923        832,452   

Granted

     224,841        13,825        30,716        269,382   

Dividend equivalents

     1,262        624        2,815        4,701   

Redeemed

     (199,679     (4,429     (113,007     (317,115
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2013

     631,854        30,119        127,447        789,420   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recorded in Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Stock-based compensation expense recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses related to the above programs is as follows:

 

     2013      2012      2011  

Incentive Stock Option Plan

   $ 15       $ 19       $ 21   

Long-term retention

     4         5         7   

Restricted stock unit

     16         14         6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     35         38         34   

Fair value adjustment for liability classified DSUs

     5         4         (3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Incentive Stock Option Plan

   $ 40       $ 42       $ 31