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Real Estate Transactions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Real Estate [Abstract] |
Real Estate Transactions | Real Estate Transactions 2019 Real Estate Investments Cambridge Acquisition During the first quarter of 2019, the Company acquired a life science facility for $71 million and development rights at an adjacent undeveloped land parcel for consideration of up to $27 million. The existing facility and land parcel are located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Discovery Portfolio Acquisition In April 2019, the Company acquired a portfolio of nine senior housing properties for $445 million. The properties are located across Florida, Georgia, and Texas and are operated by Discovery Senior Living, LLC. Oakmont Portfolio Acquisitions In May 2019, the Company acquired three senior housing communities in California for $113 million and in July 2019, the Company acquired an additional five senior housing communities for $284 million. Both portfolios were acquired from and continue to be operated by Oakmont Senior Living LLC (“Oakmont”). Each portfolio was contributed to a DownREIT joint venture in which the sellers received non-controlling interests in lieu of cash for a portion of the sales price. The Company consolidates each DownREIT joint venture. As part of the May and July 2019 Oakmont transactions, the Company assumed $50 million and $112 million, respectively, of secured mortgage debt, both of which were recorded at their relative fair values through asset acquisition accounting. Sierra Point Towers Acquisition In June 2019, the Company acquired two life science buildings in South San Francisco, California adjacent to the Company’s The Shore at Sierra Point development, for $245 million. Vintage Park JV Interest Purchase In June 2019, the Company acquired the outstanding equity interests of a senior housing joint venture structure (which owned one senior housing facility), in which the Company previously held an unconsolidated equity investment, for $24 million. Subsequent to acquisition, the Company owned 100% of the equity. Upon consolidating the facility at acquisition, the Company derecognized the existing investment in the joint venture structure, marked the real estate to fair value (using a relative fair value allocation), and recognized a gain on consolidation of $12 million, net of a tax impact of $1 million. The gain on consolidation is recognized within other income (expense), net and the tax impact is recognized within income tax benefit (expense). Hartwell Innovation Campus Acquisition In July 2019, the Company acquired a life science campus in the suburban Boston submarket of Lexington, Massachusetts, for $228 million. The campus is comprised of four buildings. West Cambridge Acquisition In December 2019, the Company acquired one life science building, adjacent to the Company’s existing properties in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for $333 million. Sovereign Wealth Fund Senior Housing Joint Venture In December 2019, the Company formed a new joint venture (the "SWF SH JV") with a sovereign wealth fund that owns 19 SHOP assets operated by Brookdale. The Company owns 53.5% of the SWF SH JV and contributed all 19 assets with a fair value of $790 million. The SWF SH JV partner owns the other 46.5% and purchased its interest for $367 million. Upon formation of the SWF SH JV, the Company recognized its retained equity method investment at fair value, deconsolidated the 19 assets, and recognized a gain on deconsolidation of $161 million recorded in other income (expense), net. Other Real Estate Acquisitions During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company acquired one medical office building (“MOB”) in Kansas for $15 million, one MOB in Texas for $9 million, and one life science building in the Sorrento Mesa submarket of San Diego, California for $16 million. The Post Acquisition In January 2020, the Company entered into definitive agreements to acquire a life science campus in Waltham, Massachusetts, for $320 million. The Company made a $20 million nonrefundable deposit upon completing due diligence and expects to close the transaction in the second quarter of 2020. 2018 Real Estate Investments MSREI MOB JV In August 2018, the Company and Morgan Stanley Real Estate Investment (“MSREI”) formed a joint venture (the “MSREI JV”) to own a portfolio of MOBs for which the Company is a 51% owner and consolidates. To form the joint venture, MSREI contributed cash of $298 million and the Company contributed nine wholly-owned MOBs (the “Contributed Assets”). The Contributed Assets are primarily located in Texas and Florida and were valued at approximately $320 million at the time of contribution. The MSREI JV used substantially all of the cash contributed by MSREI to acquire an additional portfolio of 16 MOBs in Greenville, South Carolina (the “Greenville Portfolio”) for $285 million. Concurrent with acquiring the additional MOBs, the MSREI JV entered into 10-year leases with the anchor tenants in the Greenville Portfolio. The Contributed Assets are accounted for at historical depreciated cost by the Company, as the assets continue to be consolidated. The Greenville Portfolio was accounted for as an asset acquisition, which required the Company to record the individual components of the acquisition at their relative fair values. As a result, the Company recorded net real estate of $276 million and net intangible assets of $20 million during the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the Greenville Portfolio. Additionally, the Company recognized a noncontrolling interest of $298 million related to the interest owned by MSREI. Refer to Note 18 for a discussion of the Company’s consolidation of the MSREI JV. Life Science JV Interest Purchase In November 2018, the Company acquired the outstanding equity interests in three life science joint ventures (which owned four buildings) for $92 million, bringing the Company’s equity ownership to 100% for all three joint ventures. As the Company began consolidating the assets upon acquisition, it derecognized the existing investment in the joint ventures, marked the real estate to fair value (using a relative fair value allocation), and recognized a gain on consolidation of $50 million within other income (expense), net. Other Real Estate Acquisitions During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company acquired development rights on a land parcel in the Boston suburb of Lexington, Massachusetts for $21 million. The Company commenced a life science development on the land in 2018. Construction, Tenant, and Other Capital Improvements The following table summarizes the Company’s expenditures for construction, tenant and other capital improvements (in thousands):
|  | Year Ended December 31,
Segment |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Senior housing triple-net |  | $ | 6,662 |  |  | $ | 11,311 |  |  | $ | 32,343 |
SHOP |  | 90,874 |  |  | 53,389 |  |  | 49,473 |
Life science |  | 499,956 |  |  | 396,431 |  |  | 240,901 |
Medical office |  | 146,016 |  |  | 144,694 |  |  | 148,926 |
Other |  | 450 |  |  | 1,361 |  |  | 135 |
|  | $ | 743,958 |  |  | $ | 607,186 |  |  | $ | 471,778 |
As part of the development program with HCA Healthcare, Inc., during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company commenced development on seven MOBs, six of which will be on-campus. Held for Sale At December 31, 2019, 27 senior housing triple-net facilities (inclusive of 18 facilities being sold to Brookdale under the 2019 MTCA - see Note 3), 28 SHOP facilities, and 2 MOBs were classified as held for sale, with an aggregate carrying value of $504 million, primarily comprised of real estate assets of $476 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $243 million. Liabilities of assets held for sale were primarily comprised of mortgage debt of $32 million and other liabilities of $4 million at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2018, one undeveloped life science land parcel and nine SHOP facilities were classified as held for sale, with an aggregate carrying value of $108 million, primarily comprised of real estate assets of $101 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $30 million. Liabilities of assets held for sale were primarily comprised of intangible liabilities and other liabilities at December 31, 2018. 2019 Dispositions of Real Estate During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the Company sold nine SHOP assets for $68 million, two senior housing triple-net assets for $26 million, and one undeveloped life science land parcel for $35 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $8 million. During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the Company sold one SHOP asset for $14 million, five MOBs for $15 million, and one life science asset for $7 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $11 million. During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the Company sold one MOB for $3 million and one SHOP asset for $7 million, resulting in no material gain or loss on sales. During the quarter ended December 31, 2019, the Company sold seven SHOP assets for $92 million, four MOBs for $5 million, and two facilities from the other non-reportable segment for $20 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $11 million. In January 2020, the Company sold six SHOP assets for $36 million. 2018 Dispositions of Real Estate Shoreline Technology Center In November 2018, the Company sold its Shoreline Technology Center life science campus located in Mountain View, California for $1.0 billion and recognized a gain on sale of $726 million. Brookdale MTCA Dispositions As discussed in Note 3, during the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company sold 19 assets (11 senior housing triple-net assets and 8 SHOP assets) to a third-party for $377 million and recognized a gain on sale of $40 million. Refer to Note 3 for further detail on the Brookdale transactions. RIDEA II Sale Transaction In January 2017, the Company completed the contribution of its ownership interest in RIDEA II to an unconsolidated joint venture owned by Healthpeak and an investor group led by Columbia Pacific Advisors, LLC (“CPA”) (the “Healthpeak/CPA JV”). Also in January 2017, RIDEA II was recapitalized with $602 million of debt, of which $360 million was provided by a third-party and $242 million was provided by the Company. In return for both transaction elements, the Company received combined proceeds of $480 million from the Healthpeak/CPA JV and $242 million in loans receivable and retained an approximately 40% ownership interest in RIDEA II. This transaction resulted in the Company deconsolidating the net assets of RIDEA II and recognizing a net gain on sale of $99 million. Refer to Note 2 for the impact of adopting the Revenue ASUs on January 1, 2018 to the Company’s partial sale of RIDEA II in the first quarter of 2017. In June 2018, the Company sold its remaining 40% ownership interest in RIDEA II to an investor group led by CPA for $91 million. Additionally, CPA refinanced the Company’s $242 million of loans receivable from RIDEA II, resulting in total proceeds of $332 million. The Company no longer holds an economic interest in RIDEA II. U.K. Portfolio In June 2018, the Company entered into a joint venture with an institutional investor (the “U.K. JV”) through which the Company sold a 51% interest in substantially all United Kingdom (“U.K.”) assets previously owned by the Company (the “U.K. Portfolio”) based on a total value of £382 million ($507 million). The Company retained a 49% noncontrolling interest in the U.K. JV and received gross proceeds of $402 million, including proceeds from the refinancing of the Company’s previously held intercompany loans. Upon closing the U.K. JV, the Company deconsolidated the U.K. Portfolio, recognized its retained noncontrolling interest investment at fair value ($105 million) and recognized a gain on sale of $11 million, net of $17 million of cumulative foreign currency translation reclassified from other comprehensive income recorded in gain (loss) on sales of real estate, net (see Note 21 for the reclassification impact of the Company’s hedge of its net investment in the U.K.). The U.K. JV provides numerous mechanisms by which the joint venture partner can acquire the Company’s remaining interest in the U.K. JV. The fair value of the Company’s retained noncontrolling interest investment was based on Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Additionally, in August 2018, the Company sold its remaining £11 million U.K. development loan at par. In December 2019, the Company sold its remaining 49% interest in the U.K. JV (see Note 8). 2018 Other Dispositions During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company sold two SHOP assets for $35 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $21 million (includes asset sales to Brookdale as discussed in Note 3 above). During the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Company sold eight SHOP assets for $268 million and two senior housing triple-net assets for $35 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $25 million (includes asset sales to Brookdale as discussed in Note 3 above). During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, the Company sold 4 life science assets for $269 million, 11 SHOP assets for $76 million and 2 MOBs for $21 million, resulting in total gain on sales of $95 million. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold two SHOP facilities for $15 million, two MOBs for $4 million, and one undeveloped land parcel for $3 million, resulting in no material gain or loss on sales. 2017 Dispositions In January 2017, the Company sold four life science facilities in Salt Lake City, Utah for $76 million, resulting in a net gain on sale of $45 million. In March 2017, the Company sold 64 senior housing triple-net assets, previously under triple-net leases with Brookdale, for $1.125 billion to affiliates of Blackstone Real Estate Partners VIII, L.P., resulting in a net gain on sale of $170 million. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company sold the following: (i) a life science land parcel for $27 million, (ii) one life science building for $5 million, (iii) four senior housing triple-net facilities for $27 million, (iv) five SHOP facilities for $43 million, and (v) four MOBs for $15 million, and recorded a net gain on sale of $41 million.

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