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Commitments | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
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Commitments |
23) | COMMITMENTS
23.1) | GUARANTEES
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, CEMEX, S.A.B. de C.V., had guaranteed loans of certain subsidiaries for US$1,506 (Ps29,601) and US$2,887 (Ps59,819), respectively.
23.2) | PLEDGED ASSETS
CEMEX transferred to a guarantee trust the shares of its main subsidiaries, including, among others, CEMEX México, S.A. de C.V., New Sunward Holding B.V. and CEMEX España, S.A., and entered into pledge agreements in order to secure payment obligations under the 2017 Credit Agreement (formerly under the 2014 Credit Agreement and the Facilities Agreement) and other debt instruments entered into prior to the date of these agreements (note 16.1). As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, there are no liabilities secured by property, machinery and equipment.
23.3) | OTHER COMMITMENTS
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, CEMEX was party of other commitments for several purposes, including the purchase of fuel and energy, which estimated future cash flows over their maturity are presented in note 23.5. A description of the most significant contracts is as follows:
• |  | In connection with the beginning of full commercial operations of the Ventika S.A.P.I. de C.V. and the Ventika II S.A.P.I. de C.V. wind farms (jointly “Ventikas”) located in the Mexican state of Nuevo Leon with a combined generation capacity of 252 Megawatts (“MW”), CEMEX agreed to acquire a portion of the energy generated by Ventikas for its overall electricity needs in Mexico for a period of 20 years, which began in April 2016. As of December 31, 2017, the estimated annual cost of this agreement is US$27 (unaudited) assuming that CEMEX receives all its energy allocation. Nonetheless, energy supply from wind source is variable in nature and final amounts will be determined considering the final MW effectively received at the agreed prices per unit.
• |  | On July 30, 2012, CEMEX signed a 10-year strategic agreement with International Business Machines Corporation (“IBM”) pursuant to which IBM provides, among others, data processing services (back office) in finance, accounting and human resources; as well as Information Technology (“IT”) infrastructure services, support and maintenance of IT applications in the countries in which CEMEX operates.
• |  | Beginning in February 2010, for its overall electricity needs in Mexico CEMEX agreed with EURUS the purchase a portion of the electric energy generated for a period of no less than 20 years. EURUS is a wind farm with an installed capacity of 250 MW operated by ACCIONA in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. As of December 31, 2017, the estimated annual cost of this agreement is US$71 (unaudited) assuming that CEMEX receives all its energy allocation. Nonetheless, energy supply from wind source is variable in nature and final amounts will be determined considering the final MWh effectively received at the agreed prices per unit.
• |  | CEMEX maintains a commitment initiated in April 2004 to purchase the energy generated by Termoeléctrica del Golfo (“TEG”) until 2027 for its overall electricity needs in Mexico. As of December 31, 2017, the estimated annual cost of this agreement is US$110 (unaudited) assuming that CEMEX receives all its energy allocation. Nonetheless, final amounts will be determined considering the final MWg effectively received at the agreed prices per unit.
• |  | In regards with the above, CEMEX also committed to supply TEG and another third-party electrical energy generating plant adjacent to TEG all fuel necessary for their operations until the year 2027, equivalent to approximately 1.2 million tons of petroleum coke per year. CEMEX covers its commitments under this agreement acquiring the aforementioned volume of fuel from sources in the international markets and Mexico.
• |  | CEMEX OstZement GmbH (“COZ”), CEMEX’s subsidiary in Germany, held a long-term energy supply contract until 2023 with STEAG—Industriekraftwerk Rüdersdorf GmbH (“SIKW”) in connection with the overall electricity needs of CEMEX’s Rüdersdorf plant. Based on the contract, each year COZ has the option to fix in advance the volume of energy in terms of MW that it will acquire from VEN SIKW, with the option to adjust the purchase amount one time on a monthly and quarterly basis. The estimated annual cost of this agreement is approximately US$12 (unaudited) assuming that CEMEX receives all its energy allocation.
23.4) | COMMITMENTS FROM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
In some countries, CEMEX has self-insured health care benefits plans for its active employees, which are managed on cost plus fee arrangements with major insurance companies or provided through health maintenance organizations. As of December 31, 2017, in certain plans, CEMEX has established stop-loss limits for continued medical assistance derived from a specific cause (e.g., an automobile accident, illness, etc.) ranging from 23 thousand dollars to 400 thousand dollars. In other plans, CEMEX has established stop-loss limits per employee regardless of the number of events ranging from 100 thousand dollars to 2.5 million dollars. The contingency for CEMEX if all employees qualifying for health care benefits required medical services simultaneously is significantly. However, this scenario is remote. The amount expensed through self-insured health care benefits was US$64 (Ps1,258) in 2017, US$69 (Ps1,430) in 2016 and US$69 (Ps1,189) in 2015.
23.5) | CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, CEMEX had the following contractual obligations:
(U.S. dollars millions) |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Obligations |  | Less than 1 year |  |  | 1-3 years |  |  | 3-5 years |  |  | More than 5 years |  |  | Total |  |  | Total |
Long-term debt |  | US$ | 798 |  |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 2,411 |  |  |  | 6,164 |  |  |  | 9,892 |  |  |  | 11,379 |
Finance lease obligations1 |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | 87 |  |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 175 |  |  |  | 107 |
Convertible notes2 |  |  | 379 |  |  |  | 527 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 906 |  |  |  | 1,205 |
Total debt and other financial obligations3 |  |  | 1,213 |  |  |  | 1,133 |  |  |  | 2,463 |  |  |  | 6,164 |  |  |  | 10,973 |  |  |  | 12,691 |
Operating leases4 |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | 494 |  |  |  | 515 |
Interest payments on debt5 |  |  | 448 |  |  |  | 968 |  |  |  | 809 |  |  |  | 848 |  |  |  | 3,073 |  |  |  | 3,996 |
Pension plans and other benefits6 |  |  | 156 |  |  |  | 307 |  |  |  | 316 |  |  |  | 808 |  |  |  | 1,587 |  |  |  | 1,414 |
Purchases of raw materials, fuel and energy7 |  |  | 649 |  |  |  | 810 |  |  |  | 866 |  |  |  | 2,001 |  |  |  | 4,326 |  |  |  | 4,440 |
Total contractual obligations |  | US$ | 2,575 |  |  |  | 3,399 |  |  |  | 4,590 |  |  |  | 9,889 |  |  |  | 20,453 |  |  |  | 23,056 |
|  | Ps | 50,599 |  |  |  | 66,790 |  |  |  | 90,193 |  |  |  | 194,319 |  |  |  | 401,901 |  |  |  | 477,720 |
1 | Represent nominal cash flows. As of December 31, 2017, the NPV of future payments under such leases was US$158 (Ps3,105), of which, US$79 (Ps1,552) refers to payments from 1 to 3 years and US$48 (Ps943) refer to payments from 3 to 5 years.
2 | Refers to the components of liability of the convertible notes described in note 16.2 and assumes repayment at maturity and no conversion of the notes.
3 | The schedule of debt payments, which includes current maturities, does not consider the effect of any refinancing of debt that may occur during the following years. In the past, CEMEX has replaced its long-term obligations for others of a similar nature.
4 | The amounts represent nominal cash flows. CEMEX has operating leases, primarily for operating facilities, cement storage and distribution facilities and certain transportation and other equipment, under which annual rental payments are required plus the payment of certain operating expenses. Rental expense was US$115 (Ps2,252) in 2017, US$121 (Ps2,507) in 2016 and US$114 (Ps1,967) in 2015.
5 | Estimated cash flows on floating rate denominated debt were determined using the floating interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.
6 | Represents estimated annual payments under these benefits for the next 10 years (note 18), including the estimate of new retirees during such future years.
7 | Future payments for the purchase of raw materials are presented on the basis of contractual nominal cash flows. Future nominal payments for energy were estimated for all contractual commitments on the basis of an aggregate average expected consumption per year using the future prices of energy established in the contracts for each period. Future payments also include CEMEX’s commitments for the purchase of fuel.

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