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Business Combinations, Discontinued Operations, Sale of Other Disposal Groups and Selected Financial Information by Geographic Operating Segment
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Text block1 [abstract]  
Business Combinations, Discontinued Operations, Sale of Other Disposal Groups and Selected Financial Information by Geographic Operating Segment
4) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS, DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, SALE OF OTHER DISPOSAL GROUPS AND SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY GEOGRAPHIC OPERATING SEGMENT

 

4.1) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On December 5, 2016, through its subsidiary Sierra Trading (“Sierra”), CEMEX presented an offer and take-over bid, which was amended on January 9, 2017 (the “Offer”), to all shareholders of Trinidad Cement Limited (“TCL”), a company publicly listed in Trinidad and Tobago, that was then also listed in Jamaica and Barbados, in which CEMEX already held a 39.5% interest prior to the Offer, to acquire up to 132,616,942 ordinary shares in TCL (equivalent to approximately 30.2% of TCL’s common stock). TCL’s main operations are located in Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and Barbados. Pursuant to the Offer, Sierra offered TT$5.07 in cash per TCL share, or its equivalent in US$0.76 except to Shareholders in Barbados (the “Offer Price”). On January 24, 2017, after all terms and conditions were complied with or waived, the Offer was declared unconditional.

In addition, the Offer closed in Jamaica on February 7, 2017. TCL shares deposited in response to the Offer together with Sierra’s existing 39.5% shareholding in TCL represented approximately 69.8% of the outstanding shares of TCL. The total consideration paid by Sierra for the TCL shares under the Offer was US$86 (Ps1,791). CEMEX started consolidating TCL on February 1, 2017. During 2017, TCL was delisted from the Jamaica and Barbados stock exchanges. CEMEX determined a fair value of TCL’s assets as of February 1, 2017 of US$525 (Ps10,936), which considers a price of TT$5.07 per share for the percentage acquired in the Amended Offer and TT$4.15 per share, or the market price before the Offer, for the remaining shares, and US$113 (Ps2,354) of debt assumed, among other effects. The purchase of TCL represented a step acquisition. As a result, the remeasurement of CEMEX’s previous held ownership interest in TCL of 39.5% generated a gain of US$32 (Ps623) as part of “Financial income and other items, net.” All convenience translations to pesos above consider an exchange rate of 20.83 pesos per dollar as of February 1, 2017.

As of December 31, 2017, after significantly concluding the allocation of TCL’s fair value to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the statement of financial position of TCL at the acquisition date of February 1, 2017 was as follows:

 

           As of February 1, 2017  

Current assets

   US$       84  

Property, machinery and equipment

       331  

Intangible assets and other non-current assets (includes goodwill of US$100)

       110  
    

 

 

 

Total assets

       525  
    

 

 

 

Current liabilities (includes debt of US$47)

       122  

Non-current liabilities (includes debt of US$97 and deferred tax liabilities of US$19)

       154  
    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

       276  
    

 

 

 

Net assets

   US$       249  

Non-controlling interest net assets

       70  
    

 

 

 

Controlling interest net assets

   US$       179  
    

 

 

 

In connection with agreements entered into with Holcim Ltd (“Holcim” currently LafargeHolcim Ltd) on October 31, 2014, CEMEX and Holcim agreed a series of related transactions, executed on January 5, 2015, and with retrospective effects as of January 1, 2015, by means of which: a) in the Czech Republic, CEMEX acquired all of Holcim’s assets, including a cement plant, four aggregates quarries and 17 ready-mix plants for €115 (US$139 or Ps2,049); b) in Germany, CEMEX sold to Holcim its assets in the western region of the country for €171 (US$207 or Ps3,047); c) in Spain, CEMEX acquired from Holcim one cement plant in the southern part of the country with a production capacity of 850 thousand tons, and one cement mill in the central part of the country with grinding capacity of 900 thousand tons, among other related assets for €88 (US$106 or Ps1,562); and d) CEMEX agreed a final payment in cash to Holcim of €33 (US$40 or Ps594). As of January 1, 2015, after concluding the purchase price allocation to the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, no goodwill was determined in respect of the Czech Republic, while in Spain, the fair value of the net assets acquired for €106 (US$129 or Ps1,894) exceeded the purchase price in €19 (US$22 or Ps328). After the reassessment of fair values, this gain was recognized during 2015 in the income statement.

The purchase price allocation of these acquisitions as of January 1, 2015 was as follows:

 

           Czech Republic      Spain      Total  

Current assets

     Ps       231        59        290  

Property, machinery and equipment

       1,419        2,004        3,423  

Other non-current assets

       270        —          270  

Intangible assets

       590        2        592  
    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Fair value of assets acquired

       2,510        2,065        4,575  
    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current liabilities

       117        57        174  

Non-current liabilities

       344        114        458  
    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Fair value of liabilities assumed

       461        171        632  
    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Fair value of net assets acquired

     Ps       2,049        1,894        3,943  
    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

4.2) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

As mentioned in note 2.1, considering the resolution by the European Commission that ultimately did not allow Duna-Dráva Cement to purchase the CEMEX’s Croatian Operations and the decision of CEMEX to maintain such operations, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Croatian Operations are consolidated line-by-line in the statements of financial position and income statements. The financial statements and footnotes issued in prior periods, in which CEMEX reported the Croatian Operations as “Discontinued Operations” and “Assets held for sale,” have been re-presented in order to reverse such presentation.

As of December 31, 2016, the condensed information of the statement of financial position of the Croatian Operations was as follows:

 

            2016  

Current assets

     Ps        573  

Property, machinery and equipment, net

        3,023  

Intangible assets, net and other non-current assets

        568  
     

 

 

 

Total assets

        4,164  
     

 

 

 

Current liabilities

        539  

Non-current liabilities

        112  
     

 

 

 

Total liabilities

        651  
     

 

 

 

Net assets

     Ps        3,513  
     

 

 

 

 

For the years 2016 and 2015, the condensed information of the income statement of the Croatian Operations was as follows:

 

            2016     2015  

Sales

     Ps        1,853       1,892  

Cost of sales and operating expenses

        (1,629     (1,665

Other products (expenses), net

        (31     13  

Financial expenses, net and others

        (24     (35
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings before income tax

        169       205  

Income tax

        (29     (43
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     Ps        140       162  
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

On April 17, 2017, one of CEMEX’s subsidiaries in the United States signed a definitive agreement for the sale of its Pacific Northwest Materials Business consisting of aggregate, asphalt and ready-mix concrete operations in Oregon and Washington to Cadman Materials, Inc., a subsidiary of HeidelbergCement Group, for US$150. On June 30, 2017, CEMEX announced that after approval from regulators, it has completed the sale of these assets. CEMEX realized a net gain on disposal of these assets of US$22 (Ps399), which included a proportional allocation of goodwill of US$73 (Ps64). Considering the disposal of its Pacific Northwest Materials Business, the operations of that business for the six-month period ending June 30, 2017, and for the full years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, included in CEMEX’s income statements were reclassified to the single line item “Discontinued Operations.”

On November 28, 2016, one of CEMEX’s subsidiaries in the United States signed a definitive agreement to divest its Concrete Reinforced Pipe Manufacturing Business (“Concrete Pipe Business”) in the United States to Quikrete Holdings, Inc. (“Quikrete”) for US$500 plus an additional US$40 contingent consideration based on future performance. On January 31, 2017, CEMEX closed the sale to Quikrete according to the agreed upon price conditions, determined a net gain on disposal of these assets for US$148 (Ps3,083), including US$260 (Ps5,369) of goodwill associated to the reporting segment in the United States that was proportionally allocated to these net assets based on their relative fair values. Considering the disposal of the entire Concrete Pipe Business, its operations for the one-month period ending January 31, 2017 and full years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, included in CEMEX’s income statements were reclassified to the single line item “Discontinued Operations.”

On May 26, 2016, CEMEX closed the sale of its operations in Bangladesh and Thailand to Siam City Cement Public Company Ltd. for US$70 (Ps1,450). The operations in Bangladesh and Thailand for the period from January 1 to May 26, 2016 and the year 2015, included in CEMEX’s income statements were reclassified to the single line item “Discontinued operations” and include in 2016, a gain on sale of US$24 (Ps424), net of the reclassification of foreign currency translation gains associated with these operations accrued in equity until disposal for US$7 (Ps122).

With effective date October 31, 2015, after all agreed upon conditions precedent were satisfied, CEMEX completed the process for the sale of its operations in Austria and Hungary that started on August 12, 2015 to the Rohrdorfer Group for €165 (US$179 or Ps3,090), after final adjustments negotiated for changes in cash and working capital balances as of the transfer date. The combined operations in Austria and Hungary consisted of 29 aggregate quarries and 68 ready-mix plants. The operations in Austria and Hungary for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2015 and the year ended December 31, 2014, included in CEMEX’s statements of operations, were reclassified to the single line item “Discontinued operations,” which includes, in 2015, a gain on sale of US$45 (Ps741), net of the reclassification of foreign currency translation gains accrued in equity until October 31, 2015 for an amount of US$10 (Ps215).

The following table presents condensed combined information of the statement of operations of CEMEX’s discontinued operations in the Pacific Northwest Materials Business in the United States for the six-months period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years 2016 and 2015; the Concrete Pipe Business operations in the United States for the one-month period ended January 31, 2017 and for the years 2016 and 2015, the operations in Bangladesh and Thailand for the period from January 1 to May 26, 2016 and for the year 2015, and the operations in Austria and Hungary for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2015:

 

            2017     2016     2015  

Sales

     Ps        1,549       8,979       11,888  

Cost of sales and operating expenses

        (1,531     (8,440     (11,665

Other products (expenses), net

        14       (2     23  

Financial expenses, net and others

        (3     (57     49  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings before income tax

        29       480       295  

Income tax

        —         (101     6  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

        29       379       301  

Net income of non-controlling interest

        —         —         (15
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income of controlling interest

     Ps        29       379       286  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Selected condensed combined financial information of the statement of financial position at this date of such operations was as follows:

 

            2016  

Current assets

     Ps        1,146  

Property, machinery and equipment, net

        4,188  

Intangible assets, net and other non-current assets

        6,835  
     

 

 

 

Total assets

        12,169  
     

 

 

 

Current liabilities

        (99

Non-current liabilities

        (336
     

 

 

 

Total liabilities

        (435
     

 

 

 

Net assets

     Ps        11,734  
     

 

 

 

 

4.3) OTHER DISPOSAL GROUPS

On November 18, 2016, a subsidiary of CEMEX in the United States closed the sale to an affiliate of Grupo Cementos de Chihuahua, S.A.B. de C.V. (“GCC”) of certain assets consisting in CEMEX’s cement plant in Odessa, Texas, two cement terminals and the building materials business in El Paso, Texas and Las Cruces, New Mexico, for an amount of US$306 (Ps6,340). The Odessa plant had an annual production capacity of approximately 537 thousand tons (unaudited). The transfer of control was effective on November 18, 2016. As a result of the sale of these assets, CEMEX recognized in 2016 a gain of US$104 (Ps2,159) as part of “Other expenses, net” in the income statement, net of an expense for the proportional write-off of goodwill associated to CEMEX’s reporting segment in the United States based on their relative fair values for US$161 (Ps3,340) and the reclassification of proportional foreign currency translation gains associated with these net assets accrued in equity until disposal for US$65 (Ps1,347).

On September 12, 2016, CEMEX announced that one of its subsidiaries in the United States signed a definitive agreement for the sale of its Fairborn, Ohio cement plant and cement terminal in Columbus, Ohio to Eagle Materials Inc. (“Eagle Materials”) for US$400 (Ps8,288). Fairborn plant had an annual production capacity of approximately 730 thousand tons (unaudited). On February 10, 2017, CEMEX announced that such subsidiary in the United States closed the divestment of these assets, and recognized in 2017 a gain on disposal for US$188 (Ps3,694) as part of “Other expenses, net“ in the income statement, net of an expense for the proportional write-off of goodwill associated to CEMEX’s reporting segment in the United States based on their relative fair values for US$211 (Ps4,365).

The operations of the net assets sold to GCC and Eagle Materials, mentioned above, did not represent discontinued operations and were consolidated by CEMEX line-by-line in the income statements for all the reported periods. In arriving to this conclusion, CEMEX evaluated: a) the Company’s ongoing cement operations on its CGUs in Texas and the East coast; and b) the relative size of the net assets sold and held for sale in respect to the Company’s remaining overall ongoing cement operations in the United States. Moreover, as a reasonability check, CEMEX measured the materiality of such net assets using a threshold of 5% of consolidated net sales, operating earnings before other expenses, net, net income and total assets. In no case the 5% threshold was reached.

For the years 2017, 2016 and 2015, selected combined statement of operations information of the net assets sold to GCC on November 18, 2016 and those to Eagle Materials was as follows:

 

            2017     2016     2015  

Net sales

     Ps        86       3,322       3,538  

Operating costs and expenses

        (71     (2,800     (2,795
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating earnings before other expenses, net

     Ps        15       522       743  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

On December 2, 2016, CEMEX agreed the sale of its assets and activities related to the ready-mix concrete pumping business in Mexico to Cementos Españoles de Bombeo, S. de R.L., subsidiary in Mexico of Pumping Team S.L.L. (“Pumping Team”), specialist in the supply of ready-mix concrete pumping services based in Spain, for Ps1,649, which includes the sale of fixed assets upon closing of the transaction for Ps309 plus administrative and client and market development services, as well as the lease facilities in Mexico that CEMEX will supply to Pumping Team over a period of ten years with the possibility to extend for three additional years, for an aggregate initial amount of Ps1,340, plus a contingent revenue subject to results for up to Ps557 linked to annual metrics beginning in the first year and up to the fifth year of the agreement. On April 28, 2017, after receiving the approval by the Mexican authorities, CEMEX concluded the sale.

In addition, as part of related transactions agreed with Holcim Ltd. (note 4.1), effective as of January 1, 2015, CEMEX sold to Holcim its assets in the western region of Germany, consisting of one cement plant, two cement grinding mills, one slag granulator, 22 aggregates quarries and 79 ready-mix plants for €171 (US$207 or Ps3,047), while CEMEX maintained its operations in the northern, eastern and southern regions of the country.

 

4.4) SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY GEOGRAPHIC OPERATING SEGMENT

Geographic operating segments represent the components of CEMEX that engage in business activities from which CEMEX may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the entity’s top management to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and assess their performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. CEMEX operates geographically on a regional basis. Effective January 1, 2016, according to an announcement made by CEMEX’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), the Company’s operations were reorganized into five geographical regions, each under the supervision of a regional president, as follows: 1) Mexico, 2) United States, 3) Europe, 4) South, Central America and the Caribbean, and 5) Asia, Middle East and Africa. Each regional president supervises and is responsible for all the business activities in the countries comprising the region. These activities refer to the production, distribution, marketing and sale of cement, ready-mix concrete, aggregates and other construction materials, the allocation of resources and the review of their performance and operating results. All regional presidents report directly to CEMEX’s CEO. The country manager, who is one level below the regional president in the organizational structure, reports the performance and operating results of its country to the regional president, including all the operating sectors. CEMEX’s top management internally evaluates the results and performance of each country and region for decision-making purposes and allocation of resources, following a vertical integration approach considering: a) that the operating components that comprise the reported segment have similar economic characteristics; b) that the reported segments are used by CEMEX to organize and evaluate its activities in its internal information system; c) the homogeneous nature of the items produced and traded in each operative component, which are all used by the construction industry; d) the vertical integration in the value chain of the products comprising each component; e) the type of clients, which are substantially similar in all components; f) the operative integration among components; and g) that the compensation system for employees of a specific country is based on the consolidated results of the geographic segment and not on the particular results of the components. Consequently, in CEMEX’s daily operations, management allocates economic resources and evaluates operating results on a country basis rather than on an operating component basis.

The financial information by geographic operating segment issued in the financial statements of prior years was restated in order to give effect to: a) the reversal from discontinued operations related to CEMEX’s Croatian Operations for the years 2016 and 2015 (note 4.1); and b) the new geographical operating organization described above for the year 2015. Until December 31, 2015, CEMEX’s operations were organized into six geographical regions: 1) Mexico, 2) United States, 3) Northern Europe, 4) Mediterranean, 5) South, Central America and the Caribbean, and 6) Asia. Under the current operating organization, the geographical operating segments under the former Mediterranean region were incorporated into the current Europe region or the Asia, Middle East and Africa region, as corresponded.

Considering the financial information that is regularly reviewed by CEMEX’s top management, each geographic region and the countries that comprise such regions represent reportable operating segments. However, for disclosure purposes in these notes, considering similar regional and economic characteristics and/or the fact that certain countries do not exceed certain materiality thresholds to be reported separately, such countries have been aggregated and presented as single line items as follows: a) “Rest of Europe” is mainly comprised of CEMEX’s operations in the Czech Republic, Poland, Croatia and Latvia, as well as trading activities in Scandinavia and Finland; b) “Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean” is mainly comprised of CEMEX’s operations in Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Jamaica and other countries in the Caribbean, excluding TCL, Guatemala, and small ready-mix concrete operations in Argentina; and c) “Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa” is mainly comprised of CEMEX’s operations in the United Arab Emirates, Israel and Malaysia. The segment “Others” refers to: 1) cement trade maritime operations, 2) Neoris N.V., CEMEX’s subsidiary involved in the development of information technology solutions, 3) the Parent Company and other corporate entities, and 4) other minor subsidiaries with different lines of business. For the year 2017, for purposes of the geographic operating segments presented in the following tables of this note, CEMEX’s operations acquired in the Caribbean, mainly in Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and Barbados as part of the purchase of TCL, are reported in the line item named “Caribbean TCL.”

Considering that is an indicator of CEMEX’s ability to internally fund capital expenditures, as well as a widely accepted financial indicator to measure CEMEX’s ability to service or incur debt (note 16), one relevant indicator used by CEMEX’s management to evaluate the performance of each country is “Operating EBITDA” (operating earnings before other expenses, net, plus depreciation and amortization). This is not an indicator of CEMEX’s financial performance, an alternative to cash flows, a measure of liquidity or comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. This indicator, which is presented in the selected financial information by geographic operating segment, is consistent with the information used by CEMEX’s management for decision-making purposes. The accounting policies applied to determine the financial information by geographic operating segment are consistent with those described in note 2.

Selected information of the consolidated statements of operations by geographic operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was as follows:

 

2017

        Net sales
(including
related
parties)
    Less:
Related
parties
    Net sales     Operating
EBITDA
    Less:
depreciation
and
amortization
    Operating
earnings
before other
expenses, net
    Other
expenses,
net
    Financial
expense
    Other
financing
items, net
 

Mexico

    Ps       58,442       (1,075     57,367       21,215       2,246       18,969       (687     (409     (534

United States

      65,536       —         65,536       10,652       6,200       4,452       3,202       (631     (177

Europe

                   

United Kingdom

      20,179       —         20,179       2,763       997       1,766       450       (77     (397

France

      16,162       —         16,162       855       549       306       (129     (61     18  

Germany

      10,056       (1,339     8,717       743       509       234       (11     (14     (63

Spain

      6,870       (990     5,880       344       638       (294     (711     (34     12  

Poland

      5,552       (74     5,478       647       361       286       (140     (30     (8

Rest of Europe

      9,439       (864     8,575       1,463       688       775       (131     (24     71  

South, Central America and the Caribbean (“SAC”)

                   

Colombia1

      10,685       —         10,685       2,166       507       1,659       (642     (129     (36

Panama1

      5,112       (98     5,014       2,007       319       1,688       (20     (5     7  

Costa Rica1

      2,805       (379     2,426       1,000       99       901       —         (5     29  

Caribbean TCL3

      4,332       (49     4,283       1,059       610       449       (139     (215     (25

Rest of SAC1

      11,716       (872     10,844       2,602       449       2,153       (1,069     (23     (12

Asia, Middle East and Africa (“AMEA”)

                   

Philippines2

      8,296       —         8,296       1,394       528       866       89       (3     (24

Egypt

      3,862       —         3,862       594       299       295       (210     (60     574  

Rest of AMEA

      13,516       —         13,516       1,855       363       1,492       (174     (28     12  

Others

      22,514       (11,203     11,311       (2,796     630       (3,426     (3,493     (17,553     4,169  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      275,074       (16,943     258,131       48,563       15,992       32,571       (3,815     (19,301     3,616  

Discontinued operations

      1,550       (1     1,549       75       57       18       14       (3     —    
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       276,624       (16,944     259,680       48,638       16,049       32,589       (3,801     (19,304     3,616  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

2016

        Net sales
(including
related
parties)
    Less:
Related
parties
    Net sales     Operating
EBITDA
    Less:
depreciation
and
amortization
    Operating
earnings
before other
expenses, net
    Other
expenses,
net
    Financial
expense
    Other
financing
items, net
 

Mexico

    Ps       53,579       (848     52,731       19,256       2,390       16,866       (608     (339     2,695  

United States

      66,554       —         66,554       10,973       6,400       4,573       2,919       (487     (212

Europe

                   

United Kingdom

      21,153       —         21,153       3,606       1,047       2,559       711       (63     (393

France

      14,535       —         14,535       669       484       185       (110     (53     2  

Germany

      9,572       (1,385     8,187       553       464       89       (64     (15     (85

Spain

      6,563       (841     5,722       814       663       151       (112     (37     (9

Poland

      4,799       (88     4,711       579       330       249       6       (11     123  

Rest of Europe

      7,935       (541     7,394       1,141       660       481       (103     (33     77  

South, Central America and the Caribbean (“SAC”)

                   

Colombia1

      12,415       (1     12,414       3,975       489       3,486       (575     46       38  

Panama1

      4,906       (124     4,782       2,170       340       1,830       (7     (27     5  

Costa Rica1

      2,818       (351     2,467       1,127       116       1,011       (23     (11     27  

Rest of SAC1

      11,378       (778     10,600       2,875       437       2,438       (1,226     (28     (182

Asia, Middle East and Africa (“AMEA”)

                   

Philippines2

      9,655       —         9,655       2,687       530       2,157       21       (1     (24

Egypt

      6,950       (5     6,945       2,454       539       1,915       (213     (78     (253

Rest of AMEA

      11,858       (12     11,846       1,617       299       1,318       (112     (27     27  

Others

      18,846       (8,597     10,249       (2,962     803       (3,765     (2,174     (20,323     2,653  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      263,516       (13,571     249,945       51,534       15,991       35,543       (1,670     (21,487     4,489  

Discontinued operations

      9,186       (207     8,979       1,232       693       539       (2     (10     (47
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       272,702       (13,778     258,924       52,766       16,684       36,082       (1,672     (21,497     4,442  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

2015

        Net sales
(including
related
parties)
    Less:
Related
parties
    Net sales     Operating
EBITDA
    Less:
depreciation
and
amortization
    Operating
Earnings
before other
expenses, net
    Other
expenses,
net
    Financial
expense
    Other
financing
items, net
 

Mexico

    Ps       50,260       (5,648     44,612       15,362       2,399       12,963       (684     (210     915  

United States

      56,846       (18     56,828       7,985       5,629       2,356       234       (437     (144

Europe

                   

United Kingdom

      20,227       —         20,227       2,705       1,004       1,701       (147     (95     (299

France

      12,064       —         12,064       670       438       232       (8     (48     (10

Germany

      8,285       (1,276     7,009       542       389       153       49       (14     (61

Spain

      6,151       (755     5,396       1,031       604       427       (735     (72     (2

Poland

      4,445       (108     4,337       598       295       303       18       (54     33  

Rest of Europe

      7,457       (660     6,797       1,110       739       371       (187     (23     (122

South, Central America and the Caribbean (“SAC”)

                   

Colombia1

      11,562       (2     11,560       4,041       500       3,541       (88     (50     (570

Panama1

      4,599       (68     4,531       1,869       298       1,571       (180     (13     2  

Costa Rica1

      2,658       (229     2,429       1,096       102       994       (2     (9     2  

Rest of SAC1

      12,177       (1,988     10,189       2,295       445       1,850       (87     (22     (119

Asia, Middle East and Africa (“AMEA”)

                   

Philippines2

      8,436       (4     8,432       2,206       447       1,759       (12     (20     19  

Egypt

      6,923       (5     6,918       1,777       536       1,241       (254     (115     114  

Rest of AMEA

      9,929       —         9,929       1,250       244       1,006       (53     (23     (1

Others

      16,793       (8,752     8,041       (3,003     589       (3,592     (896     (18,579     (1,090
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      238,812       (19,513     219,299       41,534       14,658       26,876       (3,032     (19,784     (1,333

Discontinued operations

      11,944       (56     11,888       1,201       978       223       23       (17     66  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       250,756       (19,569     231,187       42,735       15,636       27,099       (3,009     (19,801     (1,267
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

1 CEMEX Latam Holdings, S.A. (“CLH”), entity incorporated in Spain, trades its ordinary shares in the Colombian Stock Exchange. CLH is the indirect holding company of CEMEX’s operations in Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Brazil. At year end 2017 and 2016, there is a non-controlling interest in CLH of approximately 26.75% and 26.72%, respectively, of its ordinary shares, excluding shares held in CLH’s treasury (note 20.4).
2 CEMEX’s operations in the Philippines are conducted through CEMEX Holdings Philippines, Inc. (“CHP”), subsidiary incorporated in the Philippines which since July 2016 trades its ordinary shares in the Philippines Stock Exchange under the symbol CHP. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, there is a non-controlling interest in CHP of 45.0% of its ordinary shares (note 20.4).
3 As mentioned in note 4.1, in February 2017, CEMEX’s acquired a controlling interest in TCL, which main operations are located in Trinidad and Tobago (“T&T”), Jamaica and Barbados. TCL shares trade in the T&T stock exchange. As of December 31, 2017, there is a non-controlling interest in TCL of approximately 30.2% of its ordinary shares (note 20.4).

 

The information of share of profits of equity accounted investees by geographic operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is included in the note 13.1.

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, selected statement of financial position information by geographic segment was as follows:

 

2017

        Equity
accounted
investees
     Other
segment
assets
     Total
assets
     Total
liabilities
     Net assets
by segment
    Additions to
fixed assets1
 

Mexico

    Ps       241        71,280        71,521        23,574        47,947       2,133  

United States

      1,573        266,769        268,342        32,366        235,976       3,498  

Europe

                 

United Kingdom

      107        34,774        34,881        24,160        10,721       1,010  

France

      1,055        18,481        19,536        7,360        12,176       372  

Germany

      85        9,010        9,095        6,848        2,247       441  

Spain

      —          25,731        25,731        3,543        22,188       553  

Poland

      9        5,477        5,486        3,086        2,400       230  

Rest of Europe

      158        16,123        16,281        3,627        12,654       321  

South, Central America and the Caribbean

                 

Colombia

      —          24,406        24,406        11,307        13,099       1,178  

Panama

      —          7,232        7,232        1,029        6,203       152  

Costa Rica

      —          1,869        1,869        646        1,223       42  

Caribbean TCL

      —          11,004        11,004        4,917        6,087       584  

Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean

      31        11,298        11,329        4,366        6,963       357  

Asia, Middle East and Africa

                 

Philippines

      6        11,548        11,554        2,617        8,937       518  

Egypt

      1        4,602        4,603        1,776        2,827       418  

Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa

      —          13,671        13,671        8,027        5,644       449  

Others

      5,306        24,356        29,662        217,914        (188,252     163  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      8,572        557,631        566,203        357,163        209,040       12,419  

Assets held for sale and related liabilities (note 12.1)

      —          1,378        1,378        —          1,378       —    
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       8,572        559,009        567,581        357,163        210,418       12,419  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

2016

        Equity
accounted
investees
     Other
segment
assets
     Total
assets
     Total
liabilities
     Net assets
by segment
    Additions to
fixed assets1
 

Mexico

    Ps       490        70,012        70,502        20,752        49,750       1,651  

United States

      1,587        287,492        289,079        30,118        258,961       3,760  

Europe

                 

United Kingdom

      104        32,469        32,573        22,914        9,659       599  

France

      909        16,855        17,764        6,829        10,935       379  

Germany

      74        8,396        8,470        6,694        1,776       507  

Spain

      13        27,251        27,264        3,206        24,058       490  

Poland

      10        5,036        5,046        2,072        2,974       181  

Rest of Europe

      270        15,345        15,615        3,221        12,394       258  

South, Central America and the Caribbean

                 

Colombia

      —          26,532        26,532        11,548        14,984       3,633  

Panama

      —          7,958        7,958        1,144        6,814       126  

Costa Rica

      —          1,928        1,928        691        1,237       73  

Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean

      28        12,517        12,545        4,133        8,412       441  

Asia, Middle East and Africa

                 

Philippines

      6        12,308        12,314        2,696        9,618       341  

Egypt

      1        5,512        5,513        2,907        2,606       381  

Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa

      —          12,347        12,347        6,994        5,353       394  

Others

      6,996        26,253        33,249        276,269        (243,020     65  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      10,488        568,211        578,699        402,188        176,511       13,279  

Assets held for sale and related liabilities (note 12.1)

      —          21,029        21,029        815        20,214       —    
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       10,488        589,240        599,728        403,003        196,725       13,279  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

1 In 2017 and 2016, the column “Additions to fixed assets” includes capital expenditures of Ps9,514 and Ps12,676, respectively (note 14).

Total consolidated liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 included debt of Ps193,995 and Ps236,238, respectively. Of such balances, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately 80% and 73% was in the Parent Company, less than 1% and 1% was in Spain, 15% and 25% was in finance subsidiaries in the Netherlands, Luxembourg and the United States, and 4% and 2% was in other countries, respectively. The Parent Company and the finance subsidiaries mentioned above are included within the segment “Others.”

Net sales by product and geographic segment for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:

 

2017

        Cement      Concrete      Aggregates      Others      Eliminations     Net sales  

Mexico

    Ps       42,195        14,672        3,416        11,211        (14,127     57,367  

United States

      27,804        35,400        14,436        6,235        (18,339     65,536  

Europe

                 

United Kingdom

      4,879        7,459        7,758        8,067        (7,984     20,179  

France

      —          13,367        6,373        205        (3,783     16,162  

Germany

      3,595        4,668        2,134        2,335        (4,015     8,717  

Spain

      5,499        944        259        676        (1,498     5,880  

Poland

      3,230        2,532        701        226        (1,211     5,478  

Rest of Europe

      6,236        2,715        1,055        462        (1,893     8,575  

South, Central America and the Caribbean

                 

Colombia

      7,043        4,024        1,224        1,960        (3,566     10,685  

Panama

      3,876        1,725        452        180        (1,219     5,014  

Costa Rica

      2,095        386        122        120        (297     2,426  

Caribbean TCL

      4,097        29        19        215        (77     4,283  

Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean

      11,412        1,308        268        307        (2,451     10,844  

Asia, Middle East and Africa

                 

Philippines

      8,093        67        159        52        (75     8,296  

Egypt

      3,347        479        16        173        (153     3,862  

Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa

      928        11,078        2,875        2,148        (3,513     13,516  

Others

      —          —          —          22,515        (11,204     11,311  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      134,329        100,853        41,267        57,087        (75,405     258,131  

Discontinued operations

      —          525        340        687        (3     1,549  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       134,329        101,378        41,607        57,774        (75,408     259,680  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

2016

        Cement      Concrete      Aggregates      Others      Eliminations     Net sales  

Mexico

    Ps       37,647        13,664        3,156        11,773        (13,509     52,731  

United States

      28,585        35,843        14,565        7,107        (19,546     66,554  

Europe

                 

United Kingdom

      5,267        7,830        8,195        7,889        (8,028     21,153  

France

      —          11,883        5,640        278        (3,266     14,535  

Germany

      3,416        4,539        2,112        2,262        (4,142     8,187  

Spain

      5,478        823        196        472        (1,247     5,722  

Poland

      2,811        2,237        579        219        (1,135     4,711  

Rest of Europe

      5,286        2,254        911        338        (1,395     7,394  

South, Central America and the Caribbean

                 

Colombia

      8,814        4,522        1,364        1,761        (4,047     12,414  

Panama

      3,794        1,577        413        139        (1,141     4,782  

Costa Rica

      2,144        390        179        126        (372     2,467  

Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean

      10,998        1,526        322        298        (2,544     10,600  

Asia, Middle East and Africa

                 

Philippines

      9,405        143        164        70        (127     9,655  

Egypt

      6,076        943        26        217        (317     6,945  

Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa

      961        9,535        2,519        1,379        (2,548     11,846  

Others

      —          —          —          18,851        (8,602     10,249  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      130,682        97,709        40,341        53,179        (71,966     249,945  

Discontinued operations

      422        1,366        785        6,665        (259     8,979  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       131,104        99,075        41,126        59,844        (72,225     258,924  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

2015

        Cement      Concrete      Aggregates      Others      Eliminations     Net sales  

Mexico

    Ps       30,384        13,163        2,860        9,956        (11,751     44,612  

United States

      23,358        30,129        11,914        7,994        (16,567     56,828  

Europe

                 

United Kingdom

      4,705        7,729        7,614        7,859        (7,680     20,227  

France

      —          10,026        4,410        224        (2,596     12,064  

Germany

      3,098        3,749        1,790        2,103        (3,731     7,009  

Spain

      5,265        721        150        392        (1,132     5,396  

Poland

      2,630        1,916        489        197        (895     4,337  

Rest of Europe

      5,075        1,945        728        562        (1,513     6,797  

South, Central America and the Caribbean

                 

Colombia

      8,158        4,428        1,329        1,345        (3,700     11,560  

Panama

      3,368        1,424        383        172        (816     4,531  

Costa Rica

      2,092        367        138        109        (277     2,429  

Rest of South, Central America and the Caribbean

      9,633        2,058        376        451        (2,329     10,189  

Asia, Middle East and Africa

                 

Philippines

      8,270        115        96        62        (111     8,432  

Egypt

      6,052        975        36        236        (381     6,918  

Rest of Asia, Middle East and Africa

      880        7,956        1,931        1,115        (1,953     9,929  

Others

      —          —          —          16,811        (8,770     8,041  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Continuing operations

      112,968        86,701        34,244        49,588        (64,202     219,299  

Discontinued operations

      1,046        3,877        1,928        5,474        (437     11,888  
   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    Ps       114,014        90,578        36,172        55,062        (64,639     231,187