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Operating Expenses, Depreciation and Amortization
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Text block [abstract]  
Operating Expenses, Depreciation and Amortization
5)

OPERATING EXPENSES, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION

Consolidated operating expenses during 2018, 2017 and 2016 by function are as follows:

 

            2018      2017      2016  

Administrative expenses1

      Ps        22,387        21,053        20,733  

Selling expenses

         6,315        6,429        6,945  

Distribution and logistics expenses

         31,992        28,485        26,235  
     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

  
     Ps        60,694        55,967        53,913  
     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

  

 

1

All significant R&D activities are executed by several internal areas as part of their daily activities. In 2018, 2017 and 2016, total combined expenses of these departments recognized within administrative expenses were Ps758 (US$38), Ps754 (US$38) and Ps712 (US$38), respectively.

 

Depreciation and amortization recognized during 2018, 2017 and 2016 are detailed as follows:

 

            2018      2017      2016  

Included in cost of sales

      Ps        14,181        14,143        14,177  

Included in administrative, selling and distribution and logistics expenses

         1,889        1,845        1,810  
     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

  
     Ps        16,070        15,988        15,987