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Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Mar. 30, 2017
MXN ($)
$ / shares
shares
Jul. 18, 2016
$ / shares
Mar. 31, 2016
MXN ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2018
MXN ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2017
MXN ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2016
MXN ($)
shares
Jun. 30, 2016
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
shares
Apr. 05, 2018
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
shares
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Investment in CPOs       $ 194 $ 301          
Investment in CPOs | shares       20,541,277 20,541,277          
Increase in variable common stock issued to preserve the anti-dilutive rights of note holders | shares 258,000,000   297,000,000           750,000,000  
Capital reserve                 $ 500  
Increase in variable common stock issued through the capitalization of retained earning | shares 1,687,000,000   1,616,000,000              
Increase in common stock $ 5   $ 4              
Nominal value of common stock per CPO | $ / shares $ 0.00833   $ 0.00833              
Additional paid-in capital $ 9,459   $ 6,966 $ 141,151 $ 140,483          
Percentage of net income allocation toward legal reserve       5.00%            
Legal reserve       $ 1,804            
Non-controlling interest and perpetual debentures       30,883 30,879          
Other equity reserve       11,869 13,483 $ 13,483        
Additional paid-in capital [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Additional paid-in capital       706 817 742        
Non-controlling Interest [Member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Non-controlling interest and perpetual debentures       22,154 22,095          
Net income attributable to noncontroling interest       789 1,417 1,173        
Extraordinary [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Increase in variable common stock issued to preserve the anti-dilutive rights of note holders | shares                 453,000,000  
Perpetual Subordinated Bonds [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Non-controlling interest and perpetual debentures       8,729 8,784     $ 444   $ 447
Interest expense [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Other equity reserve       $ 553 $ 482 $ 507        
CEMEX Holdings Philippines, Inc. [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Non-controlling interest ownership percentage       45.00% 45.00%          
Number of shares issued   2,337,927,954                
Percentage of outstanding common shares owned by the subsidiary   45.00%                
Initial offering price per common share | $ / shares   $ 10.75                
Net proceeds from offering             $ 507      
Exchange rate             46.932      
CEMEX Latam Holdings, S.A. [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Non-controlling interest ownership percentage       26.75% 26.72%          
Caribbean TCL [member] | Trinidad Cement Limited [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Non-controlling interest ownership percentage       30.20% 30.20%          
CPO [Member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Increase in variable common stock issued to preserve the anti-dilutive rights of note holders | shares 86,000,000   99,000,000           250,000,000  
Increase in variable common stock issued through the capitalization of retained earning | shares 562,000,000   539,000,000              
Number of shares issued | shares       49,300,000 53,200,000 53,900,000   49,300,000   53,200,000
CPO [Member] | Extraordinary [member]                    
Disclosure of Classes of Share Capital [Line Items]                    
Increase in variable common stock issued to preserve the anti-dilutive rights of note holders | shares                 151,000,000