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Financial Instruments - Additional Information - Derivative Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Gains and (losses) related to recognition of changes in fair values of the derivative instruments   $ 39 $ 1 $ (17)
Financial Income And Other Items [Member] | CEMEX SAB De CV April 2024 Notes [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Gain (loss) due to changes in estimated fair value   3    
Fuel Price Forward Contracts [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   128 96  
Financial liabilities at estimated fair value   5 1  
Gain (loss) due to changes in estimated fair value   7 (15) 35
Net Investment Hedges [member] | Forward Contract [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   741    
Net foreign exchange gain (loss)     126 59
Net Investment Hedges [member] | Top of range [member] | Forward Contract [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   1,250    
Equity Investments [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss   $ 1 $ 2 26
Forward contract to be settled in shares   4.7 13.9  
Forward contract settled in cash   9.2 6.9  
Equity Investments [Member] | Forward Contract [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Net foreign exchange gain (loss)   $ 53    
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Cemex [Member] | Financial Income And Other Items [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Payments on Contract $ 14      
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Top of range [member] | Cemex [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate 3.05%      
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Bottom of range [member] | Cemex [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate 2.56%      
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Electric Energy [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Financial assets at estimated fair value       $ 11
Borrowings, interest rate       5.40%
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Loans from banks at floating interest rate [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   1,000    
Financial liabilities at estimated fair value   44 $ 35  
Gain (loss) due to changes in estimated fair value   9 $ 26  
Interest Rate Swap Contract [Member] | Loans from banks at floating interest rate [member] | Cemex [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   334    
Financial liabilities at estimated fair value   3    
Gain (loss) due to changes in estimated fair value   3    
Foreign exchange forwards related to forecasted transactions [member] | 2017 Credit Agreement [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   397    
Foreign exchange forwards related to forecasted transactions [member] | Financial Income And Other Items [Member] | 2017 Credit Agreement [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Net foreign exchange gain (loss)   $ 15    
Foreign exchange forwards related to forecasted transactions [member] | Electric Energy [member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Net foreign exchange loss       $ 6
DollarEuro Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts [Member] | April 2024 Notes [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.625%    
British PoundEuro Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Derivative financial instrument, Notional amount   $ 186    
British PoundEuro Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts [Member] | Financial Income And Other Items [Member]        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Gain (loss) due to changes in estimated fair value   $ 9