EX-2 3 d774924dex2.htm FOURTH QUARTER 2023 RESULTS FOR CEMEX

Exhibit 2

Fourth Quarter Results 2023
Oum Wellness Center, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
Built with Resilia and Pervia concrete, part of our Vertua family of sustainable products
Stock Listing Information
NYSE (ADS)
Ticker: CX
Mexican Stock Exchange (CPO)
Ticker: CEMEX.CPO
Ratio of CEMEXCPO to CX = 10:1
Investor Relations
In the United States:
+ 1 877 7CX NYSE
In Mexico:
+ 52 (81) 8888 4292
E-Mail: ir@cemex.com

Operating and financial highlights |  |

|  |  |  |  | January - December |  |  |  |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | l-t-l |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | l-t-l |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |
Consolidated volumes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Domestic gray cement |  |  | 51,665 |  |  |  | 55,134 |  |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,584 |  |  |  | 13,288 |  |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  |  |
Ready-mix |  |  | 47,093 |  |  |  | 50,026 |  |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10,803 |  |  |  | 12,043 |  |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  |  |
Aggregates |  |  | 138,839 |  |  |  | 139,210 |  |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33,699 |  |  |  | 33,654 |  |  |  | 0 | % |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  | 17,416 |  |  |  | 15,577 |  |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 4,243 |  |  |  | 3,869 |  |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 5 | %
Gross profit |  |  | 5,861 |  |  |  | 4,822 |  |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 1,432 |  |  |  | 1,208 |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 12 | %
as % of net sales |  |  | 33.7 | % |  |  | 31.0 | % |  |  | 2.7pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33.7 | % |  |  | 31.2 | % |  |  | 2.5pp |  |  |  |  |
Operating earnings before other income and expenses, net |  |  | 2,114 |  |  |  | 1,561 |  |  |  | 35 | % |  |  | 29 | % |  |  | 432 |  |  |  | 361 |  |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 14 | %
as % of net sales |  |  | 12.1 | % |  |  | 10.0 | % |  |  | 2.1pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.2 | % |  |  | 9.3 | % |  |  | 0.9pp |  |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses as % of net sales |  |  | 9.1 | % |  |  | 8.0 | % |  |  | 1.1pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.6 | % |  |  | 8.5 | % |  |  | 2.1pp |  |  |  |  |
Controlling interest net income (loss) |  |  | 182 |  |  |  | 858 |  |  |  | (79 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (441 | ) |  |  | (99 | ) |  |  | (345 | %) |  |  |  |
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 3,347 |  |  |  | 2,681 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 743 |  |  |  | 630 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 13 | %
as % of net sales |  |  | 19.2 | % |  |  | 17.2 | % |  |  | 2.0pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17.5 | % |  |  | 16.3 | % |  |  | 1.2pp |  |  |  |  |
Free cash flow after maintenance capital expenditures |  |  | 1,208 |  |  |  | 553 |  |  |  | 118 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 511 |  |  |  | 391 |  |  |  | 31 | % |  |  |  |
Free cash flow |  |  | 788 |  |  |  | 78 |  |  |  | 909 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 403 |  |  |  | 201 |  |  |  | 101 | % |  |  |  |
Total debt |  |  | 7,486 |  |  |  | 8,147 |  |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,486 |  |  |  | 8,147 |  |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) of continuing operations per ADS |  |  | 0.12 |  |  |  | 0.36 |  |  |  | (66 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.30 | ) |  |  | (0.12 | ) |  |  | (160 | %) |  |  |  |
Fully diluted earnings (loss) of continuing operations per ADS |  |  | 0.12 |  |  |  | 0.36 |  |  |  | (66 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.30 | ) |  |  | (0.12 | ) |  |  | (160 | %) |  |  |  |
Average ADSs outstanding (1) |  |  | 1,471 |  |  |  | 1,478 |  |  |  | (1 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,471 |  |  |  | 1,475 |  |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  |  |
Employees |  |  | 46,063 |  |  |  | 43,535 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46,063 |  |  |  | 43,535 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  |  |

(1) | For purposes of this report, Average ADSs outstanding equals the total number of Series A shares and Series B shares outstanding as if they were all held in ADS form. Please see “Equity-related information” below in this report. The calculation of Average ADSs outstanding also includes the restricted CPOs allocated to eligible employees as variable compensation.

This information does not include discontinued operations. Please see page 14 of this report for additional information. Cement and aggregates volumes in thousands of metric tons. Ready-mix volumes in thousands of cubic meters. In millions of U.S. dollars, except volumes, percentages, employees, and per-ADS amounts. Average ADSs outstanding are presented in millions. Please refer to page 13 for end-of quarter CPO-equivalent units outstanding.

Consolidated net sales in 2023 reached US$17.4 billion, an increase of 8% on a like-to-like basis, while increasing 5% in fourth quarter, compared to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our higher prices in local currency terms in all regions drove our top line growth.

Cost of sales, as a percentage of Net Sales, decreased by 2.7pp to 66.3% in 2023, and was 2.5pp lower in the fourth quarter versus the same period last year, mainly driven by pricing of our products, easing cost headwinds, and operational efficiencies. This was the fifth consecutive quarter of year-over-year decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of Net Sales.

Operating expenses, as a percentage of Net Sales, increased by 0.6pp in 2023 to 21.5%, and was 1.7pp higher during the fourth quarter of 2023 compared with the same period last year.

Operating EBITDA in 2023 grew 20% on a like-to-like basis, reaching a record US$3.35 billion, with growth in all four regions, while increasing 13% in the fourth quarter. Operating EBITDA outperformance reflects not only strong pricing of our products and decelerating input cost inflation, but also the success of our growth investment strategy, as well as continued growth in our Urbanization Solutions business.

Operating EBITDA margin increased by 2.0pp from 17.2% to 19.2% in 2023 and was 1.2pp higher in fourth quarter. The expansion reflects the pricing strategy execution for our products, as well as easing cost inflation and operational efficiencies, with full year margin exceeding our goal of recovering 2021 levels, after adjusting for volume and product mix.

Controlling interest net income (loss) resulted in an income of US$182 million in 2023 and a loss of US$441 million in the fourth quarter. Despite better operating performance, net income for the year was lower due to a provision for a tax fine created in fourth quarter related to a tax matter in Spain. In addition, in 2022 we recorded a gain from the sale of our operations in Costa Rica and El Salvador, and Neoris.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 2

Operating results |  |

Mexico

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |
Net sales |  |  | 5,088 |  |  |  | 3,842 |  |  |  | 32 | % |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 1,333 |  |  |  | 1,016 |  |  |  | 31 | % |  |  | 17 | %
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 1,488 |  |  |  | 1,133 |  |  |  | 31 | % |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 346 |  |  |  | 271 |  |  |  | 28 | % |  |  | 13 | %
Operating EBITDA margin |  |  | 29.3 | % |  |  | 29.5 | % |  |  | (0.2pp | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26.0 | % |  |  | 26.7 | % |  |  | (0.7pp | ) |  |  |  |

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages.

|  | Domestic gray cement |  |  | Ready-mix |  |  | Aggregates |
Year-over-year percentage variation |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
Volume |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 4 | %
Price (USD) |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 42 | % |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | 41 | % |  |  | 44 | %
Price (local currency) |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | 29 | %

Our Mexican operations delivered strong results in 2023, with both Sales and EBITDA growing in the mid teen percentage area, supported by strong volumes and pricing of our products. Operating EBITDA margin slightly decreased in the year mainly due to an unfavorable product mix effect and higher transportation costs.

The recovery in cement volumes in 2023 was driven by the formal sector, with bulk cement more than offsetting the decline in bagged, while ready mix and aggregate volumes grew high single-digit. Importantly, we have seen a pickup in bagged cement demand in the back half of the year which we believe bodes well for 2024.

United States

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |
Net sales |  |  | 5,338 |  |  |  | 5,038 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 1,269 |  |  |  | 1,221 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 4 | %
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 1,040 |  |  |  | 762 |  |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | 239 |  |  |  | 202 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 18 | %
Operating EBITDA margin |  |  | 19.5 | % |  |  | 15.1 | % |  |  | 4.4pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.8 | % |  |  | 16.5 | % |  |  | 2.3pp |  |  |  |  |

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages.

|  | Domestic gray cement |  |  | Ready-mix |  |  | Aggregates |
Year-over-year percentage variation |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
Volume |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | 11 | %
Price (USD) |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | (0 | %)
Price (local currency) |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | (0 | %)

The United States posted record full year Operating EBITDA of over US$1 billion in 2023, an important milestone for the business. Operating EBITDA grew 37% year-over-year due to the pricing strategy for our products, growth investments, and decelerating costs. The material Operating EBITDA margin recovery of 4.4pp reflects our success in recovering multi-year cost inflation through pricing as well as easing inflation headwinds.

Prices in 2023 for our three core products rose between 12% and 19%.

Volume decline in the US in 2023 largely reflects bad weather, lower residential and commercial demand, completion of some large industrial projects, as well as some market share loss due to our pricing strategy for our products. In response to the slowdown in demand, we were once again able to reduce our lower margin cement imports to support profitability.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 3

Operating results |  |

Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |
Net sales |  |  | 5,059 |  |  |  | 4,930 |  |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 1,166 |  |  |  | 1,199 |  |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (4 | %)
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 703 |  |  |  | 670 |  |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 129 |  |  |  | 146 |  |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | (14 | %)
Operating EBITDA margin |  |  | 13.9 | % |  |  | 13.6 | % |  |  | 0.3pp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11.1 | % |  |  | 12.2 | % |  |  | (1.1pp | ) |  |  |  |

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages.

|  | Domestic gray cement |  |  | Ready-mix |  |  | Aggregates |
Year-over-year percentage variation |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
Volume |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (9 | %) |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  | (16 | %) |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  | (11 | %)
Price (USD) |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 8 | %
Price (local currency) (*) |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 5 | %

EMEA delivered solid full year results despite a challenging demand environment. The operating EBITDA growth and margin expansion experienced in the first nine months of the year was interrupted in the fourth quarter, with a slowdown in construction activity in the region, as well as major maintenance in the Philippines. Despite the slowdown, full year EBITDA rose 7%, while EBITDA margin expanded by 0.3 percentage points.

Europe posted record full year Operating EBITDA, growing more than 20%, and margin expansion of 2pp. These achievements are attributable to the success of our “One Europe” strategy implemented in 2019 which consolidated and integrated our footprint in the region, accelerated our Climate Action efforts, while rationalizing costs and pursuing bolt-on growth investments in integrated urban micro markets.

In Asia, Middle East and Africa, adverse competitive dynamics in the Philippines, as well as an overall slowdown of construction activity, negatively impacted the region throughout the year.

(*) | Calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis at constant foreign-exchange rates.

South, Central America and the Caribbean

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | l-t-l % var |
Net sales |  |  | 1,725 |  |  |  | 1,605 |  |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 425 |  |  |  | 377 |  |  |  | 13 | % |  |  | 7 | %
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 98 |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 14 | %
Operating EBITDA margin |  |  | 23.2 | % |  |  | 23.8 | % |  |  | (0.6pp | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23.1 | % |  |  | 22.4 | % |  |  | 0.7pp |  |  |  |  |

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages.

|  | Domestic gray cement |  |  | Ready-mix |  |  | Aggregates |
Year-over-year percentage variation |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
Volume |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (2 | %) |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  | (1 | %) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 7 | %
Price (USD) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 36 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 23 | %
Price (local currency) (*) |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 7 | %

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 4

Operating results |  |

In South, Central America and Caribbean, after a challenging 2022 where the pricing for our products struggled to keep up with cost inflation, Sales and Operating EBITDA rebounded in 2023.

Pricing of our products drove top line growth, with cement prices increasing 9%, but still not sufficient to cover input cost inflation. While bagged cement demand remains under pressure, bulk volumes continue to grow, supported by infrastructure projects such as the Bogotá Metro, the 4th Bridge over the Canal in Panamá and tourism related projects in the Dominican Republic.

(*) | Calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis at constant foreign-exchange rates.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 5

Operating results |  |

Operating EBITDA and free cash flow

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |
Operating earnings before other income and expenses, net |  |  | 2,114 |  |  |  | 1,561 |  |  |  | 35 | % |  |  | 432 |  |  |  | 361 |  |  |  | 20 | %
+ Depreciation and operating amortization |  |  | 1,233 |  |  |  | 1,120 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 311 |  |  |  | 270 |  |  |  |  |
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 3,347 |  |  |  | 2,681 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 743 |  |  |  | 630 |  |  |  | 18 | %
- Net financial expense |  |  | 574 |  |  |  | 529 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | 132 |  |  |  |  |
- Maintenance capital expenditures |  |  | 996 |  |  |  | 888 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 399 |  |  |  | 301 |  |  |  |  |
- Change in working capital |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 515 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (405 | ) |  |  | (307 | ) |  |  |  |
- Taxes paid |  |  | 550 |  |  |  | 197 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 56 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  |  |
- Other cash items (net) |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | 74 |  |  |  |  |
- Free cash flow discontinued operations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  |  |
Free cash flow after maintenance capital expenditures |  |  | 1,208 |  |  |  | 553 |  |  |  | 118 | % |  |  | 511 |  |  |  | 391 |  |  |  | 31 | %
- Strategic capital expenditures |  |  | 420 |  |  |  | 475 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 108 |  |  |  | 191 |  |  |  |  |
Free cash flow |  |  | 788 |  |  |  | 78 |  |  |  | 909 | % |  |  | 403 |  |  |  | 201 |  |  |  | 101 | %

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages.

Higher Operating EBITDA and a lower investment in working capital, partially offset by higher taxes, resulted in free cash flow after maintenance capex of US$1,208 million in 2023, a 6-year high, and US$655 million higher than last year.

The increase in cash taxes is a consequence of stronger results, as well as the tax effect of foreign exchange on our U.S. dollar denominated debt.

During 2023 we had no incremental investment in working capital despite higher sales and continued inflationary and supply chain pressures. This is the consequence of a management initiative undertaken in 2nd quarter to optimize working capital. This focus on working capital to maximize free cash flow generation is expected to continue into 2024.

During the year, the main uses of Free cash flow include the acquisition of the assets of Atlantic Minerals Limited in Canada, the investment in a new Construction, Demolition, and Excavation Waste (CDEW) recycling center in EMEA, outflows from our derivative instruments primarily related to FX, coupons of our subordinated notes with no fixed maturity, and repurchases of shares in CLH and CHP.

Information on debt

|  | Fourth Quarter |  |  |  |  |  | Third Quarter |  |  |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Total debt (1) |  |  | 7,486 |  |  |  | 8,147 |  |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  | 7,492 |  |  | Currency denomination |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 | % |  | U.S. dollar |  |  | 74 | % |  |  | 78 | %
Long-term |  |  | 97 | % |  |  | 96 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 96 | % |  | Euro |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 14 | %
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 624 |  |  |  | 495 |  |  |  | 26 | % |  |  | 533 |  |  | Mexican peso |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 4 | %
Net debt |  |  | 6,862 |  |  |  | 7,652 |  |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | 6,960 |  |  | Other |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 4 | %
Consolidated net debt (2) |  |  | 6,888 |  |  |  | 7,620 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,982 |  |  | Interest rate (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated leverage ratio (2) |  |  | 2.06 |  |  |  | 2.84 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.16 |  |  | Fixed |  |  | 70 | % |  |  | 71 | %
Consolidated coverage ratio (2) |  |  | 7.91 |  |  |  | 6.27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.62 |  |  | Variable |  |  | 30 | % |  |  | 29 | %

In millions of U.S. dollars, except percentages and ratios.

(1) | Includes leases, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

(2) | Calculated in accordance with our contractual obligations under our main bank debt agreements.

(3) | Includes the effect of our interest rate derivatives, as applicable.

On October 30th, 2023, we closed the refinancing of our sustainability-linked syndicated bank facility, which consists of a US$1 billion term loan and US$2 billion committed revolving credit facility. Additionally, in early October we issued $6 billion pesos, the equivalent of approximately US$ 350 million, in peso-denominated sustainability-linked long-term notes (certificados bursátiles de largo plazo) in Mexico. Finally, on December 6th, 2023, we closed the refinancing of our sustainability-linked bilateral loan agreement for $6 billion pesos – the equivalent of approximately US$350 million.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 6

Operating results |  |

Consolidated Statement of Operations & Statement of Financial Position

Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V. and Subsidiaries

(Thousands of U.S. dollars, except per ADS amounts)

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |
Net sales |  |  | 17,415,624 |  |  |  | 15,576,819 |  |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 4,243,201 |  |  |  | 3,868,517 |  |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 5 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | (11,554,540 | ) |  |  | (10,754,908 | ) |  |  | (7 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (2,811,609 | ) |  |  | (2,660,572 | ) |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  |  | 5,861,083 |  |  |  | 4,821,911 |  |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 1,431,592 |  |  |  | 1,207,945 |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 12 | %
Operating expenses |  |  | (3,747,513 | ) |  |  | (3,261,376 | ) |  |  | (15 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (999,519 | ) |  |  | (847,045 | ) |  |  | (18 | %) |  |  |  |
Operating earnings before other income and expenses, net |  |  | 2,113,570 |  |  |  | 1,560,535 |  |  |  | 35 | % |  |  | 29 | % |  |  | 432,073 |  |  |  | 360,901 |  |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 14 | %
Other expenses, net |  |  | (264,574 | ) |  |  | (467,275 | ) |  |  | 43 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | (138,722 | ) |  |  | (460,997 | ) |  |  | 70 | % |  |  |  |
Operating earnings |  |  | 1,848,996 |  |  |  | 1,093,260 |  |  |  | 69 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 293,350 |  |  |  | (100,097 | ) |  |  | N/A |  |  |  |  |
Financial expense |  |  | (530,612 | ) |  |  | (505,843 | ) |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (131,583 | ) |  |  | (128,195 | ) |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  |  |
Other financial income (expense), net |  |  | 32,888 |  |  |  | 151,674 |  |  |  | (78 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57,806 |  |  |  | 107,733 |  |  |  | (46 | %) |  |  |  |
Financial income |  |  | 40,171 |  |  |  | 26,697 |  |  |  | 50 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,770 |  |  |  | 14,302 |  |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  |  |
Results from financial instruments, net |  |  | (58,337 | ) |  |  | 109,264 |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (5,780 | ) |  |  | (4,562 | ) |  |  | (27 | %) |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange results |  |  | 143,991 |  |  |  | 72,899 |  |  |  | 98 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 76,493 |  |  |  | 110,774 |  |  |  | (31 | %) |  |  |  |
Effects of net present value on assets and liabilities and others, net |  |  | (92,937 | ) |  |  | (57,186 | ) |  |  | (63 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (25,678 | ) |  |  | (12,782 | ) |  |  | (101 | %) |  |  |  |
Equity in gain (loss) of associates |  |  | 97,629 |  |  |  | 30,900 |  |  |  | 216 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 31,483 |  |  |  | (15,432 | ) |  |  | N/A |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) before income tax |  |  | 1,448,901 |  |  |  | 769,991 |  |  |  | 88 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 251,056 |  |  |  | (135,991 | ) |  |  | N/A |  |  |  |  |
Income tax |  |  | (1,250,303 | ) |  |  | (209,065 | ) |  |  | (498 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (693,305 | ) |  |  | (37,992 | ) |  |  | (1725 | %) |  |  |  |
Profit (loss) of continuing operations |  |  | 198,598 |  |  |  | 560,926 |  |  |  | (65 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (442,249 | ) |  |  | (173,983 | ) |  |  | (154 | %) |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations |  |  | — |  |  |  | 323,605 |  |  |  | (100 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 71,478 |  |  |  | (100 | %) |  |  |  |
Consolidated net income (loss) |  |  | 198,598 |  |  |  | 884,530 |  |  |  | (78 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (442,249 | ) |  |  | (102,504 | ) |  |  | (331 | %) |  |  |  |
Non-controlling interest net income (loss) |  |  | 16,435 |  |  |  | 26,173 |  |  |  | (37 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,249 | ) |  |  | (3,364 | ) |  |  | 63 | % |  |  |  |
Controlling interest net income (loss) |  |  | 182,163 |  |  |  | 858,357 |  |  |  | (79 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (441,000 | ) |  |  | (99,140 | ) |  |  | (345 | %) |  |  |  |
Operating EBITDA |  |  | 3,347,038 |  |  |  | 2,680,630 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 743,107 |  |  |  | 630,463 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 13 | %
Earnings (loss) of continued operations per ADS |  |  | 0.12 |  |  |  | 0.36 |  |  |  | (66 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.30 | ) |  |  | (0.12 | ) |  |  | (160 | %) |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) of discontinued operations per ADS |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.22 |  |  |  | (100 | %) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.05 |  |  |  | (100 | %) |  |  |  |

|  | As of December 31 |
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |
Total assets |  |  | 28,433,399 |  |  |  | 26,447,451 |  |  |  | 8 | %
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 623,933 |  |  |  | 494,920 |  |  |  | 26 | %
Trade receivables less allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  | 1,751,468 |  |  |  | 1,644,491 |  |  |  | 7 | %
Other accounts receivable |  |  | 649,674 |  |  |  | 535,065 |  |  |  | 21 | %
Inventories, net |  |  | 1,789,303 |  |  |  | 1,668,658 |  |  |  | 7 | %
Assets held for sale |  |  | 48,825 |  |  |  | 68,926 |  |  |  | (29 | %)
Other current assets |  |  | 142,197 |  |  |  | 113,664 |  |  |  | 25 | %
Current assets |  |  | 5,005,400 |  |  |  | 4,525,723 |  |  |  | 11 | %
Property, machinery and equipment, net |  |  | 12,465,655 |  |  |  | 11,284,126 |  |  |  | 10 | %
Other assets |  |  | 10,962,343 |  |  |  | 10,637,602 |  |  |  | 3 | %
Total liabilities |  |  | 16,290,314 |  |  |  | 15,538,582 |  |  |  | 5 | %
Current liabilities |  |  | 6,785,733 |  |  |  | 5,546,947 |  |  |  | 22 | %
Long-term liabilities |  |  | 6,202,961 |  |  |  | 6,919,512 |  |  |  | (10 | %)
Other liabilities |  |  | 3,301,621 |  |  |  | 3,072,124 |  |  |  | 7 | %
Total stockholder’s equity |  |  | 12,143,084 |  |  |  | 10,908,869 |  |  |  | 11 | %
Common stock and additional paid-in capital |  |  | 7,686,469 |  |  |  | 7,810,104 |  |  |  | (2 | %)
Other equity reserves |  |  | (2,036,270 | ) |  |  | (2,463,631 | ) |  |  | 17 | %
Subordinated notes |  |  | 1,771,427 |  |  |  | 908,942 |  |  |  | 95 | %
Retained earnings |  |  | 4,370,228 |  |  |  | 4,245,780 |  |  |  | 3 | %
Non-controlling interest |  |  | 351,231 |  |  |  | 407,674 |  |  |  | (14 | %)

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 7

Operating results |  |

Operating Summary per Country

In thousands of U.S. dollars

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |
NET SALES |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |
Mexico |  |  | 5,088,356 |  |  |  | 3,842,407 |  |  |  | 32 | % |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 1,333,267 |  |  |  | 1,016,496 |  |  |  | 31 | % |  |  | 17 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 5,337,668 |  |  |  | 5,037,534 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 1,268,722 |  |  |  | 1,221,007 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 4 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | 5,059,473 |  |  |  | 4,929,607 |  |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 1,165,643 |  |  |  | 1,198,768 |  |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (4 | %)
Europe |  |  | 3,653,975 |  |  |  | 3,389,313 |  |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 848,724 |  |  |  | 819,660 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | (3 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (1) |  |  | 1,405,497 |  |  |  | 1,540,294 |  |  |  | (9 | %) |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 316,919 |  |  |  | 379,108 |  |  |  | (16 | %) |  |  | (9 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 1,724,876 |  |  |  | 1,604,708 |  |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 424,574 |  |  |  | 377,276 |  |  |  | 13 | % |  |  | 7 | %
Others and intercompany eliminations |  |  | 205,252 |  |  |  | 162,562 |  |  |  | 26 | % |  |  | 26 | % |  |  | 50,996 |  |  |  | 54,971 |  |  |  | (7 | %) |  |  | (7 | %)
TOTAL |  |  | 17,415,624 |  |  |  | 15,576,819 |  |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 4,243,201 |  |  |  | 3,868,517 |  |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 5 | %
GROSS PROFIT |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 2,414,888 |  |  |  | 1,772,121 |  |  |  | 36 | % |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 617,674 |  |  |  | 463,346 |  |  |  | 33 | % |  |  | 19 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 1,556,661 |  |  |  | 1,284,903 |  |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 377,856 |  |  |  | 355,822 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 6 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | 1,227,671 |  |  |  | 1,205,406 |  |  |  | 2 | % |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 263,277 |  |  |  | 277,049 |  |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  | (8 | %)
Europe |  |  | 956,424 |  |  |  | 864,581 |  |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 214,099 |  |  |  | 210,505 |  |  |  | 2 | % |  |  | (5 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | 271,246 |  |  |  | 340,825 |  |  |  | (20 | %) |  |  | (7 | %) |  |  | 49,178 |  |  |  | 66,544 |  |  |  | (26 | %) |  |  | (18 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 584,718 |  |  |  | 553,761 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 146,024 |  |  |  | 126,949 |  |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 11 | %
Others and intercompany eliminations |  |  | 77,146 |  |  |  | 5,719 |  |  |  | 1249 | % |  |  | 1249 | % |  |  | 26,762 |  |  |  | (15,220 | ) |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |
TOTAL |  |  | 5,861,083 |  |  |  | 4,821,911 |  |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 1,431,592 |  |  |  | 1,207,945 |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 12 | %
OPERATING EARNINGS BEFORE OTHER EXPENSES, NET |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 1,267,027 |  |  |  | 960,589 |  |  |  | 32 | % |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 288,904 |  |  |  | 224,840 |  |  |  | 28 | % |  |  | 13 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 557,080 |  |  |  | 306,590 |  |  |  | 82 | % |  |  | 82 | % |  |  | 118,171 |  |  |  | 105,278 |  |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 12 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | 375,134 |  |  |  | 343,777 |  |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 48,091 |  |  |  | 62,106 |  |  |  | (23 | %) |  |  | (25 | %)
Europe |  |  | 288,430 |  |  |  | 206,989 |  |  |  | 39 | % |  |  | 33 | % |  |  | 44,700 |  |  |  | 46,167 |  |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (11 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | 86,704 |  |  |  | 136,788 |  |  |  | (37 | %) |  |  | (19 | %) |  |  | 3,391 |  |  |  | 15,939 |  |  |  | (79 | %) |  |  | (63 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 315,210 |  |  |  | 304,321 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 77,455 |  |  |  | 67,567 |  |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 13 | %
Others and intercompany eliminations |  |  | (400,881 | ) |  |  | (354,742 | ) |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | (100,549 | ) |  |  | (98,890 | ) |  |  | (2 | %) |  |  | 14 | %
TOTAL |  |  | 2,113,570 |  |  |  | 1,560,535 |  |  |  | 35 | % |  |  | 29 | % |  |  | 432,073 |  |  |  | 360,901 |  |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 14 | %

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 8

Operating results |  |

Operating Summary per Country

Operating EBITDA in thousands of U.S. dollars. Operating EBITDA margin as a percentage of Net sales.

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | like-to-like |
OPERATING EBITDA |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | % var |
Mexico |  |  | 1,488,365 |  |  |  | 1,132,631 |  |  |  | 31 | % |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 346,119 |  |  |  | 271,022 |  |  |  | 28 | % |  |  | 13 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 1,040,094 |  |  |  | 761,585 |  |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | 238,726 |  |  |  | 201,808 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 18 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | 702,501 |  |  |  | 669,687 |  |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 129,471 |  |  |  | 145,817 |  |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | (14 | %)
Europe |  |  | 533,648 |  |  |  | 424,674 |  |  |  | 26 | % |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 105,115 |  |  |  | 103,930 |  |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | (6 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (1) |  |  | 168,853 |  |  |  | 245,013 |  |  |  | (31 | %) |  |  | (17 | %) |  |  | 24,356 |  |  |  | 41,887 |  |  |  | (42 | %) |  |  | (33 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 399,435 |  |  |  | 382,329 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 98,287 |  |  |  | 84,461 |  |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 14 | %
Others and intercompany eliminations |  |  | (283,356 | ) |  |  | (265,602 | ) |  |  | (7 | %) |  |  | 13 | % |  |  | (69,496 | ) |  |  | (72,645 | ) |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 26 | %
TOTAL |  |  | 3,347,038 |  |  |  | 2,680,630 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 743,107 |  |  |  | 630,463 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 13 | %
OPERATING EBITDA MARGIN |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 29.3 | % |  |  | 29.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26.0 | % |  |  | 26.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S.A. |  |  | 19.5 | % |  |  | 15.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.8 | % |  |  | 16.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | 13.9 | % |  |  | 13.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11.1 | % |  |  | 12.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Europe |  |  | 14.6 | % |  |  | 12.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12.4 | % |  |  | 12.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | 12.0 | % |  |  | 15.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.7 | % |  |  | 11.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 23.2 | % |  |  | 23.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23.1 | % |  |  | 22.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
TOTAL |  |  | 19.2 | % |  |  | 17.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17.5 | % |  |  | 16.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) | In the Philippines, Net Sales (in thousands of dollars) for the fourth quarter 2023 were US$68,688 and for the period January to December 2023 were US$311,805. Operating EBITDA (in thousands of dollars) for the fourth quarter 2023 was US$(166) and for the period January to December 2023 was US$34,014.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 9

Operating results |  |

Volume Summary

Cement and aggregates: Thousands of metric tons.

Ready-mix: Thousands of cubic meters.

|  | January - December |  |  |  |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | % var |
Consolidated cement volume (1) |  |  | 59,618 |  |  |  | 63,376 |  |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | 14,226 |  |  |  | 15,569 |  |  |  | (9 | %)
Consolidated ready-mix volume |  |  | 47,093 |  |  |  | 50,026 |  |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | 10,803 |  |  |  | 12,043 |  |  |  | (10 | %)
Consolidated aggregates volume (2) |  |  | 138,839 |  |  |  | 139,210 |  |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  | 33,699 |  |  |  | 33,654 |  |  |  | 0 | %

Per-country volume summary

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | Fourth Quarter 2023 |
DOMESTIC GRAY CEMENT VOLUME |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | vs. Third Quarter 2023 |
Mexico |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 0 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (11 | %)
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (9 | %) |  |  | (9 | %)
Europe |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (14 | %) |  |  | (14 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (3 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | (3 | %) |  |  | (2 | %) |  |  | (3 | %)
READY-MIX VOLUME |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | (7 | %)
U.S.A. |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | (13 | %)
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  | (16 | %) |  |  | (14 | %)
Europe |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (10 | %) |  |  | (6 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | (25 | %) |  |  | (24 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  | (1 | %) |  |  | (3 | %)
AGGREGATES VOLUME |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | (4 | %)
U.S.A. |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | (4 | %)
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | (12 | %)
Europe |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | (11 | %) |  |  | (10 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa |  |  | (2 | %) |  |  | (13 | %) |  |  | (18 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | (2 | %)

(1) | Consolidated cement volume includes domestic and export volume of gray cement, white cement, special cement, mortar, and clinker.

(2) | Consolidated aggregates volumes include aggregates from our marine business in the United Kingdom.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 10

Operating results |  |

Price Summary

Variation in U.S. dollars

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | Fourth Quarter 2023 vs. |
DOMESTIC GRAY CEMENT PRICE |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | Third Quarter 2023 |
Mexico |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | (3 | %)
U.S.A. |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 2 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | (3 | %)
Europe (*) |  |  | 29 | % |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | (9 | %) |  |  | (6 | %) |  |  | 1 | %
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
READY-MIX PRICE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 42 | % |  |  | 37 | % |  |  | (2 | %)
U.S.A. |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 2 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 1 | %
Europe (*) |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 1 | %
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | (2 | %) |  |  | (4 | %) |  |  | (4 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 36 | % |  |  | 2 | %
AGGREGATES PRICE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 41 | % |  |  | 44 | % |  |  | 1 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  | (0 | %)
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | (2 | %)
Europe (*) |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 13 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | (5 | %) |  |  | (8 | %) |  |  | (7 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | (0 | %)

(*) | Price variation in U.S. dollars calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis; price variation in local currency calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis at constant foreign-exchange rates.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 11

Operating results |  |

Variation in Local Currency

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | Fourth Quarter 2023 vs. |
DOMESTIC GRAY CEMENT PRICE |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |  |  | Third Quarter 2023 |
Mexico |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | (0 | %)
U.S.A. |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 10 | % |  |  | 2 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 18 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | (3 | %)
Europe (*) |  |  | 24 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | 1 | %
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
READY-MIX PRICE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 0 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 2 | %
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 1 | %
Europe (*) |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 1 | %
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | (4 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 1 | %
AGGREGATES PRICE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | 29 | % |  |  | 3 | %
U.S.A. |  |  | 12 | % |  |  | (0 | %) |  |  | (0 | %)
Europe, Middle East, Asia and Africa (*) |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | (1 | %)
Europe (*) |  |  | 9 | % |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | (0 | %)
Asia, Middle East and Africa (*) |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | (1 | %) |  |  | (7 | %)
South, Central America and the Caribbean (*) |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | (1 | %)

(*) | Price variation in U.S. dollars calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis; price variation in local currency calculated on a volume-weighted-average basis at constant foreign-exchange rates.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 12

Other Information |  |

Operating expenses

The following table shows the breakdown of operating expenses for the period presented.

|  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
In thousands of US dollars |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Administrative expenses |  |  | 1,221,542 |  |  |  | 934,252 |  |  |  | 348,416 |  |  |  | 239,023 |
Selling expenses |  |  | 356,804 |  |  |  | 311,545 |  |  |  | 99,791 |  |  |  | 88,478 |
Distribution and logistics expenses |  |  | 1,952,528 |  |  |  | 1,824,315 |  |  |  | 494,558 |  |  |  | 469,737 |
Operating expenses before depreciation |  |  | 3,530,874 |  |  |  | 3,070,111 |  |  |  | 942,765 |  |  |  | 797,238 |
Depreciation in operating expenses |  |  | 216,639 |  |  |  | 191,265 |  |  |  | 56,755 |  |  |  | 49,806 |
Operating expenses |  |  | 3,747,513 |  |  |  | 3,261,376 |  |  |  | 999,519 |  |  |  | 847,045 |

As % of Net Sales |
Administrative expenses |  |  | 7.0 | % |  |  | 6.0 | % |  |  | 8.2 | % |  |  | 6.2 | %
SG&A expenses |  |  | 9.1 | % |  |  | 8.0 | % |  |  | 10.6 | % |  |  | 8.5 | %

Equity-related information

As of December 31, 2022, based on our latest 20-F annual report, the number of outstanding CPO-equivalents was 14,487,786,971. See Cemex’s reports furnished to or filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for information, if any, regarding repurchases of securities and other developments that may have caused a change in the number of CPO-equivalents outstanding after December 31, 2022. For the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2023, no CPOs were repurchased by Cemex.

One Cemex ADS represents ten Cemex CPOs. One Cemex CPO represents two Series A shares and one Series B share.

For purposes of this report, outstanding CPO-equivalents equal the total number of Series A and B shares outstanding as if they were all held in CPO form, less CPOs held by Cemex and its subsidiaries, which as of December 31, 2022, were 20,541,277. Restricted CPOs allocated to eligible employees as variable compensation are not included in the outstanding CPO-equivalents.

Derivative instruments

The following table shows the notional amount for each type of derivative instrument and the aggregate fair market value for all of Cemex’s derivative instruments as of the last day of each quarter presented.

|  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | Third Quarter |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |
In millions of US dollars |  | Notional amount |  |  | Fair value |  |  | Notional amount |  |  | Fair value |  |  | Notional amount |  |  | Fair value |
Exchange rate derivatives (1) |  |  | 1,276 |  |  |  | (84 | ) |  |  | 1,337 |  |  |  | (30 | ) |  |  | 1,358 |  |  |  | (83 | )
Interest rate swaps (2) |  |  | 1,085 |  |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 1,018 |  |  |  | 54 |  |  |  | 1,050 |  |  |  | 47 |
Fuel derivatives |  |  | 232 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | 13 |
|  |  | 2,593 |  |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | 2,491 |  |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 2,546 |  |  |  | (23 | )

1) | The exchange rate derivatives are used to manage currency exposures arising from regular operations, net investment hedge and forecasted transactions. As of December 31, 2023, the derivatives related to net investment hedge represent a notional amount of US$976 million.

2) | Interest-rate swap derivatives related to bank loans, includes an interest rate and exchange rate swap derivative with a notional amount of US$335 million.

Under IFRS, companies are required to recognize the fair value of all derivative financial instruments on the balance sheet as financial assets or liabilities, with changes in such fair market values recorded in the income statement, except when transactions are entered into for cash-flow-hedging purposes, in such cases, changes in the fair market value of the related derivative instruments are recognized temporarily in equity and subsequently reclassified into earnings as the effects of the underlying are recognized in the income statement. Moreover, in transactions related to net investment hedges, changes in fair market value are recorded directly in equity as part of the currency translation effect and are reclassified to the income statement only in the case of a disposal of the net investment. As of December 31, 2023, in connection with its derivatives portfolio’s fair market value recognition, Cemex recognized a change in mark to market as compared to 3Q23 resulting in a financial liability of US$26 million.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 13

Other Information |  |

Discontinued operations

On October 25, 2022, Cemex concluded a partnership with Advent International (“Advent”). As part of the partnership, Advent acquired from Cemex a 65% stake in Neoris for US$119 million. While surrendering control to Advent, Cemex retained a 34.8% stake and remained a key strategic partner and customer of Neoris. Cemex’s retained 34.8% stake in Neoris is accounted for under the equity method. Neoris’ results for the period from January 1 to October 25, 2022, are reported in Cemex’s income statement for the year ended December 31, 2022, net of income tax, in the single line item “Discontinued operations.”

On August 31, 2022, Cemex concluded with affiliates of Cementos Progreso Holdings, S.L. the sale of its operations in Costa Rica and El Salvador for a total consideration for Cemex of US$325 million. The assets divested consisted of one cement plant, one grinding station, seven ready-mix plants, one aggregates quarry, as well as one distribution center in Costa Rica and one distribution center in El Salvador. Cemex’s operations of these assets for the period from January 1 to August 31, 2022, are reported in Cemex’s income statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, net of income tax, in the single line item “Discontinued operations.”

The following table presents condensed combined information of the income statement for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2022, for Cemex’s discontinued operations related to Neoris, Costa Rica and El Salvador:

STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS |  | Jan-Dec |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
(Millions of U.S. dollars) |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Sales |  |  | — |  |  |  | 256 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 17 |
Cost of sales, operating expenses, and other expenses, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | (233 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (13 | )
Interest expense, net, and others |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1 | )
Income (loss) before income tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3 |
Income tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5 |
Net gain (loss) on sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | 304 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 66 |
Net result from discontinued operations |  |  | — |  |  |  | 324 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 71 |

Relevant accounting effects included in the reported financial statements

During 2023 and 2022, Cemex recognized non-cash impairment charges in the statements of income for amounts of US$36 and US$442 million, respectively, within the line-item other expenses, net, of which US$365 million in 2022, refers to impairment of goodwill while US$77 million in 2022, and $36 million in 2023, refer to impairment of property, machinery and equipment. The impairment losses of goodwill in 2022 refer to Cemex operating segments in the United States for US$273 million and Spain for US$92 million, which reduced the line item of goodwill in the statement of financial position in 2022. The impairment losses of property, machinery, and equipment in 2023 and 2022 relate mainly to idle assets in several countries.

The goodwill impairment loss in 2022 was mainly related to the significant increase in the discount rates as compared to 2021 and the resulting significant decrease in the Cemex’s projected cash flows in these operating segments considering the global high inflationary environment as of that date, which increased the risk-free rates, and the funding cost observed in the industry during the period. These negative effects more than offset the expected improvements in the estimated Operating EBITDA generation in both of Cemex’s businesses in the United States and Spain. These non-cash impairment losses did not impact Cemex’s liquidity, Operating EBITDA, and cash taxes payable. Nevertheless, they decreased Cemex’s total assets and equity and generated net losses in the fourth quarter of 2022.

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 14

Definitions of terms and disclosures |  |

Methodology for translation, consolidation, and presentation of results

Under IFRS, Cemex translates the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries using exchange rates at the reporting date for the balance sheet and the exchange rates at the end of each month for the income statement.

Breakdown of regions and subregions

The South, Central America and the Caribbean region includes Cemex’s operations in Bahamas, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, Barbados, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Puerto Rico, as well as trading operations in the Caribbean region.

The EMEA region includes Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Africa.

Europe subregion includes operations in Spain, Croatia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Poland, and the United Kingdom.

Asia, Middle East, and Africa subregion includes operations in Philippines, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Israel.

Definition of terms

Free cash flow equals operating EBITDA minus net interest expense, maintenance, and strategic capital expenditures, change in working capital, taxes paid, and other cash items (net other expenses less proceeds from the disposal of obsolete and/or substantially depleted operating fixed assets that are no longer in operation).

l-t-l (like to like) on a like-to-like basis adjusting for currency fluctuations and for investments/divestments when applicable.

Maintenance capital expenditures equal investments incurred for the purpose of ensuring the company’s operational continuity. These include capital expenditures on projects required to replace obsolete assets or maintain current operational levels, and mandatory capital expenditures, which are projects required to comply with governmental regulations or company policies.

Net debt equals total debt (debt plus financial leases) minus cash and cash equivalents.

Operating EBITDA, or EBITDA equals operating earnings before other income and expenses, net, plus depreciation and amortization.

pp equals percentage points.

Prices all references to pricing initiatives, price increases or decreases, refer to our prices for our products and services.

SG&A expenses equal selling and administrative expenses

Strategic capital expenditures equal investments incurred with the purpose of increasing the company’s profitability. These include capital expenditures on projects designed to increase profitability by expanding capacity, and margin improvement capital expenditures, which are projects designed to increase profitability by reducing costs.

Working capital equals operating accounts receivable (including other current assets received as payment in kind) plus historical inventories minus operating payables.

% var percentage variation

Earnings per ADS

Please refer to page 2 for the number of average ADSs outstanding used for the calculation of earnings per ADS.

According to the IAS 33 Earnings per share, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is determined considering the number of days during the accounting period in which the shares have been outstanding, including shares derived from corporate events that have modified the stockholder’s equity structure during the period, such as increases in the number of shares by a public offering and the distribution of shares from stock dividends or recapitalizations of retained earnings and the potential diluted shares (Stock options, Restricted Stock Options and Mandatory Convertible Shares). The shares issued because of share dividends, recapitalizations and potential diluted shares are considered as issued at the beginning of the period.

Exchange rates |  | January - December |  |  | Fourth Quarter |  |  | Fourth Quarter |
|  | 2023 Average |  |  | 2022 Average |  |  | 2023 Average |  |  | 2022 Average |  |  | 2023 End of period |  |  | 2022 End of period |
Mexican peso |  |  | 17.63 |  |  |  | 20.03 |  |  |  | 17.47 |  |  |  | 19.53 |  |  |  | 16.97 |  |  |  | 19.50 |
Euro |  |  | 0.9227 |  |  |  | 0.9522 |  |  |  | 0.9198 |  |  |  | 0.9686 |  |  |  | 0.9059 |  |  |  | 0.9344 |
British pound |  |  | 0.8019 |  |  |  | 0.8139 |  |  |  | 0.7982 |  |  |  | 0.8415 |  |  |  | 0.7852 |  |  |  | 0.8266 |
Amounts provided in units of local currency per U.S. dollar. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 15

Disclaimer |  |

Except as the context otherwise may require, references in this report to “Cemex,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” refer to Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V. (NYSE: CX) and its consolidated entities. The information included in this report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements and information are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including but not limited to statements related to Cemex’s plans, objectives, expectations (financial or otherwise), and typically can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “assume,” “might,” “should,” “could,” “continue,” “would,” “can,” “consider,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “envision,” “plan,” “believe,” “foresee,” “predict,” “potential,” “target,” “strategy,” “intend,” “aimed”, or other similar terms. Although Cemex believes that its expectations are reasonable, it can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct, and actual results may vary materially from historical results or results anticipated by forward-looking statements due to various factors. These forward-looking statements reflect, as of the date on which such forward-looking statements are made, or unless otherwise indicated, our current expectations and projections about future events based on our knowledge of present facts and circumstances and assumptions about future events. These statements necessarily involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those anticipated in this report. Among others, such risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that could cause results to differ, or that otherwise could have an impact on us, include those discussed in Cemex’s most recent annual report and those detailed from time to time in Cemex’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores), which factors are incorporated herein by reference, including, but not limited to: impact of pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases and the response of governments and other third parties, which could adversely affect, among other matters, the ability of our operating facilities to operate at full or any capacity, supply chains, international operations, availability of liquidity, investor confidence and consumer spending, as well as the availability of, and demand for, our products and services; the cyclical activity of the construction sector; our exposure to other sectors that impact our and our clients’ businesses, such as, but not limited to, the energy sector; availability of raw materials and related fluctuating prices of raw materials, as well as of goods and services in general, in particular increases in prices as a result of inflation; volatility in pension plan asset values and liabilities, which may require cash contributions to the pension plans; the impact of environmental cleanup costs and other remedial actions, and other liabilities relating to existing and/or divested businesses; our ability to secure and permit aggregates reserves in strategically located areas; the timing and amount of federal, state and local funding for infrastructure; changes in the level of spending for private residential and private nonresidential construction; changes in our effective tax rate; competition in the markets in which we offer our products and services; general political, social, health, economic and business conditions in the markets in which we operate or that affect our operations and any significant economic, health, political or social developments in those markets, as well as any inherent risks to international operations; the regulatory environment, including environmental, energy, tax, labor, antitrust, and acquisition-related rules and regulations; our ability to satisfy our obligations under our material debt agreements, the indentures that govern our outstanding notes, and other debt instruments and financial obligations, including our subordinated notes with no fixed maturity and other financial obligations; the availability of short-term credit lines or working capital facilities, which can assist us in connection with market cycles; the impact of our below investment grade debt rating on our cost of capital and on the cost of the products and services we purchase; loss of reputation of our brands; our ability to consummate asset sales, fully integrate newly acquired businesses, achieve cost-savings from our cost-reduction initiatives, implement our pricing initiatives for our products and generally meet our business strategy goals; the increasing reliance on information technology infrastructure for our sales, invoicing, procurement, financial statements and other processes that can adversely affect our sales and operations in the event that the infrastructure does not work as intended, experiences technical difficulties or is subjected to cyber-attacks; changes in the economy that affect the demand for consumer goods, consequently affecting demand for our products and services; climate change, in particular reflected in weather conditions, including but not limited to, excessive rain and snow, and disasters such as earthquakes and floods, that could affect our facilities or the markets in which we offer our products and services or from where we source our raw materials; trade barriers, including tariffs or import taxes and changes in existing trade policies or changes to, or withdrawals from, free trade agreements, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement; availability and cost of trucks, railcars, barges and ships, as well as their licensed operators and drivers, for transport of our materials; labor shortages and constraints; terrorist and organized criminal activities, as well as geopolitical events, such as war and armed conflicts, including the current war between Russia and Ukraine and conflicts in the Middle East; declarations of insolvency or bankruptcy, or becoming subject to similar proceedings; and, natural disasters and other unforeseen events (including global health hazards such as COVID-19). Many factors could cause Cemex’s expectations, expected results, and/or projections expressed in this report not being reached and/or not producing the expected benefits and/or results, as any such benefits or results are subject to uncertainties, costs, performance, and rate of implementation of technologies, some of which are yet not proven. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from historical results, performance, or achievements and/or results, performance or achievements expressly or implicitly anticipated by the forward-looking statements, or otherwise could have an impact on us or our consolidated entities. Forward-looking statements should not be considered guarantees of future performance, nor the results or developments are indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods. Actual results of Cemex’s operations and the development of market conditions in which Cemex operates, or other circumstances or assumptions suggested by such statements may differ materially from those described in, or suggested by, the forward-looking statements contained herein. Any or all of Cemex’s forward-looking statements may turn out to be inaccurate and the factors identified above are not exhaustive. Accordingly, undue reliance on forward-looking statements should not be

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 16

Disclaimer |  |

placed, as such forward-looking statements speak only as of the dates on which they are made. These factors may be revised or supplemented and the information contained in this report is subject to change without notice, but Cemex is not under, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to update or correct the information contained in this report or revise any forward-looking statement that it may make from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances. Readers should review future reports filed by us with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores). Market data used in this report not attributed to a specific source are estimates of Cemex and have not been independently verified. Certain financial and statistical information contained in this report is subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, any discrepancies between the totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding. Also, this report includes statistical data regarding the production, distribution, marketing and sale of cement, ready-mix concrete, clinker, aggregates, and Urbanization Solutions. Cemex generated some of this data internally, and some was obtained from independent industry publications and reports that Cemex believes to be reliable sources. Cemex has not independently verified this data nor sought the consent of any organizations to refer to their reports in this report. Cemex acts in strict compliance of antitrust laws and as such, among other measures, maintains an independent pricing policy that has been independently developed and its core element is to price Cemex’s products and services based upon their quality and characteristics as well as their value to Cemex’s customers. Cemex does not accept any communications or agreements of any type with competitors regarding the determination of Cemex’s prices for Cemex’s products and services. Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references to pricing initiatives, price increases or decreases, refer to Cemex’s prices for Cemex’s products.

Additionally, the information contained in this report contains references to “green,” “social,” “sustainable,” or equivalent-labelled activities, products, assets, or projects. There is currently no single globally recognized or accepted, consistent, and comparable set of definitions or standards (legal, regulatory, or otherwise) of, nor widespread cross-market consensus i) as to what constitutes, a ‘green’, ‘social,’ or ‘sustainable’ or having equivalent-labelled activity, product, or asset; or ii) as to what precise attributes are required for a particular activity, product, or asset to be defined as ‘green’, ‘social,’ or ‘sustainable’ or such other equivalent label; or iii) as to climate and sustainable funding and financing activities and their classification and reporting. Therefore, there is little certainty, and no assurance or representation is given that such activities and/or reporting of those activities will meet any present or future expectations or requirements for describing or classifying funding and financing activities as ‘green,’ ‘social,’ or ‘sustainable’ or attributing similar labels. We expect policies, regulatory requirements, standards, and definitions to be developed and continuously evolve over time.

UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED, ALL FIGURES ARE PRESENTED IN DOLLARS, BASED ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS, AS APPLICABLE

Copyright Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries

2023 Fourth Quarter Results |  | Page 17