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Segment Operating Results | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment Operating Results | Segment Operating Results Business Segments – The Company's business results are categorized into the following two segments: Investment Banking and Investment Management. Investment Banking includes providing advice to clients on significant mergers, acquisitions, divestitures and other strategic corporate transactions, as well as services related to securities underwriting, private placement services and commissions for agency-based equity trading services and equity research. Investment Management includes advising third-party investors in Institutional Asset Management and Wealth Management and interests in private equity funds which are not managed by the Company. On October 18, 2017, the Company completed the sale of the Institutional Trust and Independent Fiduciary business of ETC, which was in the Investment Management segment. On September 30, 2016, the Company deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of its Mexican Private Equity business, which was in the Investment Management segment. The Company's segment information for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is prepared using the following methodology:
• | Revenue, expenses and income (loss) from equity method investments directly associated with each segment are included in determining pre-tax income.
• | Expenses not directly associated with specific segments are allocated based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount, square footage and other performance and time-based factors.
• | Segment assets are based on those directly associated with each segment, or for certain assets shared across segments, those assets are allocated based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount and other factors.
• | Investment gains and losses, interest income and interest expense are allocated between the segments based on the segment in which the underlying asset or liability is held.
Other Revenue, net, included in each segment's Net Revenues includes income (losses) earned on marketable securities, including our investment funds which are used as an economic hedge against our deferred cash compensation program, certificates of deposit, cash and cash equivalents and on the Company’s debt security investment in G5, as well as adjustments to amounts due pursuant to the Company’s tax receivable agreement, subsequent to its initial establishment related to changes in enacted tax rates, and gains (losses) resulting from foreign currency fluctuations, principal trading and realized and unrealized gains and losses on interests in Private Equity funds which are not managed by the Company. Other Revenue, net, also includes interest expense associated with the Company’s Notes Payable, subordinated borrowings and lines of credit, as well as revenue and expenses associated with repurchase or resale transactions. Each segment's Operating Expenses include: a) employee compensation and benefits expenses that are incurred directly in support of the segment and b) non-compensation expenses, which include expenses for premises and occupancy, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, execution, clearing and custody fees, equipment and indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto) for administrative services. Such administrative services include, but are not limited to, accounting, tax, legal, facilities management and senior management activities. Other Expenses include the following:
• | Amortization of LP Units/Interests and Certain Other Awards - Includes amortization costs or the reversal of expenses associated with the vesting of Class E LP Units, Class G and H LP Interests and Class J LP Units issued in conjunction with the acquisition of ISI and certain other related awards.
• | Special Charges - Includes expenses in 2018 related to separation benefits and costs for the termination of certain contracts associated with closing the Company's agency trading platform in the U.K. and separation benefits and related charges associated with the Company's businesses in Mexico, as well as the acceleration of depreciation expense for leasehold improvements in conjunction with the expansion of the Company's headquarters in New York. Expenses in 2017 related to the impairment of goodwill in the Company's Institutional Asset Management reporting unit, the impairment of the Company's former equity method investment in G5, and the transition of certain employees in conjunction with the sale of the Institutional Trust and Independent Fiduciary business of ETC. Expenses in 2016 related to an impairment charge associated with the Company's investment in Atalanta Sosnoff.
• | Acquisition and Transition Costs - Includes costs incurred in connection with acquisitions, divestitures and other ongoing business development initiatives, primarily comprised of professional fees for legal and other services. Expenses in 2016 also include the reversal of a provision for certain settlements in 2016, which was previously established in the fourth quarter of 2015.
• | Fair Value of Contingent Consideration - Includes expense, or the reversal of expense, associated with changes in the fair value of contingent consideration issued to the sellers of certain of the Company's acquisitions.
• | Intangible Asset and Other Amortization - Includes amortization of intangible assets and other purchase accounting-related amortization associated with certain acquisitions.
The Company evaluates segment results based on net revenues and pre-tax income, both including and excluding the impact of the Other Expenses. The following information presents each segment's contribution.
| For the Years Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Investment Banking |  |  |  |  |
Net Revenues(1) | $ | 2,012,023 |  |  | $ | 1,634,268 |  |  | $ | 1,363,859 |
Operating Expenses | 1,448,301 |  |  | 1,175,927 |  |  | 1,020,327 |
Other Expenses(2) | 30,366 |  |  | 35,810 |  |  | 92,172 |
Operating Income | 533,356 |  |  | 422,531 |  |  | 251,360 |
Income from Equity Method Investments | 518 |  |  | 277 |  |  | 1,370 |
Pre-Tax Income | $ | 533,874 |  |  | $ | 422,808 |  |  | $ | 252,730 |
Identifiable Segment Assets | $ | 1,923,783 |  |  | $ | 1,294,103 |  |  | $ | 1,302,351 |
Investment Management |  |  |  |  |
Net Revenues(1) | $ | 52,682 |  |  | $ | 70,081 |  |  | $ | 76,193 |
Operating Expenses | 43,940 |  |  | 51,646 |  |  | 57,379 |
Other Expenses(2) | 21 |  |  | 12,155 |  |  | 9,000 |
Operating Income | 8,721 |  |  | 6,280 |  |  | 9,814 |
Income from Equity Method Investments | 8,776 |  |  | 8,561 |  |  | 5,271 |
Pre-Tax Income | $ | 17,497 |  |  | $ | 14,841 |  |  | $ | 15,085 |
Identifiable Segment Assets | $ | 201,884 |  |  | $ | 290,783 |  |  | $ | 359,995 |
Total |  |  |  |  |
Net Revenues(1) | $ | 2,064,705 |  |  | $ | 1,704,349 |  |  | $ | 1,440,052 |
Operating Expenses | 1,492,241 |  |  | 1,227,573 |  |  | 1,077,706 |
Other Expenses(2) | 30,387 |  |  | 47,965 |  |  | 101,172 |
Operating Income | 542,077 |  |  | 428,811 |  |  | 261,174 |
Income from Equity Method Investments | 9,294 |  |  | 8,838 |  |  | 6,641 |
Pre-Tax Income | $ | 551,371 |  |  | $ | 437,649 |  |  | $ | 267,815 |
Identifiable Segment Assets | $ | 2,125,667 |  |  | $ | 1,584,886 |  |  | $ | 1,662,346 |
(1) | Net revenues include Other Revenue, net, allocated to the segments as follows:
| For the Years Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Investment Banking(A) | $ | (3,156 | ) |  | $ | 58,399 |  |  | $ | (147 | )
Investment Management(B) | 4,436 |  |  | 10,433 |  |  | 12,789 |
Total Other Revenue, net | $ | 1,280 |  |  | $ | 68,832 |  |  | $ | 12,642 |
(A) | Investment Banking Other Revenue, net, includes interest expense on the Notes Payable, subordinated borrowings and lines of credit of $9,201, $9,960 and $9,578 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and includes an estimated gain of $77,535 related to a reduction in the liability for amounts due pursuant to the tax receivable agreement and a loss of $16,266 related to the release of cumulative foreign exchange losses resulting from the restructuring of the Company's former equity method investment in G5 for the year ended December 31, 2017. Also includes ($701) and $92 of principal trading gains (losses) for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, to conform to the current presentation.
(B) | Investment Management Other Revenue, net, includes interest expense on the Notes Payable and lines of credit of $670 for the year ended December 31, 2016, and includes a gain of $7,808 related to the sale of the Institutional Trust and Independent Fiduciary business of ETC for the year ended December 31, 2017. Also includes $2,037 and $12,403 of net realized and unrealized gains on private equity investments for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, to conform to the current presentation.
(2) | Other Expenses are as follows:
| For the Years Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Investment Banking |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of LP Units / Interests and Certain Other Awards | $ | 15,241 |  |  | $ | 11,444 |  |  | $ | 80,846 |
Special Charges | 5,012 |  |  | 14,400 |  |  | — |
Acquisition and Transition Costs | — |  |  | 555 |  |  | (692 | )
Fair Value of Contingent Consideration | 1,485 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,107 |
Intangible Asset and Other Amortization | 8,628 |  |  | 9,411 |  |  | 10,911 |
Total Investment Banking | 30,366 |  |  | 35,810 |  |  | 92,172 |
Investment Management |  |  |  |  |
Special Charges | — |  |  | 11,037 |  |  | 8,100 |
Acquisition and Transition Costs | 21 |  |  | 1,118 |  |  | 791 |
Intangible Asset and Other Amortization | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109 |
Total Investment Management | 21 |  |  | 12,155 |  |  | 9,000 |
Total Other Expenses | $ | 30,387 |  |  | $ | 47,965 |  |  | $ | 101,172 |
Geographic Information – The Company manages its business based on the profitability of the enterprise as a whole. The Company's revenues were derived from clients located and managed in the following geographical areas:
| For the Years Ended December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Net Revenues:(1) |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,591,883 |  |  | $ | 1,199,231 |  |  | $ | 1,057,633 |
Europe and Other | 438,602 |  |  | 422,271 |  |  | 337,957 |
Latin America | 32,940 |  |  | 14,015 |  |  | 31,820 |
Total | $ | 2,063,425 |  |  | $ | 1,635,517 |  |  | $ | 1,427,410 |
(1) Excludes Other Revenue, Including Interest and Investments, and Interest Expense. The Company's total assets are located in the following geographical areas:
| December 31,
| 2018 |  | 2017
Total Assets: |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,757,589 |  |  | $ | 1,284,163 |
Europe and Other | 298,917 |  |  | 234,984 |
Latin America | 69,161 |  |  | 65,739 |
Total | $ | 2,125,667 |  |  | $ | 1,584,886 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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