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RETIREMENT ANNUITY AND GUARANTEED CONTINUOUS EMPLOYMENT PLANS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
RETIREMENT AND POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS  
RETIREMENT ANNUITY AND GUARANTEED CONTINUOUS EMPLOYMENT PLANS
RETIREMENT ANNUITY AND GUARANTEED CONTINUOUS EMPLOYMENT PLANS
The Company maintains a number of defined benefit and defined contribution plans to provide retirement benefits for employees. These plans are maintained and contributions are made in accordance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"), local statutory law or as determined by the Board of Directors. The plans generally provide benefits based upon years of service and compensation. Pension plans are funded except for a domestic non-qualified pension plan for certain key employees and certain foreign plans. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for its plans.
The Company does not have, and does not provide for, any postretirement or postemployment benefits other than pensions and certain non-U.S. statutory termination benefits.
Defined Benefit Plans
Contributions are made in amounts sufficient to fund current service costs on a current basis and to fund past service costs, if any, over various amortization periods.
Obligations and Funded Status
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
Change in benefit obligations
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligations at beginning of year
 
$
1,033,725

 
$
991,979

Service cost
 
23,188

 
21,538

Interest cost
 
37,225

 
41,584

Plan participants' contributions
 
221

 
334

Plan amendments
 
1,623

 
(3,681
)
Actuarial (gain) loss
 
(91,851
)
 
70,015

Benefits paid
 
(59,296
)
 
(86,722
)
Settlement/curtailment
 
(1,390
)
 
(3,946
)
Currency translation
 
(2,003
)
 
2,624

Benefit obligations at end of year
 
941,442

 
1,033,725

 
 
 
 
 
Change in plan assets
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
 
813,897

 
749,456

Actual return on plan assets
 
101,044

 
83,156

Employer contributions
 
85,456

 
68,029

Plan participants' contributions
 
221

 
334

Benefits paid
 
(57,644
)
 
(85,238
)
Settlement
 
(1,390
)
 
(3,798
)
Currency translation
 
(1,589
)
 
1,958

Fair value of plan assets at end of year
 
939,995

 
813,897

 
 
 
 
 
Funded status at end of year
 
(1,447
)
 
(219,828
)
Unrecognized actuarial net loss
 
258,781

 
422,042

Unrecognized prior service cost
 
(2,547
)
 
(4,101
)
Unrecognized transition assets, net
 
26

 
26

Net amount recognized
 
$
254,813

 
$
198,139


The actuarial gain arising during 2013 was primarily attributable to a higher discount rate. In 2012, the Company's U.S. defined benefit plans were amended to allow participants, including those with deferred vested pension benefits, additional payment options including a lump sum and a five year payment option. The decrease in benefits paid in 2013 primarily reflect the disbursements related to deferred vested participants taking lump sum payment options in the prior period.
The after-tax amounts of unrecognized actuarial net loss, prior service costs and transition assets included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2013 were $162,983, $(2,307) and $17, respectively. The actuarial loss represents changes in the estimated obligation not yet recognized in the Consolidated Income Statement. The pre-tax amounts of unrecognized actuarial net loss, prior service credits and transition obligations expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during 2014 are $16,104, $(618) and $4, respectively.
Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
Prepaid pensions
 
$
36,116

 
$

Accrued pension liability, current
 
(10,564
)
 
(3,639
)
Accrued pension liability, long-term
 
(26,999
)
 
(216,189
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, excluding tax effects
 
256,260

 
417,967

Net amount recognized in the balance sheets
 
$
254,813

 
$
198,139


Components of Pension Cost for Defined Benefit Plans
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Service cost
 
$
23,188

 
$
21,538

 
$
17,331

Interest cost
 
37,225

 
41,584

 
44,161

Expected return on plan assets
 
(61,244
)
 
(58,754
)
 
(57,405
)
Amortization of prior service cost
 
(613
)
 
(90
)
 
(62
)
Amortization of net loss
 
30,929

 
31,085

 
21,816

Settlement/curtailment loss
 
423

 
895

 
529

Pension cost for defined benefit plans
 
$
29,908

 
$
36,258

 
$
26,370


The Company's defined benefit plans costs decreased in 2013 primarily as a result of a lower interest cost and a higher expected return on plan assets.
Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
U.S. pension plans
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
37,355

 
$
956,837

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
33,416

 
905,541

Fair value of plan assets
 
10,028

 
755,491

Non-U.S. pension plans
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
49,990

 
$
76,884

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
42,593

 
70,492

Fair value of plan assets
 
39,753

 
58,403


The total accumulated benefit obligation for all plans was $891,397 as of December 31, 2013 and $976,033 as of December 31, 2012.
Contributions to Plans
The Company expects to contribute approximately $20,000 to its defined benefit plans in the United States in 2014. The actual amounts to be contributed in 2014 will be determined at the Company's discretion.
Benefit Payments for Plans
Benefits expected to be paid for the U.S. plans are as follows:
Estimated Payments
 
2014
$
61,755

2015
53,992

2016
61,654

2017
59,570

2018
58,422

2019 through 2023
307,094


Assumptions
Weighted average assumptions used to measure the benefit obligation for the Company's significant defined benefit plans as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
Discount rate
 
4.7
%
 
3.8
%
Rate of increase in compensation
 
4.2
%
 
4.0
%

Weighted average assumptions used to measure the net periodic benefit cost for the Company's significant defined benefit plans for each of the three years ended December 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Discount rate
 
3.8
%
 
4.2
%
 
5.3
%
Rate of increase in compensation
 
4.1
%
 
4.0
%
 
4.0
%
Expected return on plan assets
 
7.4
%
 
7.7
%
 
7.9
%

To develop the discount rate assumption to be used for U.S. plans, the Company refers to the yield derived from matching projected pension payments with maturities of a portfolio of available non-callable bonds rated AA- or better. The expected long-term rate of return assumption is based on the weighted average expected return of the various asset classes in the plans' portfolio and the targeted allocation of plan assets. The asset class return is developed using historical asset return performance as well as current market conditions such as inflation, interest rates and equity market performance. The rate of compensation increase is determined by the Company based upon annual reviews.
Pension Plans' Assets
The primary objective of the pension plans' investment policy is to ensure sufficient assets are available to provide benefit obligations when such obligations mature. Investment management practices must comply with ERISA or any other applicable regulations and rulings. The overall investment strategy for the defined benefit pension plans' assets is to achieve a rate of return over a normal business cycle relative to an acceptable level of risk that is consistent with the long-term objectives of the portfolio. The target allocation for plan assets is 60% to 70% equity securities and 30% to 40% debt securities.
The following table sets forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the pension plans' assets as of December 31, 2013:
 
 
Pension Plans' Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2013
 
 
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Common trusts and 103-12 investments (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$

 
$
4,686

 
$

 
$
4,686

Common trusts and 103-12 investments
 

 
902,746

 

 
902,746

Private equity funds (2)
 

 

 
32,563

 
32,563

Total assets at fair value
 
$

 
$
907,432

 
$
32,563

 
$
939,995

The following table sets forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the pension plans' assets as of December 31, 2012:
 
 
Pension Plans' Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2012
 
 
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Corporate stock (3)
 
$
107,763

 
$

 
$

 
$
107,763

Cash and cash equivalents
 
5,170

 

 

 
5,170

Corporate and other obligations (4)
 

 
412

 

 
412

Common trusts and 103-12 investments (1)
 

 
673,469

 

 
673,469

Private equity funds (2)
 

 

 
27,083

 
27,083

Total assets at fair value
 
$
112,933

 
$
673,881

 
$
27,083

 
$
813,897

_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
Common trusts and 103-12 investments are comprised of a number of investment funds that invest in a diverse portfolio of assets including equity securities, corporate and governmental bonds, equity and credit indexes, and money markets. Trusts are valued at the net asset value ("NAV") as determined by their custodian. NAV represents the accumulation of the unadjusted quoted close prices on the reporting date for the underlying investments divided by the total shares outstanding at the reporting dates.
(2)
Private equity funds consist of four funds seeking capital appreciation by investing in private equity investment partnerships and venture capital companies. Funds are comprised of unrestricted and restricted publicly traded securities and privately held securities. Unrestricted securities are valued at the closing market price on the reporting date. Restricted securities may be valued at a discount from such closing public market price, depending on facts and circumstances. Privately held securities are valued at fair value as determined by the fund directors and general partners.
(3)
This investment category includes publicly traded equity investments directly held by the plans. Investments are valued at the unadjusted quoted close prices reported on the reporting date.
(4)
This investment category is composed of publicly traded bonds and asset backed securities which are valued at the quoted closing market prices on the reporting date.


The table below sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Level 3 pension plans' assets for the year ended December 31, 2013:
 
 
Private
Equity
Funds
Balance at the beginning of year
 
$
27,083

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements
 
2,186

Realized and unrealized gains
 
3,294

Balance at the end of year
 
$
32,563

The amount of total gains during the period attributable to the change in unrealized gains relating to Level 3 net assets still held at the reporting date
 
$
3,035


Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
The Company maintains a domestic unfunded supplemental executive retirement plan ("SERP") under which non-qualified supplemental pension benefits are paid to certain employees in addition to amounts received under the Company's qualified retirement plan which is subject to Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") limitations on covered compensation. The annual cost of this program has been included in the determination of total net pension costs shown above and was $2,329, $2,254 and $2,110 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The projected benefit obligation associated with this plan is also included in the pension disclosure shown above and was $22,877, $25,646 and $23,930 at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Defined Contribution Plans
Substantially all U.S. employees are covered under a 401(k) savings plan in which they may invest 1% or more of eligible compensation, limited to maximum amounts as determined by the IRS. For most participants the plan provides for Company matching contributions of 35% of the first 6% of employee compensation contributed to the plan.
The plan also includes a feature in which all participants hired after November 1, 1997 receive an annual Company contribution of 2% of their base pay. The plan allowed employees hired before November 1, 1997, at their election, to receive this contribution in exchange for forfeiting certain benefits under the pension plan. In 2006, the plan was amended to include a feature in which all participants receive an annual Company contribution ranging from 4% to 10% of base pay based on years of service.
The annual costs recognized for defined contribution plans were $10,812, $9,405 and $8,478 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Multi-Employer Plans
The Company participates in multi-employer plans for several of its operations in Europe. Costs for these plans are recognized as contributions are funded. The Company's risk of participating in these plans is limited to the annual premium as determined by the plan. The annual costs of these programs were $1,048, $972 and $966 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Other Benefits
The Cleveland, Ohio, area operations have a Guaranteed Continuous Employment Plan covering substantially all employees which, in general, provides that the Company will provide work for at least 75% of every standard work week (presently 40 hours). This plan does not guarantee employment when the Company's ability to continue normal operations is seriously restricted by events beyond the control of the Company. The Company has reserved the right to terminate this plan effective at the end of a calendar year by giving notice of such termination not less than six months prior to the end of such year.