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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables) - Galaxy Digital Holdings, LP
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]  
Schedule of Recurring Basis at Fair Value
Items measured on a recurring basis at fair value:
As of March 31, 2025
(in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Digital financial assets$477,899 $36,580 $— $514,479 
Digital intangible assets at fair value
1,611,833 63,581 10,963 1,686,377 
Digital assets loan receivable, net of allowance - Financial assets
— 173,452 — 173,452 
Digital assets receivable18 10 19,642 19,670 
Assets posted as collateral — Digital assets506,634 — 506,634 
Derivative assets120,130 8,223 — 128,353 
Embedded derivative – Collateral payable— 143,027 — 143,027 
Embedded derivative – Digital assets borrowed— 223,469 — 223,469 
Investments(1)
503,356 5,568 391,441 900,365 
$2,713,236 $1,160,544 $422,046 $4,295,826 
Liabilities
Investments sold short(2)
69,358 — — 69,358 
Derivative liabilities81,237 8,465 — 89,702 
Embedded derivative – Digital assets borrowed
— 41,027 — 41,027 
Embedded derivative –Collateral payable— 58,988 — 58,988 
Embedded derivative – Notes payable— — 46,586 46,586 
$150,595 $108,480 $46,586 $305,661 
_______________
(1)Excludes equity securities measured utilizing net asset value as a practical expedient ($315.0 million) and equity securities utilizing the measurement alternative as they are without readily determinable fair values ($66.4 million).
(2)Investments sold short are included in Other current liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position.
As of December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Digital financial assets$354,851 $4,814 $— $359,665 
Digital intangible assets at fair value1,929,661 68,239 20,457 2,018,357 
Digital assets loan receivable, net of allowance Financial assets— 393,734 — 393,734 
Digital assets receivable204 24 60,492 60,720 
Assets posted as collateral – Digital assets— 278,527 — 278,527 
Derivative assets188,836 18,817 207,653 
Embedded derivative – Collateral payable— 55,848 — 55,848 
Embedded derivative – Digital assets borrowed— 24,039 — 24,039 
Investments(1)
751,220 — 524,573 1,275,793 
$3,224,772 $844,042 $605,522 $4,674,336 
Liabilities
Investments sold short6,524 — — 6,524 
Derivative liabilities58,155 107,703 165,858 
Embedded derivative – Digital assets borrowed252,635 252,635 
Embedded derivative – Collateral payable161,261 161,261 
Embedded derivative – Notes payable— — 136,192 136,192 
$64,679 $521,599 $136,192 $722,470 
_______________
(1)Excludes equity securities measured utilizing net asset value as a practical expedient of $304.5 million and equity securities utilizing the measurement alternative of $63.2 million as they are without readily determinable fair values.
Items measured on a recurring basis at fair value:
As of December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Digital financial assets$354,851 4,814 $— 359,665 
Digital intangible assets at fair value1,929,661 68,239 20,457 2,018,357 
Digital assets loan receivable, net of allowance — Financial assets
— 393,734 — 393,734 
Digital assets receivable204 24 60,492 60,720 
Assets posted as collateral — Digital assets
— 278,527 — 278,527 
Derivative assets188,836 18,817 207,653 
Embedded derivative — Collateral payable
— 55,848 — 55,848 
Embedded derivative — Digital assets borrowed
— 24,039 — 24,039 
Investments(1)
751,220 — 524,573 1,275,793 
$3,224,772 $844,042 $605,522 $4,674,336 
Liabilities
Investments sold short (2)
6,524 — — 6,524 
Derivative liabilities58,155 107,703 165,858 
Embedded derivative — Digital assets borrowed
252,635 252,635 
Embedded derivative — Collateral payable
161,261 161,261 
Embedded derivative — Notes payable
— — 136,192 136,192 
$64,679 $521,599 $136,192 $722,470 
_______________
(1)Excludes equity securities measured utilizing net asset value as a practical expedient ($304.5 million) and equity securities utilizing the measurement alternative as they are without readily determinable fair values ($63.2 million).
(2)Investments sold short are included in Other current liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position.
As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Digital financial assets$74,386 $— $— 74,386 
Digital intangible assets at fair value655,473 12,674 68,004 736,151 
Digital assets loan receivable, net of allowance — Financial assets
— 12,000 — 12,000 
Digital assets receivable196 95 20,569 20,860 
Assets posted as collateral — Digital assets
— 316,104 — 316,104 
Derivative assets59,724 113,485 — 173,209 
Embedded derivative — Collateral payable
— 4,244 — 4,244 
Embedded derivative — Digital assets borrowed
— 877 — 877 
Investments(1)
43,568 — 364,576 408,144 
$833,347 $459,479 $453,149 $1,745,975 
Liabilities
Investments sold short25,295 — — 25,295 
Derivative liabilities55,567 105,075 — 160,642 
Embedded derivative — Digital assets borrowed
— 29,874 — 29,874 
Embedded derivative — Collateral payable
— 134,695 — 134,695 
Embedded derivative — Notes payable
— — 10,472 10,472 
$80,862 $269,644 $10,472 $360,978 
_______________
(1)Excludes equity securities measured utilizing net asset value as a practical expedient ($243.3 million) and equity securities utilizing the measurement alternative as they are without readily determinable fair values ($83.7 million).
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following tables summarize changes in assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value for which Level 3 inputs have been used to determine fair value for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(in thousands)Fair value, Beginning BalancePurchasesSales/DistributionsNet Realized Gain / (Loss)Net Unrealized Gain / (Loss)Transfers in /(out) of Level 3Fair value, Ending Balance
Assets
Digital intangible assets
March 31, 2025
$20,457 $— $— $— $(3,438)$(6,056)$10,963 
December 31, 2024
$68,004 $— $— $— $(17,043)$(30,504)$20,457 
Digital assets receivable
March 31, 2025
$60,492 $500 $— $— $(34,646)$(6,884)$19,462 
December 31, 2024
$20,569 $— $(4,727)$4,724.00 $52,477 $(12,551)$60,492 
Investments
March 31, 2025
$524,573 $3,852 $(104,257)$69,624 $(103,351)$1,000 $391,441 
December 31, 2024
$364,576 $129,188 $(221,564)$117,036 $119,803 $15,534 $524,573 
Embedded derivative - Notes payable
March 31, 2025
$136,192 $— $— $— $(89,606)$— $46,586 
December 31, 2024
$10,472 $93,993 $— $— $31,727 $— $136,192 
The following tables summarize changes in assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value for which Level 3 inputs have been used to determine fair value for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively:
(in thousands)
Assets
Fair value, Beginning BalancePurchasesSales/Distributions
Net Realized Gain / (Loss)
Net Unrealized Gain / (Loss)
Transfers in/(out) of Level 3Fair value, Ending Balance
Digital intangible assets
2024
$68,004 $— $— $— $(17,043)$(30,504)$20,457 
2023
$— $— $— $— $65,073 $2,931 $68,004 
Digital assets receivable
2024
$20,569 $— $(4,727)$4,724 $52,477 $(12,551)$60,492 
2023
$16,054 $200 $— $— $17,101 $(12,786)$20,569 
Investments
2024
$364,576 $129,188 $(221,564)$117,036 $119,803 $15,534 $524,573 
2023
$170,526 $30,077 $(2,890)$949 $121,242 $44,672 $364,576 
Embedded derivative - Notes payable
2024
$10,472 $93,993 $— $— $31,727 $— $136,192 
2023
$— $— $— $— $9,604 $868 $10,472 
Schedule of Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following tables summarize changes in assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value for which Level 3 inputs have been used to determine fair value for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(in thousands)Fair value, Beginning BalancePurchasesSales/DistributionsNet Realized Gain / (Loss)Net Unrealized Gain / (Loss)Transfers in /(out) of Level 3Fair value, Ending Balance
Assets
Digital intangible assets
March 31, 2025
$20,457 $— $— $— $(3,438)$(6,056)$10,963 
December 31, 2024
$68,004 $— $— $— $(17,043)$(30,504)$20,457 
Digital assets receivable
March 31, 2025
$60,492 $500 $— $— $(34,646)$(6,884)$19,462 
December 31, 2024
$20,569 $— $(4,727)$4,724.00 $52,477 $(12,551)$60,492 
Investments
March 31, 2025
$524,573 $3,852 $(104,257)$69,624 $(103,351)$1,000 $391,441 
December 31, 2024
$364,576 $129,188 $(221,564)$117,036 $119,803 $15,534 $524,573 
Embedded derivative - Notes payable
March 31, 2025
$136,192 $— $— $— $(89,606)$— $46,586 
December 31, 2024
$10,472 $93,993 $— $— $31,727 $— $136,192 
The following tables summarize changes in assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value for which Level 3 inputs have been used to determine fair value for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively:
(in thousands)
Assets
Fair value, Beginning BalancePurchasesSales/Distributions
Net Realized Gain / (Loss)
Net Unrealized Gain / (Loss)
Transfers in/(out) of Level 3Fair value, Ending Balance
Digital intangible assets
2024
$68,004 $— $— $— $(17,043)$(30,504)$20,457 
2023
$— $— $— $— $65,073 $2,931 $68,004 
Digital assets receivable
2024
$20,569 $— $(4,727)$4,724 $52,477 $(12,551)$60,492 
2023
$16,054 $200 $— $— $17,101 $(12,786)$20,569 
Investments
2024
$364,576 $129,188 $(221,564)$117,036 $119,803 $15,534 $524,573 
2023
$170,526 $30,077 $(2,890)$949 $121,242 $44,672 $364,576 
Embedded derivative - Notes payable
2024
$10,472 $93,993 $— $— $31,727 $— $136,192 
2023
$— $— $— $— $9,604 $868 $10,472 
Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs Used for Assets and Liabilities
The following table presents additional information about valuation methodologies and significant unobservable inputs used for assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value and categorized within Level 3 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively:
Financial Instrument
Fair Value at March 31, 2025
(in thousands)
Significant Unobservable InputsRangeWeighted Average
Digital intangible assets$10,963 Marketability discount
15.7% - 39.1%
28.4%
Digital assets receivable$19,642 Marketability discount
2.8% - 61.8%
21.1%
Investments$391,441 Time to liquidity event (years)
0.8 - 5.0
4.1
Annualized equity volatility
70.0% - 90.0%
88.8%
Risk free rate
3.4% - 4.4%
3.9%
Market adjustment discount
30.0% - 90.0%
39.7%
Market adjustment premium
25.0% - 150.0%
100.5%
Marketability discount
25.0% - 40.0%
27.6%
Expected dividend payout ratio
—%
—%
Enterprise value to LTM revenue multiple
2.5x - 16.8x
9.5x
Enterprise value to projected revenue
2.0x - 10.5x
6.2x
Enterprise value to annualized revenue
2.5x - 9.0x
5.8x
Enterprise value to LTM volume
2.8x
2.8x
Enterprise value to ARR
8.0x
8.0x
Price to tangible book value
1.3x
1.3x
Enterprise value to gross profit
6.0x
6.0x
Scenario probability
35.0%
35.0%
Recovery percentage
44.0%
44.0%
Embedded derivative - Notes payable$46,586 Volatility
47.0% - 77.0%
56.2%
Risk free rate
3.8% - 4.0%
3.9%
Time-step (years)
0.004
0.004
Financial Instrument
Fair Value at December 31, 2024 (in thousands)
Significant Unobservable InputsRangeWeighted Average
Digital intangible assets$20,457 Marketability discount
15.9% - 45.2%
32.1%
Digital assets receivable$60,492 Marketability discount
5.5% - 72.8%
35.8%
Investments$524,573 Time to liquidity event (years)
1.0 - 5.0
4.1
Annualized equity volatility
70% - 90%
88.8%
Risk free rate
3.4% - 4.4%
4.2%
Market adjustment discount
30% - 90%
41.0%
Market adjustment premium
25% - 130%
79.6%
Marketability discount
3.5% - 51.8%
26.0%
Expected dividend payout ratio
0% - 0%
0%
Enterprise value to LTM revenue multiple
2.5x - 16.8x
10.8x
Enterprise value to projected revenue multiple
2.0x - 10.5x
7.0x
Enterprise value to annualized revenue
3.5x - 9.0x
6.7x
Enterprise value to LTM volume
3.0x
3.0x
Enterprise Value to ARR
8.5x - 15.8x
10.9x
Price to tangible book value
1.5x
1.5x
Enterprise value to projected EBITDA
9.0x - 14.0x
11.5x
Scenario probability
35.0%
35.0%
Recovery percentage
35.0% - 61.6%
51.5%
Embedded derivative - Notes payable $136,192 Volatility
45.6% - 75.0%
55.4%
Risk free rate
4.2% - 4.4%
4.3%
Time-step (years)
0.004
0.004
The following table presents additional information about valuation methodologies and significant unobservable inputs used for assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value and categorized within Level 3 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
Financial InstrumentFair Value at December 31, 2024
(in thousands)
Significant Unobservable InputsRangeWeighted Average
Digital intangible assets
$20,457 Marketability discount
15.9% - 45.2%
32.1%
Digital assets receivable$60,492 Marketability discount
5.5% - 72.8%
35.8%
Investments$524,573 Time to liquidity event (years)
1.0 - 5.0
4.1
Annualized equity volatility
70.0% - 90.0%
88.8%
Risk free rate
3.4% - 4.4%
4.2%
Market adjustment discount
30.0% - 90.0%
41.0%
Market adjustment premium
25.0% - 130.0%
79.6%
Marketability discount
3.5% - 51.8%
26.0%
Expected dividend payout ratio
0% - 0%
0%
Enterprise value to LTM revenue multiple
2.5x - 16.8x
10.8x
Enterprise value to projected revenue multiple
2.0x - 10.5x
7.0x
Enterprise value to annualized revenue
3.5x - 9.0x
6.7x
Enterprise value to LTM volume
3.0x
3.0x
Enterprise Value to ARR
8.5x - 15.8x
10.9x
Price to tangible book value
1.5x
1.5x
Enterprise value to projected EBITDA
9.0x - 14.0x
11.5x
Scenario probability
35.0%
35.0%
Recovery percentage
35.0% - 61.6%
51.5%
Embedded derivative — Notes payable
$136,192 Volatility
45.6% - 75.0%
55.4%
Risk free rate
4.2% - 4.4%
4.3%
Time-step (years)
0.004
0.004
Financial InstrumentFair Value at December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Significant Unobservable InputsRangeWeighted Average
Digital intangible assets
$68,004 Marketability discount
3.3% - 59.4%
15.4%
Digital assets receivable$20,569 Marketability discount
6.1% - 74.4%
28.5%
Investments$364,576 Time to liquidity event (years)
3.0 - 5.0
4.6
Annualized equity volatility
90.0%
90.0%
Risk free rate
3.5% - 4.2%
3.9%
Control discount
7.5% - 20.0%
11.1%
Market adjustment discount
25.0% - 65.0%
37.4%
Marketability discount
5.7% - 40.0%
15.4%
Enterprise value to revenue multiple
2.0x- 12.0x
9.4x
Enterprise value to projected revenue multiple
2.0x - 8.0x
4.4x
Enterprise value to volume multiple
5.5x
5.5x
Recovery percentage
120.1%
120.1%
Claims percentage
68.0%
68.0%
Embedded derivative — Notes payable
$10,472 Volatility
67.0%
67.0%
Risk free rate
4.0%
4.0%
Time-step (years)
0.004
0.004
Schedule of Financial Instruments not Measured at Fair Value
The following table presents the fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value in the Company’s condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position. This table excludes non-financial assets and liabilities.
As of March 31, 2025
(in thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$509,438 $509,438 $509,438 $— $— 
Assets posted as collateral - Cash— — — — — 
Accounts receivable28,864 28,864 28,864 — — 
Loans receivable464,766 464,766 — 464,766 — 
Total Assets
$1,003,068 $1,003,068 $538,302 $464,766 $ 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities270,468 270,468 270,468 — — 
Notes payable763,798 724,856 — 724,856 — 
Collateral payable — Cash49,418 49,418 — 49,418 — 
Payable to customers — Cash19,288 19,288 — 19,288 — 
Loans payable345,249 345,249 — 345,249 — 
Total Liabilities
$1,448,221 $1,409,279 $270,468 $1,138,811 $ 
As of December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$462,103 $462,103 $462,103 $— $— 
Assets posted as collateral - Cash— — — — — 
Accounts receivable55,279 55,279 55,279 — — 
Loans receivable476,620 476,620 — 476,620 — 
Total Assets
$994,002 $994,002 $517,382 $476,620 $ 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities281,531 281,531 281,531 — — 
Notes payable845,186 836,402 — 836,402 — 
Collateral payable — Cash74,995 74,995 — 74,995 — 
Payable to customers — Cash19,520 19,520 — 19,520 — 
Loans payable510,718 510,718 — 510,718 — 
Total Liabilities
$1,731,950 $1,723,166 $281,531 $1,441,635 $ 
The following table presents the fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value in the Company’s consolidated statements of financial position. This table excludes non-financial assets and liabilities.
As of December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$462,103 $462,103 $462,103 $— $— 
Assets posted as collateral — Cash— — — — — 
Accounts receivable55,279 55,279 55,279 — — 
Loans receivable476,620 476,620 — 476,620 — 
Total Assets
$994,002 $994,002 $517,382 $476,620 $ 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities281,531 281,531 281,531 — — 
Notes payable845,186 836,402 — 836,402 — 
Collateral payable — Cash74,995 74,995 — 74,995 — 
Payable to customers — Cash19,520 19,520 — 19,520 — 
Loans payable510,718 510,718 — 510,718 — 
Total Liabilities
$1,731,950 $1,723,166 $281,531 $1,441,635 $ 
As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)Carrying ValueFair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$316,610 $316,610 $316,610 $— $— 
Assets posted as collateral — Cash2,091 2,091 2,091 — — 
Accounts receivable60,929 60,929 60,929 — — 
Loans receivable387,364 387,364 — 387,364 — 
Total Assets
$766,994 $766,994 $379,630 $387,364 $ 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities140,376 140,376 140,376 — — 
Notes payable408,053 342,161 — 342,161 — 
Collateral payable — Cash11,367 11,367 — 11,367 — 
Payable to customers — Cash3,442 3,442 — 3,442 — 
Loans payable93,069 93,069 — 93,069 — 
Total Liabilities
$656,307 $590,415 $140,376 $450,039 $