Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets:

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of Goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 (in millions):



	Inpatient Rehabilitation		Home Health and Hospice		Consolidated
Goodwill as of December 31, 2016	$	1,142.0	$	785.2	$	1,927.2
Acquisitions	24.0		21.4		45.4
Goodwill as of December 31, 2017	1,166.0		806.6		1,972.6
Acquisitions	23.2		105.0		128.2
Goodwill as of December 31, 2018	1,189.2		911.6		2,100.8
Acquisitions	4.8		174.7		179.5
Consolidation of joint venture formerly accounted for under the equity method of accounting	24.9		—		24.9
Goodwill as of December 31, 2019	$	1,218.9	$	1,086.3	$	2,305.2

Goodwill increased in 2017 as a result of our acquisitions of inpatient and home health operations. Goodwill increased in 2018 as a result of our acquisitions of Camellia and other inpatient and home health and hospice operations. Goodwill increased in 2019 as a result of our consolidation of Yuma Rehabilitation Hospital and the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest at fair value and our acquisitions of Alacare and other inpatient and home health and hospice operations. See Note 2, Business Combinations, and Note 9, Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates.

We performed impairment reviews as of October 1, 2019, 2018, and 2017 and concluded no Goodwill impairment existed. As of December 31, 2019, we had no accumulated impairment losses related to Goodwill.

The following table provides information regarding our other intangible assets (in millions):



	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Certificates of need:
2019	$	197.2	$	(40.4	)	$	156.8
2018	148.3		(28.2		)	120.1
Licenses:
2019	$	187.3	$	(94.1	)	$	93.2
2018	169.1		(82.2		)	86.9
Noncompete agreements:
2019	$	74.2	$	(62.3	)	$	11.9
2018	65.6		(58.6		)	7.0
Trade name - Encompass:
2019	$	135.2	$	—		$	135.2
2018	135.2		—			135.2
Trade names - all other:
2019	$	41.6	$	(22.4	)	$	19.2
2018	38.9		(19.4		)	19.5
Internal-use software:
2019	$	173.8	$	(116.0	)	$	57.8
2018	161.3		(89.3		)	72.0
Market access assets:
2019	$	13.2	$	(11.0	)	$	2.2
2018	13.2		(10.5		)	2.7
Total intangible assets:
2019	$	822.5	$	(346.2	)	$	476.3
2018	731.6		(288.2		)	443.4

Amortization expense for other intangible assets is as follows (in millions):



	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Amortization expense	$	58.4	$	51.4	$	49.3

Total estimated amortization expense for our other intangible assets for the next five years is as follows (in millions):



Year Ending December 31,	Estimated Amortization Expense
2020	$	55.9
2021	46.2
2022	38.2
2023	33.9
2024	31.0