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Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation


In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018, the results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.  These results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.


The financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and consequently have been condensed and do not include all of the disclosures normally made in an Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The December 31, 2017 balance sheet included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K. Accordingly, the financial statements included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2018.

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Principals of Consolidation


The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SilverSun and its wholly owned subsidiaries SWK, SCS, and CCD. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Goodwill


Goodwill is the excess of acquisition cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired.  Goodwill is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or whenever indicators of impairment exist. These indicators may include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business or other factors. No impairment losses were identified or recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Capitalization of proprietary developed software


Software development costs are accounted for in accordance with ASC 985-20, Software — Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased or Marketed. Costs associated with the planning and designing phase of software development are expensed as incurred. Once technological feasibility has been determined, a portion of the costs incurred in development, including coding, testing and quality assurance, are capitalized until available for general release to clients, and subsequently reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Amortization is calculated on a solution-by-solution basis and is over the estimated economic life of the software. Amortization commences when a solution is available for general release to clients.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Definite Lived Intangible Assets and Long-lived Assets


The purchased intangible assets are recorded at fair value using an independent valuation at the date of acquisition and are amortized over the useful lives of the asset using the straight-line amortization method. 


The Company assesses potential impairment of its intangible assets and other long-lived assets when there is evidence that recent events or changes in circumstances have made recovery of an asset’s carrying value unlikely. Factors the Company considers important, which may cause impairment include, among others, significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired asset, negative industry or economic trends, and significant underperformance relative to historical or projected operating results. No impairment losses were identified or recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition


In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Topic 606 which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The core principle of Topic 606 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. Topic 606 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, it is possible more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing GAAP, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation, among others. Topic 606 also provides guidance on the recognition of costs related to obtaining customer contracts.


Topic 606 was effective as of January 1, 2018 using either of two methods: (1) retrospective application of Topic 606 to each prior reporting period presented with the option to elect certain practical expedients as defined within Topic 606 or (2) retrospective application of Topic 606 with the cumulative effect of initially applying Topic 606 recognized at the date of initial application and providing certain additional disclosures as defined per Topic 606. We adopted Topic 606 pursuant to the method (2) and we determined that any cumulative effect for the initial application did not require an adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018.  Software product revenue is recognized when the product is delivered to the customer and our performance obligation is fulfilled.


Service revenue is recognized when the professional consulting, maintenance or other ancillary services are provided to the customer. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are classified as revenue, and the shipping and handling costs incurred are included in cost of sales.

Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Receivables, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Unbilled Services


The Company recognizes revenue on its professional services as those services are performed or certain obligations are met. Unbilled services represent the revenue recognized but not yet invoiced.

Revenue Recognition, Deferred Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Revenues 


Deferred revenues consist of maintenance on proprietary products, customer telephone support services and deposits for future consulting services which will be earned as services are performed over the contractual or stated period, which generally ranges from three to twelve months. As of June 30, 2018, there was $372,793 in deferred maintenance, $225,434 in deferred support services, and $2,165,306 in deposits for future consulting services.

Revenue Recognition, Services, Commissions [Policy Text Block]

Commissions


Sales commissions relating to service revenues are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a project with our customer.  These commissions are calculated based on estimated revenue to be generated over the life of the project.  These costs are deferred and expensed as the service revenue is earned.  Commission expense is included in selling and marketing expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents 


The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to federally insured limits. At times balances may exceed FDIC insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentrations 


The Company maintains its cash with various institutions, which exceed federally insured limits throughout the year.  At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had cash on deposit of $829,886 and $1,933,772 respectively in excess of the federally insured limits of $250,000.


As of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, no one customer represented more than 10% of the total accounts receivable and unbilled services.


For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, our top ten customers accounted for 18% ($3,472,494) and 23% ($3,761,871), respectively, of our total revenues.  The Company does not rely on any one specific customer for any significant portion of our revenue. 


For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, purchases from one supplier through a “channel partner” agreement were approximately 21% and 22% of cost of revenues, respectively.  This channel partner agreement is for a one-year term and automatically renews for an additional one-year term on the anniversary of the agreements effective date.


As of June 30, 2018, one supplier represented approximately 15% of total accounts payable. As of December 31, 2017, one supplier represented approximately 37% of total accounts payable.


Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable and cash.  As of June 30, 2018, the Company believes it has no significant risk related to its concentration of accounts receivable.

Receivables, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Accounts Receivable


Accounts receivable consist primarily of invoices for maintenance and professional services. Full payment for software ordered by customers is primarily due in advance of ordering from the software supplier. Payments for maintenance and support plan renewals are due before the beginning of the maintenance period. Terms under our professional service agreements are generally 50% due in advance and the balance on completion of the services.


The Company maintains an allowance for bad debt estimated by considering a number of factors, including the length of time the amounts are past due, the Company’s previous loss history and the customer’s current ability to pay its obligations.  Accounts are written off against the allowance when deemed uncollectable.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment


Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to seven years.  Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Maintenance and repairs that do not materially add to the value of the equipment nor appreciably prolong its life are charged to expense as incurred.


When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes


Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as net operating loss carryforwards. Based on ASU 2015-17, all deferred tax assets or liabilities are classified as long-term. Valuation allowances are established against deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates or laws is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date.


The Company has federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards which are subject to limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.


The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions. Tax years 2014 to 2017 remain open to examination for both the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions.


The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Reform includes a number of changes in existing tax law impacting businesses including a permanent reduction in the U.S. federal statutory rate from 34% to 21%, effective on January 1, 2018. Under U.S. GAAP, changes in tax rates and tax law are accounted for in the period of enactment and deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the enacted tax rate. The rate reconciliation includes the Company’s assessment of the accounting under the Tax Reform which is preliminary and is based on information that was available to management at the time the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared.


There were no liabilities for uncertain tax positions at June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value Measurement


The accounting standards define fair value and establish a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use on unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is as follows:


Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.


Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.


Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.


The Company’s current financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to their short term nature and include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities.  The carrying value of longer term leases, contingent consideration and debt obligations approximate fair value as their stated interest rates approximate the rates currently available. The Company’s goodwill and intangibles are measured on a non-recurring basis using Level 3 inputs, as discussed in Note 5.

Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation


Compensation expense related to share-based transactions, including employee stock options, is measured and recognized in the financial statements based on a determination of the fair value. The grant date fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”) pricing model. For employee stock options, the Company recognizes expense over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis (generally the vesting period of the equity grant). The Company’s option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility and expected term. Any changes in these highly subjective assumptions may significantly impact stock-based compensation expense.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Adopted Authoritative Pronouncements


In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Topic 606 which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The core principle of Topic 606 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. The ASU defines a five-step process to achieve the core principal and, in doing so, it is possible more judgement and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are currently in use. The ASU was effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2018 using either of two methods: (1) retrospective application to each prior reporting period presented with the option to elect certain practical expedients or (2) retrospective application with the cumulative effect of initially applying the ASU recognized at the date of the initial application and providing certain disclosures. We adopted Topic 606 pursuant to the method (2) and we determined that any cumulative effect for the initial application did not require an adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018.


Recent Authoritative Pronouncements


In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as modified by ASU’s 2018-1, 2018-10 and 2018-11 (collectively ASU 2016-02). Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases on the entity’s balance sheet for both finance and operating leases. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, an entity can elect to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities and expense over a straight-line basis for the term of the lease. ASU 2016-02 will require new disclosures that depict the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows pertinent to an entity’s leases. Companies may adopt the new standard using a modified retrospective approach or a cumulative effect upon adoption approach for the annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 is permitted. The Company is currently in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.


In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), which includes provisions, intended to simplify the test for goodwill impairment. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a significant impact on our financial position and results of operations.


In June 2018, the FASB, issued ASU No. 2018-07 to simplify the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees by aligning it with the accounting for share-based payments to employees, with certain exceptions. The new guidance expands the scope of Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 718 to include share-based payments granted to nonemployees in exchange for goods or services used or consumed in an entity’s own operations and supersedes the guidance in ASC 505-50. The guidance is effective for public business entities in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period for which financial statements have not been issued, but not before an entity adopts ASC 606. We are currently evaluating the effect of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.


No other recently issued accounting pronouncements had or are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.