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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] |
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION Stock-Based Compensation In 2020, the Company's shareholders approved the Clean Harbors, Inc. 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2020 Plan"). The 2020 Plan provides for future awards of up to 2.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock (subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments) in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards. The 2020 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company grants restricted stock awards and performance stock awards. The restricted stock awards generally vest over three to five years subject to continued employment. The performance stock awards vest depending on the satisfaction of certain performance conditions typically based on revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Adjusted free cash flow, return on invested capital and a measure of workplace safety. In addition, performance stock awards include continued service conditions subsequent to the attainment of any performance conditions. Total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $26.8 million, $18.8 million and $18.5 million, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of operations from stock-based compensation expense was $5.0 million, $3.5 million and $4.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Restricted Stock Awards The following table summarizes information about restricted stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Restricted Stock |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Balance at January 1, 2022 |  | 452,197 |  |  | $ | 76.88 |
Granted |  | 165,149 |  |  | 94.88 |
Vested |  | (167,086) |  |  | 74.37 |
Forfeited |  | (23,118) |  |  | 80.17 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | 427,142 |  |  | $ | 84.64 |
As of December 31, 2022, there was $25.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from restricted stock awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years. The total fair value of restricted stock vested during 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $16.4 million, $17.7 million and $13.3 million, respectively. Performance Stock Awards The following table summarizes information about performance stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Performance Stock |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Balance at January 1, 2022 |  | 169,757 |  |  | $ | 85.56 |
Granted |  | 156,687 |  |  | 92.60 |
Vested |  | (100,892) |  |  | 83.51 |
Forfeited |  | (11,873) |  |  | 86.87 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | 213,679 |  |  | $ | 91.62 |
As of December 31, 2022, there was $9.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from performance stock awards whereby the performance conditions either had been or were probable of being met. The total fair value of performance awards vested during 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $11.1 million, $15.0 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

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