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Business Segments | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Business Segments | Business Segments The Company's property and casualty commercial insurance operations are managed and reported in three business segments: Specialty, Commercial and International. These three segments are collectively referred to as Property & Casualty Operations. The Company's operations outside of Property & Casualty Operations are managed and reported in two segments: Life & Group and Corporate & Other. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements within CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company manages most of its assets on a legal entity basis, while segment operations are generally conducted across legal entities. As such, only Insurance and Reinsurance receivables, Insurance reserves, Deferred acquisition costs, Goodwill and Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense and revenue are readily identifiable for individual segments. Distinct investment portfolios are not maintained for every individual segment; accordingly, allocation of assets to each segment is not performed. Therefore, a significant portion of Net investment income is allocated primarily based on each segment's net carried insurance reserves, as adjusted. All significant intersegment income and expense have been eliminated. Income taxes have been allocated on the basis of the taxable income of the segments. In the following tables, certain financial measures are presented to provide information used by management to monitor the Company's operating performance. Management utilizes these financial measures to monitor the Company's insurance operations and investment portfolio. The performance of the Company's insurance operations is monitored by management through core income (loss). The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is the Chief Executive Officer. For all segments, the CODM uses a multi-year trend of core income (loss) to assess the segments' operating performance and make decisions regarding the allocation of resources to each segment. Core income (loss) is calculated by excluding from net income (loss) the after-tax effects of net investment gains or losses and gains or losses resulting from pension settlement transactions. Net investment gains or losses are excluded from the calculation of core income (loss) because they are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily reflective of the Company's primary operations. The calculation of core income (loss) excludes gains or losses resulting from pension settlement transactions as they result from decisions regarding the Company's defined benefit pension plans which are unrelated to the Company's primary operations. The Company's investment portfolio is monitored by management through analysis of various factors including unrealized gains and losses on securities, portfolio duration and exposure to market and credit risk. The Company's results of operations and selected balance sheet items by segment are presented in the following tables.
Three months ended March 31, 2025 | Specialty |  | Commercial |  | International |  | Life & Group |  | Corporate & Other |  |  |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Eliminations |  | Total
Operating revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earned premiums | $ | 830 |  |  | $ | 1,380 |  |  | $ | 310 |  |  | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,626 |
Net investment income | 151 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 226 |  |  | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | 604 |
Non-insurance warranty revenue | 397 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 397 |
Other revenues | 1 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 9 |
Total operating revenues | 1,379 |  |  | 1,565 |  |  | 344 |  |  | 332 |  |  | 19 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 3,636 |
Claims, benefits and expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net incurred claims and benefits | 509 |  |  | 1,007 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 300 |  |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,017 |
Policyholders’ dividends | 2 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 189 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 471 |
Non-insurance warranty expense | 385 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 385 |
Insurance related administrative expenses | 88 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 321 |
Interest expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |
Other expenses (1) | 15 |  |  | 10 |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 42 |
Total claims, benefits and expenses | 1,188 |  |  | 1,407 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 330 |  |  | 62 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 3,278 |
Income tax (expense) benefit on core income (loss) | (41) |  |  | (34) |  |  | (13) |  |  | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | (77) |
Core income (loss) | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | 124 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 281 |
Net investment gains (losses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (9) |
Income tax (expense) benefit on net investment gains (losses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |
Net investment gains (losses), after tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (7) |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 274 |
(1) Other expenses for the Company's property and casualty commercial insurance segments reflects expenses not directly related to the Company's insurance operations, including certain expenses related to the Company's non-insurance warranty business within Specialty, claims services offerings within Commercial and foreign currency transaction gains and losses within International. Other expenses for the Corporate & Other segment reflects certain corporate expenses not attributable to the Company's ongoing property and casualty insurance operations.
March 31, 2025 | Specialty |  | Commercial |  | International |  | Life & Group |  | Corporate & Other |  |  |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Eliminations |  | Total
Reinsurance receivables | $ | 1,624 |  |  | $ | 1,739 |  |  | $ | 558 |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  | $ | 2,286 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,288 |
Insurance receivables | 992 |  |  | 2,306 |  |  | 429 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,729 |
Deferred acquisition costs | 441 |  |  | 423 |  |  | 135 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 999 |
Goodwill | 117 |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 146 |
Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense | 3,493 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,493 |
Insurance reserves |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Claim and claim adjustment expenses | 7,572 |  |  | 11,708 |  |  | 3,046 |  |  | 616 |  |  | 2,639 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,581 |
Unearned premiums | 3,267 |  |  | 3,366 |  |  | 760 |  |  | 112 |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | 7,504 |
Future policy benefits | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,304 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,304 |
Deferred non-insurance warranty revenue | 4,488 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,488 |
Three months ended March 31, 2024 | Specialty |  | Commercial |  | International |  | Life & Group |  | Corporate & Other |  |  |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  |  | Eliminations |  | Total
Operating revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earned premiums | $ | 814 |  |  | $ | 1,202 |  |  | $ | 315 |  |  | $ | 110 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,441 |
Net investment income | 150 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 231 |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 609 |
Non-insurance warranty revenue | 407 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 407 |
Other revenues | 1 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 9 |
Total operating revenues | 1,372 |  |  | 1,386 |  |  | 346 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 24 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 3,466 |
Claims, benefits and expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net incurred claims and benefits | 477 |  |  | 828 |  |  | 189 |  |  | 312 |  |  | (8) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,798 |
Policyholders’ dividends | 2 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 178 |  |  | 200 |  |  | 66 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 444 |
Non-insurance warranty expense | 394 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 394 |
Insurance related administrative expenses | 81 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 287 |
Interest expense | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |
Other expenses (1) | 14 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 50 |
Total claims, benefits and expenses | 1,147 |  |  | 1,185 |  |  | 296 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 51 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 3,017 |
Income tax (expense) benefit on core income (loss) | (48) |  |  | (43) |  |  | (13) |  |  | 5 |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | (94) |
Core income (loss) | $ | 177 |  |  | $ | 158 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (22) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 355 |
Net investment gains (losses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (22) |
Income tax (expense) benefit on net investment gains (losses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |
Net investment gains (losses), after tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (17) |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 338 |
(1) Other expenses for the Company's property and casualty commercial insurance segments reflects expenses not directly related to the Company's insurance operations, including certain expenses related to the Company's non-insurance warranty business within Specialty, claims services offerings within Commercial and foreign currency transaction gains and losses within International. Other expenses for the Corporate & Other segment reflects certain corporate expenses not attributable to the Company's ongoing property and casualty insurance operations.
December 31, 2024 | Specialty |  | Commercial |  | International |  | Life & Group |  | Corporate & Other |  |  |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  |  | Eliminations |  | Total
Reinsurance receivables | $ | 1,405 |  |  | $ | 1,710 |  |  | $ | 539 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 2,336 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,072 |
Insurance receivables | 1,062 |  |  | 2,219 |  |  | 410 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,697 |
Deferred acquisition costs | 427 |  |  | 405 |  |  | 127 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 959 |
Goodwill | 117 |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 145 |
Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense | 3,525 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,525 |
Insurance reserves |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Claim and claim adjustment expenses | 7,426 |  |  | 11,336 |  |  | 2,920 |  |  | 622 |  |  | 2,672 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,976 |
Unearned premiums | 3,275 |  |  | 3,252 |  |  | 727 |  |  | 92 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,346 |
Future policy benefits | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,158 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,158 |
Deferred non-insurance warranty revenue | 4,530 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,530 |
The following table presents further detail of significant segment expenses included within Net incurred claims and benefits for the Property & Casualty segments.
Three months ended March 31 |  |  |
(In millions) | 2025 |  | 2024
Specialty |  |  |
Non-catastrophe net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses related to current year | $ | 499 |  |  | $ | 482 |
Catastrophe losses | — |  |  | — |
(Favorable) unfavorable development (1) | 10 |  |  | (5) |
Commercial |  |  |
Non-catastrophe net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses related to current year | $ | 868 |  |  | $ | 746 |
Catastrophe losses | 86 |  |  | 82 |
(Favorable) unfavorable development (1) | 51 |  |  | (2) |
International |  |  |
Non-catastrophe net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses related to current year | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 183 |
Catastrophe losses | 11 |  |  | 6 |
(Favorable) unfavorable development (1) | — |  |  | — |
(1) (Favorable) unfavorable development does not include the effects of interest accretion and change in allowance for uncollectible reinsurance. The following table presents operating revenues by line of business for each reportable segment.
Three months ended March 31 |  |  |
(In millions) | 2025 |  | 2024
Specialty |  |  |
Management & Professional Liability | $ | 746 |  |  | $ | 729 |
Surety | 188 |  |  | 182 |
Warranty & Alternative Risks | 445 |  |  | 461 |
Specialty revenues | 1,379 |  |  | 1,372 |
Commercial |  |  |
Middle Market | 466 |  |  | 432 |
Construction | 510 |  |  | 455 |
Small Business | 156 |  |  | 154 |
Other Commercial | 433 |  |  | 345 |
Commercial revenues | 1,565 |  |  | 1,386 |
International |  |  |
Canada | 94 |  |  | 98 |
Europe | 144 |  |  | 143 |
Hardy | 106 |  |  | 105 |
International revenues | 344 |  |  | 346 |
Life & Group revenues | 332 |  |  | 341 |
Corporate & Other revenues | 19 |  |  | 24 |
Eliminations | (3) |  |  | (3) |
Total operating revenues | 3,636 |  |  | 3,466 |
Net investment gains (losses) | (9) |  |  | (22) |
Total revenues | $ | 3,627 |  |  | $ | 3,444 |

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