18.	Retirement employee benefits

Defined contribution plans – Under Mexican legislation, the Company makes payments equivalent to 2% of its workers’ daily comprehensive salary to a defined contribution plan that is part of the retirement savings system. The expense was Ps. 4,728, Ps. 4,986 and Ps. 6,001 in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

In Jamaica, the Company operates a defined contribution pension plan, which is managed by an independent trust. The Company has no further obligation other than its contribution mandated under the plan. The pension plan is financed primarily by payments from employees and the Company.

Defined benefit plans – According to the Federal Labor Law in Article 162, the Company is required to pay in Mexico a seniority premium as postemployment benefits if an employee leaves and if have at least 15 years of service, which consist of a payment of 12 days per worked year based on the last salary, not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage established by law. The present value of the retirement benefit obligation and the current service cost and past service costs were calculated by independent experts using the projected unit credit method.

The defined benefit plans in Mexico usually expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: interest rate risk, longevity risk and salary risk.


Interest risk		A decrease in the interest rate of the 30 years bond will increase the plan liability.

Longevity risk		The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the best estimate of the mortality of the plan participants, during and after their employment. An increase in the life expectancy of the plan participants will increase the plan’s liability.

Salary risk		The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the future salaries of the plan participants. As such, an increase in the salary of the plan participants will increase the plan’s liability.

The amount included in the statement of financial position arising from the obligation of the entity for defined benefit plans on December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 is as follows:

		2015					2016					2017
Present value of defined benefit obligations		Ps.		93,367			Ps.		92,575			Ps.		112,980

The table below shows the movements in the present value of defined benefit obligations:

	2015		2016			2017
Opening defined benefit obligation	Ps.	80,015	Ps.	93,367		Ps.	92,575
Current service labor cost		6,754		7,233			9,459
Interest cost		6,463		7,365			8,344
Actuarial losses		135		—			—
New measurement (gains) / losses:
Actuarial (gains) losses resulting from changes in financial and demographic assumptions		—		(7,165	)		2,602
Actuarial (gains) and losses arising from adjustments for actuarial experience		—		(8,225	)		—
Benefits paid		—		—			—
Ending defined benefit obligation	Ps.	93,367	Ps.	92,575		Ps.	112,980

Below are the amounts for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 that were recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income:

	2015		2016			2017
Current service cost	Ps.	6,754	Ps.	7,233		Ps.	9,459
Interest cost		6,463		7,365			8,344
Actuarial losses		135		—			—
Components of defined benefit costs recognized in net income (Note 24)		13,352		14,598			17,803
Measurement of net defined benefit liability:
Actuarial (gains) losses arising from changes in financial and demographic assumptions		—		(7,165	)		2,602
Actuarial (gains) and losses arising from adjustments for actuarial experience		—		(8,225	)		—
Components of defined benefit costs recognized in other comprehensive income		—		(15,390	)		2,602
Total recognized as employee benefit cost	Ps.	13,352	Ps.	(792	)	Ps.	20,405

The main actuarial assumptions at the reporting date (expressed as weighted average nominal rates) are shown below:

	2015	2016	2017
Discount of the projected benefit obligation at present value	7.4%	7.4%	7.6%
Salary increase	5.0%	5.0%	5.0%
Remaining labor life	20.8 years	18.2 years	17.7 years
Inflation	3.5%	3.4%	4.2%

The discount rate is determined based on the structure of the interest rate curve of government bonds for 30 years. The net interest cost on the retirement benefit obligation is recorded in profit and loss within the cost of services, in conjunction with the other components of liabilities for retirement benefits.

If the discount rate had a variation of 100 basis points upward or downward, the effect on the liability for retirement benefits would be impacted by Ps. 11,820.

Assumptions related to expected mortality are based on statistics and experience of the Mexican population. The average life expectancy of an individual retiring at age 65 is 17 years for men and 19 years for women (Demographic Mortality Experience for Active people, EMSSA 2009).