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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements include the financial results of Software and its wholly owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Adoption of New Pronouncement We elected to early adopt on a retrospective basis the recently issued guidance by the FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” (“ASU 2015-17”). ASU 2015-17 requires companies to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet instead of separating deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts. Adoption resulted in a reclassification which decreased current deferred income tax assets by $1.4 million and increased noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities, net by $1.4 million on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014. Adoption had no impact on our stockholders’ equity or the results of our operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates include income taxes, loss contingencies, the useful life for long-lived and intangible assets, the life of our client relationships, the fair market value of our equity incentive awards and the fair value of our financial instruments. These estimates are based on historical experience where applicable and other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under circumstances. As such, actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Segment Information We operate in a single operating segment and a single reporting segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, who is also the chief executive officer in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. Our chief executive officer allocates resources and assesses performance based upon financial information at the consolidated level. Since we operate in one operating segment, all required financial segment information is presented in the consolidated financial statements. Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less and money market mutual funds to be cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts and money market funds, which may not be federally insured. The fair value of our cash and cash equivalents approximates carrying value. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, all amounts were held in deposit on demand. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and do not believe there is exposure to any significant credit risk on such accounts. Restricted Cash Restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheets primarily consists of cash held in restricted accounts due to requirements under an office building lease. We had no restricted cash as of December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2014, we had restricted cash of $0.4 million. Accounts Receivable We generally collect revenue from our clients through an automatic deduction from the clients’ bank accounts at the time payroll processing occurs. Accounts receivable on our consolidated balance sheets consists primarily of revenue fees related to the last day of the year, which are collected on the following business day. As accounts receivable are collected via automatic deduction on the following business day, the Company has not recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts. Deferred offering costs Deferred offering costs represent legal, accounting and other direct costs related to our efforts to raise capital through an IPO. $2.1 million of costs related to IPO activities were deferred until the completion of our IPO on April 21, 2014, at which time these costs were offset against the IPO proceeds. Inventory Our inventory consists of two types of time clocks, and related clock attachments, sold to clients as part of our time and attendance services and are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in first-out (FIFO) cost method. Time clocks are purchased as finished goods from a third party and as such we do not have any inventory classified as raw materials or work in process inventory. Rental clocks are issued to clients under month-to-month operating leases and are classified as property and equipment. We retain inventory in certain lines primarily as replacements for those clients who use the various clocks and have determined that no write-down for obsolete items was required based on inventory turnover and our historical experience during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is determined using the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
Office equipment and furniture & fixtures |  | 5 years
Computer equipment and software |  | 3 years
Buildings |  | 30 years
Leasehold improvements |  | 3 years
Rental clocks |  | 5 years
Vehicles |  | 3 years
Our leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the related lease terms. Costs incurred during construction of long-lived assets are recorded as construction in progress and are not depreciated until the asset is placed in service. We capitalize interest incurred related to construction in progress. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we incurred interest expenses of $1.3 million, $3.7 million and $9.0 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, interest expense of less than $0.1 million, $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively, was capitalized. Internal Use Software Expenditures for software purchases and software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized and amortized over a three-year period on a straight-line basis. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of materials and services associated with developing or obtaining internal use computer software and certain payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with internal use computer software projects. The amount of payroll costs that are capitalized with respect to these employees is limited to the time directly spent on such projects. Costs associated with preliminary project stage activities, training, maintenance and all other post-implementation stage activities are expensed as incurred. We also expense internal costs related to minor upgrades and enhancements, as it is impractical to separate these costs from normal maintenance activities. The total capitalized payroll costs related to internal use computer software projects was $4.3 million and $2.2 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which have been included in property and equipment. Amortization expense related to capitalized software costs of $1.8 million, $0.9 million and $0.6 million was charged to expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill is not amortized, but is instead tested for impairment annually, or earlier if, at the reporting unit level, an indicator of impairment arises. The estimates and assumptions about future results of operations and cash flows made in connection with the impairment testing could differ from future actual results of operations and cash flows. If impairment exists, a write-down to fair value is recorded. Our business is largely homogeneous and, as a result, goodwill is associated with one reporting unit. We have selected June 30 as our annual goodwill impairment testing date and determined there was no impairment as of June 30, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, there were no indicators of impairment. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. We have determined that there was no impairment of long-lived assets including intangible assets with finite lives, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. Funds Held for Clients and Client Funds Obligation As part of our payroll and tax filing application, we collect funds for federal, state and local employment taxes from clients, handle applicable regulatory tax filings, correspondence and amendments, remit the funds to appropriate tax agencies, and handle other employer-related services. Amounts collected by us from clients for their federal, state and local employment taxes earn interest during the interval between receipt and disbursement, as we invest these funds in demand deposits, money market funds and certificates of deposit. The interest earned from these investments is included in the consolidated statements of income as other income, net. These investments are shown in the consolidated balance sheets as funds held for clients, and the offsetting liability for the tax filings is shown as client funds obligation. The liability is recorded in the accompanying balance sheets at the time we obtain the funds from clients. The client funds obligation represents liabilities that will be repaid within one year of the balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the funds held for clients were invested in demand deposits, short-term certificates of deposit and money market funds and classified as a current asset in the accompanying balance sheets as these funds are held solely to satisfy the client funds obligation. Revenue Recognition Our total revenue is comprised of recurring revenues and implementation and other revenues. We recognize revenue in accordance with accounting standards for software and service companies when all of the following criteria have been met:
| · | There is persuasive evidence of an arrangement;
| · | The service has been or is being provided to the client;
| · | Collection of the fees is reasonably assured; and
| · | The amount of fees to be paid by the client is fixed or determinable.
Recurring Recurring revenues are derived primarily from our talent acquisition, time and labor management, payroll, talent management and HR management applications as well as fees charged for delivery of client payroll checks and reports. Talent acquisition includes applicant tracking, candidate tracker, background checks, on-boarding, e-verify and tax credit services. Time and labor management includes time and attendance, scheduling/schedule exchange, time-off requests, labor allocation, labor management reports/push reporting and geofencing/geotracking. Payroll includes payroll and tax management, Paycom pay, expense management, garnishment management and GL Concierge. Talent management includes employee self-service, compensation budgeting, performance management, executive dashboard and Paycom learning. HR management includes document and task management, government and compliance, benefits administration, COBRA administration, personnel action forms, surveys and Enhanced ACA. The services related to recurring revenues are rendered during each client’s payroll period, with the agreed-upon fee being charged and collected as part of our processing of the client’s payroll. Recurring revenues are recognized at the conclusion of processing of each client’s payroll-period, when each respective payroll client is billed. Collectability is reasonably assured as the fees are collected through an Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) as part of the client’s payroll cycle or through direct wire transfer, which minimizes the default risk. Implementation and other Implementation and other revenues represent non-refundable conversion fees which are charged to new clients to offset the expense of new client set-up and revenue from the sale of time clocks as part of our employee time and attendance services. Because these conversion fees and sale of time clocks relate to our recurring revenues, we have evaluated such arrangements under the accounting guidance that governs multiple element arrangements. For arrangements with multiple elements, we evaluate whether each element represents a separate unit of accounting. In order to treat deliverables in a multiple element arrangement as separate units of accounting, the deliverables must have standalone value upon delivery. If the deliverables have stand-alone value upon delivery, we account for each deliverable separately and revenue is recognized for the respective deliverables as they are delivered. If one or more of the deliverables does not have stand-alone value upon delivery, the deliverables that do not have stand-alone value are generally combined with the final deliverable within the arrangement and treated as a single unit of accounting. When multiple deliverables included in an arrangement are separable into different units of accounting, the arrangement consideration is allocated to the identified separate units of accounting based on their relative selling price. Multiple deliverable arrangements accounting guidance provides a hierarchy to use when determining the relative selling price for each unit of accounting. Vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of selling price, based on the price at which the item is regularly sold by the vendor on a stand-alone basis, should be used if it exists. If VSOE of selling price is not available, third-party evidence (“TPE”) of selling price is used to establish the selling price if it exists, and if not it would be based on our best estimate of selling price. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we have determined that there is no stand-alone value associated with the upfront conversion fees as they do not have value to our clients on a stand-alone basis nor are they offered as an individual service; therefore, the conversion fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the estimated life of our clients, which we have estimated to be ten years. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, we have determined that the revenues from the employee time and attendance services, and the revenues from the sale of time clocks as part of our time and attendance services, have VSOE of selling price as they are sold on a stand-alone basis. Revenue is therefore recognized for the respective deliverables as they are delivered. Cost of Revenues Our costs and expenses applicable to total revenues represent total operating expenses and systems support and technology costs, including labor and related expenses, bank fees, shipping fees and costs of paper stock, envelopes, etc. In addition, costs included to derive gross margins are comprised of support labor and related expenses, related hardware costs and applicable depreciation and amortization costs. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed the first time that advertising takes place. Advertising costs for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $3.6 million, $4.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively. Sales Taxes We collect and remit sales tax on sales of time and attendance clocks and on payroll services in certain states. These taxes are shown on a net basis, and as such, excluded from revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, sales taxes collected and remitted were $3.7 million, $3.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Employee Stock-Based Compensation Time-based stock compensation awards to employees are recognized pro rata over the applicable vesting period as compensation costs in the consolidated statements of income based on their fair values measured as of the date of grant. Market-based stock compensation awards to employees are recognized pro rata over the applicable estimated vesting period as compensation costs in the consolidated statements of income based on their fair value as of the date of the grant unless vesting occurs sooner at which time the remaining respective unrecognized compensation cost would be recognized. Employee Stock Purchase Plan An award issued under the Paycom Software, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) is classified as a share based liability and recorded at the fair value of the award. Expense is recognized, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight line basis over the requisite service period. Income Taxes Our consolidated financial statements include a provision for income taxes incurred for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Under this method, we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. Prior to the 2014 Reorganization, we operated under Holdings as a limited liability company (“LLC”) that was taxed as a partnership. Business income passed through the business to the LLC members, who reported their share of profits or losses on their respective income tax returns. As a result of the 2014 Reorganization, we are treated as a Subchapter C Corporation and, therefore, subject to both federal and state income taxes. Holdings continues to be recognized as a wholly owned partnership for income tax purposes. Accordingly, we recorded a one-time non-cash charge to equity of $0.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 for the amount of the deferred tax liability amount resulting from the exchange of common units, incentive units and Series B Preferred Units of Holdings for shares of common stock of Software as part of the 2014 Reorganization. A portion of the transaction costs incurred in connection with our 2014 IPO were charged to equity. We recorded a one-time non-cash charge to equity of $0.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 for the amount of tax benefit resulting from such transaction costs. We file income tax returns in the United States and various state jurisdictions. We evaluate tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing our tax returns and disallow the recognition of tax positions not deemed to meet a “more-likely-than-not” threshold of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. We do not believe there are any tax positions taken within the consolidated financial statements that would not meet this threshold. Our policy is to record interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions as a component of general and administrative expenses. We are not aware of any ongoing or potential examinations as of December 31, 2015. However, the tax years 2011 through 2015 remain open to examination for federal income tax purposes and by the other major taxing jurisdictions. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance which included a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is not permitted. In April 2015, the FASB proposed a one year deferral of the effective date of the new revenue recognition standard for public and non-public entities reporting under U.S. GAAP and on July 9, 2015, the FASB approved the one year deferral. The effective date of the amended standard will begin in periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on our consolidated financial statements. In June 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for share-based payments which requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. This update further clarifies that compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the standard is effective for us on January 1, 2016. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for intangibles related to internally developed software. The new guidance will assist entities in evaluating the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the standard is effective for us on January 1, 2016. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance which simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs. Under the new guidance, debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability will be presented in the consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability. The new guidance is effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the standard is effective for us on January 1, 2016. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Debt issuance costs are currently included on the consolidated balance sheets as an asset. In July 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance which simplifies the measurement of inventory. Under the new guidance, an entity should measure inventory (as defined within the scope of the guidance) at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The new guidance applies to all inventory except inventory measured using last-in, first-out (LIFO) or the retail inventory method. Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predicable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The new guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Accordingly, the standard is effective for us on January 1, 2017. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for the accounting for financial instruments. The amendments in this guidance require all equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income (other than those accounted for under equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee). The amendments in this guidance also require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. In addition the amendments in this guidance eliminate the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet for public business entities. The new guidance is effective for us for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

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