Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries that are majority-owned or otherwise controlled by the Company and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP, and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements and notes of the Company include its subsidiaries and other entities over which the Company has a controlling financial interest or where the Company is a primary beneficiary. The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in entities that it does not control if it is otherwise able to exert significant influence over the entities' operating and financial policies. Equity investments in entities over which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence and whose securities do not have a readily determinable fair value are carried at cost or cost net of other-than-temporary impairments. The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31 and unless otherwise noted, references to fiscal year or fiscal are for fiscal years ended March 31. The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 and the Company’s results of operations for fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021. Certain amounts reported in the Company's prior year consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. Accounting Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Areas of the consolidated financial statements where estimates may have the most significant effect include the provision for claimed indirect costs, valuation and expected lives of tangible and intangible assets, impairment of long-lived assets, accrued liabilities, revenue recognition, including the accrual of indirect costs, bonus and other incentive compensation, stock-based compensation, reserves for uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, provisions for income taxes, postretirement obligations, collectability of receivables, and loss accruals for litigation. Actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially from management's estimates. Revenue Recognition The Company's revenues from contracts with customers (clients) are derived from offerings that include management and technology consulting services, analytics, digital solutions, engineering, mission operations and cyber services, substantially all with the U.S. government and its agencies, and to a lesser extent, subcontractors. The Company also serves foreign governments, as well as domestic and international commercial clients. The Company performs and generates revenue under three basic types of contracts, as described below: •Cost-Reimbursable Contracts: Cost-reimbursable contracts provide for the payment of allowable costs incurred during performance of the contract, up to a ceiling based on the amount that has been funded, plus a fixed fee or award fee. •Time-and-Materials Contracts: Under contracts in this category, we are paid a fixed hourly rate for each direct labor hour expended, and we are reimbursed for billable material costs and billable out-of-pocket expenses inclusive of allocable indirect costs. We assume the financial risk on time-and-materials contracts because our costs of performance may exceed negotiated hourly rates. •Fixed-Price Contracts: Under a fixed-price contract, we agree to perform the specified work for a predetermined price. To the extent our actual direct and allocated indirect costs decrease or increase from the estimates upon which the price was negotiated, we will generate more or less profit, respectively, or could incur a loss. The Company considers a contract with a customer to exist under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), when there is approval and commitment from both the Company and the customer, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company also will consider whether two or more contracts entered into with the same customer should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. Furthermore, in certain transactions with commercial clients and with the U.S. government, the Company may commence providing services prior to receiving a formal approval from the customer. In these situations, the Company will consider the factors noted above, the risks associated with commencing the work and legal enforceability in determining whether a contract with the customer exists under Topic 606. Customer contracts are often modified to change the scope, price, specifications or other terms within the existing arrangement. Contract modifications are evaluated by management to determine whether the modification should be accounted for as part of the original performance obligation(s) or as a separate contract. If the modification adds distinct goods or services and increases the contract value proportionate to the stand-alone selling price of the additional goods or services, it will be accounted for as a separate contract. Generally, the Company’s contract modifications do not include goods or services which are distinct, and therefore are accounted for as part of the original performance obligation(s) with any impact on transaction price or estimated costs at completion being recorded as through a cumulative catch-up adjustment to revenue. The Company evaluates each service deliverable contracted with the customer to determine whether it represents promises to transfer distinct goods or services. Under Topic 606, these are referred to as performance obligations. One or more service deliverables often represent a single performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment and the impact of combining or separating performance obligations may change the time over which revenue from the contract is recognized. The Company’s contracts generally provide a set of integrated or highly interrelated tasks or services and are therefore accounted for as a single performance obligation. However, in cases where we provide more than one distinct good or service within a customer contract, the contract is separated into individual performance obligations which are accounted for discretely. The Company's performance obligations are typically satisfied over time and revenue is generally recognized using a cost-based input method. Fixed-price contracts are typically billed to the customer using milestone or fixed monthly payments, while cost-reimbursable-plus-fee and time-and-materials contracts are typically billed to the customer at periodic intervals (e.g. monthly or weekly) as indicated by the terms of the contract. Disparities between the timing of revenue recognition and customer billings and cash collections result in net contract assets or liabilities being recognized at the end of each reporting period. Contract assets primarily consist of unbilled receivables typically resulting from revenue recognized exceeding the amount billed to the customer and right to payment is not just subject to the passage of time. Unbilled amounts represent revenues for which billings have not yet been presented to customers. These amounts are generally billed and collected within one year subject to various conditions including, without limitation, appropriated and available funding. Long-term unbilled receivables not anticipated to be billed and collected within one year, which are primarily related to retainage, holdbacks, and long-term rate settlements to be billed at contract closeout, are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities primarily consist of advance payments, billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue. Contract assets and liabilities are reported on a net contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for an estimate of uncollectible receivables. Changes in contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily due to the timing difference between the Company’s performance of services and payments from customers. To determine revenue recognized from contract liabilities during the reporting periods, the Company allocates revenue to individual contract liability balances and applies revenue recognized during the reporting periods first to the beginning balances of contract liabilities until the revenue exceeds the balances. Contracts with the U.S. government are generally subject to the FAR and are priced based on estimated or actual costs of providing the goods or services. The Company derives a majority of its revenue from contracts awarded through a competitive bidding process. Pricing for non-U.S. government agencies and commercial customers is based on discrete negotiations with each customer. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that may increase or decrease the transaction price. These variable amounts generally are awarded upon achievement of certain performance metrics, program milestones or cost targets and may be based upon customer discretion. Management estimates variable consideration as the most likely amount that we expect to achieve based on our assessment of the variable fee provisions within the contract, prior experience with similar contracts or clients, and management’s evaluation of the performance on such contracts. The Company may perform work under a contract that has not been fully funded if the work has been authorized by management and the customer to proceed. The Company evaluates unfunded amounts as variable consideration in estimating the transaction price. We include the estimated variable consideration in our transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur upon the ultimate settlement of the variable fee provision. In the limited number of situations where our contracts with customers contain more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the transaction price of a contract between the performance obligations in the proportion to their respective stand-alone selling prices. The Company generally estimates the stand-alone selling price of performance obligations based on an expected cost-plus margin approach as allowed under Topic 606. Our U.S. government contracts generally contain FAR provisions that enable the customer to terminate a contract for default or for the convenience of the U.S. government. The Company recognizes revenue for each performance obligation identified within our customer contracts when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised goods or services. Revenue may either be recognized over time or at a point in time. The Company generally recognizes revenue over time as our contracts typically involve a continuous transfer of control to the customer. A continuous transfer of control under contracts with the U.S. government and its agencies is evidenced by clauses which require the Company to be paid for costs incurred plus a reasonable margin in the event that the customer unilaterally terminates the contract for convenience. For contracts where the Company recognizes revenue over time, a contract cost-based input method is generally used to measure progress towards satisfaction of the underlying performance obligation(s). Contract costs include direct costs such as materials, labor and subcontract costs, as well as indirect costs identifiable with, or allocable to, a specific contract that are expensed as incurred. The Company does not incur material incremental costs to acquire or fulfill contracts. Under a contract cost-based input method, revenue is recognized based on the proportion of contract costs incurred to the total estimated costs expected to be incurred upon completion of the underlying performance obligation. The Company generally includes both funded and unfunded portions of customer contracts in this estimation process. For interim financial reporting periods, contract revenue attributable to indirect costs is recognized based upon agreed-upon annual forward-pricing rates established with the U.S. government at the start of each fiscal year. Forward pricing rates are estimated and agreed upon between the Company and the U.S. government and represent indirect contract costs required to execute and administer contract obligations. The impact of any agreed-upon changes, or changes in the estimated annual forward-pricing rates, are recorded in the interim financial reporting period when such changes are identified. These changes relate to the interim financial reporting period differences between the actual indirect costs incurred and allocated to customer contracts compared to the estimated amounts allocated to contracts using the estimated annual forward-pricing rates established with the U.S. government. At the end of each fiscal year, estimated annual forward-pricing rates are adjusted to reported actual rates, with contract revenue attributable to indirect costs adjusted accordingly. These preliminary actual rates and their ultimate impact on contract revenue are subject to final audit and negotiation with the U.S. government, which may take place several years in the future. On certain contracts, principally time-and-materials and cost-reimbursable-plus-fee contracts, revenue is recognized using the right-to-invoice practical expedient as the Company is contractually able to invoice the customer based on the control transferred. However, we did not elect to use the practical expedient which would allow the Company to exclude contracts recognized using the right-to-invoice practical expedient from the remaining performance obligations disclosed below. Additionally, for stand-ready performance obligations to provide services under fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized over time using a straight-line measure of progress as the control of the services is provided to the customer ratably over the term of the contract. If a contract does not meet the criteria for recognition of revenue over time, we recognize revenue at the point in time when control of the good or service is transferred to the customer. Determining a measure of progress towards the satisfaction of performance obligations requires management to make judgments that may affect the timing of revenue recognition. Many of our contracts recognize revenue under a contract cost-based input method and require an Estimate-at-Completion (“EAC”) process, which management uses to review and monitor the progress towards the completion of our performance obligations. Under this process, management considers various inputs and assumptions related to the EAC, including, but not limited to, progress towards completion, labor costs and productivity, material and subcontractor costs, and identified risks. Estimating the total cost at completion of performance obligations is subjective and requires management to make assumptions about future activity and cost drivers under the contract. Changes in these estimates can occur for a variety of reasons and, if significant, may impact the profitability of the Company’s contracts. Changes in estimates related to contracts accounted for under the EAC process are recognized in the period when such changes are made on a cumulative catch-up basis. If the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on a contract, the Company recognizes the total loss at the time it is identified. For fiscal 2023, 2022 and 2021, the aggregate impact of adjustments in contract estimates was not material. Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of exercised contracts for which work has not yet been performed, irrespective of whether funding has or has not been authorized and appropriated as of the date of exercise. Remaining performance obligations exclude negotiated but unexercised options, the unfunded value of expired contracts, and certain variable consideration which the Company does not expect to recognize as revenue. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include unrestricted cash accounts and highly liquid investments that have a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company’s cash equivalents consist primarily of government money market funds and money market deposit accounts. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in bank accounts that, at times, exceed the federally insured FDIC limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. Valuation of Accounts Receivable The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts against certain accounts receivables based upon the latest information regarding whether specific charges are recoverable or invoices are ultimately collectible. Assessing the recoverability of charges and collectability of customer receivables requires management judgment. The Company determines its allowance for doubtful accounts by specifically analyzing individual accounts receivable, historical bad debts, customer credit-worthiness, current economic conditions, accounts receivable aging trends for billed receivables, availability of funding, compliance with contractual terms and conditions, client satisfaction with work performed, and other factors impacting accounts receivables. Valuation reserves are periodically re-evaluated and adjusted as more information about the ultimate recoverability and collectability of accounts receivable becomes available. Upon determination that a receivable is uncollectible, the receivable balance and any associated reserve are written off. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash equivalents are generally invested in U.S. government money market funds and money market deposit accounts. The Company believes that credit risk for accounts receivable is limited as the receivables are primarily with the U.S. government. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost, and the balances are presented net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Furniture and equipment is depreciated over five to ten years, and computer equipment is depreciated over four years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the lease term. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Business Combinations The accounting for the Company’s business combinations consists of allocating the purchase price to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values, with the excess recorded as goodwill. The Company has up to one year from the acquisition date to use information as of each acquisition date to adjust the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities which may result in material changes to their recorded values with an offsetting adjustment to goodwill. Intangible Assets Intangible assets primarily consist of programs and contracts assets, channel relationships, the Company's trade name, customer relationships, software and other amortizable intangible assets. The Company capitalizes the following costs associated with developing internal-use computer software pertaining to upgrades in our business and financial systems: (i) external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use computer software and (ii) certain payroll and payroll-related costs for Company employees who are directly associated with the development of internal-use software, to the extent of the time spent directly on the project. Programs and contract assets, channel relationships, and other amortizable intangible assets are generally amortized on an accelerated basis over the expected life based on projected future cash flows of approximately two to fourteen years. Software purchased or developed for internal use is amortized over one to ten years. The Company's trade name intangible asset is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on at least an annual basis as of January 1 and more frequently if interim indicators of impairment exist. The trade name is considered to be impaired if the carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company uses the relief from royalty method to estimate the fair value. The fair value of the asset is the present value of the license fees avoided by owning the asset, or the royalty savings. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any impairment of intangible assets. Goodwill The Company assesses goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis on January 1 unless interim indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company operates as a single operating segment and as a single reporting unit for the purpose of evaluating goodwill. As of January 1, 2023, the Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill by comparing the fair value of the Company (based on market capitalization) to the carrying value of the Company's net equity, and concluded that the fair value of the reporting unit was significantly greater than the carrying amount. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any impairment of goodwill. Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, amortizable intangible assets, and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any material impairment charges. Leases At contract inception, the Company determines whether the contract is, or contains, a lease, which exists when the contract conveys the right to control the use of identified property or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating lease balances are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheet. Cash payments arising from operating leases are classified within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no finance leases. The Company's leases are generally for facilities and office space and the Company recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date for those arrangements. The initial lease liability is equal to the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. The initial measurement of the ROU asset is equal to the initial lease liability plus any initial direct costs and prepaid lease payments, less any lease incentives. At the lease commencement date, the Company estimates its collateralized incremental borrowing rate based on publicly available yields adjusted for Company-specific considerations and the Company's varying lease terms in determining the present value of future payments. Certain of the Company’s leases contain options to renew or to terminate the lease which are included in the determination of the ROU assets and lease liabilities when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company's leases may also include variable lease payments, such as an escalation clause based on consumer price index rates, maintenance costs, and utilities. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate are included in the determination of ROU assets and lease liabilities using the index or rate at the lease commencement date, whereas variable lease-related payments that do not depend on an index or rate are recorded as lease expense in the period incurred. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment in a manner consistent with the treatment of other long-lived assets. As permitted under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“Topic 842”), the Company elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less; lease expense from these leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As further permitted under Topic 842, for all material classes of leased assets, the Company elected to not separate lease components from non-lease components, and instead account for both components as a single lease component. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any lease agreements with residual value guarantees or material restrictions or covenants. Income Taxes The Company provides for income taxes as a “C” corporation on income earned from operations. The Company is subject to federal, state, and foreign taxation in various jurisdictions. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded to recognize the expected future tax benefits or costs of events that have been, or will be, reported in different years for financial statement purposes than for tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on the difference between the consolidated financial statement carrying amount and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates and laws for the years in which these items are expected to reverse. If management determines that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset is not “more likely than not” to be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the income tax provision to reduce the deferred tax asset to an appropriate level in that period. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all positive and negative evidence, including historical earnings, projected future taxable income, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, taxable income in prior carryback periods, and prudent, feasible tax-planning strategies. The Company periodically assesses its tax positions for all periods open to examination by tax authorities based on the latest available information. Those positions are evaluated to determine whether they will more likely than not be sustained upon examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or other taxing authorities. The Company reserves for these uncertain tax positions related to unrecognized income tax benefits where it is not more likely than not that the Company’s tax position will be sustained on examination and settlement with the various taxing authorities. Liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are measured based on the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. These unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as a component of income tax expense. As uncertain tax positions in periods open to examination are closed out, or as new information becomes available, the resulting change is reflected in the recorded liability and income tax expense. Penalties and interest recognized related to the reserves for uncertain tax positions are recorded as a component of income tax expense. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, and is presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 consisted of net unrealized losses on the Company’s defined and postretirement benefit plans and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation to employees is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on the grant date fair values with the expense for time vested awards recognized on an accelerated basis over the vesting period. The Company estimates forfeitures anticipated to occur during the vesting period for the purposes of recognizing costs associated with stock-based compensation. The expense for performance awards is estimated at each reporting date using management's expectation of the probable achievement of the specified performance criteria and is recognized straight line over the vesting period. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of its option awards at the time of grant. Defined Contribution Plan and Other Post-Retirement Benefits The Company recognizes the underfunded status of defined contribution plans and other post-retirement benefits on the consolidated balance sheets within other long-term liabilities. Gains and losses, and prior service costs and credits that have not yet been recognized through net periodic benefit cost are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effects, and will be amortized as a component of net periodic cost in future periods. The measurement date, the date at which the benefit obligations are measured, is the Company’s fiscal year-end. Self-Funded Medical Plans The Company maintains self-funded medical insurance. Self-funded plans include Consumer Driven Health Plans with a Health Savings Account option and traditional choice plans. Further, self-funded plans also include prescription drug and dental benefits. The Company records an incurred but unreported claim liability in the accrued compensation and benefits line of the consolidated balance sheets for self-funded plans based on an actuarial valuation. The estimate of the incurred but unreported claim liability was provided by a third-party valuation firm, primarily based on claims and participant data for the medical, dental, and pharmacy related costs. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the asset or liability would transact, and if necessary, considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The accounting standard for fair value measurements establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets (“Level 1”); inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly (“Level 2”); and unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the Company to develop its own assumptions (“Level 3”). A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 805”), which amends the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination to address recognition of an acquired contract liability and payment terms, and their effect on subsequent revenue recognized by the acquirer. Topic 805 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022 on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the requirements of Topic 805 to apply the amendments prospectively to all business combinations that occurred on or after April 1, 2022. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“Topic 848”). The guidance is intended to provide relief for entities impacted by reference rate reform. Topic 848 contains provisions and optional accounting expedients designed to simplify requirements around the designation of hedging relationships, probability assessments of hedged forecasted transactions, and accounting for modifications of contracts that refer to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or other rates affected by reference rate reform. The guidance is elective and is effective on the date of issuance. Topic 848 is applied prospectively to contract modifications and as of the effective date for existing and new eligible hedging relationships. The Company has elected to apply the hedge accounting practical expedient related to the probability of hedged future LIBOR-indexed cash flows and continued its quantitative method of assessing subsequent hedge effectiveness in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. Further, during the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, the Company transitioned its term loans from LIBOR-indexed interest payments to Term SOFR-indexed interest payments in connection with the Ninth Amendment of the Credit Agreement. For its interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, the Company elected to apply certain of the accounting expedients to assume that the reference rates, which hedged forecasted transactions will be based on, match the LIBOR-indexed rates used in the Company's interest rate swaps consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of Topic 848 and may apply other elections, as applicable. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and disclosures. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted Other recent accounting pronouncements issued during fiscal 2023 and through the filing date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's present or historical consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries that are majority-owned or otherwise controlled by the Company and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP, and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The consolidated financial statements and notes of the Company include its subsidiaries and other entities over which the Company has a controlling financial interest or where the Company is a primary beneficiary. The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in entities that it does not control if it is otherwise able to exert significant influence over the entities' operating and financial policies. Equity investments in entities over which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence and whose securities do not have a readily determinable fair value are carried at cost or cost net of other-than-temporary impairments.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Areas of the consolidated financial statements where estimates may have the most significant effect include the provision for claimed indirect costs, valuation and expected lives of tangible and intangible assets, impairment of long-lived assets, accrued liabilities, revenue recognition, including the accrual of indirect costs, bonus and other incentive compensation, stock-based compensation, reserves for uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, provisions for income taxes, postretirement obligations, collectability of receivables, and loss accruals for litigation. Actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially from management's estimates.

The Company's revenues from contracts with customers (clients) are derived from offerings that include management and technology consulting services, analytics, digital solutions, engineering, mission operations and cyber services, substantially all with the U.S. government and its agencies, and to a lesser extent, subcontractors. The Company also serves foreign governments, as well as domestic and international commercial clients. The Company performs and generates revenue under three basic types of contracts, as described below:

The Company considers a contract with a customer to exist under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), when there is approval and commitment from both the Company and the customer, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company also will consider whether two or more contracts entered into with the same customer should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. Furthermore, in certain transactions with commercial clients and with the U.S. government, the Company may commence providing services prior to receiving a formal approval from the customer. In these situations, the Company will consider the factors noted above, the risks associated with commencing the work and legal enforceability in determining whether a contract with the customer exists under Topic 606.

Customer contracts are often modified to change the scope, price, specifications or other terms within the existing arrangement. Contract modifications are evaluated by management to determine whether the modification should be accounted for as part of the original performance obligation(s) or as a separate contract. If the modification adds distinct goods or services and increases the contract value proportionate to the stand-alone selling price of the additional goods or services, it will be accounted for as a separate contract. Generally, the Company’s contract modifications do not include goods or services which are distinct, and therefore are accounted for as part of the original performance obligation(s) with any impact on transaction price or estimated costs at completion being recorded as through a cumulative catch-up adjustment to revenue.

The Company evaluates each service deliverable contracted with the customer to determine whether it represents promises to transfer distinct goods or services. Under Topic 606, these are referred to as performance obligations. One or more service deliverables often represent a single performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment and the impact of combining or separating performance obligations may change the time over which revenue from the contract is recognized. The Company’s contracts generally provide a set of integrated or highly interrelated tasks or services and are therefore accounted for as a single performance obligation. However, in cases where we provide more than one distinct good or service within a customer contract, the contract is separated into individual performance obligations which are accounted for discretely.

The Company's performance obligations are typically satisfied over time and revenue is generally recognized using a cost-based input method. Fixed-price contracts are typically billed to the customer using milestone or fixed monthly payments, while cost-reimbursable-plus-fee and time-and-materials contracts are typically billed to the customer at periodic intervals (e.g. monthly or weekly) as indicated by the terms of the contract. Disparities between the timing of revenue recognition and customer billings and cash collections result in net contract assets or liabilities being recognized at the end of each reporting period.

Contract assets primarily consist of unbilled receivables typically resulting from revenue recognized exceeding the amount billed to the customer and right to payment is not just subject to the passage of time. Unbilled amounts represent revenues for which billings have not yet been presented to customers. These amounts are generally billed and collected within one year subject to various conditions including, without limitation, appropriated and available funding. Long-term unbilled receivables not anticipated to be billed and collected within one year, which are primarily related to retainage, holdbacks, and long-term rate settlements to be billed at contract closeout, are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities primarily consist of advance payments, billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue. Contract assets and liabilities are reported on a net contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for an estimate of uncollectible receivables.

Changes in contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily due to the timing difference between the Company’s performance of services and payments from customers. To determine revenue recognized from contract liabilities during the reporting periods, the Company allocates revenue to individual contract liability balances and applies revenue recognized during the reporting periods first to the beginning balances of contract liabilities until the revenue exceeds the balances.

Contracts with the U.S. government are generally subject to the FAR and are priced based on estimated or actual costs of providing the goods or services. The Company derives a majority of its revenue from contracts awarded through a competitive bidding process. Pricing for non-U.S. government agencies and commercial customers is based on discrete negotiations with each customer. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that may increase or decrease the transaction price. These variable amounts generally are awarded upon achievement of certain performance metrics, program milestones or cost targets and may be based upon customer discretion. Management estimates variable consideration as the most likely amount that we expect to achieve based on our assessment of the variable fee provisions within the contract, prior experience with similar contracts or clients, and management’s evaluation of the performance on such contracts. The Company may perform work under a contract that has not been fully funded if the work has been authorized by management and the customer to proceed. The Company evaluates unfunded amounts as variable consideration in estimating the transaction price. We include the estimated variable consideration in our transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur upon the ultimate settlement of the variable fee provision. In the limited number of situations where our contracts with customers contain more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the transaction price of a contract between the performance obligations in the proportion to their respective stand-alone selling prices. The Company generally estimates the stand-alone selling price of performance obligations based on an expected cost-plus margin approach as allowed under Topic 606. Our U.S. government contracts generally contain FAR provisions that enable the customer to terminate a contract for default or for the convenience of the U.S. government.

The Company recognizes revenue for each performance obligation identified within our customer contracts when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised goods or services. Revenue may either be recognized over time or at a point in time. The Company generally recognizes revenue over time as our contracts typically involve a continuous transfer of control to the customer. A continuous transfer of control under contracts with the U.S. government and its agencies is evidenced by clauses which require the Company to be paid for costs incurred plus a reasonable margin in the event that the customer unilaterally terminates the contract for convenience. For contracts where the Company recognizes revenue over time, a contract cost-based input method is generally used to measure progress towards satisfaction of the underlying performance obligation(s). Contract costs include direct costs such as materials, labor and subcontract costs, as well as indirect costs identifiable with, or allocable to, a specific contract that are expensed as incurred. The Company does not incur material incremental costs to acquire or fulfill contracts. Under a contract cost-based input method, revenue is recognized based on the proportion of contract costs incurred to the total estimated costs expected to be incurred upon completion of the underlying performance obligation. The Company generally includes both funded and unfunded portions of customer contracts in this estimation process.

For interim financial reporting periods, contract revenue attributable to indirect costs is recognized based upon agreed-upon annual forward-pricing rates established with the U.S. government at the start of each fiscal year. Forward pricing rates are estimated and agreed upon between the Company and the U.S. government and represent indirect contract costs required to execute and administer contract obligations. The impact of any agreed-upon changes, or changes in the estimated annual forward-pricing rates, are recorded in the interim financial reporting period when such changes are identified. These changes relate to the interim financial reporting period differences between the actual indirect costs incurred and allocated to customer contracts compared to the estimated amounts allocated to contracts using the estimated annual forward-pricing rates established with the U.S. government. At the end of each fiscal year, estimated annual forward-pricing rates are adjusted to reported actual rates, with contract revenue attributable to indirect costs adjusted accordingly. These preliminary actual rates and their ultimate impact on contract revenue are subject to final audit and negotiation with the U.S. government, which may take place several years in the future.

On certain contracts, principally time-and-materials and cost-reimbursable-plus-fee contracts, revenue is recognized using the right-to-invoice practical expedient as the Company is contractually able to invoice the customer based on the control transferred. However, we did not elect to use the practical expedient which would allow the Company to exclude contracts recognized using the right-to-invoice practical expedient from the remaining performance obligations disclosed below. Additionally, for stand-ready performance obligations to provide services under fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized over time using a straight-line measure of progress as the control of the services is provided to the customer ratably over the term of the contract. If a contract does not meet the criteria for recognition of revenue over time, we recognize revenue at the point in time when control of the good or service is transferred to the customer. Determining a measure of progress towards the satisfaction of performance obligations requires management to make judgments that may affect the timing of revenue recognition.

Many of our contracts recognize revenue under a contract cost-based input method and require an Estimate-at-Completion (“EAC”) process, which management uses to review and monitor the progress towards the completion of our performance obligations. Under this process, management considers various inputs and assumptions related to the EAC, including, but not limited to, progress towards completion, labor costs and productivity, material and subcontractor costs, and identified risks. Estimating the total cost at completion of performance obligations is subjective and requires management to make assumptions about future activity and cost drivers under the contract. Changes in these estimates can occur for a variety of reasons and, if significant, may impact the profitability of the Company’s contracts. Changes in estimates related to contracts accounted for under the EAC process are recognized in the period when such changes are made on a cumulative catch-up basis. If the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on a contract, the Company recognizes the total loss at the time it is identified. For fiscal 2023, 2022 and 2021, the aggregate impact of adjustments in contract estimates was not material.

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of exercised contracts for which work has not yet been performed, irrespective of whether funding has or has not been authorized and appropriated as of the date of exercise. Remaining performance obligations exclude negotiated but unexercised options, the unfunded value of expired contracts, and certain variable consideration which the Company does not expect to recognize as revenue.

Cash and cash equivalents include unrestricted cash accounts and highly liquid investments that have a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company’s cash equivalents consist primarily of government money market funds and money market deposit accounts. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in bank accounts that, at times, exceed the federally insured FDIC limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts against certain accounts receivables based upon the latest information regarding whether specific charges are recoverable or invoices are ultimately collectible. Assessing the recoverability of charges and collectability of customer receivables requires management judgment. The Company determines its allowance for doubtful accounts by specifically analyzing individual accounts receivable, historical bad debts, customer credit-worthiness, current economic conditions, accounts receivable aging trends for billed receivables, availability of funding, compliance with contractual terms and conditions, client satisfaction with work performed, and other factors impacting accounts receivables. Valuation reserves are periodically re-evaluated and adjusted as more information about the ultimate recoverability and collectability of accounts receivable becomes available. Upon determination that a receivable is uncollectible, the receivable balance and any associated reserve are written off.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash equivalents are generally invested in U.S. government money market funds and money market deposit accounts. The Company believes that credit risk for accounts receivable is limited as the receivables are primarily with the U.S. government.

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, and the balances are presented net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Furniture and equipment is depreciated over five to ten years, and computer equipment is depreciated over four years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the lease term. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.

The accounting for the Company’s business combinations consists of allocating the purchase price to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values, with the excess recorded as goodwill. The Company has up to one year from the acquisition date to use information as of each acquisition date to adjust the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities which may result in material changes to their recorded values with an offsetting adjustment to goodwill.

Intangible assets primarily consist of programs and contracts assets, channel relationships, the Company's trade name, customer relationships, software and other amortizable intangible assets. The Company capitalizes the following costs associated with developing internal-use computer software pertaining to upgrades in our business and financial systems: (i) external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use computer software and (ii) certain payroll and payroll-related costs for Company employees who are directly associated with the development of internal-use software, to the extent of the time spent directly on the project. Programs and contract assets, channel relationships, and other amortizable intangible assets are generally amortized on an accelerated basis over the expected life based on projected future cash flows of approximately two to fourteen years. Software purchased or developed for internal use is amortized over one to ten years. The Company's trade name intangible asset is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on at least an annual basis as of January 1 and more frequently if interim indicators of impairment exist. The trade name is considered to be impaired if the carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company uses the relief from royalty method to estimate the fair value. The fair value of the asset is the present value of the license fees avoided by owning the asset, or the royalty savings. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any impairment of intangible assets.

The Company assesses goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis on January 1 unless interim indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company operates as a single operating segment and as a single reporting unit for the purpose of evaluating goodwill. As of January 1, 2023, the Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill by comparing the fair value of the Company (based on market capitalization) to the carrying value of the Company's net equity, and concluded that the fair value of the reporting unit was significantly greater than the carrying amount. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any impairment of goodwill.

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, amortizable intangible assets, and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company did not record any material impairment charges.

At contract inception, the Company determines whether the contract is, or contains, a lease, which exists when the contract conveys the right to control the use of identified property or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating lease balances are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheet. Cash payments arising from operating leases are classified within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no finance leases.

The Company's leases are generally for facilities and office space and the Company recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date for those arrangements. The initial lease liability is equal to the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. The initial measurement of the ROU asset is equal to the initial lease liability plus any initial direct costs and prepaid lease payments, less any lease incentives. At the lease commencement date, the Company estimates its collateralized incremental borrowing rate based on publicly available yields adjusted for Company-specific considerations and the Company's varying lease terms in determining the present value of future payments. Certain of the Company’s leases contain options to renew or to terminate the lease which are included in the determination of the ROU assets and lease liabilities when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company's leases may also include variable lease payments, such as an escalation clause based on consumer price index rates, maintenance costs, and utilities. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate are included in the determination of ROU assets and lease liabilities using the index or rate at the lease commencement date, whereas variable lease-related payments that do not depend on an index or rate are recorded as lease expense in the period incurred. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment in a manner consistent with the treatment of other long-lived assets.

As permitted under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“Topic 842”), the Company elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less; lease expense from these leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As further permitted under Topic 842, for all material classes of leased assets, the Company elected to not separate lease components from non-lease components, and instead account for both components as a single lease component. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any lease agreements with residual value guarantees or material restrictions or covenants.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded to recognize the expected future tax benefits or costs of events that have been, or will be, reported in different years for financial statement purposes than for tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on the difference between the consolidated financial statement carrying amount and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates and laws for the years in which these items are expected to reverse. If management determines that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset is not “more likely than not” to be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the income tax provision to reduce the deferred tax asset to an appropriate level in that period. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all positive and negative evidence, including historical earnings, projected future taxable income, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, taxable income in prior carryback periods, and prudent, feasible tax-planning strategies.

The Company periodically assesses its tax positions for all periods open to examination by tax authorities based on the latest available information. Those positions are evaluated to determine whether they will more likely than not be sustained upon examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or other taxing authorities. The Company reserves for these uncertain tax positions related to unrecognized income tax benefits where it is not more likely than not that the Company’s tax position will be sustained on examination and settlement with the various taxing authorities. Liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are measured based on the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. These unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as a component of income tax expense. As uncertain tax positions in periods open to examination are closed out, or as new information becomes available, the resulting change is reflected in the recorded liability and income tax expense. Penalties and interest recognized related to the reserves for uncertain tax positions are recorded as a component of income tax expense.

Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, and is presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 consisted of net unrealized losses on the Company’s defined and postretirement benefit plans and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges.

Stock-based compensation to employees is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on the grant date fair values with the expense for time vested awards recognized on an accelerated basis over the vesting period. The Company estimates forfeitures anticipated to occur during the vesting period for the purposes of recognizing costs associated with stock-based compensation. The expense for performance awards is estimated at each reporting date using management's expectation of the probable achievement of the specified performance criteria and is recognized straight line over the vesting period. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of its option awards at the time of grant.

The Company recognizes the underfunded status of defined contribution plans and other post-retirement benefits on the consolidated balance sheets within other long-term liabilities. Gains and losses, and prior service costs and credits that have not yet been recognized through net periodic benefit cost are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effects, and will be amortized as a component of net periodic cost in future periods. The measurement date, the date at which the benefit obligations are measured, is the Company’s fiscal year-end.

The Company maintains self-funded medical insurance. Self-funded plans include Consumer Driven Health Plans with a Health Savings Account option and traditional choice plans. Further, self-funded plans also include prescription drug and dental benefits. The Company records an incurred but unreported claim liability in the accrued compensation and benefits line of the consolidated balance sheets for self-funded plans based on an actuarial valuation. The estimate of the incurred but unreported claim liability was provided by a third-party valuation firm, primarily based on claims and participant data for the medical, dental, and pharmacy related costs.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the asset or liability would transact, and if necessary, considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

The accounting standard for fair value measurements establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets (“Level 1”); inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly (“Level 2”); and unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the Company to develop its own assumptions (“Level 3”). A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 805”), which amends the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination to address recognition of an acquired contract liability and payment terms, and their effect on subsequent revenue recognized by the acquirer. Topic 805 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022 on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the requirements of Topic 805 to apply the amendments prospectively to all business combinations that occurred on or after April 1, 2022.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“Topic 848”). The guidance is intended to provide relief for entities impacted by reference rate reform. Topic 848 contains provisions and optional accounting expedients designed to simplify requirements around the designation of hedging relationships, probability assessments of hedged forecasted transactions, and accounting for modifications of contracts that refer to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or other rates affected by reference rate reform. The guidance is elective and is effective on the date of issuance. Topic 848 is applied prospectively to contract modifications and as of the effective date for existing and new eligible hedging relationships. The Company has elected to apply the hedge accounting practical expedient related to the probability of hedged future LIBOR-indexed cash flows and continued its quantitative method of assessing subsequent hedge effectiveness in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. Further, during the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, the Company transitioned its term loans from LIBOR-indexed interest payments to Term SOFR-indexed interest payments in connection with the Ninth Amendment of the Credit Agreement. For its interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, the Company elected to apply certain of the accounting expedients to assume that the reference rates, which hedged forecasted transactions will be based on, match the LIBOR-indexed rates used in the Company's interest rate swaps consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of Topic 848 and may apply other elections, as applicable. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.