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Income Taxes - Reconciliation and Deferred Tax Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Examination [Line Items] |  |  |
Income before tax | $ 902 | $ 755 | $ 1,006
Partnership earnings not subject to current Canadian tax | (756) | (723) | (773)
Partnership earnings subject to current Canadian tax | $ 146 | $ 32 | $ 233
Canadian federal and provincial corporate tax rate | 27.00% | 27.00% | 26.00%
Income tax at statutory rate | $ 39 | $ 8 | $ 61
Canadian withholding tax | 2 | 13 | 14
Canadian permanent differences and rate changes | 2 | 2 | 24
State income tax | 1 | 2 | 1
Total income tax expense | 44 | 25 | $ 100
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Derivative instruments | 74 | 49 |
Book accruals in excess of current tax deductions | 22 | 24 |
Net operating losses | 3 | 4 |
Total deferred tax assets | 99 | 77 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Property and equipment in excess of tax values | (455) | (394) |
Other | (50) | (41) |
Total deferred tax liabilities | (505) | (435) |
Net deferred tax liabilities | (406) | (358) |
Other long-term assets, net |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Net deferred tax assets | 3 | 4 |
Other long-term liabilities and deferred credits |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Net deferred tax liabilities | $ (409) | $ (362) |

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