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Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

Lessee

On January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842, Leases, using the optional transitional method, thereby applying the new guidance at the effective date, without adjusting the comparative periods. Therefore, results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC Topic 840, Leases (“Topic 840”). We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to us the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. We lease certain property and equipment under noncancelable and cancelable operating and finance leases. Our operating leases primarily relate to railcars, office space, land, vehicles, and storage tanks, and our finance leases primarily relate to tractor trailers, land, storage tanks and vehicles. One of our finance leases is for storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest. For leases with an initial term of greater than 12 months, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our lease agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from one year to approximately 60 years. When applicable, this range includes additional terms associated with leases for which we are reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew and such renewal options are recognized as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We have renewal options for leases with terms ranging from one year to 40 years that are not recognized as part of our right-of-use assets or lease liabilities as we have determined we are not reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew.

Certain of our leases have variable lease payments, many of which are based on changes in market indices such as the Consumer Price Index. Our lease agreements for our tractor trailers contain residual value guarantees equal to the fair market value of the tractor trailers at the end of the lease term in the event that we elect not to purchase the asset for an amount equal to the fair value. Our lease agreements do not contain any material restrictive covenants.

For determining the present value of lease payments, we use the discount rate implicit in the lease when readily determinable; however, such rate is not readily determinable for most of our leases. For those leases for which the discount rate is not readily determinable, we utilize incremental borrowing rates that reflect collateralized borrowing with payments and terms that mirror our lease portfolio to discount the lease payments based on information available at the lease commencement date.

The following table presents components of lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2019, including both amounts recognized in income and amounts capitalized (in millions):

Lease Cost						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Operating lease cost						$	125
Short-term lease cost						35
Other (1)						—
Total lease cost						$	160

⁽¹⁾Includes less than $1 million of net immaterial finance lease costs, variable lease costs and sublease income.

Lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, accounted for in accordance with Topic 840, was $199 million and $207 million, respectively.

The following table presents information related to cash flows arising from lease transactions (in millions):

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases						$	116
Financing cash flows for finance leases						$	18
Non-cash change in lease liabilities arising from obtaining new right-of-use assets or modifications:
Operating leases						$	77
Finance leases (1)						$	27

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

Information related to the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate is presented in the table below:

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):
Operating leases						11
Finance leases						6
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases						4.4		%
Finance leases						7.1		%

The following table presents the amount and location of our operating and finance lease right-of-use assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):

Leases						Balance Sheet Location						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets						Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets, net						$	466
Finance lease right-of-use assets (1)						Property and equipment						$	124
						Accumulated depreciation						(16)
						Property and equipment, net						$	108
Total lease right-of-use assets												$	574
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Current						Other current liabilities						$	94
Noncurrent						Long-term operating lease liabilities						387
Total operating lease liabilities												$	481
Finance lease liabilities (1)
Current						Short-term debt						$	18
Noncurrent						Other long-term debt, net						49
Total finance lease liabilities												$	67
Total lease liabilities												$	548

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

The following table presents the maturity of undiscounted cash flows for future minimum lease payments under noncancelable leases as of December 31, 2019 reconciled to our lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (amounts in millions):

			Operating						Finance (2)
Future minimum lease payments (1):
2020			$	109					$	21
2021			87						12
2022			79						12
2023			60						9
2024			48						9
Thereafter			279						29
Total			662						92
Less: Present value discount			(181)						(25)
Lease liabilities			$	481					$	67

⁽¹⁾Excludes future minimum payments for short-term and other immaterial leases not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

⁽²⁾Includes payments of approximately $2 million for each of the years ending 2020 through 2024 and approximately $23 million thereafter associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

We have entered into a lease that had not yet commenced as of December 31, 2019 with future minimum lease payments totaling approximately $66 million. This lease will be classified as a finance lease, is for crude oil storage tanks owned by an equity method investee in which we own a 50% interest, has a lease term of 16 years and will commence in April 2020.

Lessor

We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to others the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. Significant judgment is required when determining whether a customer obtains the right to direct the use of identified property or equipment. The underlying assets associated with these agreements are evaluated for future use beyond the lease term.

Our Facilities and Transportation segments enter into agreements to conduct fee-based activities associated with (i) providing storage services primarily for crude oil, NGL and natural gas and (ii) transporting crude oil and NGL. Certain of these agreements convey counterparties the right to direct the operation of physically distinct assets. Such agreements include (i) fixed consideration, which is measured based on an available capacity during the period multiplied by the rate in the agreement, or (ii) a fixed monthly fee and variable consideration based on usage. These agreements often include options to extend or terminate the lease, with advance notice. These agreements are operating leases under Topic 842. For the year ended December 31, 2019, our lease revenue was not material.

The table below presents the maturity of lease payments for operating lease agreements in effect as of December 31, 2019. This presentation includes minimum fixed lease payments and does not include an estimate of variable lease consideration. These agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from two years to 22 years. The following table presents the undiscounted cash flows expected to be received related to these agreements (in millions):

			2020						2021						2022						2023						2024						Thereafter
Lease revenue			$	19					$	22					$	25					$	21					$	17					$	208

Leases

Leases

Lessee

On January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842, Leases, using the optional transitional method, thereby applying the new guidance at the effective date, without adjusting the comparative periods. Therefore, results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC Topic 840, Leases (“Topic 840”). We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to us the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. We lease certain property and equipment under noncancelable and cancelable operating and finance leases. Our operating leases primarily relate to railcars, office space, land, vehicles, and storage tanks, and our finance leases primarily relate to tractor trailers, land, storage tanks and vehicles. One of our finance leases is for storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest. For leases with an initial term of greater than 12 months, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our lease agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from one year to approximately 60 years. When applicable, this range includes additional terms associated with leases for which we are reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew and such renewal options are recognized as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We have renewal options for leases with terms ranging from one year to 40 years that are not recognized as part of our right-of-use assets or lease liabilities as we have determined we are not reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew.

Certain of our leases have variable lease payments, many of which are based on changes in market indices such as the Consumer Price Index. Our lease agreements for our tractor trailers contain residual value guarantees equal to the fair market value of the tractor trailers at the end of the lease term in the event that we elect not to purchase the asset for an amount equal to the fair value. Our lease agreements do not contain any material restrictive covenants.

For determining the present value of lease payments, we use the discount rate implicit in the lease when readily determinable; however, such rate is not readily determinable for most of our leases. For those leases for which the discount rate is not readily determinable, we utilize incremental borrowing rates that reflect collateralized borrowing with payments and terms that mirror our lease portfolio to discount the lease payments based on information available at the lease commencement date.

The following table presents components of lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2019, including both amounts recognized in income and amounts capitalized (in millions):

Lease Cost						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Operating lease cost						$	125
Short-term lease cost						35
Other (1)						—
Total lease cost						$	160

⁽¹⁾Includes less than $1 million of net immaterial finance lease costs, variable lease costs and sublease income.

Lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, accounted for in accordance with Topic 840, was $199 million and $207 million, respectively.

The following table presents information related to cash flows arising from lease transactions (in millions):

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases						$	116
Financing cash flows for finance leases						$	18
Non-cash change in lease liabilities arising from obtaining new right-of-use assets or modifications:
Operating leases						$	77
Finance leases (1)						$	27

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

Information related to the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate is presented in the table below:

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):
Operating leases						11
Finance leases						6
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases						4.4		%
Finance leases						7.1		%

The following table presents the amount and location of our operating and finance lease right-of-use assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):

Leases						Balance Sheet Location						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets						Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets, net						$	466
Finance lease right-of-use assets (1)						Property and equipment						$	124
						Accumulated depreciation						(16)
						Property and equipment, net						$	108
Total lease right-of-use assets												$	574
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Current						Other current liabilities						$	94
Noncurrent						Long-term operating lease liabilities						387
Total operating lease liabilities												$	481
Finance lease liabilities (1)
Current						Short-term debt						$	18
Noncurrent						Other long-term debt, net						49
Total finance lease liabilities												$	67
Total lease liabilities												$	548

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

The following table presents the maturity of undiscounted cash flows for future minimum lease payments under noncancelable leases as of December 31, 2019 reconciled to our lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (amounts in millions):

			Operating						Finance (2)
Future minimum lease payments (1):
2020			$	109					$	21
2021			87						12
2022			79						12
2023			60						9
2024			48						9
Thereafter			279						29
Total			662						92
Less: Present value discount			(181)						(25)
Lease liabilities			$	481					$	67

⁽¹⁾Excludes future minimum payments for short-term and other immaterial leases not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

⁽²⁾Includes payments of approximately $2 million for each of the years ending 2020 through 2024 and approximately $23 million thereafter associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

We have entered into a lease that had not yet commenced as of December 31, 2019 with future minimum lease payments totaling approximately $66 million. This lease will be classified as a finance lease, is for crude oil storage tanks owned by an equity method investee in which we own a 50% interest, has a lease term of 16 years and will commence in April 2020.

Lessor

We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to others the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. Significant judgment is required when determining whether a customer obtains the right to direct the use of identified property or equipment. The underlying assets associated with these agreements are evaluated for future use beyond the lease term.

Our Facilities and Transportation segments enter into agreements to conduct fee-based activities associated with (i) providing storage services primarily for crude oil, NGL and natural gas and (ii) transporting crude oil and NGL. Certain of these agreements convey counterparties the right to direct the operation of physically distinct assets. Such agreements include (i) fixed consideration, which is measured based on an available capacity during the period multiplied by the rate in the agreement, or (ii) a fixed monthly fee and variable consideration based on usage. These agreements often include options to extend or terminate the lease, with advance notice. These agreements are operating leases under Topic 842. For the year ended December 31, 2019, our lease revenue was not material.

The table below presents the maturity of lease payments for operating lease agreements in effect as of December 31, 2019. This presentation includes minimum fixed lease payments and does not include an estimate of variable lease consideration. These agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from two years to 22 years. The following table presents the undiscounted cash flows expected to be received related to these agreements (in millions):

			2020						2021						2022						2023						2024						Thereafter
Lease revenue			$	19					$	22					$	25					$	21					$	17					$	208

Leases

Leases

Lessee

On January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842, Leases, using the optional transitional method, thereby applying the new guidance at the effective date, without adjusting the comparative periods. Therefore, results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC Topic 840, Leases (“Topic 840”). We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to us the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. We lease certain property and equipment under noncancelable and cancelable operating and finance leases. Our operating leases primarily relate to railcars, office space, land, vehicles, and storage tanks, and our finance leases primarily relate to tractor trailers, land, storage tanks and vehicles. One of our finance leases is for storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest. For leases with an initial term of greater than 12 months, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our lease agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from one year to approximately 60 years. When applicable, this range includes additional terms associated with leases for which we are reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew and such renewal options are recognized as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We have renewal options for leases with terms ranging from one year to 40 years that are not recognized as part of our right-of-use assets or lease liabilities as we have determined we are not reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew.

Certain of our leases have variable lease payments, many of which are based on changes in market indices such as the Consumer Price Index. Our lease agreements for our tractor trailers contain residual value guarantees equal to the fair market value of the tractor trailers at the end of the lease term in the event that we elect not to purchase the asset for an amount equal to the fair value. Our lease agreements do not contain any material restrictive covenants.

For determining the present value of lease payments, we use the discount rate implicit in the lease when readily determinable; however, such rate is not readily determinable for most of our leases. For those leases for which the discount rate is not readily determinable, we utilize incremental borrowing rates that reflect collateralized borrowing with payments and terms that mirror our lease portfolio to discount the lease payments based on information available at the lease commencement date.

The following table presents components of lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2019, including both amounts recognized in income and amounts capitalized (in millions):

Lease Cost						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Operating lease cost						$	125
Short-term lease cost						35
Other (1)						—
Total lease cost						$	160

⁽¹⁾Includes less than $1 million of net immaterial finance lease costs, variable lease costs and sublease income.

Lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, accounted for in accordance with Topic 840, was $199 million and $207 million, respectively.

The following table presents information related to cash flows arising from lease transactions (in millions):

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases						$	116
Financing cash flows for finance leases						$	18
Non-cash change in lease liabilities arising from obtaining new right-of-use assets or modifications:
Operating leases						$	77
Finance leases (1)						$	27

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

Information related to the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate is presented in the table below:

						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):
Operating leases						11
Finance leases						6
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases						4.4		%
Finance leases						7.1		%

The following table presents the amount and location of our operating and finance lease right-of-use assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):

Leases						Balance Sheet Location						Year Ended December 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets						Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets, net						$	466
Finance lease right-of-use assets (1)						Property and equipment						$	124
						Accumulated depreciation						(16)
						Property and equipment, net						$	108
Total lease right-of-use assets												$	574
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Current						Other current liabilities						$	94
Noncurrent						Long-term operating lease liabilities						387
Total operating lease liabilities												$	481
Finance lease liabilities (1)
Current						Short-term debt						$	18
Noncurrent						Other long-term debt, net						49
Total finance lease liabilities												$	67
Total lease liabilities												$	548

⁽¹⁾Includes approximately $12 million right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

The following table presents the maturity of undiscounted cash flows for future minimum lease payments under noncancelable leases as of December 31, 2019 reconciled to our lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet (amounts in millions):

			Operating						Finance (2)
Future minimum lease payments (1):
2020			$	109					$	21
2021			87						12
2022			79						12
2023			60						9
2024			48						9
Thereafter			279						29
Total			662						92
Less: Present value discount			(181)						(25)
Lease liabilities			$	481					$	67

⁽¹⁾Excludes future minimum payments for short-term and other immaterial leases not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

⁽²⁾Includes payments of approximately $2 million for each of the years ending 2020 through 2024 and approximately $23 million thereafter associated with leased storage tanks owned by an equity method investee, in which we own a 50% interest.

We have entered into a lease that had not yet commenced as of December 31, 2019 with future minimum lease payments totaling approximately $66 million. This lease will be classified as a finance lease, is for crude oil storage tanks owned by an equity method investee in which we own a 50% interest, has a lease term of 16 years and will commence in April 2020.

Lessor

We evaluate all agreements entered into or modified after the date of adoption of Topic 842 that convey to others the use of property or equipment for a term to determine whether the agreement is or contains a lease. Significant judgment is required when determining whether a customer obtains the right to direct the use of identified property or equipment. The underlying assets associated with these agreements are evaluated for future use beyond the lease term.

Our Facilities and Transportation segments enter into agreements to conduct fee-based activities associated with (i) providing storage services primarily for crude oil, NGL and natural gas and (ii) transporting crude oil and NGL. Certain of these agreements convey counterparties the right to direct the operation of physically distinct assets. Such agreements include (i) fixed consideration, which is measured based on an available capacity during the period multiplied by the rate in the agreement, or (ii) a fixed monthly fee and variable consideration based on usage. These agreements often include options to extend or terminate the lease, with advance notice. These agreements are operating leases under Topic 842. For the year ended December 31, 2019, our lease revenue was not material.

The table below presents the maturity of lease payments for operating lease agreements in effect as of December 31, 2019. This presentation includes minimum fixed lease payments and does not include an estimate of variable lease consideration. These agreements have remaining lease terms ranging from two years to 22 years. The following table presents the undiscounted cash flows expected to be received related to these agreements (in millions):

			2020						2021						2022						2023						2024						Thereafter
Lease revenue			$	19					$	22					$	25					$	21					$	17					$	208

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