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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Feb. 28, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. The Company evaluates these estimates on a regular basis and bases them on historical experience and on various assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable. Actual results could differ from the estimates.

Concentration of credit risk and accounts receivable

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, receivables from vendors and derivative instruments.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and derivative instruments are transacted and maintained with financial institutions with high credit standing, and their compositions and maturities are regularly monitored by management. Through February 28, 2023, the Company has not experienced any material credit losses on such deposits and derivative instruments.

Accounts receivable include amounts due from customers, including related party customers. Receivables from vendors, net, includes amounts due from original equipment manufacturer ("OEM") vendors primarily in the technology industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary, but generally requires no collateral. The Company also maintains allowances for expected credit losses. In estimating the required allowances, the Company takes into consideration the overall quality and aging of its receivable portfolio, the existence of credit insurance and specifically identified customer and vendor risks.

The following table provides revenue generated from products purchased from vendors that exceeded 10% of our consolidated revenue for the periods indicated (as a percent of consolidated revenue):


	Three Months Ended
	February 28, 2023		February 28, 2022
Apple, Inc.	11	%	13	%
HP Inc.	N/A(1)		10	%

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(1) Revenue generated from products purchased from this vendor was less than 10% of consolidated revenue during the period presented.

One customer accounted for 11% of the Company's total revenue during the three months ended February 28, 2023. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total revenue during the three months ended February 28, 2022. As of February 28, 2023 and November 30, 2022, no single customer comprised more than 10% of the consolidated accounts receivable balance.

Accounts Receivable

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts as an estimate to cover the future expected credit losses resulting from uncertainty regarding collections from customers or OEM vendors to make payments for outstanding balances. In estimating the required allowance, the Company takes into consideration historical credit losses, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in current conditions as well as changes in forecasted macroeconomic conditions, such as changes in unemployment rates or gross domestic product growth. Expected credit losses are estimated on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist using an age-based reserve model. Receivables that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis.

The Company has uncommitted supply-chain financing programs with global financial institutions under which trade accounts receivable of certain customers and their affiliates may be acquired, without recourse, by the financial institutions. Available capacity under these programs is dependent on the level of the Company’s trade accounts receivable with these customers and the financial institutions’ willingness to purchase such receivables. In addition, certain of these programs also require that the Company continue to service, administer and collect the sold accounts receivable. As of February 28, 2023 and November 30, 2022, accounts receivable sold to and held by the financial institutions under these programs were $1.1 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively. Discount fees related to the sale of trade accounts receivable under these facilities are included in “Interest expense and finance charges, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Discount fees for these programs totaled $11.7 million and $3.0 million in the three months ended February 28, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Seasonality

The Company's operating results are affected by the seasonality of the IT products industry. The Company has historically experienced slightly higher sales in the first and fourth fiscal quarters due to patterns in capital budgeting, federal government spending and purchasing cycles of its customers and end-users. These historical patterns may not be repeated in subsequent periods.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue primarily from the sale of various IT products.

The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of IT hardware and software as control is transferred to customers, which is at the point in time when the product is shipped or delivered. The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when it has written approval, the contract is committed, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and consideration is probable of collection. Binding purchase orders from customers together with agreement to the Company's terms and conditions of sale by way of an executed agreement or other signed documents are considered to be the contract with a customer. Products sold by the Company are delivered via shipment from the Company’s facilities, drop-shipment directly from the vendor, or by electronic delivery of software products. In situations where arrangements include customer acceptance provisions, revenue is recognized when the Company can objectively verify the products comply with specifications underlying acceptance and the customer has control of the products. Revenue is presented net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities. The Company generally invoices a customer upon shipment, or in accordance with specific contractual provisions. Payments are due as per contract terms and do not contain a significant financing component. Service revenues represents less than 10% of the total revenue for the periods presented.

Provisions for sales returns and allowances are estimated based on historical data and are recorded concurrently with the recognition of revenue. A liability is recorded at the time of sale for estimated product returns based upon historical experience and an asset is recognized for the amount expected to be recorded in inventory upon product return. These provisions are reviewed and adjusted periodically by the Company. Revenue is reduced for early payment discounts and volume incentive rebates offered to customers, which are considered variable consideration, at the time of sale based on an evaluation of the contract terms and historical experience.

The Company recognizes revenue on a net basis on certain contracts, where the Company’s performance obligation is to arrange for the products or services to be provided by another party or the rendering of logistics services for the delivery of inventory for which the Company does not assume the risks and rewards of ownership, by recognizing the margins earned in revenue with no associated cost of revenue. Such arrangements include supplier service contracts, post-contract software support services, cloud computing and software as a service arrangements, certain fulfillment contracts and extended warranty contracts.

The Company considers shipping and handling activities as costs to fulfill the sale of products. Shipping revenue is included in revenue when control of the product is transferred to the customer, and the related shipping and handling costs are included in cost of revenue.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not have a material impact on previously reported amounts.

Recently adopted and issued accounting pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2022, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which will require new enhanced disclosures by the buyer in supplier finance programs. Disclosures will include key terms of the program, including payment terms, along with the amount of related obligations, the financial statement caption that includes such obligations, and a rollforward of activity related to the obligations during the period. The new accounting standard must be adopted retrospectively to the earliest comparative period presented, except for the rollforward requirement, which should be adopted prospectively. The accounting standard is effective for the Company beginning with the quarter ending February 29, 2024, except for the rollforward requirement which is effective for the quarter ending February 28, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. While the new accounting standard is not expected to have an impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, the Company is currently evaluating the impact the new accounting standard will have on disclosures related to its supplier finance program obligations in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) on financial reporting. The guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments are elective and are effective upon issuance for all entities through December 31, 2022, which was extended through December 31, 2024 per an update the FASB issued in December 2022. The Company does not currently expect any material impacts from the adoption of this new guidance.