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Joint Ventures (Details) - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Description of the nature of the relationship Production and distribution of soluble fertilizers,  
Principal place of business of joint venture [1] Herikerbergweg 238, 1101 CM Amsterdam Zuidoost  
Country of incorporation of joint venture [1] Holland  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture [1] 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 9,621,000 $ 2,091,000
Sichuan SQM Migao Chemical Fertilizers Co Ltda. [Member]    
Principal place of business of joint venture Huangjing Road, Dawan Town, Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu Municipality, Sichuan Province  
Country of incorporation of joint venture China  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
Coromandel SQM India [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship Production and distribution of potassium nitrate,  
Principal place of business of joint venture 1-2-10 Sardar Patel Road, Secunderabad – 500003 Andhra Pradesh  
Country of incorporation of joint venture India  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
SQM Vitas Fzco. [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship Production and commercialization of specialty plant and animal nutrition and industrial hygiene,  
Principal place of business of joint venture Jebel ALI Free Zone P.O. Box 18222, Dubai  
Country of incorporation of joint venture United Arab Emirates  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
SQM Star Qingdao Corp Nutrition Co., Ltd. [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship Production and distribution of nutrient plant solutions with specialties NPK soluble  
Principal place of business of joint venture Longquan Town, Jimo City, Qingdao Municipality, Shangdong Province  
Country of incorporation of joint venture China  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
SQM Vitas Holland B.V. [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship [1] Without information  
Dividends received [1] $ 0 0
SQM Vitas Brazil Agroindustria [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship [1],[2] Production and commercialization of specialty plant and animal nutrition and industrial hygiene,  
Principal place of business of joint venture [1],[2] Via Cndeias, Km, 01 Sem Numero, Lote 4, Bairro Cia Norte, Candeias, Bahia,  
Country of incorporation of joint venture [1],[2] Brazil  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture [1],[2] 49.99%  
Dividends received [2] $ 0 0
SQM Vitas Peru S.A.C. [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship [2] Production and commercialization of specialty plant and animal nutrition and industrial hygiene  
Principal place of business of joint venture [2] Av, Juan de Arona 187, Torre B, Oficina 301-II, San Isidro, Lima  
Country of incorporation of joint venture [2] Peru  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture [2] 50.00%  
Dividends received [2] $ 0 0
SQM Vitas Plantacote B.V [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship [3] Production and commercialization of controlled-released fertilizers  
Principal place of business of joint venture [3] Herikerbergweg 238, 1101 CM Amsterdam Zuidoost  
Country of incorporation of joint venture [3] Holland  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture [3] 50.00%  
Dividends received [3] $ 0 0
Pavoni C Spa [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship Production of specialized fertilizers and other products for distribution in Italy and other countries  
Principal place of business of joint venture Corso Italia 172, 95129 Catania (CT), Sicily  
Country of incorporation of joint venture Italy  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
Covalent Lithium Pty Ltd [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship development and operation of the Mt Holland Lithium project, which will include the construction of a lithium extraction and refining mine  
Principal place of business of joint venture L18, 109 St. Georges Tce Perth WA 6000 PO Box Z5200 St Georges Tce Perth WA 6831  
Country of incorporation of joint venture Australia  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
Minera Exar S.A. [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship Exploration and exploitation of minerals, processing and trading of such minerals  
Principal place of business of joint venture Dr. Sabín 1082 Ciudad de Nieva – San Salvador de Jujuy- Jujuy- República Argentina  
Country of incorporation of joint venture Argentina  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture 50.00%  
Dividends received $ 0 0
Arpa Speciali SRL [Member]    
Description of the nature of the relationship [4] Production of specialty fertilizers and other products for distribution in Italy and other countries.  
Principal place of business of joint venture [4] Mantova (MN) via Cremona 27 Int. 25  
Country of incorporation of joint venture [4] Italy  
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture [4] 50.48%  
Dividends received [4] $ 0 $ 0
[1] During May 2016, SQM Vitas Holland B.V. sold its interest in SQM Vitas Spain, to SQM Iberian S.A. resulting in the latter obtaining 100% in this transaction generating a loss of ThUS$104.
[2] SQM Vitas Fzco.
[3] SQM Vitas Holland B.V.
[4] Pavoni &C.SPA