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Income tax and deferred taxes - Reconciliation of Statutory Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
Reconciliation of accounting profit multiplied by applicable tax rates [abstract] |  |  |
Consolidated income before taxes | $ 2,807,018 | $ 5,486,496 | $ 841,221
Statutory income tax rate in Chile | 27.00% | 27.00% | 27.00%
Tax expense using the statutory tax rate | $ (757,895) | $ (1,481,354) | $ (227,130)
Net effect of royalty tax payments | (6,889) | (57,500) | (13,350)
Specific mining tax to lithium mining claims | (1,089,476) | 0 | 0
Tax effect of income from regular activities exempt from taxation and dividends from abroad | (1,457) | 3,490 | (260)
Tax rate effect of non-tax-deductible expenses for determining taxable profit (loss) | 3,509 | (11,058) | (2,226)
Effect due to the difference in tax rates related to abroad subsidiaries | (24,748) | (25,053) | (5,622)
Other tax effects of reconciliation of accounting income to tax expense | 205 | (737) | (428)
Income tax expense | $ (1,876,751) | $ (1,572,212) | $ (249,016)

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- Definition The amount of profit (loss) for a period before deducting tax expense. [Refer: Profit (loss)] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause i -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_i&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause ii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_ii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 + Details
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- Definition The applicable income tax rate. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause ii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_ii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 + Details
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- Definition The aggregate amount included in the determination of profit (loss) for the period in respect of current tax and deferred tax. [Refer: Current tax expense (income); Deferred tax expense (income)] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IFRS -Number 8 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 23 -Subparagraph h -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IFRS&num=8&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_23_h&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 26 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 35 -Subparagraph b -Clause viii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=26&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_35_b_viii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 79 -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_79&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause i -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_i&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause ii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_ii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IFRS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph B13 -Subparagraph g -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IFRS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_B13_g&doctype=Appendix&subtype=B -URIDate 2023-03-23 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 82 -Subparagraph d -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_82_d&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 + Details
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- Definition The amount that represents the difference between the tax expense (income) and the product of the accounting profit multiplied by the applicable tax rate(s) that the entity does not separately disclose in the same statement or note. [Refer: Accounting profit; Applicable tax rate] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause i -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_i&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 + Details
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- Definition The amount that represents the difference between the tax expense (income) and the product of the accounting profit multiplied by the applicable tax rate(s) that relates to expenses not deductible in determining taxable profit (tax loss). [Refer: Accounting profit] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 12 -IssueDate 2023-01-01 -Paragraph 81 -Subparagraph c -Clause i -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=12&code=ifrs-tx-2023-en-r&anchor=para_81_c_i&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2023-03-23 + Details
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