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Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract] |
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION The Company has stock incentive plans for executives and eligible employees. Stock awards include stock options, restricted stock, and performance shares. Stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $10.5 million, $9.7 million and $9.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2017, there was $6.1 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation cost which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 1.4 years. Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights Stock options and stock appreciation rights (SARs) granted under the Company’s incentive plans vest over three years and are exercisable over a period not to exceed ten years from the grant date. The exercise price of stock options is equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of the grant. The value of each stock option award is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock options are accounted for as equity awards and SARs are accounted for as liability awards and remeasured at each reporting date. SARs, when vested, provide the participant the right to receive cash equal to the excess of the market price of the shares over the exercise price when exercised. The following table sets forth the weighted average fair value of stock options and the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the stock options using the Black-Scholes option valuation model:
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Weighted average fair value of stock options granted | $ | 3.91 |  |  | $ | 1.06 |  |  | $ | 2.65 |
Volatility | 67.07 | % |  | 61.75 | % |  | 55.71 | %
Expected life in years | 4.00 |  |  | 3.99 |  |  | 4.75 |
Risk-free interest rate | 1.69 | % |  | 1.50 | % |  | 1.51 | %
Dividend yield | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
The following table summarizes stock option and SAR activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:
| Stock Options |  | SARs
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 598,346 |  |  | $ | 16.26 |  |  | 46,572 |  |  | $ | 14.06 |
Granted | 310,028 |  |  | 5.57 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Canceled/forfeited | (238,365 | ) |  | 12.69 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | 670,009 |  |  | 12.58 |  |  | 46,572 |  |  | 14.06 |
Granted | 183,251 |  |  | 2.19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised | (170,897 | ) |  | 7.81 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Canceled/forfeited | (25,752 | ) |  | 16.76 |  |  | (4,420 | ) |  | 13.31 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 656,611 |  |  | 10.76 |  |  | 42,152 |  |  | 14.14 |
Granted | 14,820 |  |  | 7.60 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised | (26,966 | ) |  | 3.28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Canceled/forfeited | (27,019 | ) |  | 21.88 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 | 617,446 |  |  | $ | 10.53 |  |  | 42,152 |  |  | $ | 14.14 |
The following table summarizes outstanding stock options as of December 31, 2017.
Range of Exercise Price | Number Outstanding |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
$ 0.00-$10.00 | 434,520 |  |  | $ | 5.45 |  |  | 7.24 |  |
$10.00-$20.00 | 47,051 |  |  | 12.73 |  |  | 5.68 |  |
$20.00-$30.00 | 133,692 |  |  | 25.64 |  |  | 4.33 |  |
$30.00-$40.00 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.00 |  |
$40.00-$50.00 | 2,183 |  |  | 48.50 |  |  | 0.03 |  |
Outstanding | 617,446 |  |  | $ | 10.53 |  |  | 6.47 |  | $ | 1,127 |
Vested and expected to vest | 601,545 |  |  | $ | 10.71 |  |  | 6.42 |  | $ | 1,065 |
Exercisable | 427,730 |  |  | $ | 13.62 |  |  | 5.81 |  | $ | 377 |
At December 31, 2017, there was $0.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0 year. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $0.2 million. Cash received from options exercised for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $0.1 million for which there was no related tax benefit. The grant date fair value for stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $0.5 million, $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Restricted Stock Restricted stock granted under the Company’s incentive plans are accounted for based on the market value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and vest in equal installments annually over three years. Restricted stock awards are accounted for as equity awards. Holders of restricted stock are entitled to vote the shares and to receive any dividends declared on the shares. The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:
| Restricted Stock
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 901,999 |  |  | $ | 12.19 |
Granted | 1,180,384 |  |  | 5.49 |
Vested | (317,122 | ) |  | 13.38 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (257,849 | ) |  | 7.59 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | 1,507,412 |  |  | 7.49 |
Granted | 1,768,746 |  |  | 3.72 |
Vested | (681,829 | ) |  | 8.51 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (160,414 | ) |  | 7.16 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 2,433,915 |  |  | 4.48 |
Granted | 799,165 |  |  | 8.78 |
Vested | (1,023,708 | ) |  | 5.14 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (53,527 | ) |  | 5.90 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 | 2,155,845 |  |  | $ | 5.72 |
At December 31, 2017, there was $3.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years. Performance Shares Performance shares granted under the Company’s incentive plans are accounted for at fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model on the date of grant. Performance share awards are accounted for as equity awards. The performance shares vest at the end of a three-year service period if relative stockholder return and internal performance metrics are met. The existence of a market condition requires recognition of compensation cost for the performance share awards over the requisite period regardless of whether the relative stockholder return metric is met. The following table summarizes performance shares activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:
| Performance Shares
| Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 516,830 |  |  | $ | 17.61 |
Granted | 809,293 |  |  | 6.97 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (190,988 | ) |  | 15.62 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | 1,135,135 |  |  | 10.35 |
Granted | 1,437,077 |  |  | 1.79 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (199,580 | ) |  | 17.98 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 2,372,632 |  |  | 4.53 |
Granted | 316,213 |  |  | 11.58 |
Vested | (66,696 | ) |  | 14.18 |
Cancelled/Forfeited | (253,868 | ) |  | 11.56 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 | 2,368,281 |  |  | $ | 4.44 |
At December 31, 2017, there was $2.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to performance shares to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2228938 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2208855 + Details
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