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Income and Mining Taxes | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
INCOME AND MINING TAXES | INCOME AND MINING TAXES The following table summarizes the components of Income and mining tax (expense) benefit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 by significant jurisdiction:
| Three months ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
In thousands | Income (loss) before tax | Tax (expense) benefit |  | Income (loss) before tax | Tax (expense) benefit |  | Income (loss) before tax | Tax (expense) benefit |  | Income (loss) before tax | Tax (expense) benefit
United States | $ | (4,660) |  | $ | 1,677 |  |  | $ | (35,540) |  | $ | (2,264) |  |  | $ | (33,890) |  | $ | (2,142) |  |  | $ | (61,320) |  | $ | (3,282) |
Canada | (9,628) |  | (258) |  |  | (4,410) |  | — |  |  | (18,535) |  | (372) |  |  | (13,704) |  | — |
Mexico | 22,948 |  | (8,608) |  |  | 17,534 |  | (7,602) |  |  | 48,152 |  | (20,699) |  |  | 38,933 |  | (17,292) |
Other jurisdictions | (45) |  | — |  |  | (130) |  | — |  |  | (205) |  | — |  |  | (333) |  | — |
| $ | 8,615 |  | $ | (7,189) |  |  | $ | (22,546) |  | $ | (9,866) |  |  | $ | (4,478) |  | $ | (23,213) |  |  | $ | (36,424) |  | $ | (20,574) |
During the second quarter of 2024, the Company reported estimated income and mining tax expense of approximately $7.2 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 83.4%. This compares to income tax expense of $9.9 million for an effective tax rate of (43.8)% during the second quarter of 2023. The comparability of the Company’s income and mining tax (expense) benefit and effective tax rate for the reported periods was impacted by multiple factors, primarily: (i) mining taxes; (ii) variations in the Company’s income before income taxes; (iii) geographic distribution of that income; (iv) percentage depletion; (v) foreign exchange rate; (vi) the prior year sale of non-core assets; and (vii) the impact of uncertain tax positions. Therefore, the effective tax rate will fluctuate, sometimes significantly, period to period. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that the related tax benefits will not be realized. The Company analyzes its deferred tax assets and, if it is determined that the Company will not realize all or a portion of its deferred tax assets, it will record or increase a valuation allowance. Conversely, if it is determined that the Company ultimately will be more likely than not able to realize all or a portion of the related benefits for which a valuation allowance has been provided, all or a portion of the related valuation allowance will be reduced. There are a number of factors that impact the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets. For additional information, please see the section titled “Item 1A - Risk Factors”. The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The statute of limitations remains open from 2020 forward for the U.S. federal jurisdiction and from 2017 forward for certain other foreign jurisdictions. Regarding the statutes of limitation that will begin to expire within the next 12 months in various jurisdictions and possible settlements of audit-related issues with taxing authorities in various jurisdictions with respect to which none of the issues are individually significant, the Company believes that there will be no further decrease in any unrecognized income tax benefits. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the unrecognized tax benefits and accrued income-tax-related interest and penalties were not significant. The Company’s continuing practice is to recognize potential interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of its income tax expense.

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