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Fair Values of Financial Instruments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share
The following tables present additional information about our private equity partnerships, including commitments for additional investments which may or may not be funded:
September 30, 2025
Investment CategoryFair ValueRedemption Term / Redemption NoticeUnfunded Commitments
(in millions of dollars)(in millions of dollars)
Private Credit(a)$211.2 Not redeemable$112.7 
51.3 Quarterly / 90 days notice12.7 
Total Private Credit262.5 125.4 
Private Equity(b)622.8 Not redeemable395.8 
31.9Initial 5.5 year lock on each new investment / Quarterly after 5.5 year lock with 90 days notice15.1
Total Private Equity654.7410.9
Real Assets(c)501.5 Not redeemable209.1 
37.6 Quarterly / 90 days notice— 
Total Real Assets539.1 209.1 
Total Partnerships$1,456.3 $745.4 

December 31, 2024
Investment CategoryFair ValueRedemption Term / Redemption NoticeUnfunded Commitments
(in millions of dollars)(in millions of dollars)
Private Credit(a)$236.9 Not redeemable$118.9 
52.3 Quarterly / 90 days notice10.3 
Total Private Credit289.2 129.2 
Private Equity(b)604.1 Not redeemable398.2 
36.1 Initial 5.5 year lock on each new investment / Quarterly after 5.5 year lock with 90 days notice11.0
Total Private Equity640.2 409.2 
Real Assets(c)486.6 Not redeemable230.1 
34.6 Quarterly / 90 days notice— 
Total Real Assets521.2 230.1 
Total Partnerships$1,450.6 $768.5 

(a)Private Credit - The limited partnerships described in this category employ various investment strategies, generally providing direct lending or other forms of debt financing including first-lien, second-lien, mezzanine, and subordinated loans. The limited partnerships have credit exposure to corporates, physical assets, and/or financial assets within a variety of industries (including manufacturing, healthcare, energy, business services, technology, materials, and retail) in North
America and, to a lesser extent, outside of North America.  As of September 30, 2025, the estimated remaining life of the investments that do not allow for redemptions is approximately 73 percent in the next 3 years, 14 percent during the period from 3 to 5 years, and 13 percent during the period from 5 to 10 years.

(b)Private Equity - The limited partnerships described in this category employ various strategies generally investing in controlling or minority control equity positions directly in companies and/or assets across various industries (including manufacturing, healthcare, energy, business services, technology, materials, and retail), primarily in private markets within North America and, to a lesser extent, outside of North America.  As of September 30, 2025, the estimated remaining life of the investments that do not allow for redemptions is approximately 41 percent in the next 3 years, 23 percent during the period from 3 to 5 years, and 36 percent during the period from 5 to 10 years.
(c)Real Assets - The limited partnerships described in this category employ various strategies, which include investing in the equity and/or debt financing of physical assets, including infrastructure (energy, power, water/wastewater, communications), transportation (including airports, ports, toll roads, aircraft, railcars) and real estate in North America, Europe, South America, and Asia.  As of September 30, 2025, the estimated remaining life of the investments that do not allow for redemptions is approximately 45 percent in the next 3 years, 34 percent during period from 3 to 5 years, and 21 percent during the period from 5 to 10 years.
Fair Values by Fair Value Hierarchy Input level
The following tables present information about financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis by fair value level, based on the observability of the inputs used:
 September 30, 2025
 Level 1Level 2Level 3NAVTotal
(in millions of dollars)
Assets
Fixed Maturity Securities
United States Government and Government Agencies and Authorities$79.7 $464.3 $— $— $544.0 
States, Municipalities, and Political Subdivisions— 3,068.0 — — 3,068.0 
Foreign Governments— 879.5 — — 879.5 
Public Utilities471.6 4,417.2 — — 4,888.8 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
— 1,022.6 99.0 — 1,121.6 
All Other Corporate Bonds6,160.5 16,476.0 44.0 — 22,680.5 
Redeemable Preferred Stocks— 7.8 — — 7.8 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities6,711.8 26,335.4 143.0 — 33,190.2 
Other Long-term Investments
Derivatives
Forwards 5.0   5.0 
Foreign Currency Interest Rate Swaps
 51.6   51.6 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement
  13.9  13.9 
Total Derivatives 56.6 13.9  70.5 
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities— 0.2 23.0 — 23.2 
Private Equity Partnerships— — — 1,456.3 1,456.3 
Total Other Long-term Investments— 56.8 36.9 1,456.3 1,550.0 
Total Financial Instrument Assets Carried at Fair Value$6,711.8 $26,392.2 $179.9 $1,456.3 $34,740.2 
Liabilities
Other Liabilities
Derivatives
Forwards $ $208.2 $ $ $208.2 
Foreign Currency Interest Rate Swaps
 51.4   51.4 
Total Derivatives 259.6   259.6 
Total Financial Instrument Liabilities Carried at Fair Value$— $259.6 $— $— $259.6 
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
 December 31, 2024
 Level 1Level 2Level 3NAVTotal
(in millions of dollars)
Assets
Fixed Maturity Securities
United States Government and Government Agencies and Authorities$77.9 $452.6 $— $— $530.5 
States, Municipalities, and Political Subdivisions— 3,291.4 — — 3,291.4 
Foreign Governments— 768.1 — — 768.1 
Public Utilities174.5 5,118.4 — — 5,292.9 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
— 843.7 73.5 — 917.2 
All Other Corporate Bonds3,928.1 20,822.6 71.5 — 24,822.2 
Redeemable Preferred Stocks— 7.6 — — 7.6 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities4,180.5 31,304.4 145.0 — 35,629.9 
Other Long-term Investments
Derivatives
Forwards 6.5   6.5 
Foreign Currency Interest Rate Swaps
 72.9   72.9 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement  11.5  11.5 
Total Derivatives 79.4 11.5  90.9 
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities— 0.1 24.4 — 24.5 
Private Equity Partnerships— — — 1,450.6 1,450.6 
Total Other Long-term Investments— 79.5 35.9 1,450.6 1,566.0 
Total Financial Instrument Assets Carried at Fair Value$4,180.5 $31,383.9 $180.9 $1,450.6 $37,195.9 
Liabilities
Other Liabilities
Derivatives
Forwards$ $223.2 $ $ $223.2 
Foreign Currency Interest Rate Swaps
 32.5   32.5 
Total Derivatives 255.7   255.7 
Total Financial Instrument Liabilities Carried at Fair Value$— $255.7 $— $— $255.7 
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
Changes in Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis using Significant Unobservable Inputs
Changes in assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
 Fair Value Beginning of PeriodTotal Realized
and Unrealized
Investment Gains (Losses) in
  Level 3 TransfersFair Value End of PeriodChange in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Held at the End of Period included in
 EarningsOCIPurchasesSales/MaturitiesIntoOut ofOCIEarnings
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
Public Utilities$— $— $0.1 $— $(22.5)$22.4 $— $— $— $— 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
81.4 — — 19.3 (1.7)— — 99.0 — — 
All Other Corporate Bonds19.9 0.3 1.3 6.2 (66.1)83.4 (1.0)44.0 1.3 — 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities101.3 0.3 1.4 25.5 (90.3)105.8 (1.0)143.0 1.3 — 
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities
23.8 (0.8)— — — — — 23.0 — 0.1 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement10.6 3.3 — — — — — 13.9 — 3.3 
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
 Fair Value Beginning of Period
Total Realized
and Unrealized
Investment Gains (Losses) in
  Level 3 TransfersFair Value End of PeriodChange in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Held at the End of Period included in
 EarningsOCIPurchasesSales/MaturitiesIntoOut ofOCIEarnings
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
Public Utilities$— $(0.2)$0.7 $— $(10.3)$9.8 $— $— $— $— 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
46.5 — 0.2 4.9 (0.7)0.1 — 51.0 0.2 — 
All Other Corporate Bonds53.3 — 2.0 — (42.2)39.1 (24.2)28.0 2.0 — 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities99.8 (0.2)2.9 4.9 (53.2)49.0 (24.2)79.0 2.2 — 
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities
21.7 — — — — — — 21.7 — — 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement5.4 (0.8)— — — — — 4.6 — (0.8)
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
 Fair Value Beginning of YearTotal Realized
and Unrealized
Investment Gains (Losses) in
  Level 3 TransfersFair Value End of PeriodChange in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Held at the End of Period included in
 EarningsOCIPurchasesSales/MaturitiesIntoOut ofOCIEarnings
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
Public Utilities$— $(1.5)$1.9 $— $(43.7)$43.3 $— $— $— $— 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
73.5 — 0.3 31.2 (5.9)— (0.1)99.0 0.3 — 
All Other Corporate Bonds71.5 (5.9)(0.7)6.2 (172.3)183.4 (38.2)44.0 (0.7)— 
Total Fixed Maturity Securities145.0 (7.4)1.5 37.4 (221.9)226.7 (38.3)143.0 (0.4)— 
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities
24.4 6.8 — 4.7 (12.9)— — 23.0 — 0.8 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement11.5 2.4 — — — — — 13.9 — 2.4 
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
 Fair Value Beginning of YearTotal Realized and Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) in  Level 3 TransfersFair Value End of PeriodChange in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Held at the End of Period included in
 EarningsOCIPurchasesSales/MaturitiesIntoOut ofOCIEarnings
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
Public Utilities$— $(0.2)$0.3 $— $(10.3)$10.2 $— $— $— $— 
Mortgage/Asset-Backed Securities1
32.9 — 0.6 15.5 (1.9)3.9 — 51.0 0.6 — 
All Other Corporate Bonds123.4 (2.6)6.9 2.3 (196.4)189.0 (94.6)28.0 6.9 (2.6)
Total Fixed Maturity Securities156.3 (2.8)7.8 17.8 (208.6)203.1 (94.6)79.0 7.5 (2.6)
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities
21.6 0.1 — — — — — 21.7 — 0.1 
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement(1.5)6.1 — — — — — 4.6 — 6.1 
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types
Quantitative Information Regarding Significant Unobservable Inputs
The table below provides quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements derived from internal models. Unobservable inputs for fixed maturity securities are weighted by the fair value of the securities. Certain securities classified as Level 3 are excluded from the table below due to limitations in our ability to obtain the underlying inputs used by external pricing sources.
September 30, 2025
Fair ValueValuation MethodUnobservable InputRange/Weighted Average
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
All Other Corporate Bonds - Private$5.7 Market Approach
 Market Convention
(a)
Priced at Par Value
Mortgage-Backed Securities/
Asset-Backed Securities1
14.6 Market ApproachMarket Convention
(a)
Priced at Par Value
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities 23.0 Market Approach
Market Convention
(a)Priced at Cost, Owner's Equity, or Most Recent Round
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement13.9 Discounted Cash Flows
Projected Liability Cash Flows
Weighted Spread of Swap Curve
(b)
Actuarial Assumptions
(0.31)%

December 31, 2024
Fair ValueValuation MethodUnobservable InputRange/Weighted Average
(in millions of dollars)
Fixed Maturity Securities
All Other Corporate Bonds - Private$16.3 Market Approach
Volatility of Credit
Market Convention
(c)
(a)
5.00% - 5.00% / 5.00%
Priced at Par Value
Mortgage-Backed Securities/
Asset-Backed Securities1
21.2 Market ApproachMarket Convention(a)Priced at Par Value
Perpetual Preferred and Equity Securities 24.4 Market ApproachMarket Convention(a)Priced at Cost, Owner's Equity, or Most Recent Round
Embedded Derivative in Modified Coinsurance Arrangement11.5 Discounted Cash Flows
Projected Liability Cash Flows
Weighted Spread of Swap Curve
(b)
Actuarial Assumptions
(0.23)%
1Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, auto loans, and other asset types

(a)Represents a decision to price based on par value, cost, owner's equity, or the price of the most recent capital funding round when limited data is available
(b)Represents various actuarial assumptions required to derive the liability cash flows. Fair value of embedded derivative is most often driven by the change in the weighted average credit spread to the swap curve for the assets backing the hypothetical loan
(c)Represents basis point adjustments for credit-specific factors
Carrying Amount and Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our financial instruments not measured at fair value and indicates the level in the fair value hierarchy of the estimated fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:
September 30, 2025
Estimated Fair Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalCarrying Value
(in millions of dollars)
Assets
Mortgage Loans$— $1,977.5 $— $1,977.5 $2,129.8 
Policy Loans— — 3,653.4 3,653.4 3,584.1 
Other Long-term Investments
Miscellaneous Long-term Investments— 38.0 0.2 38.2 38.2 
Total Financial Instrument Assets Not Carried at Fair Value$— $2,015.5 $3,653.6 $5,669.1 $5,752.1 
Liabilities
Long-term Debt$3,032.8 $348.0 $— $3,380.8 $3,470.8 
Other Liabilities
Unfunded Commitments— 0.2 — 0.2 0.2 
Payable for Collateral on FHLB Funding Agreements— 585.4 — 585.4 585.4 
Total Financial Instrument Liabilities Not Carried at Fair Value$3,032.8 $933.6 $— $3,966.4 $4,056.4 
December 31, 2024
Estimated Fair Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalCarrying Value
(in millions of dollars)
Assets
Mortgage Loans$— $1,975.4 $— $1,975.4 $2,224.5 
Policy Loans— — 3,672.9 3,672.9 3,617.2 
Other Long-term Investments
Miscellaneous Long-term Investments— 26.7 0.2 26.9 26.9 
Total Financial Instrument Assets Not Carried at Fair Value$— $2,002.1 $3,673.1 $5,675.2 $5,868.6 
Liabilities
Long-term Debt$3,246.1 $43.2 $— $3,289.3 $3,465.2 
Other Liabilities
Unfunded Commitments— 0.2 — 0.2 0.2 
Payable for Collateral on FHLB Funding Agreements— 324.2 — 324.2 324.2 
Total Financial Instrument Liabilities Not Carried at Fair Value$3,246.1 $367.6 $— $3,613.7 $3,789.6