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INVENTORIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
INVENTORIES  
INVENTORIES

8.

INVENTORIES

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

Finished goods

Pulp

Domestic (Brazil)

616,415

748,588

Foreign

1,426,064

1,037,760

Paper

Domestic (Brazil)

358,973

315,068

Foreign

192,671

95,383

Work in process

93,964

96,140

Raw materials

Wood

1,480,616

1,094,058

Operating supplies and packaging

716,089

571,505

Spare parts and other

843,469

678,983

5,728,261

4,637,485

Inventories are disclosed net of estimated losses.

8.1.

Roll-forward of estimated losses

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

Opening balance

(91,258)

(79,885)

Additions (1)

(89,552)

(85,110)

Reversals

33,492

11,536

Write-offs (2)

41,329

62,201

Closing balance

(105,989)

(91,258)

1)Refers mainly to: (i) raw materials in the amount of R$43,166 (R$38,136 as at December 31, 2021); and (ii) spare parts in the amount of R$24,502 (R$21,184 as at December 31, 2021).
2)Refers mainly to the balances of: (i) raw materials of R$35,715 (R$47,231 as at December 31, 2021), and (ii) spare parts in the amount of R$5,371 (R$9,529 as at December 31, 2021).

For the year ended December 31, 2022 and for the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no inventory items pledged as collateral.