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INCOME AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION TAXES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
INCOME AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION TAXES  
Schedule of deferred income and social contribution taxes

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

Tax loss

1,207,096

1,156,876

Negative tax basis of social contribution

445,250

411,074

Assets - temporary differences

Provision for judicial liabilities

268,596

249,345

Operating provisions and other losses

999,028

965,130

Exchange rate variations

4,297,503

6,555,202

Derivatives losses (“MtM”)

2,193,693

Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations

680,142

699,535

Unrealized profit on inventories

363,052

298,888

Leases

364,838

373,372

8,625,505

12,903,115

Liabilities - temporary differences

Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill

1,023,103

746,489

Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost

1,217,349

1,316,859

Accelerated tax depreciation

869,997

944,949

Borrowing cost

210,834

99,399

Fair value of biological assets

703,274

430,966

Deferred taxes, net of fair value adjustments

398,950

427,313

Tax credits - gains from tax lawsuit (exclusion of ICMS from the PIS and COFINS basis)

194,121

198,027

Derivatives gains (“MtM”)

9,164

Other temporary differences

13,416

9,184

4,640,208

4,173,186

Non-current assets

3,986,415

8,729,929

Non-current liabilities

1,118

Schedule of accumulated tax losses and social contribution tax loss carryforwards

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

Tax loss carried forward

4,828,384

4,627,504

Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward

4,947,222

4,567,489

Schedule of changes in net balance of deferred income tax

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

Opening balance

8,729,929

8,676,432

Tax loss

50,220

143,868

Negative tax basis of social contribution

34,176

81,662

(Reversal of) provision for judicial liabilities

19,251

16,245

Reversal of operating provisions and other losses

33,898

(53,467)

Exchange rate variation

(2,257,699)

442,296

Derivative gains (“MtM”)

(2,202,857)

(110,140)

Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations

8,970

22,996

Unrealized profit on inventories

64,164

122,041

Leases

(8,534)

86,306

Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill

(276,614)

(276,614)

Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost

99,510

68,783

Accelerated tax depreciation

74,952

80,187

Borrowing cost

(111,435)

10,637

Fair value of biological assets

(272,308)

(225,586)

Deferred taxes on the results of associates abroad

(33,893)

Credits on exclusion of ICMS from the PIS/COFINS tax base

3,906

(154,468)

Other temporary differences

(4,232)

(167,356)

Closing balance

3,985,297

8,729,929

Schedule of changes in the effects of income tax and social contribution on profit or loss

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

Net income (loss) before taxes

28,655,581

8,832,957

(17,642,129)

Income tax and social contribution benefit (expense) at the statutory nominal rate of 34%

(9,742,898)

(3,003,205)

5,998,324

Tax effect on permanent differences

Taxation (difference) on profits of associates in Brazil and abroad (1)

4,915,243

3,445,206

1,373,845

Equity method

96,685

44,309

12,288

Thin capitalization (2)

(505,553)

(603,612)

(675,356)

Credit related to the Reintegra Program

7,829

7,398

6,278

Director bonuses

(12,208)

(15,656)

(7,677)

Tax incentives (3)

51,839

16,443

10,668

Offsetting of income tax abroad

72,890

Mergers of subsidiaries

67,311

Donations / Fines - Other

(71,631)

(88,308)

68,623

(5,260,694)

(197,425)

6,927,194

Income tax

Current

(464,312)

(276,431)

(173,322)

Deferred

(3,485,267)

69,669

5,225,655

(3,949,579)

(206,762)

5,052,333

Social Contribution

Current

(46,584)

(15,684)

(8,604)

Deferred

(1,264,531)

25,021

1,883,465

(1,311,115)

9,337

1,874,861

Income and social contribution benefits (expenses) for the year

(5,260,694)

(197,425)

6,927,194

Effective rate of income and social contribution tax expenses

18.36

%

2.24

%

39.27

%

1)

The difference in the taxation of associates is substantially due to the differences between the nominal tax rates in Brazil and those of associates located abroad.

2)

The Brazilian thin capitalization rules establish that interest paid or credited by a Brazilian entity to a related party abroad may only be deducted for income tax and social contribution purposes if the interest expense is viewed as necessary for the activities of the local entity, and when certain limits and requirements are met. On December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not meet all of the limits and requirements, and therefore the expense is not deductible for the period.

3)

Income tax and social contribution deduction on profit or loss referring to the use of: (i) tax incentives applicable to ICMS, (ii) exploitation profits, (iii) expenses with research and development, (iv) PAT benefits (“Worker Food Program”), (v) donations made in cultural projects, (vi) children and adolescents rights funds, (vii) sports incentives, (viii) funds for the elderly and (ix) extensions to maternity and paternity leave.

Schedule of tax incentives

Area/Regions

    

Company

    

Maturity

Northeast Development Superintendence (“SUDENE”)

 

  

 

  

Mucuri (BA) - Line 1

 

Suzano

 

2024

Mucuri (BA) - Line 2

 

Suzano

 

2027

Eunápolis (BA)

 

Veracel

 

2025

Imperatriz (MA)

 

Suzano

 

2024

Aracruz (ES)

 

Portocel

 

2030

Aracruz (ES)

 

Suzano

 

2031

Superintendence of Amazon Development (“SUDAM”)

 

  

 

  

Belém (PA)

 

Suzano

 

2025